No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Com a construção da linhagem RlhE fusionada a um epitopo, fomos capazes de investigar o acúmulo da proteína após choque frio, em fase estacionária, durante o ciclo celular de Caulobacter crescentus, sob diferentes condições de estresses e, finalmente, após a adição de cloranfenicol, para o estudo a estabilidade protéica. Foi observado um aumento no acúmulo da proteína após choque frio. Além disso, quando em diferentes condições de estresses, RlhE obteve uma leve indução na presença de NaCl e Sacarose; mas permanaceu constante em fase estacionária e durante o ciclo celular. Finalmente, vimos que a estabilidade de RlhE varia de acordo com a temperatura, tendo um aumento da estabilidade a 10°C. As análises de expressão do gene rhlE foram realizadas por ensaios de atividade de betagalactosidase. Demonstramos que a presença da região 5UTR é importante para a indução, e que rlhE possui, pelo menos em parte, uma regulação pós-transcricional. Uma análise transcriptômica global da linhagem selvagem e mutante para rhlE, após o choque frio, foi realizada por RNAseq, o qual nos auxiliou na identificação de genes envolvidos em diversos processos biológicos. Finalmente, a co-imunoprecipitação e identificação dos RNAs por sequenciamento em larga escala revelou que RlhE interage com 51 mRNAs. / Here, we constructed a strain in which the RhIE protein was fusioned to an epitope that allowed the investigation of the protein profile after cold-shock, at stationary phase, during cell cycle of Caulobacter crescentus, under different environmental stresses, and, finally, after chloramphenicol addition to study protein stability. The results showed an increase in protein concentration after cold shock stress. When exposed to different stresses RhlE was slightly induced in the presence of NaCl and Sucrose; but its abundance remained constant at stationary phase and during C. crescentus cell cycle. Lastly, the protein stability varies depending on temperature - increasing at low temperature. Gene expression analysis was performed using beta-galactosidase assays. We showed that the presence of the 5UTR is important for the induction of rhlE, and that RhlE is posttranscriptionally regulated. A global transcriptome analysis was performed using RNAseq after cold shock stress of the wild type strain and null mutant for rhlE, and several genes involved in a wide range of biological process were identified. Finally, High-throughput sequencing of RNA isolated by crosslinking immunoprecipitation revealed interactions of RhlE with 51 mRNAs.

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Le dégradosome d'E. coli est un complexe protéique impliqué dans la dégradation des ARNm constitué de quatre protéines majeures : RNase E, PNPase, RhlB et l'Enolase. Dans le but de mieux comprendre l'action du dégradosome, des études de l'interaction de RhlB et des autres hélicases DEAD-box de la cellule avec la RNase E ont été menées. Deux sites distincts d'interaction ont été mis en évidence dont l'un spécifique de RhlB. Ceci suggère l'existence de dégradosome alternatif différents selon les conditions de croissance. Des travaux menés sur l'Enolase afin de déterminer son rôle au sein du complexe semblent écarter un rôle structural du complexe ou global de la dégradation des ARNm. L'hypothèse d'un effet plus spécifique est privilégiée. Enfin, des travaux sur la régulation de la RNase E par phosphorylation ont conduit à plusieurs modèles de mécanismes son inhibition par ce processus. Une relation étroite entre le domaine NTH et CTH de la RNase E a ainsi été mise en évidence. De plus, il semble qu'une kinase endogène de E. coli puisse phosphoryler le CTH de la RNase E, uniquement en absence du NTH.

Activities of the DEAD box (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) family of proteins- including RNA-dependent ATPase and RNA helicase- function in all organisms to sculpt RNA-RNA duplex and RNA-protein complexes, ensuring that necessary rearrangements are rapidly and properly resolved during genetic information processing. Identified as a prototypic member of the DEAD box family and documented as an ATPase and RNA helicase, p68 plays essential and diverse functions in the control of gene expression ranging from pre-mRNA/rRNA processing and mRNA decay/stability to transcriptional activation and initiation. Despite the early implied roles in organ maturation and tumor progression, the functional contributions of p68 to growth/differentiation regulation and cancer development remain undefined. Here, we show c-Abl-dependent phosphorylation of p68 markedly associates with abnormal cell growth and cancer development. Importantly, we characterize an unanticipated signaling module through which p68 functionally contributes to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and cell proliferation. p68, which appears to be phosphorylated by c-Abl at tyrosine 593, consequently promotes an EMT through its ability to recruit â-catenin into cell nucleus via a canonic Wnt/â-catenin axis independent way; accordingly, phosphor-p68 (phosphorylated at tyrosine 593 residue) also stimulates tumor cell growth, which requires the ATPase activity of the protein. These findings define a potential mechanism whereby phosphor-p68 recruits â-catenin into cell nucleus in ATP hydrolysis driven fashion and cooperatively regulates transcriptional programs that control an EMT. The dissertation thus demonstrates a tight coordination between DEAD box RNA helicase and cancer development.

P68 RNA helicase is a RNA helicase and an ATPase belonging to the DEAD-box family. It is important for the growth of normal cells, and is implicated in diverse functions ranging from pre-mRNA splicing, transcriptional activation to cell proliferation, and early organ development. The protein is documented to be phosphorylated at several amino-acid residues. It was previously demonstrated in several cancer cell-lines that p68 gets phosphorylated at threonine residues during treatments with TNF-α and TRAIL. In this study, the role of threonine phosphorylation of p68 under the treatment of anti-cancer drug, oxaliplatin in the colon cancer cells is characterized. Oxaliplatin treatment activates p38 MAP-kinase, which subsequently phosphorylates p68 at T564 and/or T446. P68 phosphorylation, at least partially, influences the role of the drug on apoptosis induction. This study shows an important mechanism of action of the anti-cancer drug which could be used for improving cancer treatment. This study also shows that p68 is an important transcriptional regulator regulating transcription of the cytoskeletal gene TPPP/p25. Previous analyses revealed that p68 RNA helicase could regulate expression of genes responsible for controlling stability and dynamics of different cytoskeletons. P68 is found to regulate TPPP/p25 gene transcription by associating with the TPPP/p25 gene promoter. Expression of TPPP/p25 plays an important role in cellular differentiation while the involvement of p68 in the regulation of TPPP/p25 expression is an important event for neurite outgrowth. Loss of TPPP expression contributes to the development and progression of gliomas. Thus, our studies further enhance our understanding of the multiple cellular functions of p68 and its regulation of the cellular processes.

RNAs associate with chromatin through various ways and carry out diverse functions. One mechanism by which RNAs interact with chromatin is by the complementarity of RNA with DNA, forming a three-stranded nucleic acid structure named R-loop. R-loops have been shown to regulate transcription initiation, RNA modification, and immunoglobulin class switching. However, R-loops accumulated in the genome can be a major source of genome instability, meaning that they must be tightly regulated. This thesis aims to identify R-loop-binding proteins systemically and study their regulation of R-loops. Using immunoprecipitation of R-loops followed by mass spectrometry, with or without crosslinking, a total of 364 proteins were identified. Among them RNA-interacting proteins were prevalent, including some already known R-loop regulators. I found that a large fraction of the R-loop interactome consists of proteins localized to the nucleolus. By examining several DEAD-box helicases, I showed that they regulate rRNA processing and a shared set of mRNAs. Investigation of an R-loop-interacting protein named CEBPZ revealed its nucleolar localization, its depletion caused down-regulation of R-loops associated with rRNA and mRNA. Characterization of the genomic distribution of CEBPZ revealed its colocalization with insulator-regulator CTCF. When studying if CEBPZ recruits CTCF, I found that instead of regulating CTCF binding, CEBPZ depletion has a major effect on the performance of CUT&RUN, a technique for identifying DNA binding sites of proteins. How CEBPZ affects CUT&RUN is still under investigation, the study of which may help us understand the roles of CEBPZ in regulation of global chromatin structure and genome integrity.