Stockholm växer och infrastrukturen byggs ut. Infrastrukturprojekten upphandlas allt mer som totalentreprenader vilket ställer höga krav på att samarbetet mellan entreprenörer och konsulter fungerar bra. Ett fungerande samarbete bygger på bra förståelse och syftet med detta examensarbete var att, för Sweco Civil AB:s räkning, öka konsulternas förståelse för entreprenörerna med förhoppningen att utveckla samarbetet parterna emellan. Resultatet baserades på intervjuer med entreprenörer och konsulter. Intervjuerna utfördes med tre konsulter från Sweco och fem entreprenörer från olika företag, som alla hade en roll i totalentreprenader. Resultatet visar att återkommande problem som uppstår i samarbetet mellan parterna under projekteringen var kommunikation, bristfälliga handlingar och att konsulterna överlag uppfattas ha svårt att hålla tidplaner. Entreprenörerna förväntade sig att konsulterna skulle leverera byggbara handlingar med god kvalitet i rätt tid. Resultatet visar även att faktorerna som påverkade entreprenörernas val av konsulter skiljdes åt mellan de svenska och de utländska entreprenörerna. För att uppnå en god kommunikation kan parterna inte undanhålla information från varandra. De måste kommunicera sina förutsättningar och ta hänsyn till dessa. Undersökningen visar att konsulterna måste medverka vid samordningen av tidplanerna för att ha möjlighet att leverera i tid med önskad kvalitet. Med hjälp av fler frekventa platsbesök alternativt projektkontor kan förståelsen för produktionen i konsultens organisation öka och därmed utveckla handlingarna mot entreprenörens krav / Stockholm is growing and the infrastructure expands. Infrastructure projects are increasingly being procured as design and build contracts. This impose high demands on cooperation between contractors and consultants. Functional cooperation is based on good understanding and the purpose of this study was to, on behalf of Sweco Civil AB, increase the consultants' understanding of the contractors with the hope of developing better cooperation between the parties. The result is based on interviews with contractors and consultants. The interviews were held with three consultants from Sweco and five contractors from different companys, all of whom had a role in design and build contracts. The results show that repetitive problems that arose in the cooperation between the parties during the procurement were bad communication, insufficient construction documents and that the consultants had difficulties to deliver on time. The contractors expected the consultants to deliver quality construction documents according to schedule. The results also show that the factors influencing the contractors' choice of consultants differ between the Swedish and the foreign contractors. In order to achieve good communication, the parties cannot withhold information from each other. They must communicate their preconditions and take them into account. The study shows that consultants must participate in the coordination of timetables in order to be able to deliver on time with desired quality. With the help of more frequent site visits or alternatively project offices, the understanding of production can increase in the consultant’s organizations. Thus, developing the construction documents against the contractor's requirements.

The detailed design phase of construction projects marks a critical moment when conceptual ideas andmethods are developed into precise technical specifications, crucial for project execution. Existingresearch shows that insufficient and incomplete construction documents lead to poor integrationbetween design and production, resulting in conflicts and communication barriers. These shortcomingscompromise the integrity of the project and lead to rising costs for clients. Thus, there is a need forincreased commitment from both the client and the design consultant to ensure the quality of theconstruction documents provided to the contractor. This study identified the factors affecting the quality of construction documents in the context ofdesign-bid-build contracts, focusing specifically on the perceptions of clients and consultants in theSwedish infrastructure sector. Furthermore, the study evaluated the responsibilities of clients andconsultants, assessed compliance with governing guidelines and requirements, and suggestedopportunities for their development. Garvin’s eight dimensions of quality, ISO 9001:2015 andorganisational culture were applied as theoretical frameworks. The study employed both qualitativeand quantitative approaches, conducted through questionnaires, document analysis, and semistructured interviews. The results revealed several interrelated factors that influence the quality of construction documents,including competence and experience; quality processes and quality assurance; communication,coordination, and collaboration; budget and form of remuneration; clear documents from the client;and time schedules. Furthermore, the study showed a shared responsibility between clients andconsultants in ensuring the quality of construction documents. Inconsistent compliance with governingguidelines and requirements has been demonstrated. Factors challenging adherence to the guidelinesand requirements include time constraints, high workload, unclear instructions, communication gaps,and reliance on verbal agreements. Regarding the development of guidelines and requirements forpractical and realistic implementation, the study showed that guidelines should outline solutions andsteps for meeting the requirements, but also that the processes must be adapted to specific projects.Based on the conclusions, it is established that the factors influencing quality should be consideredfrom the beginning of the detailed design phase. Clients and consultants should be aware of theirresponsibilities. The focus should be on clear communication and documentation, realistic timeschedules, and adaptable processes to improve compliance with guidelines and the overall quality ofconstruction documents. / Detaljprojekteringsfasen i byggprojekt är en kritisk tidpunkt där konceptuella idéer och metoderutvecklas till tekniska specifikationer och är avgörande för projektutförandet. Befintlig forskning visaratt otillräckliga och bristfälliga bygghandlingar leder till dålig integration mellan design ochproduktion. Detta kan leda till konflikter och hindra kommunikation, vilket äventyrar projektetsintegritet och bidrar till tidsförseningar och stigande kostnader för beställaren. Således finns det ettbehov av ökat engagemang från både beställare och projekterande konsulter för att säkerställakvaliteten på bygghandlingarna som tillhandahålls entreprenören. Denna studie fördjupade sig i faktorer som påverkar kvaliteten på bygghandlingar inom ramen förutförandeentreprenader, med ett specifikt fokus på upplevelsen hos beställare och konsulter i densvenska infrastruktursektorn. Studien identifierade nyckelfaktorer som påverkar kvaliteten påbygghandlingar, utvärderade beställarens och konsulternas ansvar för kvalitet, bedömde efterlevnadenav styrande riktlinjer och krav samt utforskade möjligheter till utveckling av dessa. Garvins åttakvalitetsdimensioner, ISO 9001:2015 och organisationskultur användes som teoretiska ramverk.Studien utfördes genom kvalitativ och kvantitativ metodik via enkäter, semistrukturerade intervjueroch dokumentanalys. Resultatet visade flera sammankopplade faktorer som påverkar kvaliteten på bygghandlingar, blandannat kompetens och erfarenhet, kvalitetsprocess och kvalitetssäkring, kommunikation och samarbete,budget och ersättningsform, tydliga dokument från beställaren och tidplaner. Vidare visade studien attdet är ett delat ansvar mellan beställare och konsulter att säkerställa kvaliteten på bygghandlingar. Eninkonsekvent efterlevnad av styrande riktlinjer och krav har påvisats. Faktorer som utmanarefterlevnaden av riktlinjer och krav är tidsbegränsningar, hög arbetsbelastning, otydliga instruktioner,kommunikationsbrist och att förlita sig på muntliga överenskommelser. Gällande utveckling avriktlinjer och krav för praktisk och realistisk implementering, visade studien bland annat att riktlinjerbör beskriva lösningar och steg för hur kraven kan uppnås, men även att processerna ska varaanpassade till det specifika projektet. Utifrån slutsatserna konstaterades att hänsyn bör tas till depåverkande faktorerna redan i början av projekteringsfasen. Beställare och konsulter ska varamedvetna om sitt ansvar. Fokus ska ligga på tydlig kommunikation och dokumentation, realistiskatidsramar samt anpassningsbara processer för att förbättra efterlevnaden av riktlinjer och denövergripande kvaliteten på bygghandlingar.

This Diploma thesis follows up the award of public contracts using the Design-Build method. The first part focuses on the description of individual procurement methods and their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the basic types of FIDIC terms and connditions are compared here. The second part describes and evaluates the terms of reference for specific projects commissioned by Design-Build in the Czech Republic. There is also a questionnaire survey that examines the viewpoints, knowledge and experience of contracting authorities with this method.

A presente dissertação parte do princípio da relevância da produção arquitetônica para uso residencial no contexto das mudanças sociais ocorridas entre as primeiras décadas do século XX e o período do segundo pós-guerra, bem como da observação de que inúmeras obras residenciais paradigmáticas deste período foram projetadas e executadas por arquitetos para uso próprio. Buscou-se, através do recorte do objeto, estudar a arquitetura que resultou de situações que, embora possam ser consideradas excepcionais na atividade produtiva do arquiteto - e talvez até pelo mesmo motivo - puderam propiciar aos autores estudados a oportunidade de elaborar questões pertinentes à disciplina com mais liberdade, do ponto de vista de condicionantes mercadológicas e sócio-culturais vigentes, do que em situações convencionais de produção. Procuramos também, através da comparação entre as residências próprias de arquitetos e o conjunto de sua produção, compreender em que medida as condicionantes do projeto representadas pela figura do cliente podem interferir no resultado final da obra. O objetivo geral do trabalho consiste no levantamento e classificação de obras residenciais de arquitetos (projetadas e construídas para uso próprio) consideradas relevantes na historiografia da arquitetura mundial e brasileira do período estudado, bem como na análise de sua representatividade no conjunto da obra de seus autores, sua relação com as principais correntes arquitetônicas identificadas para a época e suas contribuições ao pensamento e à cultura arquitetônica do período. Apresentamos também a análise aprofundada de alguns casos individuais, com o objetivo de revelar elementos do programa, processo projetual, linguagem, e valores dos arquitetos estudados - além de sua representatividade em relação ao contexto histórico da disciplina. / This dissertation begins with the relevance of residential architecture within the context of the social transformations of the first decades of the 20th century and the period following World War II. It is noted that many of the milestone residences of that time were designed and built by architects for their own use. This work aims to study the architecture resulting from arguably exceptional situations of architectural production, which provided its architects with the opportunity to elaborate issues pertinent to the discipline with greater freedom - in terms of the market and socio-cultural conditions in force at the time - than would have been possible if these situations had been conventional. We have also sought to understand the measure to which the design constraints imposed by clients can impact on the final result, by comparing the architects\' own homes to their output as a whole. The main objective of this work is to survey and classify the residential projects designed and built by architects for their own use that are considered important in global and Brazilian architectural history for the period under study, as well as analyze them within the context of all their architectural production, their relationships with the main architectural movements at the time and their contributions to architectural thinking and culture. In depth analyses of certain cases are employed to reveal elements of the brief, design process, language and values of the architects in question, as well as their representativeness in relation to the discipline\'s historical context.

A presente dissertação parte do princípio da relevância da produção arquitetônica para uso residencial no contexto das mudanças sociais ocorridas entre as primeiras décadas do século XX e o período do segundo pós-guerra, bem como da observação de que inúmeras obras residenciais paradigmáticas deste período foram projetadas e executadas por arquitetos para uso próprio. Buscou-se, através do recorte do objeto, estudar a arquitetura que resultou de situações que, embora possam ser consideradas excepcionais na atividade produtiva do arquiteto - e talvez até pelo mesmo motivo - puderam propiciar aos autores estudados a oportunidade de elaborar questões pertinentes à disciplina com mais liberdade, do ponto de vista de condicionantes mercadológicas e sócio-culturais vigentes, do que em situações convencionais de produção. Procuramos também, através da comparação entre as residências próprias de arquitetos e o conjunto de sua produção, compreender em que medida as condicionantes do projeto representadas pela figura do cliente podem interferir no resultado final da obra. O objetivo geral do trabalho consiste no levantamento e classificação de obras residenciais de arquitetos (projetadas e construídas para uso próprio) consideradas relevantes na historiografia da arquitetura mundial e brasileira do período estudado, bem como na análise de sua representatividade no conjunto da obra de seus autores, sua relação com as principais correntes arquitetônicas identificadas para a época e suas contribuições ao pensamento e à cultura arquitetônica do período. Apresentamos também a análise aprofundada de alguns casos individuais, com o objetivo de revelar elementos do programa, processo projetual, linguagem, e valores dos arquitetos estudados - além de sua representatividade em relação ao contexto histórico da disciplina. / This dissertation begins with the relevance of residential architecture within the context of the social transformations of the first decades of the 20th century and the period following World War II. It is noted that many of the milestone residences of that time were designed and built by architects for their own use. This work aims to study the architecture resulting from arguably exceptional situations of architectural production, which provided its architects with the opportunity to elaborate issues pertinent to the discipline with greater freedom - in terms of the market and socio-cultural conditions in force at the time - than would have been possible if these situations had been conventional. We have also sought to understand the measure to which the design constraints imposed by clients can impact on the final result, by comparing the architects\' own homes to their output as a whole. The main objective of this work is to survey and classify the residential projects designed and built by architects for their own use that are considered important in global and Brazilian architectural history for the period under study, as well as analyze them within the context of all their architectural production, their relationships with the main architectural movements at the time and their contributions to architectural thinking and culture. In depth analyses of certain cases are employed to reveal elements of the brief, design process, language and values of the architects in question, as well as their representativeness in relation to the discipline\'s historical context.