Atualmente, as empresas do setor da construção civil encontram-se desenvolvendo e aprimorando o trabalho de coordenação de projetos e incluem, além das atribuições de coordenação, responsabilidades como planejamento de custos, etapas e prazos do processo de projeto, contratação de projetistas e análise de projeto. Portanto, a competência do coordenador de projetos torna-se decisiva para a qualidade do projeto encaminhado à obra, e, de forma mais abrangente, o coordenador tem grande importância para o sucesso do empreendimento e das empresas envolvidas no processo de construção. A presente pesquisa tem como principal objetivo propor o perfil, as atividades e a autonomia mais adequados para o coordenador de projetos de edificações no contexto da construção civil brasileira. Para tanto, o método Delphi foi selecionado para ser utilizado nessa pesquisa, na qual foram aplicados 03 questionários: o primeiro referiu-se à pesquisa exploratória inicial para escolha dos participantes da pesquisa e conteve questões sobre o perfil atual dos coordenadores de projeto; o segundo, relativo ao estudo prospectivo, foi composto por questões totalmente abertas, de acordo com o método Delphi e versou sobre o perfil, as atividades e a autonomia dos coordenadores. As respostas recebidas foram tabuladas, analisadas e reenviadas, na forma de um questionário fechado e objetivo, para os entrevistados a fim de convergir as respostas a um denominador comum. O resultado obtido explicitou que o segmento de projetos de edificações necessita de coordenadores de projeto não apenas com experiência e conhecimento técnico nas diversas áreas que compõem o projeto completo do edifício, mas também com habilidades e competência para gerenciar os profissionais que compõem a equipe de projeto. Com base na proposta final para o perfil, as competências, os conhecimentos, as habilidades, as atividades e a autonomia do coordenador de projetos foram desenvolvidas ainda diretrizes para a concepção de novo currículo para um curso de pós-graduação em coordenação de projetos de edificações. / At the moment, the companies of the sector of civil building are developing and improving the work of design coordination and include, besides attribution of coordination, responsibility with costs planning, phases and deadlines of the design process, hiring of designers, and analysis of project. Therefore, the competence of the design coordinator becomes decisive for the quality of the building project sent to the building site, and more broadly, the coordinator has great importance for the success of the undertaking and of the companies involved in the design building. This research has the main objective of proposing the profile, the activities and the most adequate autonomy for the coordinator of edification projects in the context of the Brazilian civil building. For this, the Delphi method was selected to be used in this research where 3 questionnaires were applied: the first was referred to the initial exploratory research for the choice of the participants of the research and contained questions about the current profile of the design coordinators; the second, related to the prospective study, was composed of questions totally open, according to the Delphi method and conversed about the profile, the activities and the autonomy of the coordinators. The answers received were tabulated, analyzed and sent, as a closed and objective questionnaire, for the interviewees aiming to converge the answers to a common denominator. The result obtained made explicit that the segment of edifications projects need coordinators of project not only with experience and technical knowledge in several areas that compose the complete design of the building, but also with abilities and competence to manage the professionals that compose the design team. Based on the final proposal for the profile, the competence, the knowledge, the abilities, the activities and the autonomy of the design coordinator were developed yet directives for a conception of a new curriculum for a post-graduation course in coordination of building projects.

Este trabalho busca entender o processo de elaboração dos projetos do arquiteto Ruy Ohtake, que ainda não foi alvo de um estudo criterioso. A principal referência para um estudo de caso é o projeto e a obra do Museu do Surf (2006-2008) construído na cidade de Santos, SP. Analisa por meio deste projeto a metodologia projetual do arquiteto, apresentando por meio do ambiente cultural, as referências, as características principais e a transformação de seu repertório formal. Identifica como Ohtake projeta suas obras, as determinantes de suas opções projetuais e, conclui que um desenho contemporâneo traz em si a imanência de um processo. / This work seeks to understand the process of elaboration of projects by architect Ruy Ohtake, wich has not been the subject of careful study. The main reference for a case study is the work of the project and Surf Museum (2006 - 2008) built in the city of Santos, SP. Through this project examines the methodology projectual of the architect, showing the environment through cultural references, the main characteristics and the transformation of this formal repertoire. Identifies how designs Ohtake his works, the determinants of their choice about design, and concludes that a contemporary design bears the immanence of a process.

A complexidade no desenvolvimento de projetos para edifícios de escritórios está relacionada a dificuldades na conciliação de interesses de empreendedores, projetistas, construtores e usuários finais, e a diversidade e especialização cada vez maiores das disciplinas envolvidas. A clareza quanto aos pontos que devem ser definidos, e quem deve defini-los, ainda na fase de concepção deste tipo de projeto, é fundamental para que o empreendimento apresente viabilidades técnica, construtiva e de negócio, e a gestão do processo do projeto deve ter domínio total destas questões nesta fase. A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar as informações críticas das diversas disciplinas, que devem ser definidas ainda na concepção da arquitetura, e sua correta seqüência de inserção no processo. Para tal, a metodologia adotada baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica e na realização de um estudo de caso, cujas condições de contorno são consideradas ímpares: a empresa contratante de projetos é uma incorporadora que tem o domínio das informações sobre as necessidades mercadológicas do produto, tem um corpo técnico que apresenta condições de avaliar e escolher soluções técnicas construtivas, e também é uma empresa de administração predial, ou seja, opera o funcionamento do edifício construído, resultando em decisões de projeto que realmente focam o custo do empreendimento em seu ciclo da vida, o que não ocorre freqüentemente no mercado brasileiro. Propõe-se o desenvolvimento de um fluxo de informações de projetos que indique a necessidade e a etapa de cada informação na fase de concepção do projeto, o que ajuda a esclarecer o correto papel de cada agente no processo e constitui uma ferramenta extremamente útil para a gestão de projetos. / The complexity in office buildings design development is related to difficulties in incorporating the interests of all the players involved (owners, designers, contractors and end-users) and to the increasing diversity of specialist designers. The clarity about key points definitions and who should make them, during the design conceptual phase, is imperative for technical, constructive and commercial feasibilities of the project itself, and design management must have complete control of these aspects. The aim is to investigate what critical information from several design subjects should be defined during this conceptual phase and its correct insertion sequence in the design process. In order to achieve this investigation, the research is based on the case study method, the studied object of which has distinctive conditions: the design team contractor is a real estate company that fully understands office building market needs, holds an experienced technical team to evaluate and select constructive solutions and, also, is a facility manager. Due to this, their design decisions actually focus on the project entire life cycle, which is not common in the Brazilian market. In conclusion, the development of an information flow is proposed, during the design conceptual phase, which indicates when each piece of information should be located in the design process, which is helpful to elucidate the correct function of each related player and to establish a useful tool for design management.

O rápido avanço da tecnologia médica e as alterações no perfil dos usuários demandam novas configurações da prestação de serviços e, consequentemente, novos espaços, aptos a suportar e contribuir com a realização das novas atividades. Este trabalho traz o mapeamento do processo de projeto para intervenções em edifícios de saúde, dos pontos de vista teórico e prático, e um modelo genérico do processo de projeto destas intervenções. O objetivo foi estudar métodos que favoreçam e facilitem a atualização contínua dos edifícios de saúde existentes devido à grande complexidade que envolve estes projetos. O método foi estruturado em levantamento e análise de dados. O levantamento contou com revisão bibliográfica, entrevistas e um estudo de caso numa empresa de projetos de arquitetura para saúde com vasta experiência no setor. Na análise de dados, as informações foram cruzadas e foi elaborado o modelo genérico, que serve de base para o desenvolvimento de projetos de intervenções em edifícios de saúde, podendo ser adequado para as peculiaridades de cada caso. O modelo, que abrange desde o início do processo de projeto até o acompanhamento do uso, é composto por cinco macrofases, divididas em fases e sub-fases, e contempla as diferentes relações entre elas, caracterizando o processo de um modo geral como cíclico, mas pontuando possibilidades de interrupção e retrocesso. São também apresentadas as interfaces entre os diversos agentes do processo em cada uma das macrofases e entre macrofases distintas. / The fast advance of medical technology and changes in user profiles require new configurations of service delivery and, consequently, new spaces, able to support and contribute to the implementation of new activities. This research presents the mapping of the design process for interventions in healthcare buildings, both from the standpoint of theory and current practice, and a generic model of the design process for these interventions. The aim was to study methods to encourage and facilitate continuous upgrading of existing healthcare buildings, due to high complexity involved in these designs. The method was structured in data collection and data analysis. The data collection was composed by literature review, interviews and a case study in a company of healthcare design with extensive experience. In data analysis, data were crossed and the generic model was developed, which can be the basis for the design development and can be suitable for the peculiarities of each case. Ranging from the beginning of the process to monitoring of use, the model consists of five macrofases divided into phases and sub-phases, and includes the various relationships between them, characterizing the process as cyclical generally, but with chances of break and retreat. We also present the interfaces between the different actors of the process in each macrophases and between different ones.

Les concepteurs de machines de production doivent prendre en consideration les differents aspects des produits tels que la technologie, la legislation et la securite professionnelle. la directive europeenne 2006/42/ce definie les principes de prevention des risques professionnels. destinee aux concepteurs de machines, son objectif est d’imposer la necessite d’obtenir le niveau de risque le plus faible possible selon l’etat de l’art. bien que les concepteurs de machines catalogues ont acces a des normes specifiques pour realiser les analyses a priori, ce n’est pas le cas pour les concepteurs de machines speciales. une approche originale appelee ezid est presentee dans ce papier pour aider tous les concepteurs de machine pour l’identification des phenomenes dangereux.basee sur le fait que les phenomenes dangereux sont lies a la presence d’energie, ezid les identifie au travers de la detection des parametres de conception lies aux sources et flux d’energie. elle renvoie ensuite de maniere organisee les informations relatives a tous les echanges d’energie potentiels entre les operateurs et la machine aux concepteurs, mettant en lumiere le besoin d’ajouter des solutions pour la prevention des risques. / Machine designers must take into account different aspects of products such as technology, legislation and occupational safety. european directive 2006/42/ce promulgates machine safety design principles to prevent occupational risks. aimed at machine designers, its objective is to set out the need to obtain the lowest possible risk level according to the state of the art. although the designers of catalog machines have access to specific standards to perform a priori risk analyses, this is not the case for special machine designers. an original approach called ezid is presented in this report to help all machine designers in the task of hazard identification.based on the fact that hazards are linked to the presence of energies, ezid identifies hazards through the detection of design parameters linked to energy sources and flows. it then feeds back organized information to designers on every potential exchange of energy between the machine and its operators, bringing to light the need to add risk prevention solutions.

This study presents an alternate viewpoint to the strive to overcome the gap between research and practitioners within paper prototyping in interaction design. Earlier research identifies three aspects of this gap, which is: Practitioners being unaware of interaction design methods and theories Practitioners being aware, but choosing not to apply these methods and theories, due to time, budget and constraints of labour Practitioners and research having different perspective on similar design issues Our study was done by carrying out qualitative interviews with interaction designers based on two digital design bureaus. One of the bureaus has an expressed link to research: the other has not. Our hypothesis is that the gap would manifest as a difference in work practice between the two bureaus. Our study shows that the two bureaus have similarities in work practice and that this work practice is based on scientific methods and theories, but is adapted to fit the client and/or the project. We conclude that the overcoming of the gap might not be necessary. Perhaps the nature of the design process with its complexity makes this hard. We advocate a trust in the practitioner’s ability to consider and adapt methods and theories regarded necessary.

Through a case study at an IT company we have attempted to ascertain how a company's organizational culture affects its designers' way of working. By examining what ”type” of designers the employees are and how this is reflected in their work, we hope to have correctly determined what their organizational culture looks like and thereby have achieved a plausible result in our study. Aside from two interviews with the company's CEO, we also performed eight observations at the company, where we tried to blend in with the employees, to better determine their way of working together. We have found that the designers' trust in their own instincts has led them to rarely act on feedback from clients – they only pick out the proposals which have a “mainstream” potential. We have also discovered that their design approach is something they don't feel inclined to discuss amongst themselves. As it is often “indescribable”, they go with their intuition and unspoken design conventions.

Now a day the revolution in computer technology has changed the trend of human life. Congenital methods are a being replaced by new technique. The purpose of this study was to make an interface design prototype of Elskift company website. Another aim was to find out  the  prototype  should  concentrate  on  usability  and  user  interface design  heuristic.  Main  goals  were  that  the  prototype  was  easy  to learn,  efficient  of  use  and  subjective  satisfaction.  Both Quantitative and Qualitative approaches were used in this study.  Interviews were performed with the management and developer of Elskift. Survey was conducted to collect data from the participant.  Iterative  design  was used  in  this  design  process  its  include  evaluation,  design  and prototype. Usability testing was performed in the final design option. The Elskift design prototype is not an abundant and the complete web-based prototype but it contain maximum attribute

The essence of an effective knowledge transfer process for a technical organization cannot be overemphasized. It does not only translate to its advancement but also improves the learning capacity of the staff in the organization. The purpose of this work is to analyze and diagnose the current process of technical knowledge transfer It goes further to proffer a suitable model of design process for the technical instructions (which is one form of knowledge that is present in the organization) so as to improve not only the instructional manual but also the processes involved. The instructional model is a model gotten from the field of instructional technology (a sub-sect of educational technology) which is used to achieve this feat.

This thesis examines innovation and design processes in small established companies. There is a great interest in this area yet paradoxically the area is under-researched, since most innovation research is done on large companies. The research questions are: How do small established companies carry out their innovation and design processes? and How does the context and novelty of the process and product affect the same processes? The thesis is built on three research papers that used the research method of multiple case studies of different small established companies. The innovation and design processes found were highly context dependent and were facilitated by committed resources, a creative climate, vision, low family involvement, delegated power and authority, and linkages to external actors such as customers and users. Both experimental cyclical and linear structured design processes were found. The choice of structure is explained by the relative product and process novelty experienced by those developing the product innovation. Linear design processes worked within a low relative novelty situation and cyclical design processes worked no matter the relative novelty. The innovation and design processes found were informal, with a low usage of formal systematic design methods, except in the case of design processes for software. The use of formal systematic methods in small companies seems not always to be efficient, because many of the problems the methods are designed to solve are not present. Customers and users were found to play a large and important role in the innovation and design processes found and gave continuous feedback during the design processes. Innovation processes were found to be intertwined, yielding synergy effects, but it was common that resources were taken from the innovation processes for acute problems that threatened the cash flow. In sum, small established companies have the natural prerequisites to take advantage of lead-user inventions and cyclical design processes. Scarce resources were found to be the main factor hindering innovation, but the examined companies practiced several approaches to increase their resources or use existing scarce resources more efficiently in their innovation and design processes. Examples of these approaches include adopting lead-user inventions and reducing formality in the innovation and design processes.