The brick and mortar stores are decreasing their field of activity meanwhile online retail is increasing. Hence the purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine if the clothing industries’ brick a nd mortar stores could change their down going trend by using both location-based marketing and the digital footprints of a customer as part of their strategy.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to identify and describe how B2B salespeople utilize social media when prospecting for new customers based on a sequential sales process.Design/methodology/approach - The study employs an interpretive approach as it attempts to convey a phenomenon through the eyes of the participants. The data is derived from six participants collected through semi-structured interviews. The thematic analysis aids to decipher patterns in the data and display these descriptive and narratively.Findings - The study identified four themes of social media use when prospecting for new customers. Further, the study suggests that salespeople are using social media to identify and qualify the prospects and their competencies in a networking manner and consequently follow the key targets of interest in order to initiate possibilities for offering customized solutions or adapt their approach accordingly.Research limitations/implications - The findings describes prospecting on social media through identified themes and points to new techniques to obtain information regarding prospects. This study opens up for future research in order to strengthen the newly discovered themes and its underlying forces.Managerial implications - The study reveals that prospecting techniques on social media are exercised and fueled by a salesperson's own intuition. This should be considered by the management as the employees’ intuition may depart from a company’s core strategy and values.Originality/value - No studies has examined how prospecting is carried out in practice on social media. The empirical findings in this study provide a new suggestion of how social media is used by salespeople and accordingly contributes to current sales literature by adding four descriptive themes of prospecting on social media.

Over the past decade, there has been a considerable rise in popularity of family vlog channels on YouTube. However, these videos have been receiving growing criticism for hosting the children as the main ‘stars’. With YouTube being the main source of income for some of these family units, concerns rise regarding the possibility of family vlogging accommodating a new type of child labour. For this reason, it is crucial to understand how the children’s rights might be threatened. At the same time, research within this field is still limited as family vlogging concerns a fairly recent phenomenon. Accordingly, the current thesis aims to fill these research gaps by contextualizing the practices of family vlogging through a rights-based approach. To do so, a case study was conducted on a YouTube account named ‘The Bucket List Family’. Using content analysis, 5 of their videos were analysed qualitatively and 100 of their video titles were analysed quantitatively. Findings confirm that the children played a central role in contributing to the popularity of the videos. Moreover, the children’s images were consistently and successfully used to further capitalize the family’s brand. Therefore, one can conclude that these children are being exposed to digital child labour, which can mean a possible breach of their rights. The considerable exposure of the children in the videos not only robs them from their privacy, but it also does so without their explicit consent, leaving them extremely vulnerable. As such, the conclusions of this thesis implicate that more research in this field is needed, so that future policymaking can be guided towards a better protection of the children. Additionally, by exposing the digital child labour practices behind family vlogging, this study hopes to bring more societal awareness to the topic.

The paper describes a qualitative study of users' attitudes to metadata in relation to their knowledge and how it affects their valuation of digital integrity. Method for data collection is semi-structured interviews and a critical event. The informants were two people who work with IT and two who do not. The theories of undesign, utilitarianism and privacy were chosen to discuss in relation to the result. A thematic analysis method is used to find relationships between attitudes and other interesting themes in the result. These themes, which we have named after the main attitudes of the informants, includes inter alia knowledge, trust, suspicion and positivity. In the discussion chapter, the results are linked with the analysis and answer the research question. The conclusion is that there is no clear correlation between the informants' knowledge and their attitude, knowledge of metadata has little significance for the attitude and the knowledge and attitudes have little effect on the evaluation of integrity among our four informants. / Uppsatsen behandlar en kvalitativ studie av användares attityder till metadata i relation till deras kunskap samt hur det påverkar deras värdering av digital integritet. Metod för datainsamling är semistrukturerade intervjuer samt en kritisk händelse. Informanterna var två personer som är yrkesverksamma inom IT och två som inte är det. Teorierna avdesign, utilitarism samt privatliv valdes ut att diskuteras i relation till resultatet. En tematisk analysmetod används för att hitta samband mellan attityder och andra intressanta teman i resultatet. Dessa teman, som är döpta efter de huvudsakliga attityderna informanterna uppvisat, var bland annat kunskap, tillit, misstänksamhet och positivitet. I diskussionskapitlet sammankopplas resultatet med analysen och besvarar forskningsfrågan. Slutsatsen av denna studie är att vi inte funnit något samband mellan de fyra informanternas kunskap och deras attityd, kunskap om metadata har liten betydelse för attityden och att kunskaperna och attityderna i liten del påverkar värderingen av integritet.

The digital footprints collected from the prevailing sensing systems provide novel ways to perceive an individual's behaviors. Furthermore, large collections of digital footprints from communities bring novel understandings of human behaviors from the community perspective (community behaviors), such as investigating their characteristics and learning the hidden human intelligence. The perception of human behaviors from the sensing digital footprints enables novel applications for the sensing systems. Bases on the digital footprints collected with accelerometer-embedded mobile phones and GPS equipped taxis, in this dissertation we present our work in recognizing individual behaviors, capturing community behaviors and demonstrating the novel services enabled. With the GPS footprints of a taxi, we summarize the individual anomalous passenger delivery behaviors and improve the recognition efficiency of the existing method iBOAT by introducing an inverted index mechanism. Besides, based on the observations in real life, we propose a method to detect the work-shifting events of an individual taxi. With real-life large-scale GPS traces of thousands of taxis, we investigate the anomalous passenger delivery behaviors and work shifting behaviors from the community perspective and exploit taxi serving strategies. We find that most anomaly behaviors are intentional detours and high detour inclination won't make taxis the top players. And the spatial-temporal distribution of work shifting events in the taxi community reveals their influences. While exploiting taxi serving strategies, we propose a novel method to find the initial intentions in passenger finding. Furthermore, we present a smart taxi system as an example to demonstrate the novel applications that are enabled by the perceived individual and community behaviors

Taxis equipped with GPS sensors are an important sensory device for examining people's movements and activities. They are not constrained to a pre-defined schedule/route. Big taxi GPS data recording the spatio-temporal traces left by taxis provides rich and detailed glimpse into the motivations, behaviours, and resulting dynamics of a city's mobile population through the road network. In this dissertation, we aim to uncover the "hidden facets" regarding social and community dynamics encoded in the taxi GPS data to better understand how urban population behaves and the resulting dynamics in the city. As some "hidden facets" are with regard to similar aspect of social and community dynamics, we further formally define three categories for study (i.e. social dynamics, traffic dynamics, and operational dynamics), and explore them to fill the wide gaps between the raw taxi GPS data and innovative applications and smart urban services. Specifically, 1. To enable applications of real-time taxi fraud alerts, we propose iBOAT algorithm which is capable of detecting anomalous trajectories "on-the-fly" and identifying which parts of the trajectory are responsible for its anomalousness, by comparing them against historically trajectories having the same origin and destination. 2. To introduce cost-effective and environment-friendly transport services to citizens, we propose B-Planner which is a two-phase approach, to plan bi-directional night bus routes leveraging big taxi GPS data. 3. To offer a personalized, interactive, and traffic-aware trip route planning system to users, we propose TripPlanner system which contains both offline and online procedures, leveraging a combination of Location-based Social Network (i.e. LBSN) and taxi GPS data sets. Finally, some promising research directions for future work are pointed out, which mainly attempt to fuse taxi GPS data with other data sets to provide smarter and personalized urban services for citizens

Vi lever idag i ett samhälle där stora delar av den sociala kontakt vi harmed andra personer sker via sociala plattformar. På dessa plattformarlagras det otroliga mängder information om oss som användare. De vetvar vi befinner oss, våra intressen, vem vi tycker om att umgås med ochofantligt mycket mer. Vi har genom den här studien tagit reda på omattityden kring integritet och informationshantering på socialaplattformar påverkar kontinuitet i användandet av Facebook. Studiensdatainsamling har genomförts med en blandning av fokusgrupper, enintervju och enkäter. Resultatet visar att attityderna hos användarna serolika ut men att detta i större utsträckning inte påverkar användandet.Användandet sker mer av vana och är någonting som är inmatat i vårtbeteende och framförallt någonting som underlättar det vardagliga livet. / We live today in a society where large parts of the social interactions wehave with other people are done through social platforms. Theseplatforms keep an incredible amount of information about us as users.They know where we are, what our interests are, who we like to hangout with and much more. Through this study, we have identified whetherthe attitude towards privacy and information management on socialplatforms leads to another way of using these platforms. The datacollection of the study has been conducted with a mix of focus groups,interview and questionnaires. The result shows that the attitudes of userslook different but that this does not affect the use of social platforms toa greater extent. The use is more of a routine and something that isincluded in our behavior and, above all, something that facilitateseveryday life.

Det finns enorma mängder data att samla in om dagens internetanvändare. Det går idag att med hjälp av människors digitala avtryck avgöra vad de har för intressen, vart de rör sig, samt hur de i framtiden kan komma att agera. I denna studie har det studerats vilken roll attityder och tidigare kunskaper om digitala fotspår har i användandet av internet. Inom ramen för denna uppsats har det också studerats om och hur teorier grundande i begreppen tillit, integritet och egenmakt har haft för inverkan på informanterna. I studien har det använts kulturella sonder för att agera provokatör och inspiratör inför de efterföljande intervjuerna. Resultatet visar att tidigare utbildning och förkunskaper om digitala fotspår har en liten till icke existerande effekt på användandet. Istället verkar det som att tidigare upplevelser och attityder kring digitala fotspår har en större inverkan på användandet av internet. / There are huge amounts of data to collect on today's internet users. Today, with the help of digital footprints, we can calculate people´s interests, where they are moving, and how they may act in the future. In this study, I look at the functions of attitudes and previous knowledge of digital footprints in the use of the internet. In the context of this essay, it has also been examined how theories founded on the concepts trust, integrity and empowerment have had an impact on the informants. In the study, cultural probes have been used to act as provocateur and as inspiration for the subsequent interviews. The result shows that previous education and knowledge for digital footprints have a small to non-existent effect on the use. Instead, it seems that previous experiences and attitudes about digital footprints have a greater impact on the use of the internet.

Digitaliseringen av samhället har ökat kraftigt det senaste decenniet och hela 95% av Sveriges befolkning uppger att de använder internet dagligen. Det har också lett till att data som personer lämnar efter sig på nätet även den har ökat. Denna ökning i kombination med smartare analysverktyg för att utvinna information ur dessa datamängder har möjliggjort en ny typ av marknadsföring, den individanpassade marknadsföringen. Det innebär att företag riktar sina erbjudanden och annonser för den specifika konsumenten med hjälp av dennes egen data även kallat digitala fotspår. De digitala fotspår som företag använder sig utav kan vara köpbeteende, GPS- koordinater och tidigare sökhistorik på exempelvis Google. Dock finns det en risk att företag kan kränka den personliga integriteten när den individanpassade reklamen blir för specifik eller är baserad på känslig information om konsumenten. Detta leder in på studiens forskningsfråga som är ” Vad är konsumentens uppfattning kring individanpassad marknadsföring gällande den personliga integriteten?”. Denna forskningsfråga har även två delfrågor som är ” Vilka faktorer bidrar till att konsumenten i mindre utsträckning uppfattar individanpassad reklam som integritetskränkande?” och ” Vad uppfattas som integritetskränkande för konsumenten?”. Dessa delfrågor ska tillsammans hjälpa till att svara på huvudfrågan. Ordet konsument avser i denna studie de som handlar digitalt och använder sig av olika digitala tjänster där de blir exponerade för individanpassad reklam.Forskningsfrågan besvaras med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod och samtalsintervjuer där en induktiv med inslag av deduktiv tematisk analys används för att analysera materialet. Studien kommer fokusera på att undersöka individanpassad marknadsföring gällande integritet utifrån ett konsumentperspektiv och kommer därmed inte gå in på hur företag resonerar kring denna fråga. Syftet med studien är att ge företag en inblick i vilken information som konsumenter tycker är okej att de använder sig av för att individanpassa reklam samt när de anser att det blir integritetskränkande.Det resultat som studien kom fram till är att olika åtgärder från företag så som att ge konsumenten ökad kontroll över sin personliga information samt en ökad transparens kring vilken information som samlas in och används leder till ett ökat förtroende för företaget vilket i sin tur bidrar till ett positivare mottagande av reklamen. Vidare uppfattas reklam som är baserat på konsumentens köpbeteende och tidigare sökningar3som minst integritetskränkande medan reklam som baseras på ljudupptag, GPS- koordinater samt vilka konsumenten integrerar med som mest integritetskränkande. Företaget som ligger bakom en reklam som uppfattas som integritetskränkande kan få en skadad image vilket kan leda till att konsumenten i framtiden väljer ett annat företag.

Les empreintes digitales recueillies par détection systèmes offrent de nouvelles façons de percevoir les comportements d'un individu. En outre, de grandes collections d'empreintes numériques des communautés apportent de nouvelles compréhensions des comportements humains. La perception des comportements humains à partir des empreintes digitales de détection permet de construire des nouvelles applications sur les systèmes de détection. D’après les empreintes digitales recueillies avec l'accéléromètre embarqué dans les téléphones mobiles et les taxis équipés avec GPS, nous présentons ici notre travail sur la reconnaissance des comportements individuels, la capture des comportements communautaires et la démonstration des nouveaux services activés. En reconnaissant les comportements individuels, nous présentons la reconnaissance des activités physiques d'une personne avec les lectures de l'accéléromètre recueillies à partir des téléphones mobiles mis dans les poches autour de la zone pelvienne. Avec les empreintes GPS d'un taxi, nous résumons les comportements anormaux du transport des passagers pour un individu et améliorons l'efficacité de la reconnaissance de la méthode existante IBOAT. En outre, sur la base des observations dans la vie réelle, nous proposons une méthode pour détecter les événements de changement de service d’un taxi individuel. Avec des traces GPS à grande échelle et à l’aide des milliers de taxis, nous étudions les comportements anormaux pour le transport des passagers et les comportements de changement de travail et exploitons les stratégies de service de taxi. En outre, nous présentons un système intelligent de taxi comme une étude exemplaire des nouvelles applications qui s’appuie sur les comportements perçus individuelles et communautaires / The digital footprints collected from the prevailing sensing systems provide novel ways to perceive an individual's behaviors. Furthermore, large collections of digital footprints from communities bring novel understandings of human behaviors from the community perspective (community behaviors), such as investigating their characteristics and learning the hidden human intelligence. The perception of human behaviors from the sensing digital footprints enables novel applications for the sensing systems. Bases on the digital footprints collected with accelerometer-embedded mobile phones and GPS equipped taxis, in this dissertation we present our work in recognizing individual behaviors, capturing community behaviors and demonstrating the novel services enabled. With the GPS footprints of a taxi, we summarize the individual anomalous passenger delivery behaviors and improve the recognition efficiency of the existing method iBOAT by introducing an inverted index mechanism. Besides, based on the observations in real life, we propose a method to detect the work-shifting events of an individual taxi. With real-life large-scale GPS traces of thousands of taxis, we investigate the anomalous passenger delivery behaviors and work shifting behaviors from the community perspective and exploit taxi serving strategies. We find that most anomaly behaviors are intentional detours and high detour inclination won't make taxis the top players. And the spatial-temporal distribution of work shifting events in the taxi community reveals their influences. While exploiting taxi serving strategies, we propose a novel method to find the initial intentions in passenger finding. Furthermore, we present a smart taxi system as an example to demonstrate the novel applications that are enabled by the perceived individual and community behaviors