Magistro darbe aptarta tiesioginių užsienio investicijų samprata, jas lemiantys veiksniai bei jų įtaka ekonominiam augimui. Antroje darbo dalyje atlikta tiesioginių užsienio investicijų Baltijos šalyse analizė: nagrinėjama, kaip TUI kiekvienoje šalyje pasiskirsto sektoriuose, kokie yra pagrindiniai investuotojai, išanalizuota TUI dinamika, atliktas įtakos BVP, eksportui ir užimtumui vertinimas, bei tiesioginių užsienio investicijų prognozė kitiems 3 metams. Taip pat aptarti veiksniai, įtakojantys TUI srautą į Baltijos valstybes.Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad po nepriklausomybės atgavimo praeitame dešimtmetyje visose trijose Baltijos valstybėse (Lietuvoje, Latvijoje ir Estijoje) tiesioginės užsienio investicijos nuolat augo (išskyrus 1999-2001 m. laikotarpį, kai jų srautus neigiamai paveikė Rusijos krizė). Praeitame dešimtmetyje TUI srautai didėjo daugiausia dėl privatizacijos procesų, vėliau apsisprendimas investuoti Baltijos valstybėse buvo įtakotas dėl sąlyginai mažesnių gamybos kaštų nei labiau išsivysčiusiose valstybėse bei augančio regiono ekonominio potencialo. Darbe patvirtinta hipotezė, kad tiesioginių užsienio investicijų didėjimas tiesiogiai veikia Baltijos šalių ekonominę plėtrą: TUI tiesiogiai įtakoja BVP augimą ir eksporto plėtrą bei mažina nedarbo lygį. / This master’s paper analysis the foreign direct investments (FDI) in Baltic States. In the first part of the work the conception of the FDI, the reasons that influence the flows of FDI and their impact on economical growth. In the second part of the work there was an analysis of FDI dynamics and the FDI distribution in separate branches performed, also it was analysed how the GDP growth, export and employment is affected by the foreign direct investments in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. In the last part of the work it was foreseen the perspectives of the FDI. The hypothesis is formulated and confirmed as follows: „The increase of FDI flows directly impacts the growth of Baltic States economy, it stimulates the growth of GDP and the development of export also decrease of the unemployment level”.

This diploma paper provides an overview of operation and meaning of multinational corporations in the modern global economy and in the economy of the Czech Republic. Likewise, the paper presents a comparison of conditions and consequences, connected with the activities of multinational corporations in the economies of Russian Federation and Czech Republic. During the process of studying the history and modern reality of multinational corporations in Czech Republic the author wanted to realize, how substantial was their influence in Czech economy. By comparison with multinational corporations' activities in Russian economy the author finds out, whether the scenario is unique in Czech republic, or it is possible to find certain analogues in other countries.

This diploma thesis focuses on Austrian foreign direct investments and more specifically on the internalization of Austrian companies into the Czech Republic. The aim is to thoroughly display the Austria's outward foreign direct investments, introduce the internationalization models and apply them in an analysis of Austrian companies present in the Czech Republic. The first step towards answering research questions is the presentation of a short theoretical background on foreign direct investment. Further, the main characteristics of Austrian investments are stated. Chapter two starts with term definitions. Thereby, a common under-standing of the most relevant terms is established. The thorough literature review illuminates the theories behind each model and its development. In the following step, the practical part of the paper is introduced. At first, assumptions from the internationalization models are derived. Afterwards, these assumptions serve as a foundation for the questionnaire's framework. The primary part of this chapter displays results of the empirical study. Finally, a conclusion is presented summing up the thesis's core findings. These findings are primarily direct answers to the research questions seeking to fulfill the main objective of the diploma thesis.

This diploma theses addresses the issue of investment environment and regional development in the Moravian-Silesian Region. The first chapter describes theoretical inputs, namely competitivness and foreign direct investments. The general factors influencing competitivness are applied on example of the Czech Republic. Second chapter analyse the investment environment in the Region. This concerns namely socio-economic situation, business environment and completed restructuring. Included is also SWOT analysis and resulting recommendations. Third chapter evaluates the current state of investments in the Region and describes two significant development projects. These are namely Danish producer of luxury electrotechnics and South Korean car producer. The text describes the investors, industrial zones they are placed in, process and current status of the investment and overall impact upon the Region.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to identify the main reasons that lead foreign companies to enter the Slovak market. The content of the work, which is divided into five main chapters, corresponds to the defined objectives. In the first chapter theoretical basis to the addressed issue are processed. The second chapter provides a detailed analysis of the international competitiveness of Slovakia, through selected indices of competitiveness and business environment. The third chapter analyses the development of foreign direct investments from the perspective of the Slovak economy. Attention is focused on territorial, sectoral and regional structure of foreign direct investments in Slovakia. The fourth chapter provides an analysis of the factors influencing decisions of foreign investors to place their businesses in Slovakia. The selection of analysed factors is based on results of the UNCTAD study. In the last chapter are identified key motives of foreign investors entry to Slovakia based on analyses carried out. These findings are demonstrated on an example of Danish investors entry on the Slovak market.

Orientador: Sergio R. R. de Queiroz / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T22:12:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zanatta_MarianaNunciaroni_D.pdf: 1191386 bytes, checksum: 02e42f4e6986c621c6efa6c6c42538f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O objetivo principal desta tese é analisar criticamente as políticas brasileiras de incentivo à inovação com relação à atração de Investimento Direto Estrangeiro (IDE) em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D), à luz de um arcabouço de políticas e de algumas experiências internacionais. A importância das EMNs no processo de desenvolvimento tecnológico mundial e na internacionalização da P&D coloca estas empresas como atores fundamentais das políticas nacionais de incentivo à inovação. A análise de alguns países selecionados ¿ Irlanda, Israel, Taiwan, Cingapura, Malásia, China, Índia ¿ mostram como as EMNs têm sido incorporadas às suas políticas nacionais, servindo de parâmetro para a análise do caso brasileiro. O trabalho ressalta a variedade dos fatores determinantes da atração de IDE em P&D ¿qualificação dos recursos humanos, infra-estrutura física e de C&T, proteção à propriedade intelectual, incentivo fiscais, etc. ¿ e a conseqüente importância de políticas que aprimorem estes fatores. Destaca também a articulação e a consistência destas políticas para a criação de um ambiente nacional econômica e tecnologicamente atrativo ao IDE em P&D. À luz das experiências internacionais analisadas, conclui-se que, no Brasil, apesar de algumas medidas bem sucedidas em termos de qualificação e formação de recursos humanos e iniciativas recentes como a Lei de Inovação, falta seletividade na atração de IDE, tanto setorial quanto de atividades (P&D), uma estrutura governamental adequada para atrair estes investimentos, bem como a articulação entre as políticas e continuidade das mesmas / Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to analyze Brazilian innovation policies relating to the attraction of foreign direct investment (FDI) in research and development (R&D), based on a policy framework and some selected international experiences. The importance of multinational companies (MNCs) in the world technological development process and in the internationalization of R&D places these companies as fundamental actors of national innovation policies. The analysis of some selected countries ¿ Ireland, Israel, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, China and India ¿ evidences how MNCs have been incorporated to their national policies, being a parameter to the analysis of Brazilian case. This work highlights the variety of determining factors on the attraction of FDI in R&D, such as qualification of human resources, adequate infrastructure, intellectual property rights, fiscal incentives, etc., and the consequent importance of national policies which enhance these factors. One may conclude that, despite some well succeeded measures in terms of the qualification of human resources and recent initiatives as the Innovation Law, Brazil still need to adopt a selective FDI policy, create an adequate governmental structure to attract more of these investments, as well as articulate these policies / Doutorado / Doutor em Política Científica e Tecnológica

The thesis discusses the causes of the sudden FDI drop in Slovakia during the economic crisis when R. Fico's government was in power. The drop came after Euro adoption, deep structural reforms and overall attractiveness of the country for the foreign investors. Mainly qualitative methods are utilized in the paper - coding was found to be the most appropriate method to analyze the reasons companies stated for leaving the country. Almost 64% of the investors mentioned crisis as the main cause of their departure. It was followed by company's strategy, the government's policies, strong currency and old machinery and technologies used in the factory. Thus, the hypothesis, which stated that the main reason for FDI plunge were policies of then government in combination with effects of economic crisis, was not confirmed.

This thesis analyses the potential for international cooperation in the issue of corporate tax rates. Using newly created dataset we study the relationship between the foreign direct investments and corporate tax rates in order to confirm that countries benefit from competing in setting their tax rates. Lowering one's corporate tax rate pays off in increased FDI. Furthermore, under the assumption that competitive behavior is individually rational, we analyze through the use of coherent country clusters the extent of competition within selected clusters, as compared to the situation on the global level. We find that the degree of competitive behavior is lower within coherent block of countries than globally. Thus, there seems to be less mutually harmful competition within coherent clusters of countries, mainly in EU 15, OECD and ASEAN, than on the global level.

Rapporterade naturkatastrofer har ökat markant under senare år, likt totala kostnader som följer. Utländska direktinvesteringar har ökat parallellt och är en viktig variabel för återhämtning efter en katastrof, särskilt för utvecklingsländer. Naturkatastrofer utgör en risk för utländska direktinvesteringar varför syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera naturkatastrofers inverkan på inflödet av utländska direktinvesteringar. För att besvara uppsatsens syfte analyseras om direktinvesteringar i utvecklade och utvecklingsländer påverkas olika av naturkatastrofer samt hur olika typer av naturkatastrofer påverkar direktinvesteringar. Få publikationer finns att tillgå inom ämnet, varför uppsatsen fyller en kunskapslucka. Uppsatsen använder ett balanserat paneldataset med 1632 observationer över tidsperioden 1980 - 2011. Fixed Effect Model tillämpas och resultaten visar att naturkatastrofer har en negativ inverkan på inflödet av utländska direktinvesteringar på både kort och lång sikt. Effekten är mer negativ på lång sikt vilket stärker bilden av att direktinvesteringar är långsiktiga. Stormar är den typ av naturkatastrof, framför översvämningar, som är tydligast bunden till direktinvesteringar. Jordbävningar visar ingen signifikans. Naturkatastrofer påverkar utländska direktinvesteringar i utvecklade länder marginellt mer än i utvecklingsländer. Den ekonomiska tillväxten är enbart signifikant för utvecklingsländer som uppvisar en positiv signifikant för alla studerade tidshorisonter. För utvecklade och utvecklingsländer har stormar och översvämningar ett negativ samband med direktinvesteringar. Jordbävningar uppvisar en positiv signifikans på 1 års sikt för utvecklade länder, men ingen signifikans för utvecklingsländer.Nyckelord: Utländska / The reporting of natural disasters has increased significantly during the last century. Likewise has the financial costs risen along with the natural disasters. Foreign direct investments (FDI) has increased during the same time period and is a key variable for economic recovery after a natural disaster, especially for developing countries. Natural disasters imposes risk for FDI, hence the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact natural disasters has on FDI. This study investigate if there are differences in how developed and developing countries cope with natural disasters and how different types of natural disasters affects FDI in different ways. The study uses a 1632 observation panel data set covering the time period 1980 to 2011. The regression model applied is Fixed Effect Model. The results show that natural disasters significantly impact FDI negatively, both in the short and long-run. The marginal effect in the long-run are shown to be more negative than in the short-run, establishing that FDI are long term investments. The type of natural disaster, closest connected to FDI are storms. The impact from natural disaster on developed countries is marginally more notable than the impact on developing countries. Economic Growth, as a regressor, is only shown to be significant for developing countries. For developed and developing countries storms and floods are negatively connected to FDI. In developed countries earthquakes have a positive connection to FDI in a one year period.

La première partie de la thèse se compose d'une recherche empirique visant à examiner si les producteurs de produits primaires s'adaptent mieux après un choc d'offre sous un régime de taux de change flottant. À l'aide d'un modèle VAR, j'ai trouvé que les régimes de taux de change flexible n'effectuent pas mieux à isoler l'économie des chocs externes. Par conséquent, la deuxième partie de la thèse vise à établir ou non si les régimes de taux de change fournissent certains avantages pour les pays exportateurs de produits primaires tels que le fait d'attirer les investissements directs a l'étranger. À l'aide de différentes estimations économétriques, les résultats montrent que les régimes de taux de change influencent les investissements directs à l'étranger et en particulier, les régimes de change fixes plutôt que les régimes plus flexibles. / The first part of dissertation consists of an empirical research aiming at investigating whether primary commodity producers perform better after a real shock with floating exchange rate regimes. Using a VAR model I found that flexible exchange rate regimes do not perform better at insulating the output from external shocks. Therefore, the second part of the dissertation aims at establishing whether or not exchange rate regimes provide certain benefit for those countries such as attracting foreign direct investments. Using panel data estimation techniques, I found that exchange rate regimes matters in attracting FDI and in particular fixed regimes rather than flexible regimes.