本研究乃針對董監事異動進行分析探討，主要議題有二，第一項議題為董監事異動之決定性因素，而另一項議題為董監事異動後對經營績效之影響。在影響董監事異動的決定因素中，首先探討公司前期經營績效與董監事異動之關聯性，以分析經營績效不佳是否為發生董監事異動的因素之一，接著分析股權結構如何影響董監事異動。最後再探討董監事異動後之經營績效是否得以改善。 本研究以2000年到2008年間上市(櫃)公司為研究對象，以董監事是否發生異動與董監事異動比率作為董監事異動變數以對上述關係加以探討。實證結果發現，前期經營績效與董監事異動為顯著負相關，意謂前期經營績效差時，會導致董監事異動之發生。且機構投資人持股與董監事異動為顯著正相關，當機構投資人持股比率高，董監事異動增加，說明機構投資人發揮其監督功能。不過，本研究未能發現在董監事異動後，公司績效有顯著的提升。 / This paper examines the determinants of board director turnover behavior and whether board director turnover signals the firm performance of subsequent period. The empirical findings show that board director of firms with poor firm performance and high institution ownership are more likely to have turnovers. While there is no relationship between the frequency of board director turnover and improvement in firm performance.

<p>Denna rapport beskriver utvecklingen av examensarbetet som utfördes på uppdrag av BrandEx Brandtätningar AB. Ett företag som brandskyddar byggnader, fartyg, oljeplattformar med mera. En officiell webbsida och en CD-ROM-produktion skapades åt företaget. </p><p>Webbsidan konstruerades i webbredigeringsprogrammet Macromedia Dreamweaver 4 och CD-ROM-produktionen i multimedieprogrammet Macromedia Director 7. Det använda materialet innehöll bilder och PDF-filer som BrandEx hade i sitt arkiv, men mycket nytt skapades, exempelvis animeringar och egna musikstycken. Webbsidan gjordes enligt önskemål från BrandEx med en enkel ochstilren design. CD-ROM-produktionen skapades under friare förhållanden med avseende på innehåll och design. Innehållet blandades med animeringar, en videofilm, bilder, text, ljud och musik. </p><p>Både webbsidan och CD-ROM-produktionen gjordes mer som produktionsmallar åt BrandEx. De skall själva kunna uppdatera dessa med ny information. BrandEx kommer att ge ut CD:n till kunder och andra intressenter som vill veta mer om företaget och om brandskydd. Den skall distribueras kostnadsfritt. Webbsidan kommer att vara den centrala informationsplatsen för BrandEx i Sverige. </p> / <p>This report describes the process of the examination work that was made after an offer from BrandEx Brandtätningar AB. A company that fireprotects buildings, ships, oil platforms and so on. An official web site and a CD-ROM-production were created for the company. </p><p>The web site was constructed in the web editing software Macromedia Dreamweaver 4 and the CD-ROM-production in the authoring tool for multimedia production Macromedia Director 7. The used material contained pictures and PDF-files from BrandEx archives, but lot of new material was created, for instance animations and own music tracks. The web site was made according to the wishes from BrandEx in a simple and pure design style. The CD-ROM-production was created under rather free conditions concerning content and design. The content was mixed with animations, a video, pictures, text, sounds and music. </p><p>Both the web site and the CD-ROM-production were made more like production templates for BrandEx. They will be able to update with new information by themselves. BrandEx will issue the CD to customers and other partners that want to know more about the company and about fireprotections. It will be freely distributed. The web site will be the central place of information for BrandEx in Sweden.</p>

<p>Detta examensarbete är gjort åt ingenjörsfirman Navo AB i Karlstad. Syftet med arbetet är att förvandla och återskapa en befintlig instruktionsbok i pappersform till en komplett interaktiv presentation med 3D-animationer skapade i Cult3D. En metodik för att skapa instruktions-boken ska utarbetas, samt utreda vilka möjligheter Cult3D har för arbetet. Det mesta av materialet är hämtat från elektroniska källor. </p><p>Rapporten delas in i två delar: en teoridel och en utförandedel. Teoridelen presenterar de använda programmen och beskriver dess funktioner med tyngdpunkt på Cult3D. Denna 3D-motor har med fotorealistiska ytor, användarvänlighet och möjligheten att komma närmare verkligheten, snabbt blivit världsledande inom interaktiv 3D-grafik. Den praktiska delen beskriver hur instruktionsboken tagit form, hur programvarorna använts och hur de beslut bakom tekniska- och designmässiga lösningar tagits. </p><p>Resultatet blev en fullt funktionerlig, interaktiv instruktionsbok med illustrativa Cult3D-objekt. Den är färdig att användas vid en arbetsstation från antingen CD-media eller lokal hårddisk. </p> / <p>This degree project is made for the engineering firm Navo AB in Karlstad. The aim of the report is to turn an existing paper manual into an interactive presentation with 3D animations created in Cult3D. A method to create the manual will be prepared and to find out which possibilities Cult3D has for the work. Mostof the material in the report is taken from various electronic sources. </p><p>The report is divided in two parts: a theory and a practical part. The theory part presents the used software and describes their functions with more detailed information about Cult3D. This 3D motor has rapidly been world leading within interactive 3D graphics because of its user ability, photo realistic surfaces and the possibility to reach reality. How the manual took shape is described in a practical part. It describes how the software has been used and the decisions behind the design and technical solutions. </p><p>The result was a fully functional, interactive manual with illustrative Cult3D objects. It is ready to use at a workstation from either a CD or a local harddrive.</p>

<p>This degree project is made for Sundbyholms Golf&Country Club in Eskilstuna. The aim of the report is to produce a website which include a golf course interactive guide and an online game. Programs that have been used during the project are Adobe Photoshop, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Macromedia Director, Discreet 3DS Max and the plug-in 3DS Max Exporter. The choice of programs are based on experience and knowledge from the university education Media and Communication Engineering at Linköping University. </p><p>The golf course guide contains a 2D-guide (image) and a 3D-guide (interactive image). The guides have an image overview of each hole, with liked key points to photograph’s. The photos gives the user a physical view of the course. In the 3D-guide the visitor can “look around” in the view. The interactiv photo is created in 3DS Max combined with Director. The online game, Minituregolf, was programed in Directors own language Lingo.</p>

<p>Business has seen tremendous growth through internationalization over the last several decades.  As  one  of  the  strategies  for  companies  to  internationalize,  acquisition  has since then been a well-studied subject. Various steps have to be gone through in order to  acquire  a  company.  Afterwards,  companies  need  to  take  different  measures  to ensure  the  success  of  the  acquisition.  Culture  is  usually  considered  as  the  most important  aspect  which  determines  post-acquisition  success.  The  purpose  of  this master dissertation is to thus investigate company’s internationalization via acquisition regarding    the    pre-acquisition    decision-making    and    post-acquisition    cultural management. The  theoretical  framework  consists  of  literature  of  pre-acquisition  decision-making process and post-acquisition culture management. These theories are put together in an analytical  model  where  possible  connections  are  intended  to  achieve.  It  will  also  be used as a foundation in gathering and analyzing the empirical data.   In  a  qualitative  approach,  the  empirical  data  was  gathered  through  semi-structured interview with the president of Getinge International Group. These findings were also complemented with secondary data such as corporate websites, documents and various scientific articles. The findings of the study show that planning, evaluating, negotiating, making the deal and    integration    are    the    five    essential    steps    concerning    the    process    of internationalization  through  acquisition.  The  authors  find  out  that  identifying  of acquisition  candidates  is  not  necessarily  a  part  of  pre-acquisition  as  the  theory  may suggest.  The  distinction  between  bolt-on  and  platform  acquisition  is  of  critical importance to determine the different criteria and procedure certain company is going to take. This proves to be much more practical, where theoretical support has not been fully established. Both national and corporate cultures are of crucial importance for the success of company’s post-acquisition culture management. According to the finding of this research, two factors seem to link pre and post acquisition process; one is the planning of how future organization is managed; the other is the appropriate choice of managing director.</p>

<p>Denna rapport beskriver och undersöker olika sätt att använda online 3D i webbpresentationer. 3D ställs emot vad som ibland brukar kallas 2,5D (Man fotograferar en produkt ur olika vinklar för att få en serie med bilder som kan ge en fiktiv 3D upplevelse). Rapporten ger bakgrund och historia över online 3D teknologi, ger en översikt över marknaden för online produktpresentationer idag och försöker ge en ögonblicksbild av situationen i andra kvartalet 2007 över en snabb föränderlig marknad. Fyra olika 3D system ställs mot varandra med hjälp av praktiska kodexempel och avslutas med en helhetslösning för dynamisk generering av webbsidor. Målgruppen är programmerare och webbutvecklare som tar fram material för små och medelstora företag.</p>

<p>This thesis addresses the problem of how it is possible to understand the governing system for the school sector by studying how the relationship between the government and municipalities comes to the fore in the position held by the directors of education, who are the administrative directors of education in the municipalities. In order to put the position of the directors of education in its place in the government´s system for adminsitrating the school sector, we have studied how this office developed to be a part of the central adminsitration of school acivities in the municipalities. The study includes an analysis of how the position and function of this office changes up until the 1990´s, as well as what experiences the directors of education who serverd during the 1990´s had of the control and adminsitration of matters in the school sector.</p><p>The empirical material of the study consists partly of documents and litterature - particularly hostoric texts, and partly of a questionnaire and interviews. The questionnaires have been carried out among all of the directors of education that served during the whole 1990´s. The results of the study show that the changes in the government´s system for governing the school sector have rendered the system itself seomwhat obscure. Positions of responsibility have not become clear. Hidden control becomes visible by the way in which economic issues are handled and by the existence of the agreement on school development - both of which are control instruments in the school sector, but not parts of the national control and adminsitration system. Underpressure has been developed in which the government, through its decrees, has strengthened the school level in issues that need to be solved in the municipal level in the present system, whithout the municipal level actually beeing strengthening.</p>

The purpose of this study was to identify the specific advanced clarinet techniques in which further knowledge is required and to provide a resource for band directors to aid in the instruction of these techniques. In order to determine results, a survey was administered to high school band directors who are members of the Florida Bandmasters Association (N = 131). Sixteen band compositions were selected based on survey responses for analysis of technical challenges ranging from grade levels 4-6 on the Florida Bandmasters Association Concert Music List. The results of the band composition analysis and the survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and topics to be included in the guide were chosen based on these results. The first part of this essay details the need for the study, a review of literature, the method of the study, the results of the study and a summary/conclusions section which includes implications for further research. The second part of this essay is the resource guide for band directors. The topics that were selected to be included in the guide are: Embouchure, Tone, Intonation and Tuning, Hand Position and Finger Technique, The Break, Altissimo, Articulation, Auxiliary Clarinets and Reeds, Equipment and Care. An appendix is also included which provides further resources for solo repertoire, method and etude books and a discography.

This thesis is based on three empirical studies of the director interlock network among Swedish firms listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, focusing on its consequences for firm behavior and its association with ownership structures. Director interlocks are created when directors serve on, and hence interlock, several boards. Director interlocks aggregate to a social network that not only connects most firms into a single component, but are, more essentially, also shown to affect firm behavior. The introductory chapter contains a review of the director interlock research as well as some suggestions for future research directions. Study I is an examination of the importance of director interlock relations for stock repurchases. Using parametric survival analysis, it is demonstrated that the decision to repurchase stocks is dependent on both the firms’ economic settings and their director interlocks. Study II examines the network impact on recruitment of new board members in the network of firms, directors, and owners. Using simulations, it is shown that directors with personal contact with a director and/or owner of the recruiting firm have a substantially increased probability of being recruited to the focal board. Study III examines the association between ownership and director interlocks. Re-analyses of the same network examined in Study II show that multiple director assignments are highly dependent on ownership interlocks. The three studies exemplify the real-world consequences of board interlocks and field a new understanding of the mechanisms behind their formation. Furthermore, the association between the director and ownership interlocks suggests that the ownership network (co-)produces some of the phenomena that have been attributed to the director network. These results underscore the need for further examination of director interlocks to bring the owners back into the analysis. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>

Business has seen tremendous growth through internationalization over the last several decades.  As  one  of  the  strategies  for  companies  to  internationalize,  acquisition  has since then been a well-studied subject. Various steps have to be gone through in order to  acquire  a  company.  Afterwards,  companies  need  to  take  different  measures  to ensure  the  success  of  the  acquisition.  Culture  is  usually  considered  as  the  most important  aspect  which  determines  post-acquisition  success.  The  purpose  of  this master dissertation is to thus investigate company’s internationalization via acquisition regarding    the    pre-acquisition    decision-making    and    post-acquisition    cultural management. The  theoretical  framework  consists  of  literature  of  pre-acquisition  decision-making process and post-acquisition culture management. These theories are put together in an analytical  model  where  possible  connections  are  intended  to  achieve.  It  will  also  be used as a foundation in gathering and analyzing the empirical data.   In  a  qualitative  approach,  the  empirical  data  was  gathered  through  semi-structured interview with the president of Getinge International Group. These findings were also complemented with secondary data such as corporate websites, documents and various scientific articles. The findings of the study show that planning, evaluating, negotiating, making the deal and    integration    are    the    five    essential    steps    concerning    the    process    of internationalization  through  acquisition.  The  authors  find  out  that  identifying  of acquisition  candidates  is  not  necessarily  a  part  of  pre-acquisition  as  the  theory  may suggest.  The  distinction  between  bolt-on  and  platform  acquisition  is  of  critical importance to determine the different criteria and procedure certain company is going to take. This proves to be much more practical, where theoretical support has not been fully established. Both national and corporate cultures are of crucial importance for the success of company’s post-acquisition culture management. According to the finding of this research, two factors seem to link pre and post acquisition process; one is the planning of how future organization is managed; the other is the appropriate choice of managing director.