• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 159
  • 100
  • 32
  • 17
  • 9
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • Tagged with
  • 450
  • 72
  • 67
  • 53
  • 42
  • 36
  • 31
  • 26
  • 25
  • 25
  • 25
  • 25
  • 25
  • 23
  • 22
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
321

Avaliação da qualidade de filés de Pirarucu (Arapaima Gigas, Cuvier 1829), refrigerados e embalados sob atmosfera modificada. / Quality evaluation of Pirarucu (Arapaima Gigas, Cuvier 1829) fillets refrigerated and packaging in modified atmosphere

Gonzaga Júnior, Marcondes Agostinho January 2010 (has links)
Dissertação(mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aqüicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2010. / Submitted by Cristiane Silva (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-27T18:37:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaao_marcondes_furg.pdf: 2005279 bytes, checksum: fc0c0eb36bbdf4eba569243c6a16f38d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-07-27T18:56:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaao_marcondes_furg.pdf: 2005279 bytes, checksum: fc0c0eb36bbdf4eba569243c6a16f38d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-27T18:56:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaao_marcondes_furg.pdf: 2005279 bytes, checksum: fc0c0eb36bbdf4eba569243c6a16f38d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O pescado é um alimento altamente perecível, e como tal exige cuidados especiais em sua manipulação, estando sujeito a contaminação por diversos organismos. Em condições normais de refrigeração, o prazo de vida útil dos alimentos está limitado pelos processos de deterioração enzimática, microbiológica e oxidativa o que limita seu prazo de distribuição e comercialização. A efetiva consolidação da aqüicultura depende do escoamento da produção que por sua vez dependerá da demanda dos produtos. Para que o consumo de pescado no Brasil seja ampliado, é necessário que haja oferta de produtos com a qualidade exigida pelo consumidor. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito sobre a embalagem em atmosfera modificada (EAM) em filés de pirarucu (Arapaima gigas). Foram utilizados espécimes provenientes de áreas de cultivo do Estado do Amazonas, da região de Manacapuru, Norte do Brasil, os quais foram beneficiados, eviscerados, filetados e acondicionados em sacos plásticos de alta densidade de etileno-álcool-vinilico – EVOH. As amostras foram submetidas a 6 tratamentos: A (Controle), 4 atmosferas contendo aproximadamente 0,5 L de ar: B (100 % CO2); C (40% O2 / 60% CO2); D (50% O2 / 50% CO2), E (30% O2 / 30% N2 / 40% CO2) e um F (a vácuo). As amostras embaladas foram mantidas sob refrigeração, na faixa de 2 ± 1oC, quando foram submetidas a análise nos tempos zero,1,7,14,21,30,45 e 50 dias de armazenamento refrigerado em estufa climatizada. Foram realizadas analises físico-químicas (bases voláteis totais – N-BVT, pH), da estabilidade lipídica (TBA), de textura (força de cisalhamento), de cor e microbiológicas. Observou-se que as amostras mantidas em aerobiose (controle) apresentaram um rápido aumento dos valores de N-BVT, com seu pico máximo no 50º dia de estocagem (67,59 mg N-BVT/100 g). A produção de N-BVT nos outros tratamentos manteve-se, durante o decorrer do período de armazenamento, em torno de 21 mg de N-BVT/100g. As amostras controle apresentaram aumento de pH, a partir do 30º dia de armazenamento, tendo seu valor máximo (6,98) no 50º dia. Os tratamentos com atmosferas modificadas mostraram comportamento de valores de pH ao longo do armazenamento semelhantes e próximos ao pH inicial (6,4). A maioria dos tratamentos ultrapassou o limite proposto pela legislação no 30o dia de estocagem (7 Log. de UFC/g). Durante o período de armazenamento não foi detectada a presença de Salmonela nem de E. coli. . Os índices de TBA mantiveram-se abaixo de 1,5 mg MA/Kg, os padrões de cor oscilaram pouco e a textura (força de cisalhamento) variaram entre 2,39 e 6,88N. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a embalagem B(100 % CO2), se destacou das demais, apresentando um bom desempenho, estendendo o prazo de vida-útil por até 45 dias, sendo eficaz para manutenção dos parâmetros físico-químicos e de qualidade dentro dos limites de aceitabilidade propostos pela legislação vigente. / Fish meal is a type of perishable food, which is required special cares in handling because it could be contaminated for several organisms. Under normal cooling conditions, the deadline of food shelf-life is limited by enzymatic, microbiological and oxidative deterioration processes limiting their period of distribution and marketing. The effective consolidation of aquaculture depends on the production outflow which in turn depends on product demand. For the fish consumption in Brazil be expanded, it is necessary product offering with the quality required by consumer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in pirarucu fillets (Arapaima gigas) from Manacapuru region, Amazonas, Brazil. The specimens used were adquired from fishfarm and were processed, gutted, turned into fillet and packed in plastic bags with high density of ethylene-vinyl alcohol – EVOH. The samples were submitted to 6 treatments: A (control), and four atmosphere conditions with 0.5 L of air; B – 100% of CO2; C – 40% of O2 and 60% of CO2; D – 50% of O2 and 50% of CO2; E – 30% of O2, 30% of N2 and 40% of CO2; and F – vacuum. The packaged samples were maintained under cooling in temperatures about to 2 ± 1oC, and then the samples ware submitted to analysis with eight different times of storage and cooling in an acclimated heater (zero, 1, 7, 14, 21, 30, 45 and 50 days). Physical-chemical analysis (TVB-N, pH) lipid stability (TBARS), texture (breaking strength), color and microbiology were examined. The samples stored under aerobic conditions (A) showed fast increase of N-BVT values, with a peak on day 50th of storage (67.59mg TVB-N/100g). The production of TVB-N in the others treatments kept up about 21mg TVB-N /100g thought of storage time. The samples from treatment A (control) showed an increase of pH from the 30th day of storage getting its maximum value (6.98) on the 50th day. The others treatments demonstrated equal pH behavior, the values was near to initial pH value of the sample. The treatments exceeded the microbiological limit proposed by legislation on the 30th day of storage (7 Log de UFC/g). Throughout of the storage stage was not detected the occurrence of Salmonella e E. coli. . The TBA indexes remained below 1.5 mg MA / kg, the color patterns varied little and texture (shear force) ranged between 2.39 and 6.88 N. According to the results of this study, was concluded that the package B (100% CO2), distinguished from the others treatments, showing a fine performance, increasing the deadline of lifetime up to 45 days. Therefore this time is effective to the physical-chemical parameters maintenance and the quality of the fish within the limits of acceptability proposed by legislation in vigor.
322

Deterioração controlada de sementes de tres hibridos interespecificos de capim elefante x milheto / Controlled deterioration of seeds of three interespecific hybrids of elephant grass x pearl millet

Pozitano, Marina 21 February 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Roberto Usberti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T00:03:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pozitano_Marina_M.pdf: 496046 bytes, checksum: 6a3e550ffaca118448a75885d0a00c2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: O híbrido interespecífico Pennisetum purpureum (capim-elefante) x P. glaucum (milheto) foi desenvolvido com o intuito de aliar a rusticidade e a elevada produção de forragem do capim-elefante com o alto potencial de produção de sementes puras do milheto. Entretanto, revelou baixa uniformidade fenotípica (± 50,0%) e produção de sementes puras (5-10,0%). Através de seleção recorrente, obtiveram-se duas populações (Corte e Pastoreio) com elevada uniformidade fenotípica (= 80,0%) e boa produção de sementes puras (± 30,0%). Para facilitar o uso e o estabelecimento dessas sementes, tornou-se necessário pesquisar o seu comportamento em relação às condições de armazenamento e à deterioração controlada. Foram utilizados para cada híbrido, cinco graus de umidades e três temperaturas (40, 50 e 65°C). Para cada combinação de umidade e temperatura, as sementes foram embaladas em papel de alumínio multifoliado e semeadas periodicamente, permanecendo nas estufas até se obter curvas completas de deterioração. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado detectou diferenças de vigor entre os períodos de tempo para cada híbrido e, entre os híbridos, para 72 horas de envelhecimento. A seleção recorrente não alterou a armazenabilidade das sementes dos híbridos, mas alterou o tamanho das sementes. A seleção recorrente aumentou a qualidade inicial (Ki) e o tamanho das sementes na população de Pastoreio (plantas mais baixas e mais perfilhadas), sendo que o inverso ocorreu na população de Corte (plantas mais altas e menos perfilhadas). As constantes obtidas para os híbridos Corte, Paraíso e Pastoreio foram: Ke = 8,417; 7,735; 8,285; Cw = 5,037; 4,658; 4,522; Ch = 0,02309; 0,01969; 0,03655;Cq = 0,000436; 0,000403; 0,000300. Foi possível obter uma equação única de viabilidade para os híbridos, com constantes iguais a: Ke = 8,033; Cw = 4,662; Ch = 0,02544; = 0,000386 / Abstract: The interespecific hybrid Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) x P. glaucum (pearl millet) has been developed aiming to get the rusticity and high forage production of elephant grass and the high production of pure seeds of pearl millet. However, it revealed low phenotypic uniformity (around 50.0%) as well as low pure seed production (5 -10.0%). A recurrent selection scheme has been applied, resulting in two populations (Cutting- and Grazing-types), showing high phenotypic uniformity (around 80.0%) and a good pure seed production (around 30.0%). In order to allow the using and the establishment of those hybrid seeds, it has been necessary to analyze their performances in relation to storage conditions and controlled deterioration. Five moisture content levels and three storage temperature (40, 50 and 65°C) have been used for each hybrid. Seed sub samples for each moisture content and storage temperature combination were sealed in laminated aluminum foiled packets and stored at those temperatures until complete survival curves have been obtained. Accelerated aging test revealed vigour differences among storage periods for each hybrid as well as at 72-hour period among the hybrids. The recurrent selection has not changed seed storability of the hybrids however altered their seed sizes. The recurrent selection increased seed initial quality (Ki) and seed size for Grazing-type population (lower and high-tillered plants); however inverse results were observed at Cutting-type population (higher and low-tillered plants). Viability equation constants estimated for hybrids Cutting-type, Paraíso and Grazing-type were: e = 8,417; 7,735; 8,285; Cw = 5,037; 4,658; 4,522; Ch = 0,02309; 0,01969; 0,03655;Cq = 0,000436; 0,000403; 0,000300, respectively. It has been feasible estimating the viability equation for the hybrids, through the constants Ke = 8,033; Cw = 4,662; Ch = 0,02544; = 0,000386 / Mestrado / Tecnologia Pós-Colheita / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola
323

Metodologia de Inspeção em Estruturas de Pontes de Concreto Armado / Methodology for inspection of concret bridges

EUQUERES, Priscilla 25 November 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:03:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Priscilla Euqueres - pre textual.pdf: 132659 bytes, checksum: b6f2adfbed9691f924350c313a19a065 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-25 / The objective this work is to develop and implement a methodology for special inspection on Concrete Bridges trough the quantitative analysis of the degree of deterioration of the structures so that it can serve as a basis for making decisions related to the rehabilitation of these structures. In order to develop and apply the methodology on concrete bridges, the existing methods of inspection of concrete structures were studied and adapted to the adapting to the concrete bridges. The methodology was based on GDE/UnB model in their latest formulation (Fonseca,2007) and adapted to the tables with the elements to be analyzed, together with the pathological manifestations that can occur in each element, timing and interventions classification of the level of deterioration and the relevant factors to each family of concrete bridges. A pilot study was proposed to validate the methodology. Results showed that there was a need for further adaptation, to consider the caculations of the degree of deterioration of both the family or the. With the changes proposed in the pilot study were made over 11 (eleven) inspections in order to validate the proposed methodology. With the results obtained it was concluded that the methodology for inspection of bridges is valid and of great importance to public organisms and surveyors to make decisions about the best time and the best item to be rehabilitated, being a single element, as a family elements, or the structure as a whole. One downside is that the methodoly for bridges with lenght greater than 70 meters most be used with caution, because the median openings are difficult to visual assessment. However the methodology can be used in order to obtain basic understanding of the visible elements, and after the intervention, we can make another more detailed analysis using not only the elements of routine inspection as binoculars, measuring tape, camera, among others, but also nautical elements, which provide the best viewing responsible for the inspection of the median elements / O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver e aplicar uma metodologia para inspeção especial das estruturas de pontes de concreto armado por meio da análise quantitativa do grau de deterioração das estruturas para que esta possa servir de embasamento para tomada de decisões relacionadas à reabilitação. Para desenvolver e aplicar a metodologia em estruturas de pontes de concreto armado foram realizados estudos de metodologias de inspeção em estruturas já existentes, adequando-as à estrutura de pontes. Tomou-se como base e modelo a metodologia GDE/UnB em sua última formulação (Fonseca, 2007) e adaptaram-se as tabelas com os elementos a serem analisados, juntamente com as manifestações patológicas que podem ocorrer em cada elemento, prazos para intervenções e intervalos para classificação quanto ao nível de deterioração e os fatores de relevância para cada família de elementos das estruturas de pontes. Para validar a metodologia proposta fez-se um Estudo Piloto, onde foi verificada a necessidade de uma adaptação, envolvendo os cálculos dos graus de deterioração tanto da família quanto da estrutura como um todo. Com as modificações propostas no Estudo Piloto foram feitos outras 11 (onze) inspeções a fim de validar a metodologia proposta. Com os resultados obtidos concluiu-se que a metodologia desenvolvida para inspeções de pontes é válida e de grande importância para que órgãos públicos e vistoriadores tomem decisões quanto ao melhor prazo e melhor elemento estrutural a ser reabilitado, podendo ser ele um elemento isolado, uma ou mais família de elementos ou a estrutura como um todo. Um ponto negativo da metodologia é que, para pontes com extensão maior que 70m, sua utilização fica comprometida, pois os vãos medianos são difíceis de avaliação visual. Entretanto a metodologia pode ser utilizada para que se obtenha uma avaliação preliminar dos elementos visíveis e, após intervenção, pode-se fazer outra análise mais minuciosa utilizando não só os elementos de inspeção rotineira como: binóculos, trena, câmera fotográfica com zoom, entre outros, mas também elementos náuticos, os quais proporcionam ao responsável pela inspeção melhor visualização dos elementos medianos.
324

Detecção por PCR em tempo real e identificação molecular de clostridium estertheticum proveniente de carne bovina e ambientes de matadouros frigoríficos brasileiros / Detection by PCR realtime and molecular identification of clostridium estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse brazilian

Marra, Kelly Nobre 09 May 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-12-21T16:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-12-26T14:21:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T14:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Kelly Nobre Marra - 2012.pdf: 2565911 bytes, checksum: f0057800bcb5bba97865ae5ccc3e4507 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The involvement of Clostridium estertheticum as agents of deterioration of chilled beef packaged under vacuum from slaughterhouse brazilian, has been reported since 2007. Once detected, and presents the main sources of contamination in slaughter establishments, there was the need to advance the search for new knowledge about this Clostridia, however, the classical microbiological methods for their detection are considered difficult to implement because they require hard work and take a long time. PCR can be a quick and efficient detection of clostridia incriminated in the deterioration of beef chilled vacuum packaged and refrigerated environments slaughterhouses, without isolation of pure cultures. The objective of this study was to develop a test for realtime PCR for detection of Clostridium estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse brazilian, as well as the molecular identification of isolates of Clostridium estertheticum by means of AFLP and RFLP techniques - PCR. The analytical results were compared with conventional PCR and confirmed by isolation. The Real-Time PCR assay for detection of Clostridium estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse brazilian, was efficient. Evidence for the presence and distribution of C. estertheticum the sources studied and the technique of RT-PCR provided the highest percentage of positive samples from slaughterhouses that refrigerators Conventional PCR, and this is confirmed by isolation, which has become an important alternative for the detection of C. estertheticum in bovine meat and environments of slaughterhouse without isolation. The isolates used showed general similarity of 42.4%, suggesting high genetic diversity. In addition, the isolates obtained from samples of ambient and refrigerated meat tufted not show significant similarity, greater than 80%, used with any typical strain. The similarity found between the isolates may be indicative of possible similarity between those from meats and puffed from between those environments and equipment. The study revealed that additional steps necessary x for the characterization of Brazilian isolates, especially sequencing of other regions of the DNA so as to determine their taxonomic position. / O envolvimento de Clostridium estertheticum como agente de deterioração de carnes bovinas refrigeradas embaladas a vácuo provenientes de ambientes de frigoríficos no Brasil, vem sendo relatado desde 2007. Uma vez detectados, bem como apontadas as principais fontes de contaminação nos estabelecimentos de abate, surgiu à necessidade de avançar na busca de novos conhecimentos sobre esses clostrídios. No entanto, os métodos microbiológicos clássicos para sua detecção são considerados de difícil execução, pois exigem muito trabalho e demandam muito tempo. A PCR pode ser uma alternativa rápida e eficiente para detecção de clostrídios incriminados na deterioração de carnes bovinas refrigeradas embaladas a vácuo e ambientes de matadouros-frigoríficos, sem a necessidade de isolamento em culturas puras. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo desenvolver um ensaio de PCR em Tempo Real para detecção de Clostridium estertheticum em carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos brasileiros, assim como a identificação molecular de isolados de Clostridium estertheticum, por meio das técnicas RFLP e AFLP – PCR. Os resultados analíticos foram comparados com PCR Convencional e confirmados pelo isolamento. O ensaio PCR em Tempo Real desenvolvido para detecção de Clostridium estertheticum em carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos brasileiros, mostrou-se eficiente. Evidencia-se a presença e disseminação de C. estertheticum nas fontes estudadas e a técnica de PCR em Tempo Real proporcionou maior percentual de positividade para amostras de matadouros- frigoríficos que a técnica de PCR Convencional, sendo este confirmado pelo isolamento, o que demonstra ser uma alternativa importante na detecção de C. estertheticum de carnes bovinas e superfícies diversas de matadouros-frigoríficos sem a necessidade de isolamento. Os isolados utilizados revelaram similaridade geral de 42,4%, sugerindo alta diversidade genética. Além viii disso, os isolados obtidos a partir de amostras de ambientes frigoríficos e carnes tufadas não apresentaram similaridade significativa, maior que 80%, com nenhuma cepa padrão utilizada. A similaridade encontrada entre os isolados pode ser indicativa de possível semelhança entre aqueles provenientes de carnes tufadas e entre aqueles provenientes de ambientes e equipamentos. O estudo mostrou serem necessárias etapas complementares de caracterização dos isolados brasileiros, principalmente sequenciamento de outras regiões do DNA para assim determinar sua posição taxonômica.
325

Postcosecha de la ALSTROEMERIA VAR. “IRENA”: determinación de la tasa respiratoria y efecto de la aplicación de etileno

Villaseca M., Maureen January 2005 (has links)
No description available.
326

Toxidez por cobre: reflexos na qualidade de sementes e no desenvolvimento inicial de aveia preta / Copper toxicity: reflections on seed quality and initial development of black oats

Comiran, Mariane 24 February 2017 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / in the soill elevated over the years through anthropogenic actions such as the application of manure and cupping fungicides. As a reflection of these increases the establishment and development of plants grown in these environments can be limited and compromised. Considering the particularities of the different species in resisting and completing their cycle on these conditions this work aimed to evaluate Cu interference on the establishment and initial growth of black oats. The treatments were set up in 5x2 bifactorial, with five concentrations of copper (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 μM) and two sub lots (vigor levels). Thus, analyzes of physiological parameters of black oat seedlings and plants from two sub lots, one artificially aged and another not, both originated from a single lot, were performed. Two experiments were carried out; in the first one, physiological parameters were evaluated which comprise the establishment capacity of the seedlings such as the first count and germination test in B.O.D germinator with controlled conditions; the second one consisted in hydroponic plant cultivation and evaluated physiological parameters of growth, such as length and dry mass of shoot and root, and length and total dry mass. A completely randomized design was adopted in both experiments, being the second one in a split-split plot arrangement. Cu concentrations did not affect seedling establishment capacity, on the other hand the vigor of the seed sub lot affected this ability, with more vigorous (not aged) seeds sub lot having a better establishment. Cu concentrations were detrimental to the initial growth of black oat plants above 60 μM independent of sub lot studied. Seedlings from the non-aged sub lot (high vigor) presented higher initial growth than those from the aged sub lot (low vigor), however acclimatization in the hydroponic system equaled them in root growth and caused an inversion in the total plant growth, being this higher in low vigor sub lot plants. / O cobre (Cu) está entre os metais cujos teores em solo foram elevados ao longo dos anos em decorrência de ações antrópicas como a aplicação de dejetos de animas e fungicidas cúpricos. Como reflexo destes aumentos o estabelecimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas cultivadas nestes ambientes pode ser limitado e comprometido. Consideradas as particularidades das diferentes espécies em resistirem e completarem seu ciclo sobre estas condições pretendeu-se com este trabalho avaliar a interferência do Cu sobre o estabelecimento e crescimento inicial da aveia preta. Os tratamentos foram configurados em bifatorial 5x2, com cinco concentrações de cobre (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 μM) e dois sublotes (níveis de vigor). Nesse sentido, foram realizadas análises dos parâmetros fisiológicos de plântulas e plantas de aveia preta de dois sublotes de sementes, um envelhecido e outro não envelhecido, ambos originados de um único lote. Foram realizados dois experimentos; o primeiro, avaliou parâmetros fisiológicos que compreendem a capacidade de estabelecimento das plântulas, através dos testes de primeira contagem e germinação de sementes em germinador tipo BOD com condições controladas; o segundo experimento, consistiu do cultivo de plantas em sistema hidropônico e avaliou parâmetros fisiológicos de crescimento, como o comprimento e a massa seca de parte aérea e raiz, e comprimento e massa seca total. Foi adotado delineamento inteiramente casualizado em ambos os experimentos, sendo o segundo experimento com arranjo experimental em parcela sub subdividida. As concentrações de Cu não afetaram a capacidade de estabelecimento de plântulas, por outro lado o vigor do sublote de sementes afetou esta capacidade, sendo que melhor estabelecimento foi observado no sublote não envelhecido (alto vigor). O crescimento inicial de plantas de aveia preta foi influenciado negativamente por concentrações de Cu superiores a 60 μM independente do sublote em estudo. Plântulas oriundas do sublote não envelhecido (alto vigor) apresentaram crescimento inicial superior as oriundas do sublote envelhecido (baixo vigor), entretanto a aclimatação em sistema hidropônico as igualou em crescimento de raiz e ocasionou uma inversão no crescimento total da planta, sendo este superior em plantas do sublote de baixo vigor.
327

Development of A Practical Model for Pavement Management Systems / 道路舗装マネジメントシステム普及のための実践的モデル

Hamzah Suharman 26 March 2012 (has links)
Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第16818号 / 工博第3539号 / 新制||工||1535(附属図書館) / 29493 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 小林 潔司, 教授 大津 宏康, 教授 河野 広隆 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当
328

Élaboration et caractérisation d’un écociment à base de poudre de mâchefer de charbon / Elaboration and characterization of coal bottom ash powder eco-cement

Savadogo, Nafissatou 15 July 2017 (has links)
Ce travail de recherche s'inscrit dans une dynamique de valorisation des sous-produits industriels locaux dans l'industrie cimentière. Il porte essentiellement sur la possibilité d'utiliser la poudre de mâchefer de charbon produit par la SONICHAR au Niger pour élaborer des ciments composés. Après une caractérisation physico-chimique et environnementale de la poudre de mâchefer, nous avons déterminé sa réactivité pouzzolanique et son indice d'activité mécanique. Les résultats montrent que la poudre de mâchefer présente une pouzzolanicité dont la cinétique relativement lente ne démarre pas avant 14 jours. D'autre part, ce mâchefer peut être considéré comme une addition minérale du type Il selon la norme EN 206-1 avec un indice d'activité de 0,76. C'est pourquoi nous l'avons utilisé pour élaborer trois ciments composés de type CEM 11/A avec une classe de résistance de 42,5 lorsque le taux de substitution est de 10% et une classe de résistance de 32,5 lorsque Je taux de substitution est de 15% et 20%. Des mortiers normaux ont été élaborés à partir de ces ciments et caractérisés sur les plans physiques et mécaniques. La durabilité des mortiers a également été étudiée notamment du point de vue de la cinétique de carbonatation et de lixiviation en présence de nitrate d'ammonium. Il ressort en définitive que la poudre de mâchefer peut bien être incorporée comme addition dans l’élaboration de ciments composés. Les caractéristiques mécaniques à long terme (90 jours) et la durabilité des mortiers confectionnés à partir de ces ciments sont conservées lorsque le taux de substitution n'excède pas 10%. / This research is part of a process of valorization of local industrial by-products in the cement industry. lt focuses on the possibility f using coal bottom ash powder produced by SONICHAR in Niger as cement partial addition. After a physicochemical and environmental characterization of the coal bottom ash powder, we determined its pozzolanic reactivity and it mechanical activity index. The results show that the coal bottom ash powder presents a pozzolanicity whose relatively slow kinetics do ne start before 14 days. On the other hand, this coal bottom ash can be considered as a mineral addition of type 11 according to the standard EN 206-1 with an activity index of 0.76. This is why we used it to develop three CEM 11/A composite cements with a strength class of 42.5 when the substitution rate is 10% and a strength class of 32.5 when the rate of substitution is 15% and 20%. Normal mortars have been formulated with these cements and are characterized physically and mechanically. The durability of the mortars has also been studied, in particular from the point of view of the kinetics of carbonation and leaching in the presence of ammonium nitrate. Finally, it appears that the coal bottom ash powder may indeed be incorporated as an addition in the preparation of composite cements. The long-term mechanical characteristics (90 days) and the durability of the mortars made from these cements are preserved when the substitution rate does not exceed 10%.
329

Dégradation du béton armé sous actions sévères : Etude du comportement résiduel de l’adhérence à l’aide de la technique d’émission acoustique / Degradation of reinforced concrete under severe actions : Study of residual behaviour of adherence using acoustic emission technique

Nguyen, Nhan Hoa 04 December 2014 (has links)
De nos jours, le béton est le matériau de construction le plus utilisé dans le monde en raison de ses performances mécaniques, sa facilité de mise en oeuvre, son coût compétitif et sa « recyclabilité ». Toutefois, compte tenu de son caractère fragile en terme mécanique et de sa faible résistance à la traction, il est souvent renforcé par des armatures métalliques qui lui confèrent une bonne ténacité et une meilleure aptitude à supporter les efforts de traction. Ce composite béton-armature ne peut cependant assurer efficacement son rôle que si les deux composants sont étroitement liés l’un à l’autre. C’est donc dans la qualité de l’adhérence que réside l’efficacité du transfert des efforts entre les deux matériaux. Or, dès la mise en place des ouvrages en béton armé et pendant toute la durée de leur exploitation, différentes actions et agents agresseurs peuvent modifier la qualité de cette adhérence. Il peut s’agir de phénomènes naturels comme le gel/dégel et l’action du dioxyde de carbone atmosphérique, ou des sollicitations accidentelles comme l’incendie ou encore l’action de certains agents spécifiques comme les chlorures et les sulfates. Notre objectif dans cette thèse est de qualifier les modifications d’adhérence qui résultent de quatre types de sollicitations couramment rencontrées dans la vie des ouvrages en béton armé: l’effet des températures élevées, l’effet de la carbonatation, l’effet des cycles gel/dégel, l’effet de la corrosion. Nous évaluons la qualité de l’adhérence par la mesure de la résistance à l’arrachement et par l’analyse du comportement résiduel sous sollicitation mécanique. La technique d’émission acoustique est utilisée pour localiser en temps réel, l’endommagement du matériau sous sollicitation. Les applications de notre étude concernent non seulement les armatures et inserts classiques du béton armé mais aussi les nombreux dispositifs constructifs des structures mixtes acier – béton qui utilisent les liaisons par goujons pour relier les deux matériaux. / Nowadays, concrete is the most used construction material in the world because of its mechanical performances, its ability to be molded or cast, its competitive cost and its recyclability. However, concrete has a low ductility and a relatively low tensile strength compared to other construction materials. Therefore, concrete is often reinforced by steel rebars to improve the ductility and tensile strength. Nevertheless, to make reinforced concrete being highly efficient material, the two components need to be correctly bonded each to other. The bond quality the efficiency of the force transfer between rebar and concrete surrounding ensures. In fact, since the casting of concrete and during the service life of reinforced concrete structure, various actions such corrosion action, freeze/thaw attack and chemical attack etc. may affect the bond quality. The objective of this PhD research work is to qualify the changes of adhesion property causing by four types of action which frequently takes place in the service life of reinforced concrete structures: the effect of high temperatures, the effect of carbonation, the effect of cycles freeze/thaw, the effect of corrosion. The concrete-rebar bond quality is evaluated by doing pull-out tests under static mechanical action and measuring the bond strength and analyzing residual behaviour. Moreover, the acoustic emission technique is used to locate the cracks and evaluate the cracking evolution in real time. The founding of this study can be also extended to apply to other concrete-steel structures like composite structures in which headed studs are used to connect steel profiles to concrete.
330

Factors of trust and trust deterioration in supplier-buyer relationships : A view of the German automotive and aerospace industry

Hemberger, Torben Michael, Hildebrandt, Torben January 2017 (has links)
Trust is an integral part in a supplier-buyer relationship. Especially in highly technological industries like the automotive- and aerospace industry this topic is of great importance. However, in contrast to the factors affecting the trust building process, which are researched very well, trust deterioration, its indicators, and counteractions to prevent trust deterioration were overlooked so far. The purpose of this study is to categorize different factors for trust as well as to contribute knowledge to trust deterioration by finding indicators and counteractions to prevent this. The study is partly based on the model of perceived trustworthiness and its three dimensions by Mayer, Davis and Schoorman (1995). One aim of this thesis is to proof if all three dimensions still fit within both industries. Furthermore, a deductive research approach was used in order to research the suppliers’ perspective in both industries regarding trust and indicators as well as counteractions of trust deterioration. Our findings show that the dimensions’ ability and integrity from Mayer, Davis and Schoorman (1995) are still important to build trust. Furthermore, the study contributes to the not existing research by exploring several indicators of trust deterioration as well as highlighting three counteractions to prevent trust deterioration. Consequently, a trust deterioration framework is given to show the general connection between trust and indicators as well as counteraction of trust deterioration.

Page generated in 0.1236 seconds