Pour la plupart des entreprises, l’innovation est devenue un élément indispensable, garant de la pérennité de l’entreprise.Cependant, durant les phases de développement des produits, le concepteur est confronté lors des principaux jalons du processus à faire des choix de conception. Ces prises de décisions ont par la suite un fort impact sur l’acceptabilité ou non des produits par le marché. Le monde de la conception des implants orthopédiques n’y échappe pas.Le but de ce travail de thèse est de montrer qu’il est possible d’intégrer dans les phases amonts du processus de développement d’implants orthopédiques, un outil d’aide à la décision pour le choix de concepts intégrant des critères techniques, médicaux, chirurgicaux et économiques permettant de réduire les risques pour le patient mais aussi les risques d’un possible échec commercial.La première partie de ce document s’intéresse à l’analyse du contexte de cette étude et en particulier aux dispositifs médicaux. Ensuite, l’état de l’art étudie les différents processus d’innovation et plus spécifiquement les processus de conception dans le secteur médical des implants orthopédiques. Ces travaux nous ont amené à nous questionner et à analyser les méthodes d’évaluation du potentiel d’innovation disponibles au sein de la littérature scientifique, et de leur intégration au sein du secteur des implants.De cette analyse a émergé une question se situant au cœur de nos travaux de recherche : comment concevoir des implants innovants avec un niveau de risques faibles (risque clinique, risque de défaillance, risque d’utilisation) ?La réponse à cette question s’est traduite par la proposition d’un nouvel outil d’aide à la décision (hypothèse1) intégré aux phases amont d’un processus de conception adapté (hypothèse2) au développement d’implants. Celles-ci ont ensuite été vérifiées et validées lors de 3 expérimentations qui ont aboutis à la réalisation d’implants orthopédiques posés sur des patients. / For a majority of companies, innovation has become an essential element of corporate sustainability.However, during the product development phase the designer is forced to make decisions on design. These decisions subsequently have a strong impact on the acceptability of the products by the market. Orthopaedics implants design is no exception.The aim of this thesis is to show that it is possible to integrate, in the early phases of the orthopaedic implant development process, a tool for decision-making; in choosing concepts that incorporate technical, medical, surgical and economic criteria. The goal is to reduce the risk for the patient but also reduce the risk of commercial failure.The first part of this document focuses on analysing the context of this study, particularly for medical devices. Following this, the state of the art studies the various innovation processes and more specifically, the design process of medical orthopaedic implants. This work forced us to question and analyse evaluation methods for potential innovations available in the scientific literature, and integrate them into the implant sector.From this analysis, a question emerged lying at the heart of our research: how to design innovative implants with a low level of risk (clinical risk, default risk, risk of use)?The answer to this question has resulted in the proposal of a new tool for decision-making (Hypothesis 1) integrated within upstream phases of a suitable decision process (Hypothesis 2) for developing implants. These were then checked and validated in three experiments that resulted in the development of orthopaedic implants that were successfully inserted into patients.

Detta projekt handlar om att skapa en ny hemsida till Åhus Beach. Huvudmålen är att den ska vara fullt responsiv och fullt ut dynamisk. För att göra hemsidan dynamisk har vi använt oss av wordpress som CMS-verktyg. För att kunna utnyttja wordpress till dess fulla potential har vi använt oss av ett plugin som heter Advanced Custom Fields Pro. Nästan allting på hemsidan så som texter, bilder, färger, knappar och även sidor är möjliga att ändra på via wordpress. Miljön som använts är en wordpress boilerplate som kallas Bedrock tillsammans med ett starttema som kallas Sage och allting har kodats i Visual Studio Code. Med allt detta tillsammans har vi utvecklat en fullständig ny och fräsch hemsida till Åhus Beach. Slutresultatet är en sida som innehåller sidor för tre olika evenemang, deras undersidor med menyer. Sidan innehåller nyheter, erbjudanden, information om eventen, kartor, kontaktinformation, sökfunktion och videos.

O ambiente competitivo no qual as empresas estão inseridas é caracterizado por mudanças frequentes na demanda de seus produtos e por uma necessidade em reduzir custos. Para obter sucesso frente à concorrência, se faz necessário alcançar resultados através da melhoria do processo produtivo, oferecendo respostas mais rápidas a variações na demanda e com uma utilização adequada dos recursos produtivos. Neste contexto, a utilização de softwares Advanced Planning and Scheduling com regra personalizada de programação possibilita melhoria no planejamento e programação da empresa no sentido dos objetivos citados. A partir disso, este trabalho propõe uma sistemática de desenvolvimento e implantação de regras de programação personalizadas. Após, é apresentada aplicação de um caso prático no qual foram detalhadas todas as etapas propostas na sistemática, desde o entendimento das necessidades da empresa até a avaliação dos resultados obtidos. / The competitive environment in which firms operate is characterized by frequent changes in product demand and a necessity to reduce costs. To succeed against the competition, it is necessary to gain competitive advantage by improving the production process, providing faster responses to changes in demand and proper use of productive resources. In this context, the use of Advanced Planning and Scheduling software with custom programming rule allows improved planning and programming company towards the objectives mentioned. This study proposes a systematic development and deployment of custom programming rules, next it is presented a case study which detail the stages proposed in the systematic, from the understanding of the business requirement until the evaluation of results.

The goal of the Master´s thesis is to analyse operations of the company dealing with the production of plastic and wooden windows and to focus on production organization and distribution and to suggest improvements measures. The Master´s thesis concentrates on production analysis and distribution of company WindowStar s.r.o which is one of the daughter companies of Austrian holding D.E.I.N. Haus. Company WindowStar s.r.o. resides in Planá nad Lužnicí and deals exclusively with the production of plastic and wooden windows. There are frequent changes of trends at purchasing windows, competition in this branch is great and therefore the company has necessarily to increase its competitiveness and financial stability. Analysing the production and distribution there were found out some places possible to be improved. Afterwards there were suggested particular measures leading to savings. I recommend the company to change buyer of plastic waste and non-congruous plastic products, further, to make a trim-to-size plan for cutting aluminium both for plastic and wooden windows. Finally, I suggest changing the supplier of glazing slats necessary for production of wooden windows and giving more effort to negotiations and cooperation with suppliers.

European legal history, as a field of scientific enquiry, is a relatively young discipline that can trace its roots back to the German jurist Savigny, whose work on the jurists of the medieval ius commune is commonly seen as the first of its kind. As one of the foremost German scholars of the nineteenth century and a fierce opponent of German codification, Savigny laid the foundation for generations of subsequent historians, not only in terms of the scope, but also in terms of the method of enquiry. Thus, in the generations after Savigny, European legal history tended to be approached in terms of general narratives charting the development of the European legal order through successive historical epochs. Within these narratives, jurists played a prominent role. Thus, the creation of the legal order of Europe was based upon a translatio studii from the Roman jurists via the medieval ius commune to civil codes of the nineteenth century. By grouping jurists into “schools” or “movements”, modern commentators, so it was argued, were able to assess the impact of these on the narrative of European legal history. Although, since the end of the Second World War, this narrative has become more nuanced, the jurists remain central to it. This has had a number of consequences. The main consequence of this focus on jurists (mostly academic figures teaching at universities) has been the marginalisation of legal practice and legal practitioners in the narrative of European legal history. And yet, as recent research on the rise of central courts in Europe has shown, legal practice clearly had an impact on the development of the European legal order. In light of these insights, this thesis seeks to contribute to the narrative of European legal history by focusing not on the works of academic jurists, but on the activities of legal practitioners. This statement requires delimitation. Rather than focusing on a number of legal practitioners over a long period of time, this thesis will focus on a single legal practitioner who flourished during a specific period in European history using the principles of a microhistory. The individual in question is the French lawyer Nicolas Bohier (1469-1539). The reasons for this specific focus are twofold. First, a focus on a specific individual and his works allows for greater scrutiny in depth, thus providing a counterbalance to (and also a means of testing and verifying) the broad sweep accounts found in most works on European legal history. In second place, Nicolas Bohier and his oeuvre cry out for a critical analysis and, until now, remain largely unstudied. As a practising lawyer and eventually president of the regional court of Bordeaux, Bohier was at the coalface of French legal practice in the sixteenth century. As a prolific writer and editor, Bohier left a rich corpus of work consisting of records of decisions of the court in Bordeaux, legal opinions as well as customs of the region. Furthermore, sixteenth-century France is a particularly exciting topic of investigation. This period not only saw the rise and solidification of Royal authority, but also saw the beginning of the homologation of customary law in France. On an intellectual level, the sixteenth century saw the rise of “legal humanism”, a particularly controversial intellectual movement in the context of European legal history as shown by recent research. This then brings us to the central point of this thesis. If, during the sixteenth century, the medieval ius commune was being replaced by “national” legal orders across Europe, as the general surveys of European legal history state, the works of a legal practitioner would show it much more clearly than the works of academic jurists. This thesis will therefore examine Bohier’s use of the term ius commune across his works to assess not only his understanding of the term, but also to assess how this concept operated in relation to other “sources of law”, for example statute and custom. Although the results of a microhistory study should not be generalised too far, it will permit us to interrogate the general narratives of European legal history of the early modern period.

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Allen M. Featherstone / The objective of this thesis is to determine if contract farming of fresh strawberries in Oceanside California is financially feasible. This is being considered as an alternative to managing the 185 acre fresh strawberry farm. The farming business is owned by a large fresh fruit marketing firm. As an independent custom grower I would not be subject to the same constraints as the marketing firm. No changes to management structure or product quality would be necessitated by this change. Assumptions for this study are specific to operating requirements for producing winter strawberries in North San Diego County in California. The cultural practices described and inputs used are considered to be usual for a well-managed commercial farm. The cost and returns are based upon actual historical data and representative of similar if not exact cultural practices and material inputs. The conceptual model used to guide the development of this study was taken from a generic feasibility study framework. It served as a controlled process to analyze the situation and determine the financial outcomes. The economic and financial viability analysis includes costs and returns per acre, monthly cash costs, sensitivity analysis, and overall profitability. The method used to assess the dimensions of viability was to weight them by evaluating key characteristics for relative strengths and weaknesses. The recommendation based upon this assessment is that the overall viability of the proposal is more than 80% and therefore merits the development of a comprehensive business plan.

O ambiente competitivo no qual as empresas estão inseridas é caracterizado por mudanças frequentes na demanda de seus produtos e por uma necessidade em reduzir custos. Para obter sucesso frente à concorrência, se faz necessário alcançar resultados através da melhoria do processo produtivo, oferecendo respostas mais rápidas a variações na demanda e com uma utilização adequada dos recursos produtivos. Neste contexto, a utilização de softwares Advanced Planning and Scheduling com regra personalizada de programação possibilita melhoria no planejamento e programação da empresa no sentido dos objetivos citados. A partir disso, este trabalho propõe uma sistemática de desenvolvimento e implantação de regras de programação personalizadas. Após, é apresentada aplicação de um caso prático no qual foram detalhadas todas as etapas propostas na sistemática, desde o entendimento das necessidades da empresa até a avaliação dos resultados obtidos. / The competitive environment in which firms operate is characterized by frequent changes in product demand and a necessity to reduce costs. To succeed against the competition, it is necessary to gain competitive advantage by improving the production process, providing faster responses to changes in demand and proper use of productive resources. In this context, the use of Advanced Planning and Scheduling software with custom programming rule allows improved planning and programming company towards the objectives mentioned. This study proposes a systematic development and deployment of custom programming rules, next it is presented a case study which detail the stages proposed in the systematic, from the understanding of the business requirement until the evaluation of results.

Xilinx Virtex II Pro FPGA with integrated PowerPC core offers an opportunity to implementing a software and hardware codesign. The software application executes on the PowerPC processor while the FPGA implementation of hardware cores coprocess with PowerPC to achieve the goals of acceleration. Another benefit of coprocessing with the hardware acceleration core is the release of processor load. This thesis demonstrates such an FPGA based software and hardware codesign by implementing a real time video processing project on Xilinx ML310 development platform which is featured with a Xilinx Virtex II Pro FPGA. The software part in this project performs video and memory interface task which includes image capture from camera, the store of image into on-board memory, and the display of image on a screen. The hardware coprocessing core does a contrast enhancement function on the input image. To ease the software development and make this project flexible for future extension, an Embedded Operating System MontaVista Linux is installed on the ML310 platform. Thus the software video interface application is developed using Linux programming method, for example the use of Video4Linux API. The last but not the least implementation topic is the software and hardware interface, which is the Linux device driver for the hardware core. This thesis report presents all the above topics of Operating System installation, video interface software development, contrast enhancement hardware implementation, and hardware core’s Linux device driver programming. After this, a measurement result is presented to show the performance of hardware acceleration and processor load reduction, by comparing to the results from a software implementation of the same contrast enhancement function. This is followed by a discussion chapter, including the performance analysis, current design’s limitations and proposals for improvements. This report is ended with an outlook from this master thesis.

O ambiente competitivo no qual as empresas estão inseridas é caracterizado por mudanças frequentes na demanda de seus produtos e por uma necessidade em reduzir custos. Para obter sucesso frente à concorrência, se faz necessário alcançar resultados através da melhoria do processo produtivo, oferecendo respostas mais rápidas a variações na demanda e com uma utilização adequada dos recursos produtivos. Neste contexto, a utilização de softwares Advanced Planning and Scheduling com regra personalizada de programação possibilita melhoria no planejamento e programação da empresa no sentido dos objetivos citados. A partir disso, este trabalho propõe uma sistemática de desenvolvimento e implantação de regras de programação personalizadas. Após, é apresentada aplicação de um caso prático no qual foram detalhadas todas as etapas propostas na sistemática, desde o entendimento das necessidades da empresa até a avaliação dos resultados obtidos. / The competitive environment in which firms operate is characterized by frequent changes in product demand and a necessity to reduce costs. To succeed against the competition, it is necessary to gain competitive advantage by improving the production process, providing faster responses to changes in demand and proper use of productive resources. In this context, the use of Advanced Planning and Scheduling software with custom programming rule allows improved planning and programming company towards the objectives mentioned. This study proposes a systematic development and deployment of custom programming rules, next it is presented a case study which detail the stages proposed in the systematic, from the understanding of the business requirement until the evaluation of results.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-09-13T18:45:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique_Zanelato_2018.pdf: 966050 bytes, checksum: c45242d719cfbd0cf89a2fc1bb5be4d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T18:45:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique_Zanelato_2018.pdf: 966050 bytes, checksum: c45242d719cfbd0cf89a2fc1bb5be4d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The following research deals with the investigation of one of the most important questions concerning skeptical doctrine: the possibility of conciliation between the teaching pronounced in school and practical life. By refusing all dogmatic doctrines, due to the skeptical conclusion that they invalidate each other, since each supposes to have reached a truth that opposes the other, the skepticism prescribes the epoché, or suspension of judgment. In this sense, the skeptics take effort, then, to construct a discourse of opposition to all other schools, showing the fragility of each and every position in any subject. Due to the residual indecision after the suspension of the judgment, skeptics are accused of not being able to act because the epoché prevents them from making any decision, however simple it may be. However, skeptics make some recommendations on this, deviating the suspension from this scope and suggesting a maintenance of the common customs of the people to which they belong. We seek to understand, therefore, how these two apparently paradoxical aspects of the skeptical doctrine harmonize: at one side, the consequences of a corrosive discourse, always willing to highlight the present contradictions between the dogmatic affirmations; on the other, the advice of admitting and preserving their own customs and laws, even knowing them to be relative and incomplete. For that, this research covers a series of elements, ranging from the early skeptics, Greeks and Romans, to the Renaissance, Montaigne in particular, as well as a study on the main authors who raised criticisms focused on this specific problem. / A pesquisa a seguir trata da investigação de uma das mais importantes questões referentes à doutrina cética: a possibilidade ou não de conciliação entre o ensinamento proferido pela escola e a vida prática. Por recusar todas as doutrinas chamadas dogmáticas, devido à conclusão cética de que elas se invalidam entre si, já que cada uma supõe ter alcançado uma verdade que opõe a de outra, o ceticismo prescreve a epoché, ou suspensão do juízo. Nesse sentido, os céticos se esforçaram, então, em construir um discurso de oposição a todas as outras escolas, mostrando a fragilidade de toda e qualquer posição, em qualquer assunto. Devido à indecisão restante após a suspensão do juízo, os céticos são acusados de não poderem agir porque a epoché os impede de tomar qualquer decisão, por mais simples que seja. No entanto, os céticos fazem algumas recomendações quanto a isso, afastando a suspensão desse âmbito e sugerindo a manutenção dos costumes comuns do povo ao qual pertencem. Buscamos compreender, portanto, como se harmonizam esses dois aspectos aparentemente paradoxais, próprios à doutrina cética: por um lado, as consequências de um discurso corrosivo, sempre disposto a destacar as contradições presentes entre as afirmações dogmáticas; por outro, o conselho de admitir e conservar os próprios costumes e leis, mesmo sabendo-os relativos e incompletos. Para isso, a pesquisa abrange uma série de elementos, que vai desde os primeiros céticos, gregos e romanos, até os renascentistas, Montaigne em especial, bem como um estudo sobre os principais autores que levantaram críticas focadas nesse problema específico.