This diploma thesis Political parties and public opinion polls deals with the use of research in political party. From a theoretical point of view, the thesis focuses on defining the concept of public opinion, its influence on political tradition, and the importance of public opinion polls and their criticism. The main part of the thesis focuses on political communication introducing the use of methods and tools of political marketing, namely utilizing public opinion polls. It describes a change in political communication that has led to professionalization and the need to hire professionals from outside sources, and the role of media, which is often the only source of information for citizens. It explains the difference between particular mediated public opinion polls and focuses on their medial impact on voters. The research section have a form of a case study which focuses on how the public opinion polling is used to develop the electoral strategy in the political party TOP 09 before the elections to the regional councils in 2016. The result of the analysis shows that this political party is highly professionalized, continues to develop its electoral strategy based on research results, and follows recommendations of research agencies, using modern political marketing methods.

Comparison of Selected Topics of Political Communication of political parties in the Czech Republic: Professionalization, Personalization, Negativeness ROZMAJZL, Lukáš. Srovnání vybraných jevů politické komunikace u politických stran v ČR: profesionalizace, personalizace a negativita. Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky, 2011. 140 s. Vedoucí diplomové práce PhDr. Jan Křeček, Ph.D. This Diploma Thesis deals with three selected topics of political communication (Professionalization, Personalization, Negativeness) which are related to the transform of modern to postmodern political campaigns. Each of the topic is described on the theoretical base, then the historical development of using this technic by political parties is mentioned, and finally relevant criticism of this concept (related to the problems of the definition of the concept, or to the normative reflections on democratic political systém) is noticed. Comparative analysis of political communication made by Czech political parties in 2010 elections is made to identify the level of using each of three concepts mentioned above. The result is explicit that political parties in the Czech Republic differ one to another in using different technics of political communication towards...

Dans un monde de changement continu, les dispositifs de formation doivent trouver des logiques impulsant une dynamique d’adaptation au changement. Cette recherche porte sur le changement opéré en formation professionnelle infirmière suite à la réforme de 2009. Elle vise la compréhension des phénomènes liés au processus de transformation de cette profession et tente d’expliquer notamment les modalités de passage d’une logique de professionnalisation à une autre. Elle rend compte des pratiques de professionnalisation émergeantes et de la manière dont les tuteurs-infirmiers ont su se saisir des nouvelles logiques de formation pour accompagner les étudiants dans leur parcours de professionnalisation. Nous sommes partie de l’hypothèse que le rôle de tuteur de stage, voire la professionnalisation de son activité de tutelle, peuvent être un vecteur significatif de la professionnalisation des novices mais aussi de la professionnalisation de toute une profession. La réflexion théorique proposée permet d’éclairer les nouveaux rapports aux savoirs dans la logique de construction de compétences. Les résultats s’appuient sur des observations participantes, 50 entretiens semi-directifs collectifs et individuels, réalisés auprès de différents acteurs concernés par la professionnalisation des novices, dans deux structures hospitalières, à des temps distincts. L’analyse a permis d’identifier des logiques de changement différentes et l’intérêt d’un accompagnement des acteurs de terrain dans une dynamique socioconstructiviste, pour une transformation durable de leurs pratiques / In a world of continuous change, training procedures should implement new ways to boost dynamic adaptation to change. This research focuses on the change brought in vocational nursing training after 2009 Reform. It accounts for the phenomena related to the transformation process within the profession; in particular, how to shift from a former training system to a new one. It reports about emerging professional practices and the ability of tutors in nursing to seize new logical approaches to support their students on their vocational path. The starting point is the hypothesis that the internship tutor’s role or the professionalization of their supervisory activities, are significant vectors in their trainees’ proficiency and the professionalism of an entire vocation. The suggested theoretical approach sheds light on the new relationship to knowledge in the logical acquisition of skills. The results are based on an observation of participants, 50 collective and individual semi-structured interviews conducted with various actors involved in the professionalization of learners in two hospitals at separate times. The analysis has enabled to identify several logical approaches regarding change and also notice the importance of supporting the actors on the field in a social constructivist dynamics for a sustainable transformation of their practices.

Magister Public Health - MPH / Job satisfaction is important for the delivery of quality health care and health worker retention. This study aimed to identify the extent of job satisfaction among University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (UTHK) health workers and to describe the variables related to job satisfaction. These included working conditions, remuneration, patient care, development opportunities, supervision, time pressure and staff relations. A cross- sectional survey of UTHK health workers was conducted using a standardized instrument to identify health worker job satisfaction with related key work factors. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 274 health workers selected using a proportional stratified random sampling method and which included 21 medical doctors, 159 nurses, 19 midwives, 37 paramedic and 37 administrative staff. Respondents provided written consent to participate in the study. Analysis consisted of both descriptive statistics of overall satisfaction and various satisfactionrelated factors. For determining whether there is a significant relationship between job satisfaction and its independent variables, data were categorized and Chi-square or Fisher Exact test performed. Results showed a moderate overall job satisfaction level with 79.1% of respondents rating their satisfaction between 6 and 8 (mean: 6.7) on a scale of 1-10. A majority of respondents (82.6%) reported being dissatisfied with work income and 85.6% believed that their pay was not comparable to the work done. Over four fifths of the respondents (83.3%) reported feeling overwhelmed by responsibilities at work while a big percentage (96.5%) reported their job to be demanding physically, emotionally as well as mentally. However, respondents reported strong satisfaction (between 80% and 95%) with respect to work meaning, professionalization, training and orientation variables. Factors significantly associated with job satisfaction were adequate training to fulfill responsibilities (p value<0.001), feeling unvalued by the hospital (p=0.037) and dissatisfaction with supervisor care for patients and employees (p=0.034). In conclusion, improvement of remuneration, working conditions and hospital management in Kigali University Teaching Hospital would be expected to increase the level of job satisfaction of hospital health workforce.

Depuis les années 70, l’introduction de l’informatique et d’Internet dans la formation des enseignants et dans les programmes du Primaire n’a eu de cesse de générer des questionnements, des craintes et des espoirs. Parallèlement, le recrutement et la formation des enseignants du Primaire n’ont aussi cessé d’être débattus.Dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous avons voulu comprendre la professionnalisation du métier d’enseignant en comparant les représentations de l’informatique et du métier d’enseignant au Primaire d’un groupe en formation (futurs professeurs des écoles, PE) et d’un groupe professionnel (enseignants en poste). Nous avons aussi opérationnalisé l’hypothèse de polyphasie cognitive (Moscovici, 1961) en étudiant, pour un même groupe, la représentation de l’informatique dans le contexte de la vie privée et dans le contexte de la vie professionnelle. Les résultats obtenus par questionnaire montrent, tant au niveau structural qu’au niveau du champ structuré, des différences entre les réponses de 175 futurs PE et celles de 245 enseignants sur l’informatique à l’école. Dans le cadre de leur vie privée, il y a beaucoup moins de différences notables entre leurs réponses. Concernant la représentation du métier, les quelques différences repérées sont expliquées à travers l’expérience et le professionnalisme.Cette recherche participe donc à la compréhension des processus de professionnalisation sous la composante représentationnelle. Elle confirme, par ailleurs, la nécessité de préciser le contexte d’évocation dans des recherches sur les représentations sociales. / Since the 70s, introduction of ICT and Internet in the teachers if training and on curriculum of Primary school has continued to generate questions, fears and hope. In parallel, recruitment and training of Primary school teachers have also been permanently debated.Within the context of this research, we wanted to understand professionalization of teacher profession by comparing ICT representations and teacher profession representations in a training group (future teachers) and in a professional one (teachers in post). We also operationalized the hypothesis of cognitive polyphasia (Moscovici, 1961) by studying, for same group, ICT’ representation in the context of private life and in the context of professional life.The questionnaire results show, both at structural level and at structured field, differences between answers of 175 future teachers and of 245 teachers on ICT at school. As part of their private life, there are far fewer strong differences between their answers. Concerning the representation of profession, some spotted differences are explained through experience and professionalism. This research participates therefore in the understanding of professionalization processes under representational component. It confirms, moreover, the necessity to specify context of evocation in researches on social representations.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-25T13:07:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertacao_LucianaLuz_Versao_biblioteca.pdf: 2934156 bytes, checksum: 87678c9f9c29a906859667d3fcb9939d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-25T13:07:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Dissertacao_LucianaLuz_Versao_biblioteca.pdf: 2934156 bytes, checksum: 87678c9f9c29a906859667d3fcb9939d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-04 / Que fatores explicam a percepção da efetividade da avaliação do estágio probatório? Nosso principal objetivo é identificar que fatores explicam esta percepção a partir de um estudo de caso com servidores técnico-administrativos na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Testamos a hipótese de que fatores contextuais são mais importantes do que variáveis pessoais. Metodologicamente, adotou-se uma perspectiva multimétodo, combinando estudo de caso, observação não participante, análise documental, estatística descritiva e multivariada. Os dados foram coletados através de um survey realizado com 550 participantes e as respostas foram submetidas à análise fatorial confirmatória que identificou quatro dimensões (Efetividade da Avaliação do Estágio Probatório, Suporte da Instituição, Ação Gerencial e Valorização do Estágio Probatório enquanto Avaliação). Em seguida, utilizou-se a regressão linear múltipla para mensurar o efeito das dimensões sobre a percepção da Efetividade da Avaliação do Estágio Probatório. Os resultados corroboram a hipótese de pesquisa já que fatores contextuais exercem maior impacto sobre a percepção da efetividade do que variáveis pessoais. Comparativamente, o Suporte da Instituição foi a dimensão que produziu maior efeito. Com este trabalho espera-se incentivar uma reflexão sistemática sobre o sistema de avaliação do estágio probatório e fornecer subsídios para elaboração de políticas especialmente voltadas para melhorar a qualidade da burocracia no Brasil. / What factors explain the perception of the effectiveness of the probationary period rating? Our main goal is to identify what factors explain this perception through a case study with technical administrative employees of the Federal University of Pernambuco. We test the hypothesis that contextual factors are more important than personal variables. Methodologically, we adopted a multi-method approach, combining case study, non participative observation, document analysis and descriptive and multivariate statistics. Data was gathered from a survey carried out with 550 participants and the answers were submitted to confirmatory factor analysis which identified four dimensions (Effectiveness of the Probationary Period Rating System, Institutional Support, Management Action and Recognition of the Probatory Period as Evaluation). Then, we applied linear multiple regression to estimate the effect of these three different dimensions on the perception of the Effectiveness of the Probationary Period Rating System. The results support the research hypothesis since contextual factors exert greater impact than personal variables. Moreover, Institutional Support was the dimension that yielded highest effect. By doing this study, we expect to contribute to encourage systematic reflection on the probationary rating system and to provide input for the elaboration of public policies particularly committed to improve bureaucratic quality in Brazil.

Bakgrund: Sven Wedin kan betraktas som Sveriges första logoped och var speciellt intresserad av röstproduktion och röstbehandling. Efter hans bortgång skänktes hans skriftliga kvarlevor till Linköpings universitet och ligger till grund för föreliggande arbete. Detta arbete skildrar på vilket sätt Sven Wedin har bidragit till logopedins historia i Sverige, både i stort och mer specifikt gällande röstbehandling. Detta kan, i sin tur, bidra till en överblick av logopedyrkets professionaliseringsprocess utifrån ett historiskt perspektiv. Syfte: Att beskriva och analysera efterlämnat historiskt material av logoped Sven Wedin. Frågeställningarna var: Hur har professionaliseringen av logopedyrket sett ut i Sverige? Hur har röstbehandlingen utvecklats i Sverige? Metod: Utifrån en kvalitativ analysmetod har Sven Wedins material sorterats, kategoriserats, beskrivits och analyserats. Resultat: Flertalet yrkesgrupper har under första hälften av 1900-talet utfört röstbehandling. Foniatrer, som till en början utförde röstbehandling, utbildade ofta sina egna terapeuter då det ännu inte fanns någon formell utbildning för detta ändamål. Sven Wedin utbildade sig till logoped i USA på 1950-talet och verkade sedan under sitt yrkesliv till största del i Norrland där han bland annat startade talvårdscentralen i Boden, anordnade utbildningar med inriktning mot röst- och talvård och bedrev forskning. Slutsats: Sven Wedin har inverkat på logopedyrkets professionaliseringsprocess genom att bedriva såväl utbildning som forskning inom logopediska områden. Sannolikt var Sven Wedin Sveriges första logoped, men behandling av logopedisk karaktär hade utförts i Sverige redan i början av 1900-talet. Sven Wedin bidrog även till att göra röstbehandlingen effektiv genom att skapa nya behandlingsmetoder. / Background: Sven Wedin, who was particularly interested in voice production and voice treatment, may be considered Sweden’s first speech-language pathologist. His remnants were donated to the university of Linköping after his passing. These remnants constitute the foundation for this study. This study aims to describe in what way Sven Wedin has contributed to the development of speech-language pathology in Sweden, both at large and regarding voice treatment. This can, in turn, contribute to the overview of the professionalization of speechlanguage pathologists from a historical perspective. Objective: To describe and analyze historical remnants of speech-language pathologist Sven Wedin. The research questions were: What has the professionalization of speech-language pathologists in Sweden looked like? In what way has voice treatment developed in Sweden? Methods: A qualitative method was used to sort out, categorize, describe and analyze the remnants of Sven Wedin. Results: During the first half of the 20th century several professions practiced voice and speech training. Phoniatricians often trained their own therapists for these tasks due to the lack of a formal education of speech-language pathologists. Sven Wedin received a degree in speech-language pathology in the United States in the 1950’s. He later spent his professional life operating in the northern part of Sweden where he established a speech clinic, organized training courses on the subject of voice and speech training and did research. Conclusion: Sven Wedin has contributed to the professionalization of speech-language pathologists by both educating and carrying out research on the subject. It is reasonable to assume that Sven Wedin was the first Swedish speech-language pathologist, however voice and speech training as such had been practiced in Sweden since the beginning of the 20th century. Sven Wedin also contributed to the efficiency of voice treatment by creating new methods of treatment.

Syftet med denna studie var ett undersöka hur socionomer framställs i facklig litteratur för att kunna belysa legitimitetsgrundade faktorer för socionomprofessionen. Studien har baserats på en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och använt sig av professionalism som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Genom ett urval av artiklar genomfördes studien med innehållsanalysen genom att koda materialet för att sedan analysera vad som är legitimititetsgrundande faktorer för socionomerna. Resultatet visade att socionomprofessionen uppfyller kriterierna för legitimation genom sin breda och specialiserade kunskap, sin autonomi som de önskar vore högre och sitt klientfokus. Vidare visade resultatet att socionomyrkena var starkt kringskurna i sin autonomi och kontrollerade av politiska instanser. Socionomerna ansåg att med sin högskolegrundade utbildning var de berättigade en legitimation för att ge större autonomi inom yrket och säkerställa klientsäkerheten. / The purpose of this study was to research how social workers are presented in union magazines to illustrate legitimacy-based factors for social workers. The study was based on a qualitative content analysis and used professionalism as a theory. Through the selection of articles, the study of the content analysis was conducted by coding the material and then analyzing what the legitimacy-based factors were for the social workers. The result showed that the social workers meet the criteria of legitimacy through its broad and specialized knowledge, its autonomy that they wish to be higher, and its client focus. Furthermore, the results showed that the autonomy of the social service professions was lacking, and they often felt controlled by political bodies. The socio-economists considered that with their college-based education they were entitled to a credential to give greater autonomy in the profession and ensure client safety.

TITLE: Teacher Evaluation AUTHOR: Mgr., Bc. Jiří Trunda DEPARTMENT: Primary Education SUPERVISOR: prof. PhDr. Vladimíra Spilková, CSc. Abstract: This dissertation thesis deals with the evaluation of teachers in the context of the Czech educational system. The theoretical part first mapped theories related to the concepts of evaluation and teacher. The conclusions of these two chapters are then relate in the chapter Evaluation of Teachers. The second part of the thesis presents quantitative research of the situation of teacher's evaluation in the context of Czech primary schools. The description is then compared with the theoretical model of evaluation of teachers, which is the output of theoretical part. Dissertation should contribute to the implementation of systematic teacher evaluation as a tool for improving the quality of education and simultaneously to the professionalisation of teaching. Keywords: Evaluation akontabilita tree evaluation theory, teacher, teacher, reflective practice, professionalization

This thesis covers the topic of Non-profit Managers' Education in the Czech Republic. The first theoretical part concentrates on the brief introduction of the non-profit sector, continues with the core management theories, managers' tasks and competencies, and introduces the primary differences between non-profit and profit organizations. It continues with short history of managers' education with concentration in non-profit sector. The first part closes with educational theories, the design of specialized study programs and opinions of current managers on needs of non-profit sector. The second part includes methodology with the main goals, research questions and their presumptions, and also the concrete chosen method and its description. The last part of the thesis is the empirical research which processes data from the questionnaire survey, by which are answered the research questions and fulfilled goals of the thesis.