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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Estudo da resistência série de fonte e dreno de transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla e com canal tensionado. / Study of the source and drain series resistance in SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors and with strained channel.

Nicoletti, Talitha 11 September 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo do comportamento da resistência série de fonte e dreno em transistores SOI FinFET de porta tripla e com canal tensionado. Nos dispositivos SOI FinFETs há um aumento da resistência série de fonte e dreno devido ao estreitamento dessas regiões, sendo esse parâmetro considerado como uma das limitações quanto à introdução desses dispositivos em tecnologias futuras. O uso de tensão mecânica no canal dos dispositivos surge como alternativa para aumentar a condução de corrente através do aumento da mobilidade dos portadores do canal, reduzindo assim, a resistência total dos transistores e, conseqüentemente, a resistência série de fonte e dreno. Inicialmente, foi feito o estudo de alguns métodos de extração da resistência série de fonte e dreno existentes na literatura, com o objetivo de se obter o mais adequado para aplicação e análise posterior. Esse trabalho foi realizado baseado em resultados experimentais e em simulações numéricas que possibilitaram o entendimento físico do fenômeno estudado. A resistência série de fonte e dreno foi explorada em diferentes tecnologias, como transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla convencionais e sob influência de tensionamento uniaxial e biaxial. O uso do crescimento seletivo epitaxial (SEG) nas regiões de fonte e dreno altamente dopadas das diferentes tecnologias também foi analisado, pois com essa técnica, a resistência série de fonte e dreno é reduzida substancialmente não comprometendo a condução de corrente e a transcondutância. Os resultados obtidos das diferentes tecnologias com e sem o uso de SEG foram analisados e comparados mostrando que em transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla, com crescimento seletivo epitaxial, apresentam o menor valor da resistência série de fonte e dreno mesmo para aqueles sem tensão mecânica na região do canal. / This work presents the study of the source and drain series resistance behavior in standard and strained SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors. In SOI FinFETs transistors there is an increase of the source and drain series resistance due to the narrow of these regions, being this parameter a key limiting factor to the next generations. The use of strained transistors is one of the potential technologies to the next generation high performance because it increase the drive current through an enhance in the carrier mobility, decreasing the transistors total resistance and, therefore, the source and drain series resistance. Initially, a study of some series resistance extraction methods, present in the literature was done, in order to obtain the most appropriate for applications and analysis subsequent. This work was done based on experimental results and numerical simulations, enabling the physical understanding of the phenomenon studied. The series resistance was explored in different technologies, as standard SOI FinFETs triple gates and with uniaxial and biaxial strain. The use of selective epitaxial growth (SEG) in the source and drain regions, with high doping levels, was also studied in the different technologies, because with the use of this technique, the series resistance decreases substantially without compromising the drive current and transconductance. The obtained results from the different technologies with and without the use of SEG were analyzed and compared showing that, SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors with SEG present the lower values of series resistance even for standard devices if compared with strained ones without the use of SEG.
202

Estudo da resistência série de fonte e dreno de transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla e com canal tensionado. / Study of the source and drain series resistance in SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors and with strained channel.

Talitha Nicoletti 11 September 2009 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo do comportamento da resistência série de fonte e dreno em transistores SOI FinFET de porta tripla e com canal tensionado. Nos dispositivos SOI FinFETs há um aumento da resistência série de fonte e dreno devido ao estreitamento dessas regiões, sendo esse parâmetro considerado como uma das limitações quanto à introdução desses dispositivos em tecnologias futuras. O uso de tensão mecânica no canal dos dispositivos surge como alternativa para aumentar a condução de corrente através do aumento da mobilidade dos portadores do canal, reduzindo assim, a resistência total dos transistores e, conseqüentemente, a resistência série de fonte e dreno. Inicialmente, foi feito o estudo de alguns métodos de extração da resistência série de fonte e dreno existentes na literatura, com o objetivo de se obter o mais adequado para aplicação e análise posterior. Esse trabalho foi realizado baseado em resultados experimentais e em simulações numéricas que possibilitaram o entendimento físico do fenômeno estudado. A resistência série de fonte e dreno foi explorada em diferentes tecnologias, como transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla convencionais e sob influência de tensionamento uniaxial e biaxial. O uso do crescimento seletivo epitaxial (SEG) nas regiões de fonte e dreno altamente dopadas das diferentes tecnologias também foi analisado, pois com essa técnica, a resistência série de fonte e dreno é reduzida substancialmente não comprometendo a condução de corrente e a transcondutância. Os resultados obtidos das diferentes tecnologias com e sem o uso de SEG foram analisados e comparados mostrando que em transistores SOI FinFETs de porta tripla, com crescimento seletivo epitaxial, apresentam o menor valor da resistência série de fonte e dreno mesmo para aqueles sem tensão mecânica na região do canal. / This work presents the study of the source and drain series resistance behavior in standard and strained SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors. In SOI FinFETs transistors there is an increase of the source and drain series resistance due to the narrow of these regions, being this parameter a key limiting factor to the next generations. The use of strained transistors is one of the potential technologies to the next generation high performance because it increase the drive current through an enhance in the carrier mobility, decreasing the transistors total resistance and, therefore, the source and drain series resistance. Initially, a study of some series resistance extraction methods, present in the literature was done, in order to obtain the most appropriate for applications and analysis subsequent. This work was done based on experimental results and numerical simulations, enabling the physical understanding of the phenomenon studied. The series resistance was explored in different technologies, as standard SOI FinFETs triple gates and with uniaxial and biaxial strain. The use of selective epitaxial growth (SEG) in the source and drain regions, with high doping levels, was also studied in the different technologies, because with the use of this technique, the series resistance decreases substantially without compromising the drive current and transconductance. The obtained results from the different technologies with and without the use of SEG were analyzed and compared showing that, SOI FinFETs triple gate transistors with SEG present the lower values of series resistance even for standard devices if compared with strained ones without the use of SEG.
203

Esgotamento sanitário a vácuo: descrição e comparações econômicas / Vacum severage technology description and economic evaluation

Resende Filho, Anabi 23 September 2009 (has links)
A escassez de água no planeta já é uma realidade pontual, inclusive já despontando no horizonte, em nosso país, fora do polígono da seca: na região metropolitana de São Paulo, o modelo de adução, a partir de bacias circunvizinhas, está perto de exaurir, pelos custos que esse tipo de solução adotada desde a época do império romano acarreta nas tarifas para o consumidor final. Assim, a busca pelas chamadas soluções racionais têm, cada vez mais, ganhado adeptos e, dentre estas, a que se tem mostrado mais eficiente e mais eficaz é a tecnologia do esgotamento sanitário a vácuo, visto ser a bacia sanitária a responsável por aproximadamente 40% do consumo residencial de água, e por um percentual semelhante também em edifícios comerciais. A partir do estudo de caso no edifício-sede da Secretaria de Orçamento Federal SOF, em Brasília, foi constatada economia de 30% no consumo médio de água, medido em metros cúbicos, depois da implantação do sistema a vácuo - em substituição ao sistema gravitacional, ocorrida em janeiro de 2008 a par de um aumento de apenas 2% no consumo de energia elétrica, medido em kWh, não produzindo ônus, por força do contrato com a concessionária local de eletricidade, do tipo azul. Foram feitas, ainda, comparações com alternativas de abastecimento, quais sejam água de reuso e o aproveitamento de águas pluviais, este mais comum no Brasil embora nitidamente mais recomendável para construções com até dois pavimentos, enquanto aquele, por enquanto, pode ser considerado uma prospecção teórica para as condições de nosso país / The water shortage in the planet is already a punctual reality that is already rising in our country outside the drought polygon (in northeastern part of Brazil). In the metropolitan area of São Paulo the adduction model coming from the neighboring basins is on the brinks of exhaustion, because this kind of solution costs, adopted since the Roman Empire times, brings up to tariffs to the final customer. In this manner, the search for the so called rational solutions has gained more and more followers and among these the one that has shown more efficiency and accuracy is the vacuum sewerage technology, considering that sanitary basin is responsible for almost 40% of the residential water consumption and a similar percentage occurs also in trade buildings. Taking the case study in the headquarter building of Secretaria de Orçamento Federal (SOF), in Brasília, it was verified a 30% economy in the average water consumption, measured in cubic meters, since the vacuum system was established (replacing the gravitational system), on January 2008, informed about only 2% increase in the electricity consumption, measured in kWh, it means that there was no effective increase in the electricity bill, once the local provide company contract, of the blue type, has foretold small oscillations in the supply without deduction on the bill. It was still done some comparative descriptions with others alternatives water supplies, whichever be grey water and rainwater harvesting, this one widely used in Brazil although it is more suggested to up to two floor buildings while the other, for the time being, can be considered as a theoretical prospection in our country
204

The interplay of local cluster development and global inter-cluster brain circulation : a governance perspective in emergent economies

Richter, Cristiano January 2016 (has links)
Clusters de alta tecnologia são vistos como importantes centros de inovação e produção em uma economia atual global e interconectada. Observa-se um maior interesse da comunidade acadêmica pela relação entre o desenvolvimento de clusters de alta tecnologia em economias emergentes e suas conexões globais através da ‘circulação de talentos entre os clusters’ (em inglês, IBC). IBC representa, tipicamente, a difusão e transferência de tecnologias, conhecimentos e práticas através de redes individuais entre clusters emergentes e clusters já estabelecidos, os quais estão globalmente interconectados através dos laços destas redes. O foco deste estudo está no papel controverso da IBC no estímulo ao crescimento e melhoria de clusters maiores/em crescimento versus clusters menores/nascentes. Este estudo tem como objetivo propor formas de governança da IBC para conduzir estes processos nos seus diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento. O contexto empírico investigado está baseado em (a) dois casos consolidados da literatura: as conexões de Bangalore (IN) - Vale do Silício e Hsinchu (TW) - Vale do Silício; e, (b) dois casos originais: as conexões de Daedeok Innopolis (KR) – EUA e Vale dos Sinos (BR) – Coreia. O método de pesquisa utilizado é qualitativo com a aplicação de 26 entrevistas em profundidade como fonte principal de evidência. Com base nos casos estudados, é possível argumentar que os clusters maiores/em crescimento se beneficiam de uma IBC orgânica, estimulada pelas dinâmicas e forças do mercado, enquanto os clusters menores/nascentes dependem de um esforço coordenado devido à falta de atratividade inicial para empresas e indivíduos. Além disto, com vistas à eficácia da IBC no estimulo ao crescimento e melhoria de clusters, também se pode argumentar que a intervenção nas dinâmicas da IBC se reduz ao longo da evolução dos clusters, passando de um esforço coordenado nos estágios iniciais de desenvolvimento do cluster para um processo orgânico da IBC guiado pelo mercado em estágios mais avançados de desenvolvimento. Este estudo tem implicações importantes no entendimento da conectividade de clusters, do papel da governança para o crescimento e melhoria de clusters e das estratégias efetivas de catch-up para economias emergentes. / High-tech clusters are important hubs of innovation and production in an increasingly interconnected global economy. There has been an increasing interest from scholars in the embeddedness of local cluster development, in particular of high-tech industries in emergent economies, and global connectivity, in particular in the dynamics and role of inter-cluster brain circulation (IBC). IBC denotes knowledge, technology and practice diffusion and translation through individual networks between emergent and typically more established clusters that are globally interconnected through these network ties. Of particular interest to this study is the controversial role of IBC in stimulating the growth and upgrading of larger/growing versus smaller/nascent clusters. Using the lens of network governance, this study aims to propose forms of IBC governance for steering these processes. The empirical context of investigation is composed of (a) two prior studies of IBC in the cases of Bangalore (IN) - Silicon Valley and Hsinchu (TW) - Silicon Valley connections and (b) two original empirical cases examining the Sinos Valley (BR) - Korea connection and Daedeok Innopolis (KR) - US connection. A qualitative research method strategy is employed in these two original cases using 26 in-depth interviews across both cases as a source of evidence. Based on the studied cases, it is possible to argue that for larger-scale growing clusters, IBC-growth dynamics may unfold as an ‘organic process’ through self-reinforcing market forces, whereas small-scale embryonic clusters depend on a ‘coordinated effort’ of this process because they lack initial market attractiveness for both individuals and firms. Further, focusing on the effectiveness of IBC in steering the growth and upgrading of clusters, it can also be argued that IBC governance changes through a gradual decreasing in the intervention to stimulate IBC, from a ‘coordinated effort’ in the early stage to a spontaneous increase in the marketdriven process of IBC as an ‘organic process’ in the mature stage of cluster development. This study has important implications for understanding cluster connectivity, the role of governance in cluster growth and upgrading, and the effective catch-up strategies of emerging economies.
205

Fenóis totais no cafeeiro em razão das fases de frutificação e do clima. / Total phenols in the coffee tree due to the fructification phases and the climate.

Salgado, Paula Rodrigues 14 January 2005 (has links)
Os vegetais apresentam defesa natural contra os fatores externos, bióticos e abióticos, por meio da síntese de compostos fenólicos no metabolismo secundário, as quais variam com as fases fenológicas e com o clima. O aumento dos compostos fenólicos nas plantas está, diretamente, relacionado com a resistência à infecção por patógenos e à infestação de pragas. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a variação dos teores dessa substância durante os estádios fenológicos do cafeeiro, em particular, nas fases de frutificação, e em razão das condições climáticas. Tais conhecimentos são fundamentais para a previsão dos riscos de ataques aos vegetais, uma vez que a defesa natural da planta deve mudar ao longo do ciclo. O experimento foi realizado em uma cultura de Coffea arabica L., cultivar Obatã IAC 1669-20, instalada no campo experimental do Departamento de Produção Vegetal, da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba/SP. Para a realização do experimento foi adotado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, utilizando quatro tratamentos (plantas com e sem frutos - folhas dreno e plantas com e sem frutos - folhas fonte) e cinco repetições constituídas por plantas individuais. Após a análise de variância dos resultados foi aplicado o teste t de Student ao nível de 5 % de significância para a comparação das médias entre os tratamentos. Os teores de fenóis totais (µg g-1) foram extraídos das folhas maduras (fonte) e novas (dreno) e analisados em relação à produção de café, fenologia e clima. As variáveis climáticas adotadas foram temperatura atmosférica (média, mínima e máxima; oC), radiação global (MJ m-2 dia-1) e insolação diária (h dia-1). Durante a condução do experimento foram realizadas avaliações de altura da planta (cm), diâmetro do caule (mm) e comprimento de ramos plagiotrópicos (cm) para determinar as respectivas taxas de crescimento vegetativo das plantas. As quantidades de fenóis totais determinadas nas plantas com produção (17.40 µg g-1 e 13.89 µg g-1 folhas dreno e fonte, respectivamente) e sem produção de café (18.65 µg g-1 e 12.76 µg g-1 folhas dreno e fonte, nessa ordem) não variaram. No entanto, a concentração de fenóis totais nas folhas novas (dreno) das plantas com e sem produção de café foi maior que a quantidade determinada nas folhas maduras (fonte), da ordem de 25 % e 46 %, respectivamente. A síntese de fenóis nas fases de expansão (16.35 µg g-1) e granação dos frutos (14.68 µg g-1) foi 31 % inferior em relação às quantidades determinadas na fase de maior produção dessas substâncias - fruto em maturação (21.24 µg g-1). A metabolização de fenóis totais depende, indiretamente, da temperatura (oC) e da radiação global (MJ m-2 dia-1), apresentando tendência inversa em relação a estas variáveis climáticas. A orientação do manejo fitossanitário deve levar em consideração as épocas em que há comprometimento da defesa natural da planta, em relação à produção de substâncias protetivas - os fenóis. / The vegetables show a natural defense against external factors, biotic and abiotic, by the synthesis of the phenolic compounds in the secondary metabolism, which varies with the maturity state and with the climate. The increase of phenolic compounds in the plants is directly related to the resistance to the infection thought pathogens and insect infestation. However, little is known about the variation in the content of this substance during the maturity state of the coffee tree, particularly in the fructification phases due to the climatic variations. Such knowledge is the base for the risks analyses of attacks to vegetables, since the natural defense of the plant shall change during the cycle. The experiment was carried out in a Coffea arabica L. crop, to cultivar Obatã IAC 1669-20, installed in the experimental field of the department of vegetal production of the Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba/SP. For the accomplishment of the experiment it was adopted a totally randomized experimental design, using four treatments (plants with and without fruits - drain leaves and plants with and without fruits - source leaves) and five repetitions consisting of individual plants. After analysing the variance of the results it was applied Student t test at the level of 5 % of significance to compare the averages between the treatments. The total phenol grade (µg g-1) have been extracted from the mature (source) and new (drain) leaves and have been analyzed in relation to the coffee yield, phenology and climate. The climatic conditions adopted were atmospheric temperature (average, minimum and maximum; oC), global radiation (MJ m-2 day-1) and daily insolation (h day-1). During the conduction of the experiment it was analyzed the evaluations of the height (cm), diameter (mm) and length of the reproductive branches (cm) to determine the respective vegetative growth rates of the plants. The determined amounts of total phenols in the plants with production (17.40 µg g-1 and 13.89 µg g-1 drain and source leaves, respectively) and without coffee production (18.65 µg g-1 and 12.76 µg g-1 drain and source leaves, respectively) did not varied. However, the total phenol concentrations in new leaves of the plants with and without coffee production were greater than the amount determined in mature leaves around 25 % and 46 %, respectively. The secondary substance synthesis in the phases of expansion (16.35 µg g-1) and grain filling of the fruits (14.68 µg g-1) was 31% lower than the amounts determined in the phase of the greatest production of these substances - fruit in maturation (21.24 µg g-1). The total phenol metabolization depends indirectly on the temperature (oC) and on the global radiation (MJ m-2 day-1), presenting inverse trend in relation to these climatic variable. The orientation of the crop protection managing shall take into consideration the period when it has endangerment of the natural defense of the plant.
206

Government Senior Executives' Perceptions of Brain Drain on Leadership in the United States Virgin Islands

Jeffers-Knight, Shurla 01 January 2015 (has links)
Highly qualified individuals are leaving the Caribbean and relocating to the United States and other developed countries. Researchers describe this resulting flight of human capital, or brain drain, from the Caribbean as a problem which has no clear definition or immediate solution. This phenomenological study explored perceptions of government senior executives in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) of the cause and impact of brain drain. Burns' and Bass's transformational and transactional leadership theories were used as the framework for this study. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and semistructured interviews with a snowball sample of 10 participants. Data were analyzed using the phenomenological method of thematic coding. Data indicated that leaders perceived a lack of opportunities for educated individuals in the USVI. Government senior executives acknowledged an imbalance in the workforce as the majority of workers are older individuals. Government senior executives recommended an increased budget allotment to educate, retain, and attract younger Virgin Islanders to decrease and prevent brain drain. These results indicate that policymakers and organizational leaders can create positive social change by creating job opportunities and improving the island's physical and social infrastructures, thus, ensuring future organizational success.
207

Baby Boomers Retiring: Strategies for Small Businesses Retaining Explicit and Tacit Knowledge

Facione, Anethra Adeline 01 January 2016 (has links)
More than 35% of the U.S. workforce is composed of Baby Boomers who are eligible to retire within the next 5 years. Despite the potential loss of critical expertise, a gap in knowledge retention exists in small consulting businesses. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective strategies for retaining the tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring employees, to avoid operational knowledge drain. Exploration ensued through semistructured interviews at 2 small consulting businesses in the Washington, DC metropolitan area that are adept at innovatively retaining requisite knowledge. The conceptual frameworks of Bass' transformational leadership and Nonaka's knowledge creation led to the identification of strategies to retain tacit and explicit knowledge of retiring Baby Boomers. Seven small business leaders addressed questions on knowledge types, knowledge stimulation and sharing methods, and retention strategies to provide meaningful responses to the knowledge retention phenomenon. Data analysis included the Colaizzi and modified van Kaam methods of mining, categorizing, organizing, and describing participants' statements. Subsequently, the themes that emerged during the analysis identified reward, communication, and motivation as strategies for knowledge-share and transfer. Succession planning, mentoring, documentation, training, and knowledge sharing also emerged as effective methods for knowledge retention. The findings will contribute to social change by illuminating the roles effective leaders practice to influence and foster knowledge management, offering insight to other small businesses having difficulties remaining sustainable as the operational knowledge of Baby Boomers becomes unavailable as they retire.
208

Transnational Tongans:The Profile and Re-integration of Return Migrants

Liava'a, Viliami Tupou Futuna January 2007 (has links)
This study contributes to the 'unwritten chapter' in migration studies, namely transnational return migration, with specific reference to Tongan migrants who have voluntarily returned to live in Tonga. Return migration of transnational Tongans is not 'permanent' as their mobility pre and post-return is characterised by circulation or repeated return rather than staying at 'home'. In examining the circulation of transnational Tongans, two new forms of return migration are identified -- 'return for career advancement' and 'ancestral return'. These additions to a new typology of return migration represent better the contemporary mobility system of transnational Tongans and suggest a means for addressing 'brain drain' through strengthening the 'Tongan-ness' of the diaspora while simultaneously stimulating economic development in the Kingdom. Despite these positive dimensions of return, re-integration is a 'bumpy' process, and there needs to be a holistic migration strategy if greater numbers in the Tongan diaspora are to return and make their potential contribution to sustainable development in the Island Kingdom.
209

Modelling of nano nMOSFETs with alternative channel materials in the fully and quasi ballistic regimes

Rafhay, Quentin 07 November 2008 (has links) (PDF)
La réduction des dimensions des transistors MOS, brique de base des circuits intégrés, ne permet plus d'augmenter efficacement leurs performances. Une des solutions envisagées actuellement consiste à remplacer le silicium par d'autres semi-conducteurs à haute mobilité (Ge, III-V) comme matériau de canal.<br />A partir de modèles analytiques originaux, calibrés sur des simulations avancées (quantique, Monte Carlo), cette thèse démontre que, à des dimensions nanométriques, les performances attendues de ces nouvelles technologies sont en fait inférieures à celles des composants silicium conventionnels. En effet, les phénomènes quantiques (confinement, fuites tunnel) pénaliseraient davantage les dispositifs à matériaux de canal alternatifs.
210

Procédé laser de réalisation de jonctions ultra-minces pour la microélectronique silicium: étude expérimentale, modélisation et tests de faisabilité

Hernandez, Miguel 25 May 2005 (has links) (PDF)
La réalisation de jonctions ultra-minces et fortement dopées est un enjeu majeur pour poursuivre la miniaturisation des dispositifs microélectroniques. En effet, la réduction de taille du transistor MOS, composant de base de la microélectronique silicium, exige des conditions drastiques notamment sur les caractéristiques dimensionnelles et électriques des zones dopées constituant la source et le drain du transistor. Les technologies utilisées actuellement pour la réalisation de ces couches dopées seront, à court terme, incapables de tenir les spécifications imposées par l'évolution prévue pour les dix années à venir. Au cours de ce travail de thèse nous avons étudié des procédés de dopage par laser, susceptibles de répondre à ces exigences, primordiales pour le bon fonctionnement du MOS. Nous avons disposé pour étudier les procédés de recuit et de dopage, de deux montages expérimentaux qui utilisent deux lasers impulsionnels ayant des caractéristiques temporelles très différentes: un laser industriel VEL 15 XeCl (15J, 200ns) développé et mis à disposition par la société SOPRA dans ses locaux, et un laser, plus conventionnel, Lambda Physik XeCl (200mJ, 20ns), installé à l'IEF. Après avoir présenter les différentes techniques utilisées ou susceptibles d'être utilisées pour la réalisation de jonctions dopées, les dispositifs optiques expérimentaux utilisés dans ce travail ont été décrit en détail, ainsi que les différents phénomènes mis enjeu lors de l'irradiation laser. Des modélisations thermiques ont permis de mieux comprendre les paramètres clés du recuit laser et se sont avéré en bon accord avec de nombreuses caractérisations réalisées. Puis l'intégration du procédé laser aux autres technologies de fabrication du MOSFET a été étudiée et testée. Cette étude a permis d'obtenir des transistors fonctionnels démontrant la possibilité de l'utilisation de techniques laser pour la réalisation de jonctions ultra fines dans la chaîne de fabrication des transistors CMOS.

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