In educational research to date, many studies have tried to explain how to reduce the gap between theory and practice in science education. Parts of this research have been conducted through the medium of didactic models. Didactic models are frameworks which can help teachers make their didactic choices explicit for themselves as well as in communication with colleagues. Organizing purposes is one of these didactic models, a model which focuses on educational learning progression. In action research methodology we set out to find how a teacher’s learning progression practice could be affected by an implementation of organizing purposes. We used observations and interviews during a pilot study and three design cycles to collect out data. During our study we got to see how the didactic model organizing purposes could be useful for a teacher by giving structure to their work with learning progression in science education. We also saw what changed in the teacher’s teaching during the implementation of organizing purposes. Lastly, we found what factors the teacher saw as important and necessary for the didactic model to work. These were all linked to collaborative engagement. / I skolans värld har det gjorts flera undersökningar om hur man kan minska på gapet mellan teori och praktik i NO-undervisningen. Några av dessa undersökningar har gjorts med fokus på didaktiska modeller. Didaktiska modeller ger lärare en begreppsram som hen kan använda både när läraren strukturerar sin undervisning och när hen ska kommunicera sina didaktiska val i diskussion med kollegor. Organiserande syften är en didaktisk modell som är skapad så att läraren kan spetsa till sitt arbete med lärandeprogression. I denna undersökning användes aktionsforskning för att ta reda på hur en lärare kan använda sig av organiserande syften för att arbeta med lärandeprogression. Vi använder oss av observation och intervju för att under en pilotstudie samt tre designcykler samla data om hur läraren införlivar organiserande syften i sin undervisning. I resultat ser vi hur den didaktiska modellen organiserande syften hjälper läraren att få ett mer strukturerat arbetssätt för att uppnå lärandeprogression i NO-undervisningen. Vi har också sett vilka förändringar införlivningen av den didaktiska modellen i praktiken fått för lärarens undervisning. Slutligen har vi kunnat konstatera vilka faktorer läraren ser som viktiga för att den didaktiska modellen ska kunna fungera i praktiken.

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the increase of knowledge about how the didactic model “organizing purposes” can be utilized within a preschool environment, as support in didactic analysis and design of exploratory teaching of the chemistry concepts: mixing and separating. In this study we have implemented the research approach action research and within this framework exemplified how the didactic model organizing purposes can be used as support in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of teaching. We will study this with the help of our teaching activity that is based on “geggamoja”. Based on this, we have together with children in the age of four to five years old completed two teaching cycles and started a third cycle. We’ve systematically planned, acted, observed and reflected on the teaching design with the help of the conceptual apparatus that establish the didactical model organizing purposes: ultimate purposes, proximate purposes, end-in-view and continuity. The data for the analysis and evaluation of the teaching design was collected through observation, sound recordings and field notes of the teaching cycles that took place. The results of this study show that the model organizing purposes acted as support in making improvements. The conceptual apparatus also proved to give support in analyzing, evaluating and improving a teaching activity. To make learning meaningful and understandable for the children participating, and as a result contribute to their knowledge development. Our conclusion of this study is that educators can use organizing purposes as support in systematically improving the quality of teaching chemistry in early childhood education. / Syftet med denna studie är att öka kunskapen om hur den didaktiska modellen organiserande syften kan användas som stöd för didaktisk analys och design av en utforskande undervisning i förskola kring kemibegreppen blanda och separera. Vi har använt oss av aktionsforskning som forskningsansats och inom ramen för detta gjort en didaktisk modellering där vi exemplifierat hur organiserande syften kan användas som stöd i planering, genomförande och utvärdering av undervisning. Detta genom vår undervisningsaktivitet som tar utgångspunkt i geggamoja. Utifrån detta har vi tillsammans med fyra- till femåringar genomfört två undervisningscyklar och påbörjat en tredje. Vi har systematiskt planerat, agerat, observerat och reflekterat med hjälp av begreppsapparaten som utgör den didaktiska modellen organiserande syften: övergripande syfte, närliggande syfte, mål-i-sikte och kontinuitet. Insamlingen av data för analys och utvärdering av undervisningsdesignen i syftet att förbättra designen skedde genom observation, ljudinspelning och fältanteckningar under undervisningsaktiviteterna. I resultatet framkommer det att modellen organiserande syften var ett stöd för att göra förbättringar och att begreppsapparaten var ett stöd i analysen, då man skulle utvärdera och förbättra en undervisningsaktivitet. Det vill säga så att undervisningsaktiviteten blir begriplig och meningsfull för alla barn som deltar och på så sätt bidrar till deras kunskapsutveckling. Vår slutsats är att den didaktiska modellen organiserande syften kan vara ett stöd för förskollärare att på ett systematiskt sätt utveckla undervisningens kvalité i ämnet kemi i förskolan.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaliceAL.pdf: 947341 bytes, checksum: 966f1f4ed5e57c11e917c7d3f532de0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In the past twenty years, there has been a significant increase of researches about teacher s professionalization. In that context, the investigations concerning teacher s knowledge represent an important contribution, as they aim to identify and to rescue the base of knowledge that sustains the teacher s profession. In particular, the reflections and propositions of Lee Shulman have been constitute a fundamental subsidy to the teacher s professionalization in the sense of harnessing the pedagogic knowledge to the content s knowledge, establishing the pedagogic knowledge of the content that characterizes and differentiates the teacher and the bachelor in a certain field of knowledge. Among the indispensable knowledge for the Chemistry teacher's professional practice, in this research we have pointed out the pertinence of the knowledge on the use of models in Chemistry classes in the middle and high school. Those knowledges regard the comprehension of students concerning the understanding and models elaborated in science and the models implemented in the Chemistry teaching, as well as the abilities to plan didactic situations that use models. In this research, we aimed to identify the contributions and barriers during the Chemistry teacher education, in UFRN, in relation to the construction of knowledge that subsidize training teachers in the elaboration of teaching activities that involve the use of models. The investigation was accomplished in UFRN, in the Course of Degree in Chemistry, along with 13 student teachers that studied the subject Practice of Chemistry Teaching. For this research, the following instruments were used: questionnaires with open and closed questions, elaboration of a plan of activities for the Chemistry teaching and an interview to answer the established study s questions. The data was analyzed in an established criteria, classified and tabled. The results showed that the student teachers representations regarding scientific knowledge contemplated, among other topics, the idea of a method for his/her construction. In some cases, the models role was emphasized in that construction, as well as the social dimension in the validation of that knowledge. The scientific models were highlighted by most of the student teachers, as a representation method to explain, understand and interpret the chemical phenomena. On the other hand, the didactic models stood out, in most of cases, as a method of aiding the Chemistry students of the Basic Education to understand the scientific models. The representations regarding those categories contemplated important aspects, although in a superficial way, reflecting the limitations of reflections during the formative process. In the elaboration of teaching activities that use models, difficulties were evidenced, in the process of plan construction, relative to the didactic structure and to the proposition of activities that contemplated models, although the student teachers have mobilized different elements regarding the pedagogic knowledge of the content. Such verifications evidence the urge for the teacher development programs to promote changes in the teacher education in order to propitiate, during this process, reflections, discussions and propositions of activities regarding categories highlighted in this research, contributing to the construction of initial elements regarding the pedagogic knowledge of the content that will be developed throughout teaching, therefore corroborating to the teacher s professionalization / Nos ?ltimos vinte anos, as pesquisas voltadas profissionaliza??o docente t?m crescido de modo expressivo. Nesse contexto, as investiga??es acerca dos saberes docentes representam uma importante contribui??o, visto que buscam identificar e resgatar a base de conhecimento que sustenta a profiss?o docente. Em particular, as reflex?es e proposi??es de Lee Shulman t?m constitu?do um subs?dio fundamental ? profissionaliza??o dos professores no sentido de atrelar os saberes pedag?gicos aos do conte?do, estabelecendo o conhecimento pedag?gico do conte?do que caracteriza e diferencia o professor e o bacharel em determinada ?rea de conhecimento. Entre os saberes imprescind?veis ao exerc?cio profissional do professor de Qu?mica, salientamos, nesta pesquisa, a pertin?ncia dos relativos ao uso de modelos nas aulas de Qu?mica nos ensinos fundamental e m?dio. Esses saberes s?o referentes ? compreens?o dos licenciandos acerca do conhecimento e modelos elaborados na ci?ncia e dos modelos adotados no ensino de Qu?mica, assim como as habilidades para planejar situa??es did?ticas que utilizem modelos. Nesta pesquisa, buscamos identificar as contribui??es e entraves, durante a forma??o inicial de professores de Qu?mica, na UFRN, em rela??o ? constru??o de saberes que subsidiem os licenciandos na elabora??o de atividades de ensino que envolvam a utiliza??o de modelos. A investiga??o foi realizada na UFRN, no Curso de Licenciatura em Qu?mica, junto a 13 licenciandos que cursavam a disciplina de Pr?tica de Ensino de Qu?mica. Para esta pesquisa, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: question?rios com perguntas abertas e fechadas, elabora??o de um plano de atividades para o ensino de Qu?mica e entrevista de modo a responder as quest?es de estudo estabelecidas. Os dados obtidos foram analisados a partir de crit?rios estabelecidos, categorizados e tabelados. Os resultados sinalizam que as representa??es dos licenciandos referentes ao conhecimento cient?fico contemplavam, entre outras quest?es, a id?ia de um m?todo para a sua constru??o. Em alguns casos, foi ressaltado o papel dos modelos nessa constru??o, bem como a dimens?o social na valida??o desse conhecimento. Os modelos cient?ficos foram destacados, pela maioria dos licenciandos, como uma forma de representa??o com finalidade de explicar, compreender e interpretar os fen?menos qu?micos. J? os modelos did?ticos foram ressaltados, na maioria dos casos, como uma forma de auxiliar os alunos de Qu?mica da Educa??o B?sica a compreender os modelos cient?ficos. As representa??es referentes a essas categorias contemplaram aspectos importantes, embora de modo superficial, refletindo as limita??es de reflex?es nesse sentido durante o processo formativo. Na elabora??o de atividades de ensino que utilizam modelos, foram evidenciadas dificuldades, no processo de constru??o do plano, relativas ? estrutura did?tica e ? proposi??o de atividades que contemplassem modelos, embora os licenciandos tenham mobilizado diferentes elementos referentes ao conhecimento pedag?gico do conte?do. Tais constata??es evidenciam a necessidade de que a ag?ncia formadora possa promover mudan?as na forma??o inicial de modo a propiciar, ao longo desse processo, reflex?es, discuss?es e proposi??es de atividades relativas ?s categorias destacadas nesta pesquisa, contribuindo para a constru??o de elementos iniciais referentes ao conhecimento pedag?gico do conte?do que ser?o desenvolvidos no decorrer da doc?ncia, corroborando, dessa forma, para a profissionaliza??o docente

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:57:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maranlaini Patricia Azevedo Schemmfelnnig_Dissertacao.pdf: 2396905 bytes, checksum: 31fedcee3e26b8dedad04f4790b8b170 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / In this dissertation I analyse the changes occurred in the didactic-methodological concepts (personal didactic models) of four teachers from High School Areas of Natural Sciences and Mathematics of the State Technical School Professor Sylvia Mello, along the attendance of a continuing education proposal referenced by the School Investigation Model-SIM. The School Investigation Model (PORLÁN; RIVERO, 1998) is grounded in three meta-disciplinary theoretical perspectives: the evolutionary perspective and constructivist of the knowledge, the complex and systemic perspective of the world and critical perspective. According to these assumptions a process of continuing education consists of four stages or methodological moments: dynamisation, support for innovation, curricular experimentation and meta-reflection. These methodological moments are developed with the purpose of promoting the evolution or complexity of didactic and methodological conceptions of teachers and, consequently, the attitude related to them. The first step of the process of continuing education, reported in this study took place at the end of 2011, and the other ones were developed along the academic year of 2012, in which were developed in conjunction with the steps of innovation support and curricular experimentation, in the form of readings and discussions that provided the preparation of a interdisciplinary teaching project. The identification of the didactic models of the teachers was conducted through questionnaires, in which I tried to seek their point of views about knowledge and educational content, teaching and learning, assessment. Aiming to analyse the changes that occurred over the training process these questionnaires were applied at three different times: the first one, during the stage of dynamisation, in which it was possible to identify their initial conceptions (initial didactic model), the second one, in the half of 2012, during the school recess, and the third one, when carrying out the activities of teaching project closure, that culminated with the end of the school year. The analysis of the collected material, performed through discursive textual analysis (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2007), indicated that the process of continuing education contributed to a qualitative switch in the didactic models of the teachers, promoting the complexity of teaching conceptions as transmission of scientific content adapted to school, learning by receiving information and assessment as learning verification of the students. Thus favoring the restructuring of their ideas and paving the way for an integrated approach to educational content, appreciation of the role of the student, and the consideration of the importance of a formative evaluation. The identified advances along this study show that the proposed continuing education based on the Model of Research in the School has formative potential to promote the development of didactic and methodological conceptions of teachers and behavior associated with them. / Nesta dissertação analiso as mudanças ocorridas nas concepções didático-metodológicas (modelos didáticos pessoais) de quatro professoras do Ensino Médio das Áreas de Ciências da Natureza e Matemática da Escola Técnica Estadual Professora Sylvia Mello, durante realização de uma proposta de formação continuada referenciada pelo Modelo de Investigação na Escola - MIE. O Modelo de Investigação na Escola (PORLÁN; RIVERO, 1998) está embasado em três perspectivas teóricas meta-disciplinares: a perspectiva evolutiva e construtivista do conhecimento, a perspectiva sistêmica e complexa do mundo e a perspectiva crítica. De acordo com estes pressupostos um processo de formação continuada constitui-se de quatro etapas ou momentos metodológicos: dinamização, apoio à inovação, experimentação curricular e meta-reflexão. Estes momentos metodológicos são desenvolvidos com o propósito de promover a evolução ou complexificação das concepções didático-metodológicas dos professores e, em consequência, das condutas a elas associadas. A primeira etapa do processo de formação continuada, relatado neste trabalho, ocorreu ao final do ano de 2011 e as demais, desenvolveram-se ao longo do ano letivo de 2012, no qual foram desenvolvidas articuladamente as etapas de apoio à inovação e experimentação curricular, na forma de leituras e discussões que subsidiaram a elaboração e aplicação de um projeto de ensino interdisciplinar. A identificação dos modelos didáticos das professoras foi realizada por meio de questionários através dos quais procurei fazer o levantamento de suas concepções sobre conhecimento e conteúdos escolares, ensino e aprendizagem, avaliação. Com o objetivo de analisar as mudanças ocorridas ao longo do processo formativo esses questionários foram aplicados em três momentos distintos: o primeiro, durante a etapa de dinamização, em que foi possível identificar suas concepções iniciais (modelo didático inicial), o segundo, na metade do ano de 2012, no período de recesso escolar, e o terceiro, quando realizavam as atividades de encerramento do projeto de ensino que culminou com o final do ano letivo. A análise do material coletado, realizada através da análise textual discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2007), indicou que o processo de formação continuada contribuiu para uma mudança qualitativa nos modelos didáticos das professoras, promovendo a complexificação de concepções de ensino como transmissão de conteúdos científicos adaptados à escola, aprendizagem por recepção de informações e avaliação como verificação da aprendizagem dos alunos. Favorecendo assim, a reestruturação de suas ideias e abrindo caminho para uma abordagem integrada dos conteúdos escolares, a valorização do protagonismo do aluno e a consideração do caráter formativo da avaliação. Os avanços identificados ao longo desse trabalho apontam que a proposta de formação continuada fundamentada no Modelo de Investigação na Escola possui potencialidade formativa para promover a evolução das concepções didático-metodológicas dos professores e das condutas a elas associadas.