A tessitura deste texto tem seu início no encontro com a obra de Antonin Artaud e nas inquietações que surgem da experiência de uma leitura que se dá como se uma escuta fosse. Escuta-leitura que recolhe nas construções do poeta efeitos de testemunho acerca do momento de queda do sujeito, de desenlace da estrutura, tempo de soltura entre voz e palavra, quando o que emerge é o grito. Percorro, para isso, um caminho de leitura que se pretende um ensaio de escuta da narrativa de Antonin Artaud. Narrativa depositada nas cartas escritas por ele ao longo do seu período de internamento nos manicômios franceses entre os anos de 1937 e 1946. Leitura que toma as cartas como recorte norteador da pesquisa, mas que se mantém em interlocução com elementos de outras produções do poeta que se enlacem à escrita das correspondências. Diante do enclausuramento manicomial, das camisas de força, do eletrochoque, Artaud resistia amarrado à arte. O teatro irá compor um dos principais espaços fora da lógica manicomial. O artista, nas cartas, no teatro, nos poemas ou nos autorretratos, vive a busca por encontrar uma forma de transcrever o que é da ordem do grito. Este estudo acerca da voz e das tentativas de escritura do inominável conduz a uma pergunta auxiliar sobre o corpo. Questão que emerge na experiência clínica ao encontrar, no lugar de palavras articuladas a uma trama discursiva, algo que dá a ver a história de um sujeito através do que no corpo se cifra. Para compor essa trama entre o texto artaudiano e os interrogantes que emergem da clínica, busco nos fios da psicanálise a lalangue – articulador teórico que, em minhas elaborações, enlaça corpo e palavra, voz e escrita. É a partir de lalangue que me inclino em direção à obra de Artaud. Artaud encenou, desenhou, escreveu, gritou o grito. E assim, o grito, vestígio de real que irrompe na cadeia associativa em razão da desarticulação do discurso, pode fazer algo de uma travessia: do vazio da voz desancorada da palavra em um momento de queda do sujeito para um espaço/tempo de endereçamento e existência. Existência que se sustentará corporificada na obra de Artaud. / The woven of this text has its beginning in the work of Antonin Artaud and in the anxiety that arise from the reading-listen experience as if it were a listening. The listening-reading that gathers in the construction of the poet effects of the testimony regarding the moment of the subject fall, of the structure disconnection, of looseness time between the voice and the word, when what arise is the scream. For that, I laid a reading path that is a listening essay in the narrative of Antonin Artaud. This narrative is found in the letters which were wrote by him in his time as an intern in several French mental asylums, from 1937 to 1946. This reading makes his letters as the research compass, but maintain the connection to other work of this poet. Faced with the mental asylum enclosure, the straitjacket and the electro-shock, Artaud remained bound to the art. The theater will compose one of the spaces out of this asylum logic. In the letters, in the theater, in the poems or in the self-portraits, the artist lives to find a way to transcribe what is an scream instance. This study regarding the voice and the writing attempts of the unnamed, leads an auxiliary question about the body. This question arises in the clinical experience which finds, replacing the words from a discursive plot, something else that makes the subject history cyphered in the body. To compose this plot between the plot between the text from Artaud and the questioners that arise from the clinic, I turn to the threads of the lalanage psychoanalyses – theoretical articulator which in my reasoning, connects body and word, voice and writing. Since lalange that I tend to the work of Artaud. Artaud, played, draw, wrote and shout out the scream. With these actions the scream, trace of the real that irrupts in the association chain due to the disarticulation of the speech, can make the passage: from the voice emptiness unanchored from the word during the moment of the subject fall to a time/space of direction and existence. Existence that sustains itself embodied in the work of Artaud.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A articulação entre a psicanálise e a música, mais especificamente a produzida a partir do paradigma de Arnold Schönberg, renovado por John Cage, se mostra emblemática para pensar a constituição do sujeito em Sigmund Freud e Jacques Lacan, bem como para refletir sobre a escuta clínica, o ato analítico enquanto poético, e a escrita pulsional do sujeito como resposta à invocação da voz. O momento de estruturação do sujeito implica a dimensão de musicalidade da linguagem que permite o ato da fala. O sujeito nasce em um ponto em que o significante (simbólico) escreve no real do corpo um possível, um começo, uma marca que invoca uma nota e uma letra, sendo estes os dois aspectos da linguagem: a musicalidade (continuidade) e a fala (descontinuidade em movimento). Este ponto escreve e cria um vazio no sujeito que está e estará sempre em pulsação. Se o real grita caoticamente, é possível que se cante e se musique a vida com a criação de notas singulares, efeito do movimento desejante e de uma escrita pelo circuito da pulsão invocante na partitura já dada pelo Outro e face aos encontros com pedaços de real. A música tem a capacidade de retirar o sujeito de uma surdez de seu próprio desejo, o convocando a recriar a linguagem por seus atos. O paradigma de Schönberg, bem como a música criada a partir deste momento, nos dá a ouvir um saber-fazer com a voz no qual a dimensão equivocante (de equivoco e de invocação) da linguagem pode ressurgir por uma via nova. A transmissão de um saber-fazer com o objeto voz por ele efetuado se apresenta como uma radicalização do efeito de verdade do real, ressoando borromeanamente sobre o simbólico e o imaginário, invocando o momento originário do sujeito, de um começo sempre a recomeçar, que se faz ouvir como uma invocação de musicar a vida de uma maneira ética, estética e poética. É através dos eixos acima expostos que nos é possível sustentar, com Lacan, uma prática clínica orientada para além da repetição em direção a um significante novo. Trata-se de uma orientação que parte dos encontros com o real aos quais o sujeito é confrontado ao acaso visando o movimento renascente pelo qual ele pode re-escutar o inaudito do real contínuo perdido, o que faz com que seu ritmo singular possa ser, uma vez mais e de modo inédito, reinventado. A psicanálise pode ser, portanto, entendida como uma prática invocante, como uma abertura para que o sujeito possa, com entusiasmo, musicar a vida. / The articulation between the psychoanalysis and the music, specifically the one resultant from the paradigm of Arnold Schönberg, which was renewed by John Cage, is emblematic to reflect about the constitution of the subject in the theories of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan as well as to think about the clinical listening, the analytical act as a poetic act, and the driven writing of the subject as an answer to the invocation of the voice. The moment of emergence of the subject involves the aspect of the musicality of the language, which allows the act of speaking. The subject is born in a point in which the significant (symbolic) writes in the real of the body two aspects of the language: the musicality (continuity) and the speech (discontinuity in movement). This point writes and creates an emptiness in the subject that pulses and will always pulse. If the real shouts chaotically, it is possible to sing and to music the life with the creation of singular notes, effect of the desiring movement as well as the writing of the driven circuit made by the invocante drive, in the musical score that is already given by the Other and in relation to the encounters with pieces of the real. The music has the ability to withdraw the subject form a deafness from his/her own desire, convoking him/her to recreate the language through his/her acts. The paradigm of Schönberg gives us to listen a savoir-faire with the object voice in which the equivocatory dimension (of equivocation and invocation) of the language can reappear by a new direction. The transmission of a savoir-faire with the object voice produced by this paradigm can be seen as a radicalization of the effect of truth from the real, borromeanically resounding on the symbolic and the imaginary, invoking the originary moment of the subject, of a beginning to always restart, which can be listened as the invocation to music the life in a ethic, esthetic and poetic way. Therefore, we can support, with Lacan, a clinical practice oriented to overcome the repetition of the same in order to establish the creation of a new significant. In other words, the psychoanalysis can be understood as an invocante practice in which the subject can, with enthusiasm, music his/her life.

The topic of the project has been about the future of luxury mobility and how the brand Rolls-Royce could evolve alongthe technological advancements until the year 2038. As luxury is changing from being about possession to the experience of luxury, the goal was to design a vehicle that could support both new internal and external experiences about the vehicle. The identified obstacle that could limit the scope of new experi- ences in an autonomous vehicle is motion sickness. As cities grow and technology develops the future cities are crowded so personal space, and privacy is being limited.During the process, the tools used varied from form explora- tion through sketching, concept principle testing and finalization in 3d software as well as visualization tools to communicate the proposed solutions. Working out of the Rolls-Royce designstudio provided brand insight but also expertise in the field of color & materials as well as advice on engineering solutions from the design team.The result Rolls-Royce Luxe Nomad is a vehicle for exploring the world outside the urban areas. Going far and beyond in search of new and unique experiences but also making the trip there as enjoyable as possible. The concept provides a solution inspired by high-speed trains that could limit those effects. Through understanding the future customers need of privacy a method of controlling the amount of insight was developed to enhance the user experience and giving them an increased sense of control of their space.

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de propor um sistema de transmissão mecânica baseado em engrenagens cônicas e faciais, de razões de velocidades escalonadas, para uso industrial e no setor da mobilidade. Em virtude do grande desenvolvimento das transmissões compostas por engrenagens faciais nos últimos anos, implementado por centros de pesquisa da área e por indústrias do setor aeronáutico, um dos objetivos deste trabalho foi estender o campo de aplicação dessas engrenagens para outros campos da engenharia. Inicialmente, mostra-se um estudo dos principais tipos de transmissões mecânicas presentes na indústria e, principalmente, no setor da mobilidade; área em que, usualmente, encontram-se os requisitos mais elevados de operação. Além disso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica abordando tópicos importantes relacionados às engrenagens em geral e, mais especificamente, às transmissões cônicas e faciais. Esta revisão serviu de base para a implementação dos algoritmos para modelagem das engrenagens do sistema proposto. Para validar o conceito, um protótipo foi construído e testado, tendo como principal objetivo a comprovação da viabilidade e eficácia do sistema proposto, tanto na transmissão do movimento como na alteração da razão de velocidades. Realizados os testes, observou-se que, efetivamente, o sistema atendeu aos atributos funcionais especificados. Para a construção desse protótipo, as engrenagens envolvidas passaram por um processo de modelagem matemática, seguida pela modelagem sólida em software de CAD e pela fabricação em centro de usinagem. Para complementar o estudo, foi implementada uma rotina baseada nas normas AGMA, com foco na determinação das dimensões do pinhão, componente mais crítico do sistema. Desta forma, este trabalho permitiu avaliar os aspectos funcionais e elaborar um procedimento de projeto das engrenagens que compõem a transmissão proposta, concluindo que esta apresenta características herdadas das engrenagens faciais - facilidade de fabricação com custos competitivos - bem como características que a tornam adequada para operação automática em aplicações com alta taxa de flutuação da carga de trabalho, quais sejam: pequena variação da relação de transmissão e simplicidade do mecanismo de alteração da relação de velocidades. / This work was developed with the aim of propose a multi-speed mechanical gear drive based on face and bevel gears, for industrial and mobility field applications. Because of the recent great development of face gears, implemented by gear research centers and by aeronautical industry, one of the present work objectives was the extension of the application of these gears to other areas. The text begins with a brief review of the most used mechanical transmissions in the industry and, mainly, in the mobility field, where usually are found the higher loading and operation requirements. Also, important topics related to all gear transmissions and, more specifically, to bevel and face gears are presented. This review gave support for the algorithms implemented for the gears modeling. In sequence, for concept validation, a prototype was constructed and tested. The main objective of this prototype was proving that the original concept was viable and effective to transmit motion and change the ratio of velocities. After the tests, it was observed that, effectively, the system attended to specified functional attributes. For prototype construction, the related gears have been mathematically modeled, which was followed by the solid modeling in a CAD software and, finally, by the manufacturing process in a CNC milling machine. To extend the knowledge about the proposed transmission, an algorithm based on AGMA standards was implemented to assist in the analysis process related to the pinions, which are the most critical components of the system. As a result, this work allowed to validate the functional aspects and to elaborate a gear design procedure for the proposed system. Such system presents features inherited from face gears - constructive and manufacturing simplicity, meaning competitive costs -as well as features that make it adequate for automatic operation in high working load floating rates, which are: small ratio of velocities variation and mechanical simplicity of gears changing mechanism.

MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) é um microsistema invasivo, intermediador e interativo que se desenvolve de forma inteligente, versátil e eficiente. Entretanto, a interatividade, característica que o torna altamente atrativo e suas qualidades de leveza, invisibilidade, economia quanto a consumo de energia, robustez e alta confiabilidade são foco de investigação. Através da obtenção dos parâmetros característicos muitos desses aspectos podem ser otimizados. Conseqüentemente, este trabalho se propõe obter os parâmetros característicos necessários ao modelo matemático de atuadores MEMS, baseados em deformação elástica e dinâmica combdrive, de forma a descrever com precisão o comportamento linear destes em nível de sistema. Os parâmetros característicos de MEMS podem ser extraídos no próprio simulador, ou identificados através da manipulação dos dados dos sinais de entrada e saída obtidos na execução de testes modais sobre o protótipo. Quando a identificação é determinística, utiliza sinais de excitação que obedecem a uma boa relação sinal-ruído (SNR-Signal-Noise Rate). Quando a identificação é estocástica utiliza sinais de excitação misturados com ruído. Essas duas formas de identificação podem ser interpretadas como os dois extremos de identificação. A rigor, qualquer procedimento que não esteja em nenhum desses extremos pode ser denominado de identificação “caixa-cinza”. Dessa forma, a proposta deste trabalho investigativo consiste em utilizar a identificação “caixa cinza” para obter os parâmetros característicos dos atuadores eletromecânicos MEMS combinando as vantagens dos procedimentos determinísticos e estocásticos. Sob este propósito, foi feita revisão das propriedades da matéria, conceituação de atuadores, compreensão da visão bottom-up e, finalmente, estudo de modelos estocásticos com entradas exógenas ARX (Autoregressive with Exogenous Inputs) e uso de estimadores recursivos, Mínimos Quadrado e Variável Instrumental. A comparação dos resultados do modelo determinístico produzido através de FEM/BEM permite testar o desempenho entre dois modelos de índoles diferentes. Os resultados obtidos após a coleta de dados, a escolha da representação matemática, a determinação da estrutura do modelo, a estimação dos parâmetros e a validação do modelo das três tipologias de atuadores desenvolvidos: pontes simples, ponte dupla e dobradiça dupla permitem identificar os parâmetros característicos com erro quadrático médio menor a 1% e validar esses parâmetros num período não maior a 0,5s. Os resultados se mostram altamente satisfatórios, tornando este trabalho uma contribuição científica à síntese de MEMS em nível de sistemas. / MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) is an invasive, intermediator and interactive small size system that develops in an intelligent, versatile and efficient way. However, the interactivity, feature that makes the system highly attractive and its qualities of lightness, invisibility, economy with regard to power consumption, robustness and high reliability are the focus of research. By obtaining the characteristic parameters many of these aspects can be optimized. Therefore, this study proposes to obtain the characteristic parameters necessary for the mathematical model for MEMS actuators, based on elastic deformation and dynamic comb-drive in order to accurately describe the linear behavior in level system. The characteristic parameters of MEMS can be extracted in the own simulator or identified through the manipulation of input and output data signals obtained in the execution of modal tests on the prototype. When the identification is deterministic, it uses the excitation signals that follow a good signal noise rate (SNR). When the identification is stochastic it uses excitation signals mixed with noise. These two forms of identification can be interpreted as the two extremes of the identification. Strictly speaking, any procedure that is not in any of these extremes may be called the "gray-box" identification. Thus, the propose of this research work consists of using the “gray-box” identification to obtain the characteristic parameters of the MEMS electro-mechanical actuators combining the advantages of the deterministic and stochastic procedures. Under this purpose, it was made revision of the matter features, conceptualization of the actuators, comprehension of the bottom-up vision and, finally, study of the stochastic models with autoregressive exogenous inputs (ARX) and the use of recursive estimators, Least Square and Instrumental Variable. The comparison of results of the deterministic model generated by FEM / BEM, allows testing the performance between two models of different kinds. The results obtained after the data collection, the choice of mathematical representation, the determination of the structure of the model, the estimation of the parameters and validation of the model of three actuators topologies developed (simple bridges, double bridge and double hinge) that permit to identify the parameters with a average quadratic error minor than 1% and to validate these parameters in a period not more than 0.5s. The results show highly satisfactory, becoming this work a scientific contribution to MEMS synthesis at system levels.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-17T23:45:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LÍGIA MARIA RIBEIRO LIMA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEP) 2010.pdf: 2788036 bytes, checksum: 1c5b62f6d7f3b6dd45a34fd6b83130c9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-17T23:45:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LÍGIA MARIA RIBEIRO LIMA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEP) 2010.pdf: 2788036 bytes, checksum: 1c5b62f6d7f3b6dd45a34fd6b83130c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-30 / O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a dinâmica da adsorção de gasolina (adsorbato) utilizando bagaço de cana-de-açúcar na forma de pó como adsorvente, em um leito fixo em escala ampliada, por meio da análise das curvas de ruptura. A coluna utilizada para adsorção consiste de um cilindro de vidro com altura de 60,0 cm e diâmetro de 6,0 cm. Inicialmente foram feitas análises de caracterização química e física do bagaço de cana na forma de pó, como: composição química; porcentagem de matéria seca, umidade, cinzas, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, celulose e lignina. Para a avaliação da estrutura porosa da biomassa bagaço de cana-de-açúcar foram realizadas três análises do material na forma de pó: área superficial, volume poroso e diâmetro poroso. Com base nos dados obtidos pelos ensaios experimentais para obtenção das curvas de ruptura, pode-se avaliar a dinâmica do leito fixo em escala ampliada através da análise dos resultados verificados pelo planejamento experimental e pela aplicação da modelagem fenomenológica, utilizando o modelo da Força Impulsora Linear. Foi possível observar que os maiores valores dos tempos de quebra das curvas foram encontrados para as menores vazões com as três concentrações de entrada de efluente simulado. Analisando o diagrama de Pareto observou-se que a influência da interação da concentração inicial de gasolina com a vazão de operação é o fator mais significativo seguido da altura do leito fixo de biomassa. Verificou-se também que a concentração de gasolina é o fator menos importante no processo de adsorção de biomassa. Avaliou-se por meio da obtenção dos valores da constante de transferência de massa, utilizando o modelo da Força Impulsora Linear, que houve uma tendência para o aumento do coeficiente de transferência de massa, à medida que a vazão aumentou. Com esses resultados, pode-se concluir que os coeficientes de transferência de massa no sólido, calculados em função da vazão volumétrica podem ser representados por uma relação linear nas condições experimentais estudadas. / The objective of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of adsorption of gasoline (adsorbate) using sugar-cane bagane in powder form as adsorbent, in a fixed bed in enlarged scale, through the analysis of breakthrough curves. The column used for adsorption consists of a glass cylinder with 60.0 cm height and 6.0 cm diameter. Initially were made analyses of chemical and physical characterization of cane bagane in powder form, as: chemical composition; dry matter percentage, humidity, ashes, organic matter, rude protein, cellulose and lignin. For evaluation of porous structure of the biomass sugar-cane pulp three analyses of the material were accomplished in powder form: superficial area, porous volume and porous diameter. With base in data obtained by experimentals for obtaining of breakthrough curves, dynamics of fixed bed can be evaluated in scale enlarged through the evaluation of results verified by experimental planning and th rough application of phenomenological modelling, using Lineal Impelling Force model. It was possible to observe that largest values of times of break of the curves were found for smallest flow rates with the three concentrations of entrance of simulate eff luent. Analyzing Pareto diagram was observed that the influence of interaction of initial concentration of gasoline with the operation flow rate is the most significant factor followed by height of fixed bed of biomass. It was also verified that the concentration of gasoline is the less important factor in biomass adsorption process. It was observed through the values obtained of mass transfer constant, using Lineal Impelling Force model, that there was a tendency for increase of mass transfer coefficient, as the flow rate increased. With those results, can be concluded that mass transfer coefficients in the solid, calculated in function of volumetric flow rate can be represented by a lineal relationship in the studied experimental conditions.

abstract: Android has been the dominant platform in which most of the mobile development is being done. By the end of the second quarter of 2014, 84.7 percent of the entire world mobile phones market share had been captured by Android. The Android library internally uses the modified Linux kernel as the part of its stack. The I/O scheduler, is a part of the Linux kernel, responsible for scheduling data requests to the internal and the external memory devices that are attached to the mobile systems. The usage of solid state drives in the Android tablet has also seen a rise owing to its speed of operation and mechanical stability. The I/O schedulers that exist in the present Linux kernel are not better suited for handling solid state drives in particular to exploit the inherent parallelism offered by the solid state drives. The Android provides information to the Linux kernel about the processes running in the foreground and background. Based on this information the kernel decides the process scheduling and the memory management, but no such information exists for the I/O scheduling. Research shows that the resource management could be done better if the operating system is aware of the characteristics of the requester. Thus, there is a need for a better I/O scheduler that could schedule I/O operations based on the application and also exploit the parallelism in the solid state drives. The scheduler proposed through this research does that. It contains two algorithms working in unison one focusing on the solid state drives and the other on the application awareness. The Android application context aware scheduler has the features of increasing the responsiveness of the time sensitive applications and also increases the throughput by parallel scheduling of request in the solid state drive. The suggested scheduler is tested using standard benchmarks and real-time scenarios, the results convey that our scheduler outperforms the existing default completely fair queuing scheduler of the Android. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2014

abstract: Toward the ambitious long-term goal of a fleet of cooperating Flexible Autonomous Machines operating in an uncertain Environment (FAME), this thesis addresses several critical modeling, design and control objectives for ground vehicles. One central objective is formation of multi-robot systems, particularly, longitudinal control of platoon of ground vehicle. In this thesis, the author use low-cost ground robot platform shows that with leader information, the platoon controller can have better performance than one without it. Based on measurement from multiple vehicles, motor-wheel system dynamic model considering gearbox transmission has been developed. Noticing the difference between on ground vehicle behavior and off-ground vehicle behavior, on ground vehicle-motor model considering friction and battery internal resistance has been put forward and experimentally validated by multiple same type of vehicles. Then simplified longitudinal platoon model based on on-ground test were used as basis for platoon controller design. Hardware and software has been updated to facilitate the goal of control a platoon of ground vehicles. Based on previous work of Lin on low-cost differential-drive (DD) RC vehicles called Thunder Tumbler, new robot platform named Enhanced Thunder Tumbler (ETT 2) has been developed with following improvement: (1) optical wheel-encoder which has 2.5 times higher resolution than magnetic based one, (2) BNO055 IMU can read out orientation directly that LSM9DS0 IMU could not, (3) TL-WN722N Wifi USB Adapter with external antenna which can support more stable communication compared to Edimax adapter, (4) duplex serial communication between Pi and Arduino than single direction communication from Pi to Arduino, (5) inter-vehicle communication based on UDP protocol. All demonstrations presented using ETT vehicles. The following summarizes key hardware demonstrations: (1) cruise-control along line, (2) longitudinal platoon control based on local information (ultrasonic sensor) without inter-vehicle communication, (3) longitudinal platoon control based on local information (ultrasonic sensor) and leader information (speed). Hardware data/video is compared with, and corroborated by, model-based simulations. Platoon simulation and hardware data reveals that with necessary information from platoon leader, the control effort will be reduced and space deviation be diminished among propagation along the fleet of vehicles. In short, many capabilities that are critical for reaching the longer-term FAME goal are demonstrated. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2016

abstract: The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere have reached a highest level due to high number of vehicles. A Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle (FCHEV) has zero greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional ICE vehicles or Hybrid Electric Vehicles and hence is a better alternative. All Electric Vehicle (AEVs) have longer charging time which is unfavorable. A fully charged battery gives less range compared to a FCHEV with a full hydrogen tank. So FCHEV has an advantage of a quick fuel up and more mileage than AEVs. A Proton Electron Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is the commonly used kind of fuel cell vehicles but it possesses slow current dynamics and hence not suitable to be the sole power source in a vehicle. Therefore, improving the transient power capabilities of fuel cell to satisfy the road load demand is critical. This research studies integration of Ultra-Capacitor (UC) to FCHEV. The objective is to analyze the effect of integrating UCs on the transient response of FCHEV powertrain. UCs has higher power density which can overcome slow dynamics of fuel cell. A power management strategy utilizing peak power shaving strategy is implemented. The goal is to decrease power load on batteries and operate fuel cell stack in it’s most efficient region. Complete model to simulate the physical behavior of UC-Integrated FCHEV (UC-FCHEV) is developed using Matlab/SIMULINK. The fuel cell polarization curve is utilized to devise operating points of the fuel cell to maintain its operation at most efficient region. Results show reduction of hydrogen consumption in aggressive US06 drive cycle from 0.29 kg per drive cycle to 0.12 kg. The maximum charge/discharge battery current was reduced from 286 amperes to 110 amperes in US06 drive cycle. Results for the FUDS drive cycle show a reduction in fuel consumption from 0.18 kg to 0.05 kg in one drive cycle. This reduction in current increases the life of the battery since its protected from overcurrent. The SOC profile of the battery also shows that the battery is not discharged to its minimum threshold which increasing the health of the battery based on number of charge/discharge cycles. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Mechanical Engineering 2017

abstract: Commercial Li-ion cells (18650: Li4Ti5O12 anodes and LiCoO2 cathodes) were subjected to simulated Electric Vehicle (EV) conditions using various driving patterns such as aggressive driving, highway driving, air conditioning load, and normal city driving. The particular drive schedules originated from the Environment Protection Agency (EPA), including the SC-03, UDDS, HWFET, US-06 drive schedules, respectively. These drive schedules have been combined into a custom drive cycle, named the AZ-01 drive schedule, designed to simulate a typical commute in the state of Arizona. The battery cell cycling is conducted at various temperature settings (0, 25, 40, and 50 °C). At 50 °C, under the AZ-01 drive schedule, a severe inflammation was observed in the cells that led to cell failure. Capacity fading under AZ-01 drive schedule at 0 °C per 100 cycles is found to be 2%. At 40 °C, 3% capacity fading is observed per 100 cycles under the AZ-01 drive schedule. Modeling and prediction of discharge rate capability of batteries is done using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). High-frequency resistance values (HFR) increased with cycling under the AZ-01 drive schedule at 40 °C and 0 °C. The research goal for this thesis is to provide performance analysis and life cycle data for Li4Ti5O12 (Lithium Titanite) battery cells in simulated Arizona conditions. Future work involves an evaluation of second-life opportunities for cells that have met end-of-life criteria in EV applications. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Engineering 2018