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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeitos sedativos e cardiovasculares do midazolam e do diazepam associados ou não à clonidina, em pacientes submetidos a estudos hemodinâmicos por suspeitas de doença arterial coronariana

Nascimento, Jedson dos Santos [UNESP] 27 February 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:05:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_js_dr_botfm.pdf: 722430 bytes, checksum: e2016c502b8c938e01734e5747ae7a04 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Avaliar a qualidade da sedação e os efeitos sobre a frequencia cardiaca e a pressão arterial do midazolam e do diazepam associados ou nao a clonidina, em pacientes com suspeita de doenca coronariana. Métodos: Foi desenvolvido ensaio clinico prospectivo, duplo cego, randomizado, controlado, com 160 pacientes. Estes apresentavam teste ergometrico ou cintilografia positivos para isquemia miocardica e foram submetidos a cineangiocoronariografias diagnosticas eletivas, divididos em cinco grupos de 32 pacientes cada, de acordo com o farmaco utilizado: grupo C (clonidina 0,5 Êg.kg-1); grupo M (midazolam 40 Êg.kg-1); grupo MC (associacao do midazolam 40 Êg.kg-1 e da clonidina 0,5 Êg.kg-1); grupo D (diazepam 40 Êg.kg-1); grupo DC (associacao do diazepam 40 Êg.kg-1 e da clonidina 0,5 Êg.kg-1). A sedacao foi avaliada com base na escala de Ramsay e no consumo de meperidina (0,04 mg.kg-1) que foi utilizada nos pacientes que apresentaram agitacao ou ansiedade durante o procedimento. A PA invasiva, a FC e o escore de sedacao, foram analisados a cada 5 minutos em 4 diferentes momentos: M1 - inicio do exame; M2 - 5 minutos apos o inicio do exame; M3 - metade do tempo do exame e M4 - final do exame. Resultados: Os grupos foram homogeneos com relacao a PA, FC e sedacao no momento controle (M1). Os pacientes que utilizaram o midazolam apresentaram maiores escores de sedacao e variacao da FC e PA (p<0,05). Os que utilizaram o diazepam ou a clonidina exibiram menores e mais apropriados escores de sedacao para a realizacao do exame e apresentaram menor $ variacao da PA e da FC (p>0,05). A associacao com a clonidina potencializou de forma mais precoce e acentuada os efeitos sedativos do midazolam em relacao ao diazepam (p<0,05). O consumo de meperidina nao diferiu entre os grupos estudados (p>0,10)... / Background to evaluate the effects of midazolam, diazepam and associations with clonidine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) as well as its sedative effect on patients submitted to coronary angiography. Methods A randomized, controlled and double blind, prospective clinical trial was conducted on 160 patients submitted to an elective coronary angiography. All of them have ergometric test or miocardic cintilography positive to ischemia. They were divided into five groups with 32 patients each: C group (clonidine 0,5 ìg.kg-1); M group (midazolam 40 ìg.kg-1); DC group (midazolam 40 ìg.kg-1 and clonidine 0,5 ìg/kg associated); D group (diazepam 40 ìg/kg); DC group (diazepam 40 ìg/kg and clonidine 0,5 ìg.kg-1 associated). Sedation was evaluated based on the Ramsay Scale. Administration of a 0,04 mg.kg-1 dose of meperidine was given to the patients who were agitated or anxious during the procedure. The invasive BP, HR and sedation score based on Ramsay Scale were analyzed every five minutes and four different intervals were considered for the assessment: M1- at the start of the test; M2 5 minutes after the start of the test; M3 half time of the test; M4 at the end of the test. Results The groups were homogeneous in relation the BP, HR and sedation in the control moment (M1) and there was no difference regarding the weight, age and sex. The patients that used midazolam presented deeper sedation score and HR and BP variability (p<0,05). The patients that used diazepam or clonidine have superficial sedation score and better BP and HR stability. The association with clonidine showed the midazolam sedative effects earlier and $ deeper than diazepam (p<0,05). There was no difference in meperidine use (p>0,10) Conclusions The midazolam presented higher and deeper sedative and cardiovascular effect... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below)
2

PARTICIPAÇÃO DO SISTEMA GABAérgico NO MECANISMO DE AÇÃO ANESTÉSICA DOS ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS DE Aloysia triphylla E Cymbopogon flexuosus EM JUNDIÁS (Rhamdia quelen) / PARTICIPATION OF THE GABAergic SYSTEM IN THE ANESTHETIC ACTION MECHANISM OF Aloysia triphylla AND Cymbopogon flexuosus ESSENTIAL OILS IN SILVER CATFISH (Rhamdia quelen)

Santos, Alessandro Casale dos 21 March 2016 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study demonstrated the sedative and anesthetic activity of the essential oil (EO) of Cymbopogon flexuosus in the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The time for induction and recovery of this EO was compared with the EO of Aloysia triphylla, due to the similarity between their major components: α-citral (geranial) and β-citral (neral). Both EOs induced anesthesia at concentrations from 150 to 300 μL L-1 and sedation at 25 μL L-1. The EO of C. flexuosus was faster in inducing the initial stages of anesthesia, but there was no significant difference to reach deep anesthesia, and there was a significantly longer recovery time. Cooperative relations and the modulation of the benzodiazepine (BDZ) site of GABAa as a mechanism of action of both EOs was verified from the addition of diazepam and flumazenil to experiments (BDZ site of GABAa agonist and antagonist, respectively). The addition of diazepam (150 μM) induced potentiation in concentrations of 25, 150 and 300 μL L-1 both EOs without significant change in anesthesia recovery time. Flumazenil (10 μM) reversed the diazepam-induced anesthesia, but not the anesthesia induced by EOs at concentrations of 150 and 300 μL L-1, thus the EO of C. flexuosus induced effective sedation and anesthesia without short-term mortality and the modulation of the BDZ site of the GABAa in the anesthetic action mechanism of both EOs in this study was not demonstrated. / Este estudo demonstrou as atividades sedativa e anestésica do óleo essencial (OE) de Cymbopogon flexuosus em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). Os tempos de indução e recuperação relatados para esse OE foram comparados com o OE de Aloysia triphylla devido à semelhança entre os seus principais componentes: α-citral (geranial) e β-citral (neral). Ambos os OEs induziram anestesia nas concentrações de 150 a 300 μL L-1 e sedação a partir de 25 μL L-1. O OE de C. flexuosus induziu mais rapidamente fases iniciais da anestesia, mas não houve diferença significativa para alcançar o estágio de anestesia profunda, além de induzir um tempo de recuperação significativamente mais longo. As relações cooperativas e a modulação do site benzodiazepínico (BDZ) do receptor GABAa como mecanismo de ação de ambos OEs foram testados a partir da adição de diazepam e flumazenil aos experimentos (agonista e antagonista do site BDZ do GABAa, respectivamente). A adição de diazepam (150 μM) potencializou o efeito de ambos os OEs nas concentrações de 25, 150 e 300 μL L-1, sem induzir alteração significativa nos tempos de recuperação anestésica. O flumazenil (10 μM) reverteu a anestesia induzida pelo diazepam, mas não a anestesia induzida pelos OEs nas concentrações de 150 e 300 μL L-1, portanto o OE de C. flexuosus induziu sedação e anestesia efetivas sem mortalidade a curto prazo e a modulação do site BDZ do GABAa como mecanismo de ação anestésica de ambos OEs não ficou demonstrada neste estudo.
3

Midazolam intramuscular versus Diazepam endovenoso no tratamento da crise convulsiva em emergência pediátrica

Portela, Janete de Lourdes January 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:07:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000436763-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 467410 bytes, checksum: f234f7135286713fce26da90200be9a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Objective : compare the therapeutic efficacy of intramuscular midazolam (IM-MDZ) and intravenous diazepam (IV-DZP) to 529treat seizures in children. Methods : Randomized controlled study enrolling children (2months-14years) presenting seizures admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria between August 2010-August 2011; being randomized to receive IV-DZP or IM-MDZ as initial treatment. The groups were compared regarding the length of time to start medication, to interrupt seizures after being medicated and the total length of time to achieve the seizures interruption. Results : Venous access was not obtained in 4 minutes in 4 patients (20%) assigned to the IV-DZP. 32 children completed the study (16 in each group). IV-DZP compared to the IM-MDZ, presented the longest interval to cease seizures (10. 6 x 7. 3min; p=0. 006). Two children of each group (12. 5%) the seizures did not stop after 10 minutes, being 3 children transferred to the PICU after tracheal intubation: 1 belonging to the IM-MDZ (6. 25%0 and 2 in the IV-DZP group (12. 5%). There were not differences regarding adverse effects between the groups (p=0. 171): one child in the IM-MDZ presented hypotension (6. 3%) and 5 (31%) presented hyperactivity or vomit after receiving IV-DZP. Conclusion : Intramuscular midazolam presented lower interval to cease seizures than IV diazepam. Intrauscular midazolam demonstrate be ans excellent o treat seizures in children as a result of its efficacy, facility and fast administration. / Objetivo : Comparar a eficácia terapêutica da administração de Midazolam Intramuscular (MZ-IM) e do Diazepam Endovenoso (DZP-EV) em crianças com crise convulsiva.Método : Estudo randomizado e controlado, envolvendo crianças com crise convulsiva (2 meses a 14 anos) admitidas ao serviço de Emergência do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria no período de agosto de 2010 a agosto 2011, sendo randomizadas a receber DZP-EV ou MZ-IM como tratamento inicial para convulsões. Os grupos foram comparados em relação ao tempos necessário para iniciar a medicação, para ceder a crise após a administração do fármaco e o tempo total para ceder a crise. Resultados : Não foi obtido acesso venoso aos 4 minutos em 4 pacientes (20%) assinalados ao grupo DZP-EV. Resultaram 32 crianças que completaram o estudo (16 em cada grupo). O DZP-EV apresentou tempo total maior para ceder à crise convulsiva quando comparado ao MZ-IM (10,6 x 7,3 min; p=0,006). Em 2 crianças de cada grupo (12,5%) a crise não cedeu após 10 minutos de tratamento, 3 crianças foram transferidos para a UTI pediátrica, após serem intubadas: 1 (6,25%) do grupo MDZ-IM e 2 (12,5%) do DZP-EV. Não houve diferença quanto a efeitos adversos entre os grupos (p=0,171): uma criança (6,3%) apresentou (hipotensão) após receber MDZ-IM e outras cinco crianças (31%) apresentaram (hiperatividade ou vomito) após receberem DZP-EV. Conclusão : Midazolam intramuscular apresentou menor tempo total para ceder a crise convulsiva que o diazepam endovenoso. Midazolam intramuscular mostrou ser excelente opção no tratamento de crises convulsivas na infância pela eficácia, facilidade e rapidez de aplicação.
4

Estudio computacional del receptor GABA_A α1ß2γ2 y su interacción con moléculas de interés biológico en el sitio de unión de benzodiazepinas

Amundarain, María Julia 15 March 2019 (has links)
Los receptores GABA_A son canales iónicos activados por ligandos y funcionan como los principales mediadores de la inhibición en el sistema nervioso central de mamíferos. Están formados por cinco subunidades formando un poro central conductor de iones. Cada combinación de subunidades presenta una función y localización determinada, de las cuales el subtipo α1ß2γ2 es el más abundante en el ser humano. Los receptores GABA_A intervienen en una miríada de procesos neurológicos y su desregulación genera las denominadas canalopatías. Por lo cual, el estudio de estos sistemas es indispensable para el desarrollo de fármacos y de tratamientos para mejorar la calidad de vida. En este trabajo de tesis se propone el estudio in silico del receptor GABA_A α1ß2γ2 mediante el empleo de técnicas de bioinformática y biofísica computacional, que incluyen simulaciones de docking molecular, dinámica molecular y técnicas de muestreo avanzado. Se desarrolló un modelo por homología del receptor empleando el receptor GABA_A homopent mero de subunidades ß3. El modelo fue validado a través de un cuidadoso análisis de su estereoquímica y su estabilidad mediante simulaciones de dinámica molecular. A continuación, se realizó un exhaustivo análisis de la unión de compuestos a dos sitios de unión en el dominio extracelular del modelo: el sitio ortostérico (donde se unen los ligandos que actúan directamente sobre la activación del canal) y el sitio de unión de gran afinidad de las benzodiazepinas (moduladores alostéricos). Los modos de unión encontrados fueron contrastados con información experimental disponible y se halló muy buena concordancia. El trabajo finalizó con el primer estudio computacional sobre la interacción putativa entre este receptor y la proteína DBI y fragmentos peptídicos derivados de su digestión. Este análisis permitió elaborar, por primera vez, una hipótesis respecto a los residuos involucrados en la interacción. / GABA_A receptors are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels which act as the main mediators of inhibitory signalling in the central nervous system of mammals. They are formed by five subunits arranged around a central ion-conducting pore. Each combination of subunits has a specific function and localization, the α1ß2γ2 subtype being the most abundant in homo sapiens. These receptors intervene in a myriad of neurological processes and their disregulation cause several channelopathies. Although they are very complex systems, their study is fundamental for the development of new drugs and therapies aimed at improving life quality. In this thesis we performed an in silico study of the α1ß2γ2 GABA_A receptor through the use of bioinformatics and computational biophysics tools, which include molecular docking, molecular dynamics and enhanced sampling techniques. A homology model was developed using the structure of the GABAA_A ß3 homopentamer. The model was validated through a thorough analysis of its stereochemistry and its stability was evaluated from molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, an exhaustive evaluation of the binding modes of ligands to two extracellular sites was performed: the orthosteric site (ligands which act directly on the activation of the channel) and the high affinity binding site for benzodiazepines (allosteric modulators). The comparison of the binding modes to available experimental information showed great agreement. Finally, a computational study was carried out for the first time regarding the putative interaction of this receptor with DBI and its peptide fragments. This study allowed the formulation of the first hypotheses regarding the aminoacids involved in the interaction.
5

Midazolam intramuscular versus Diazepam endovenoso no tratamento da crise convulsiva em emerg?ncia pedi?trica

Portela, Janete de Lourdes 21 December 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:32:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 436763.pdf: 467410 bytes, checksum: f234f7135286713fce26da90200be9a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-21 / Objective : compare the therapeutic efficacy of intramuscular midazolam (IM-MDZ) and intravenous diazepam (IV-DZP) to 529treat seizures in children.Methods : Randomized controlled study enrolling children (2months-14years) presenting seizures admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department of the Hospital Universit?rio de Santa Maria between August 2010-August 2011; being randomized to receive IV-DZP or IM-MDZ as initial treatment. The groups were compared regarding the length of time to start medication, to interrupt seizures after being medicated and the total length of time to achieve the seizures interruption.Results : Venous access was not obtained in 4 minutes in 4 patients (20%) assigned to the IV-DZP. 32 children completed the study (16 in each group). IV-DZP compared to the IM-MDZ, presented the longest interval to cease seizures (10.6 x 7.3min; p=0.006). Two children of each group (12.5%) the seizures did not stop after 10 minutes, being 3 children transferred to the PICU after tracheal intubation: 1 belonging to the IM-MDZ (6.25%0 and 2 in the IV-DZP group (12.5%). There were not differences regarding adverse effects between the groups (p=0.171): one child in the IM-MDZ presented hypotension (6.3%) and 5 (31%) presented hyperactivity or vomit after receiving IV-DZP.Conclusion : Intramuscular midazolam presented lower interval to cease seizures than IV diazepam. Intrauscular midazolam demonstrate be ans excellent o treat seizures in children as a result of its efficacy, facility and fast administration. / Objetivo : Comparar a efic?cia terap?utica da administra??o de Midazolam Intramuscular (MZ-IM) e do Diazepam Endovenoso (DZP-EV) em crian?as com crise convulsiva.M?todo : Estudo randomizado e controlado, envolvendo crian?as com crise convulsiva (2 meses a 14 anos) admitidas ao servi?o de Emerg?ncia do Hospital Universit?rio de Santa Maria no per?odo de agosto de 2010 a agosto 2011, sendo randomizadas a receber DZP-EV ou MZ-IM como tratamento inicial para convuls?es. Os grupos foram comparados em rela??o ao tempos necess?rio para iniciar a medica??o, para ceder a crise ap?s a administra??o do f?rmaco e o tempo total para ceder a crise.Resultados : N?o foi obtido acesso venoso aos 4 minutos em 4 pacientes (20%) assinalados ao grupo DZP-EV. Resultaram 32 crian?as que completaram o estudo (16 em cada grupo). O DZP-EV apresentou tempo total maior para ceder ? crise convulsiva quando comparado ao MZ-IM (10,6 x 7,3 min; p=0,006). Em 2 crian?as de cada grupo (12,5%) a crise n?o cedeu ap?s 10 minutos de tratamento, 3 crian?as foram transferidos para a UTI pedi?trica, ap?s serem intubadas: 1 (6,25%) do grupo MDZ-IM e 2 (12,5%) do DZP-EV. N?o houve diferen?a quanto a efeitos adversos entre os grupos (p=0,171): uma crian?a (6,3%) apresentou (hipotens?o) ap?s receber MDZ-IM e outras cinco crian?as (31%) apresentaram (hiperatividade ou vomito) ap?s receberem DZP-EV.Conclus?o : Midazolam intramuscular apresentou menor tempo total para ceder a crise convulsiva que o diazepam endovenoso. Midazolam intramuscular mostrou ser excelente op??o no tratamento de crises convulsivas na inf?ncia pela efic?cia, facilidade e rapidez de aplica??o.

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