Bakgrund: Skolios är en ryggradskrökning och det är viktigt att hitta orsaken då behandlingen är beroende av skoliosens utseende. Röntgenundersökningar bör endast användas när behandling av skoliosen övervägs då onödiga stråldoser bör undvikas. Ju mer strålning en patient får på sig desto större risk för cellskada. Röntgensjuksköterskor bör alltid arbeta för att försöka minimera stråldosen vid röntgenundersökningar. Syfte: Syftet med aktuell studie var att jämföra olika skoliosundersökningar på två röntgenavdelningar för att fastställa om någon skillnad i stråldos uppstod mellan dem. Frågeställning: Är det någon stråldosskillnad mellan en konventionell skoliosundersökning och en skoliosundersökning med genomlysningsutrustning? Metod: I ett konventionellt undersökningsrum och i ett genomlysningsrum tillfrågades 30 patienter om längd samt vikt och undersökningens Dos Area Produkt (DAP)-värde dokumenterades. Patienternas DAP-värden jämfördes efter Body Mass Index (BMI). Medelvärdet av den effektiva dosen räknades ut vid båda modaliteterna. Båda undersökningarna utfördes även på ett Aldersonfantom. Undersökningarna utfördes enligt sjukhusens metodböcker. Hela DAP-värdet skrevs ner. Även vid fantomundersökningarna räknades effektiva dosen ut. Resultat: Konventionella undersökningsutrustningen gav mer än fyra gånger så höga stråldoser än genomlysningsutrustningarna. Både vid patient- och fantomundersökningarna visades stråldosskillnad mellan de två modaliteterna och vid patientundersökningen ökade skillnaden med ökat BMI. Effektiva dosen för patientundersökningarna var tre gånger så hög med konventionell undersökningsutrustning. Slutsats: Undersökning med genomlysningsutrustning gav en avsevärt lägre stråldos än konventionell undersökningsutrustning dock går det inte att säga att den är optimal då bildkvaliteten inte undersökts.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:29:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2147_1.pdf: 1404771 bytes, checksum: 6eeb0a6b7cd8b48dc6cd5c2f50e82320 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / A região Nordeste do Brasil foi durante muito tempo esquecida por apresentar grande parte de sua extensão formada por vegetação tipicamente seca. Atualmente esta idéia vem sendo posta de lado, pois este bioma tem revelado uma imensa diversidade com várias plantas usadas com finalidade medicinal. Duas espécies amplamente utilizadas por populações locais são Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. conhecida popularmente como Aroeira do Sertão e Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn. de nome vulgar Quixabeira ou Rompe Gibão. A população usa as cascas dos caules desses vegetais para preparar extratos utilizados principalmente para o tratamento de inflamações do trato genital feminino e também como cicatrizante. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de verificar se os parâmetros biométricos (diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), espessura da casca e altura) influenciam a produção de taninos nestas duas espécies, o que pode contribuir na identificação de indicadores que direcionem a indústria farmacêutica a coletar amostras com alto rendimento de taninos, bem como subsidiar estratégias de coleta sustentável. O método de difusão radial foi utilizado para obtenção dos teores de taninos, pois é ideal quando se utiliza um grande número de amostras. O método de Folin-Ciocalteu foi utilizado com algumas amostras representativas das classes diamétricas de cada espécie com a finalidade de comparar os resultados com os obtidos por difusão radial. Os parâmetros biométricos altura, diâmetro à altura do peito e espessura da casca do caule não influenciaram a produção de taninos nas espécies estudadas. Foi observado em M. urundeuva teor médio de 7,88 ± 1,71, já para S. obtusifolium a média dos teores foi de 2,32 ± 0,83. O diâmetro à altura do peito e a espessura da casca se relacionaram positivamente de maneira linear, sendo esta relação maior para a espécie Sideroxylon obtusifolium. O método de difusão radial pode ser utilizado com segurança já que este se apresentou eficaz, não necessita de equipamentos sofisticados, é de fácil execução e possui baixo custo. A partir do exposto, propõe-se que a coleta de cascas do caule seja realizada em indivíduos de maior porte, ou seja, maior diâmetro à altura do peito, já que estes podem suportar melhor a pressão extrativista. Além disso, como a espessura das cascas não explica maiores teores de taninos e plantas com maior diâmetro tendem a apresentar cascas mais espessas, estas podem oferecer maior quantidade de biomassa podendo reduzir a extensão do dano extrativista

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:20:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rogerio_Piva_Silva_Dissertacao.pdf: 8318421 bytes, checksum: c97e049fac53ac9deea57913050e9774 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-27 / Rheingantz Factory, founded in 1873 in Rio Grande, was a pioneer in industrialization in Rio Grande do Sul. The complex, which through the factory production helped to boost the local economy, is abandoned since the activity began to decline in the late 1960s. As a consequence, it starts to house unemployed and be vandalized. The neglect and degradation that has been suffering, shows that if nothing is done quickly, you can lose the only place industrial city of Rio Grande do Sul, which still retains some of its structure built. In order to provide a distinctive dimension to the agents and asset managers in making decisions, this study aims to measure the value assigned by society to the factory Rheingantz. For this, it will be used the contingent valuation method based on Pearce, Paglioli, among others. The economic valuation is justified by the need to make choices between what is essential to preserve and what is not, because of scarce resources. To this end, this study was conducted by the method of deductive approach, descriptive and field research. We interviewed 500 individuals of whom 87% believed that the plant represents a local identity, 84% should be overthrown as cultural heritage of the Rio Grande and 63% said they are willing to pay / donate for the preservation / conservation of cultural heritage represented by the Rheingantz, resulting in an average willingness to pay R$ 18.96 and total economic value of R$ 5,682,600.00 / A Fábrica Rheingantz, fundada em 1873 na cidade do Rio Grande, foi a pioneira na industrialização no Rio Grande do Sul. Seu complexo, que através da produção fabril ajudou a impulsionar a economia local, encontra-se abandonada desde que sua atividade entrou em declínio ao fim dos anos 1960, abrigando desocupados e sendo alvo de vândalos. O descaso e a degradação que vem sofrendo, evidencia que se nada for feito rapidamente, pode-se perder um dos únicos sítios industriais urbanos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul que ainda mantém parte de sua estrutura edificada. Com o intuito de fornecer uma dimensão distintiva aos agentes e gestores patrimoniais na tomada de decisão, este trabalho tem por objetivo dimensionar o valor atribuído pela sociedade rio-grandina à fábrica Rheingantz utilizando, o método da valoração contingente, fundamentado em Pearce, Pagliola, entre outros. A valoração econômica se justifica em virtude da necessidade de se fazer escolhas entre o que é imprescindível preservar e o que não é - em função dos recursos escassos. Para tanto, este trabalho foi desenvolvido por meio do método de abordagem dedutivo, descritivo e pesquisa de campo. Foram entrevistados 500 indivíduos dos quais, 87% acreditam que a fábrica representa a identidade local, 84% que deve ser tombada como patrimônio cultural do Rio Grande e 63% responderam estarem dispostos a pagar/doar pela preservação/conservação do Patrimônio Cultural representado pela Rheingantz, resultando em uma disposição média a pagar de R$ 4,44 e valor econômico total de R$5.682.600,00

Rhodococcus rhodochrous is an aerobic, non- pathogenic ,gram-positive bacterium that is often used in industries as a biocatalyst.R. rhodochrous DAP 96253 is capable of exhibiting contact-independent inhibition of selected fungal pathogens.The use of R. rhodochrous as a potential biocontrol agent against plant and animal fungi was examined.The fungi tested were Botrytis cinerea,Pseudogymnoascus destructans,Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum’Cigar Tip’ , Rhizopus stolonifer’D1’ ,and other species isolated from berries.Each species was studied to establish the effect of dose (g/cells) and time of exposure to R. rhodochrous.Antifungal inhibition tests were done with the use of dosing,agar diffusion, frozen fermentation paste and exposed slides.Inhibition was observed with B.cinerea,P.destructans,A.flavus and D1,and reduced sporulation was observed with Cigar Tip. The results varied amongst the type of tests used on each target species.

No description available.

Les récepteurs à dépendance constituent une nouvelle classe de récepteurs à activité pro-apoptotique capables en présence de leur ligand de transduire un signal de survie cellulaire et à l’inverse, en absence de ligand d’induire l’apoptose. Parmi ces récepteurs, la famille des récepteurs UNC5H et leur ligand la Nétrine-1 (i.e. UNC5H1-4) sont plus particulièrement impliqués dans la morphogenèse des organes branchés, l’angiogenèse et le guidage axonal mais aussi dans le contrôle de la tumorigenèse et de l’homéostasie. En effet, ces récepteurs et leur ligand seraient capables de contrôler la prolifération et la survie cellulaire car le ligand induirait un état de dépendance des cellules exprimant les récepteurs UNC5H. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence un mode particulier de dérégulation tumorigène de la signalisation apoptotique des récepteurs UNC5H : la surexpression de Nétrine-1. Nous avons montré que l’acquisition de cette surexpression par les cellules tumorales constitue un réel avantage sélectif car cette surexpression permet aux cellules tumorales de s’affranchir de leur dépendance à la Nétrine-1 et ainsi de former des tumeurs voire de former des métastases. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié la signalisation apoptotique des récepteurs UNC5H grâce à un crible d’ARNinterférence et 47 nouveaux effecteurs potentiels de l’apoptose sont actuellement en cours de caractérisation. Parmi eux, le complexe PP2A/PR65β a été caractérisé comme essentiel à l’apoptose induite par le récepteur à dépendance UNC5H2 et plus particulièrement dans la régulation de l’angiogenèse médiée par le couple UNC5H2/Nétrine-1. / Dependence receptors are a new class of pro-apoptotic receptor able to induce a survival signal in presence of their ligand and, on the opposite site to induce apoptosis in abaence of their ligand. Among them, UNC5H receptors (i.e UNC5H1-4) and their ligand Netrin-1 are implicated in morphogenesis of branched organs, angiogenesis and nervous system development but also in tumorigenesis control and homeostasis regulation. Indeed, this couple of ligand/receptors could control proliferation and cell survival by inducing a state of cellular dependance to the ligand presence for cell expressing UNC5H receptors. First, we have discovered a particular tumorigenic inhibition of UNC5H apoptotic activity due to Netrin-1 overexpression by tumor cells. In this context we have shown that this overexpression is a selective advantage for tumor cells as they loss their dependence to Netrin-1 and could (i) survive and proliferate without any ligand limitation and could also (ii) migrate and form metastasis. In a second part, we started to study UNC5H apoptotic pathway using and RNAi screening and 47 new potential effectors have been identified. Among them, PR65β/PP2A complex have been characterised as an essential actor of UNC5H2 induced apoptosis through the regulation of DAP-kinase by phosphorylation and particularly in angiogenesis regulation mediated by UNC5H2/Netrin-1.

The aim of the work is the design and implementation of two circuit boards delivering learning platforms, which will consist of two separate circuit boards with ARM MCU and a programmable FPGA gate array that will be interconnectable and appropriately complemented by peripherals. These platforms will be developed by analysing current teaching and development platform solutions and then demonstrating on practical examples. The main benefit of this work should be update and simplification of existing equipment. At the same time, there is an emphasis on greater transparency of the whole solution, so that it is not too complicated for an aspiring student to familiarise himself with modern micro-controllers and programmable gate arrays and can link the simpler units into more complex ones, where the individual boards can be used as separate working units and their interconnection will provide a computationaly stronger yet more complex device.

Recent evaluations have demonstrated the ability of the bacteria Rhodococcus rhodochrous DAP 96253 to inhibit the growth of molds associated with plant and animal diseases as well as post-harvest loss of fruits, vegetables and grains. Pre-pilot-scale fermentations (20-30L) of Rhodococcus rhodochrous DAP 96253 were employed as a research tool with the goal of producing a practical biological agent for field-scale application for the management of white-nose syndrome (WNS) in bats and post-harvest fungal losses in several fruit varieties. Several key parameters within the bioreactor were evaluated for the potential to increase production efficiency as well as activity of the biocatalyst. These parameters included elapsed fermentation time, dissolved Oxygen, and carbohydrate concentration of which increased carbohydrate concentration at the time of harvest was shown to have a negative impact on the catalyst activity. In addition, process improvements including utilization of a liquid inoculum, an autoinduction feed strategy, and increased glucose concentration in the feed medium increased fermentation yields to 100-150g/L, while the biocatalyst efficiency was increased from previous work. To increase production efficiency, a multi-bioreactor scheme was developed that used a seed bioreactor and subsequent production tank, which doubled run yields per production cycle. Amidase, cyanidase, urease, and alkene-monoxygenase activity were monitored throughout the study as potential indicators for the multi-faceted mechanism of fungal antagonism. Of these amidase, cyanidase, and urease were demonstrated to be more elevated in cells that showed antifungal activity than those that did not. This study represents the first example of a reproducible pre-pilot plant-scale biomanufacturing process for a contact-independent biological control agent for established and emerging fungal pathogens of plants and animals, and facilitates large-scale production for broad application.

This study examined 180 matched pretest/posttest surveys of kindergarten teachers' perceptions of the transition children experienced upon kindergarten entry. Investigations of changes in the percentages of children perceived as not being ready for kindergarten and percentages of children who were rated as having had a very successful, moderately successful, or difficult transition from the pretest to the posttest were conducted. Additionally, changes in teachers' developmentally appropriate beliefs and practices from the beginning of the school year (pretest) to the end of the school year (posttest) were explored. Further analyses were conducted to find differences and associations between teacher and classroom demographics and changes from pretest to posttest. Teachers' developmentally appropriate beliefs were statistically significantly higher at the beginning of the school year (pretest) as compared to the end of the school year (posttest). Conversely, teachers' developmentally appropriate practices were statistically significantly higher at the end of the school year (posttest) when compared to the beginning of the school year (pretest). Even with the increase in teachers' developmentally appropriate practices at the end of the year, consistent with previous research, teacher's beliefs were found to be more developmentally appropriate than their reported practices. Study findings indicated that teachers reported a significantly higher percentage of children as having had a difficult transition at the beginning of the school year when compared to the end. At the beginning of the year, teachers rated 21.9% of children as having had a difficult transition, compared to 17.4% of children at the end of the school year. Some teachers reported 100% of the children in their class had a difficult transition at both the beginning and end of the school year. Overall, just under 60% of children were perceived as having some problems with kindergarten entry. Findings also indicated that teachers reported a significantly higher percentage of children were not ready for kindergarten entry at the beginning of the school year than at the end of the school year. Teachers perceived 27% of children were not ready for kindergarten at the beginning of the school year, with 22.4% of children rated as not ready at the end of the school year. Again, some teachers perceived 100% of their children as not being ready at both the beginning and end of the school year. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research were discussed.