Neste trabalho apresentamos uma investigação sobre o ensino de física quântica na formação inicial de professores. Essa pesquisa foi desenvolvida junto a uma disciplina da sétima etapa do curso de Licenciatura em Física da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, durante o segundo semestre de 2007, através de uma atividade de ensino centrada na exploração de um software que simula o interferômetro de Mach-Zehnder. Inspirados nos trabalhos de Müller e Wiesner (2002) e Pessoa Jr. (2005), utilizamos o conceito de dualidade onda-partícula como o eixo central das discussões em sala de aula. O objetivo desse estudo consiste em analisar as tensões nos enunciados de estudantes, à luz do referencial sociocultural, e avaliar em que medida os enunciados dos estudantes se articulam à internalização de conceitos de física quântica no uso de instrumentos semióticos. Os resultados mostraram que as ações mediadas pelo uso do interferômetro virtual de Mach-Zehnder, como ferramenta cultural, auxiliaram os processos de compreensão, por parte dos alunos, viabilizando a negociação de significados em sala de aula que são aceitos e compartilhados pela comunidade científica. / In this paper, we present a research of quantum physics teaching in the context of a teachers preparation course. This investigation has been developed in a seventh level discipline of a Bachelor Degree Course in Physics Education, in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, during the second semester of 2006, through a didatical activity based on the use of a computer program that simulate the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Ispired by Müller and Wiesner (2002) and Pessoa Jr. (2005), we used the concept of wave-particle duality as the central espect of discussions in the classroom. The aim of the present study was to analyze the student’s utterences, in the light of sociocultural theories, and to investigate how the speech of the studants articulates it self to the internalization of quantum physics concepts, in the use of semiotics instruments. The results showed that the actions mediated by the use of virtual Mach-Zehnder interferometer, as a cultural tool, supported the comprehendig process in studants, feasing the negotiation of meanings that are accepted and shared in scientific community.

Submitted by Miriam Lucas (miriam.lucas@unioeste.br) on 2018-04-20T16:35:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Maria_Helena_Costa_Bianchi_2018.pdf: 2672187 bytes, checksum: 19106d092289a0844c47e7df40c5963e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T16:35:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Maria_Helena_Costa_Bianchi_2018.pdf: 2672187 bytes, checksum: 19106d092289a0844c47e7df40c5963e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-05 / In 2009, Resolution No. 51 promulgated the National Textbook Program for Youth and Adult Education. From that date, the textbook was distributed to all the Youth and Adult Education Centers (EJAs) in the country, seeking, as its main objective, the eradication of illiteracy. But the usefulness and effectiveness of the textbook deserves to be discussed for several reasons, mainly because of its sometimes confusing and outdated discourse, because the Program is triennial. It is in this context that we present a research about the didactic book of Sciences and its discourse (elementary school level) used in the Education of Young and Adults (EJA), addressing the perceptions of students of this modality referring to this didactic discourse. Analyzing the perceptions of these students serves to eliminate possible misunderstandings and motivate them to acquire basic scientific knowledge that helps them to improve their quality of life, as well as acquiring critical awareness, reflexive and investigative posture, discovering themselves as dependent members and transforming agents of the environment in which they are inserted. It is also important to consider that the lack of understanding of scientific-technological information can compromise citizenship itself, leaving individuals at the mercy of the market, the media and popular beliefs. As a methodology, the interviewees' speeches about subjects contained in the textbook of the Natural Sciences were analyzed. The accomplishment of this research (case study with qualitative approach) was produced with students of the EJA in a class of Sciences that frequented the nocturnal period of the CEEBJA - Prof. Orides Balotin Guerra - from Foz do Iguaçu - PR. The techniques of data collection were questionnaires and press conference recorded in audio and video. The data were analyzed using the Content Analysis methodology proposed by Bardin (2011). The field research allowed us to glimpse that the students interviewed had a previously acquired scientific knowledge base and that, through the dialogue that emerged at the collective interview, they were able to participate by presenting their points of view and the scientific and technological concepts - according to the three dimensions proposed by Rocha (2012): knowledge, attitude and interest. These dimensions enable them to contribute to today's society and the conservation of the environment, important aspects of our time. In general, students perceive the textbook as a support that assists in the process of teaching and learning, however emphasize that the discursive understanding is only effective with mediation and help of the teacher. The school participating in the research will receive information on the indicators of discursive perception of those involved in the research, allowing the teachers of this discipline to plan didactic-pedagogical interventions in classrooms. It is hoped that with our research, the scientific discourse will be closer to the level of perception of the students of the EJA modality and will allow them to use this scientific knowledge for their daily life, understanding that it is part of an interdisciplinary content necessary for the present day. / Em 2009, a Resolução nº 51 promulgou o Programa Nacional do Livro Didático para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos. A partir dessa data, o livro didático passou a ser distribuído em todos os Centros de Ensino de Jovens e Adultos (EJAs) do país, buscando, como principal objetivo, a erradicação do analfabetismo. Mas a utilidade e eficácia do livro didático merece ser discutida por várias razões, principalmente pelo seu discurso, por vezes, confuso e com informações ultrapassadas, devido ao fato do referido programa ser trienal. É nesse contexto que apresentamos uma pesquisa sobre o livro didático de Ciências e seu discurso (nível de Ensino Fundamental anos finais) empregado na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), abordando as percepções dos alunos dessa modalidade referentes a esse discurso didático. Analisar as percepções desses alunos serve para eliminar possíveis equívocos e motivá-los a adquirir conhecimentos científicos básicos que os auxiliem a melhorar a qualidade de vida, bem como adquirir consciência crítica, postura reflexiva e investigativa, descobrindo-se como integrantes dependentes e agentes transformadores do ambiente social em que estão inseridos. É relevante considerar ainda que a falta de entendimento das informações científico-tecnológicas pode comprometer a própria cidadania, deixando os indivíduos a mercê do mercado, da mídia e das crenças populares. Como metodologia analisaram-se as falas dos entrevistados acerca de temas contidos no livro didático de Ciências da Natureza. A concretização desta pesquisa (estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa) ocorreu com alunos da EJA que frequentavam o período noturno do CEEBJA – Prof. Orides Balotin Guerra - de Foz do Iguaçu - PR. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram questionários e entrevista coletiva gravadas em áudio e vídeo. Os dados foram analisados utilizando a metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2011). A pesquisa de campo nos permitiu vislumbrar que os alunos entrevistados possuíam uma base de conhecimento científico adquirida anteriormente e que, por meio do diálogo surgido na entrevista coletiva, conseguiram participar apresentando seus pontos de vista e os conceitos científicos e tecnológicos - de acordo com as três dimensões propostas por Rocha (2012): conhecimento, atitude e interesse. Tais dimensões lhes possibilitam contribuir com a sociedade atual e a conservação do meio ambiente, aspectos importantes do nosso tempo. De modo geral os alunos percebem o livro didático como um apoio que auxilia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, entretanto enfatizam que a compreensão discursiva somente é eficaz com mediação e apoio do professor. A escola participante da pesquisa receberá informações sobre os indicadores de percepção discursiva dos envolvidos na pesquisa, permitindo aos professores dessa disciplina planejar intervenções didático-pedagógicas nas salas de aula. Almejamos que o discurso científico, com a ajuda do professor, se aproxime mais ao nível de percepção dos educandos da modalidade EJA e lhes permitam empregar esse conhecimento científico para seu cotidiano, entendendo que o mesmo faz parte de um conteúdo interdisciplinar necessário para os dias atuais.

The application of Adventure Therapy mediums for therapeutic, recreational and team building purposes have become increasingly popular over the past thirty years. These activities take place in a variety of contexts. One such a context that is designed and built with the explicit aim of providing challenging, adventurous activities is the high ropes course. Documented application of Ropes Courses largely consists of group-focussed application and the use of these courses in contexts where the focus is on the individual has been explored to a lesser degree. In this study analysis focuses on the interaction between a therapist and a client during a shared high ropes activity. At the time of the study, participants were also engaged in an individual psychotherapeutic process independent of the study. The study is informed by a Social Constructionist approach and in particular by Discursive Psychology. The work of members of the Discourse and Rhetoric Group at the University of Loughborough ( in particular that of Potter and Edwards) forms an integral part of the epistemology and methodology applied in this study. In this approach there is a strong emphasis on the accomplishment and management of action in interaction. Discourse is conceptualised as a resource that functions to accomplish action and discursive analysis focuses on the manner in which discursive resources are employed to achieve action in interaction. Discursive psychologists view the material context as well as embodiment as important contributors to the construction of action. These aspects are particularly relevant in a Ropes course context where physical activity is prominent. A theory of action in interaction proposed by Charles Goodwin informs the current exploration of the contribution of embodiment and materiality to the organisation of action. / Dissertation (MA (Clinical Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted

L’expert psychiatre, initialement convoqué dans les tribunaux afin d’évaluer la responsabilité pénale des auteurs d’infractions, s’est progressivement trouvé en charge de mesurer leur dangerosité. L’expertise de dangerosité tendrait-elle à remplacer celle de responsabilité ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous avons étudié au Luxembourg et en France le rôle qu’est aujourd’hui amené à jouer l’expert dans des juridictions criminelles. Son intervention, désormais systématique dans ce type de juridiction, se matérialise par la production d’un discours écrit et oral. Prenant acte de ce fait, ainsi que de l’importance du langage dans les champs judiciaire et psychiatrique, nous avons ancré ce travail dans le champ de l’analyse du discours, et avons étudié l’expertise et la justice en train de se dire. Une première partie se concentre sur la production et le contenu du discours que les experts soumettent à l’institution judiciaire, et une seconde sur la façon dont l’expertise est intégrée au jugement. Les experts, dont le discours est sous la surveillance de l’institution judiciaire, ne participent finalement à évaluer ni la responsabilité strictement pénale, ni la dangerosité. Leur discours, enchevêtré aux discours des autres acteurs de la procédure, alimente l’ensemble des débats ; il participe à l’évaluation de la responsabilité subjective et morale de l’accusé, tant pour déterminer le quantum de la peine que pour décider d’une mesure appropriée. Initialement extérieur à l’institution, et chargé de soustraire à la justice des personnes estimées irresponsables pénalement, l’expert participe désormais à la punition et au traitement de l’ensemble des auteurs de crime. / In theory, the psychiatric expert is called in a trial in order to estimate the defendant's penal responsibility. But, we argue, he has instead become responsible for judging their level of dangerousness. Does dangerousness expertise tend to replace responsibility expertise? In order to answer this question, we studied experts’ functions in criminal affairs in Luxemburg and in France. The intervention, now systematic in this type of jurisdiction, is embodied in written and oral discourse. In acknowledging the importance of language in judiciary and psychiatric fields, this work is based on discourse analysis. We studied the spoken aspect of expertise and justice. The first part of this study focuses on how experts produce discourse for the judiciary institution. The second part follows the integration process of expertise into the judgment. Because their spoken testimonies are under surveillance by the judicial institution, experts eventually evaluate neither strictly penal responsibility, nor dangerousness. These discourses, entangled with those of other agents of the proceedings, continue into closing statements, in which the expert takes part in evaluating the defendant's subjective and moral responsibility. This is in order to determine the punishment’s severity, as well which measure to state. From originally providing an outsider’s point of view, apparently removed from those judging criminal responsibility, the expert now takes part in both punishment and treatment of perpetrators.

Orientalism in Bush administration and its influence over military intervention in Iraq Abstract Master's thesis focuses on the presence of orientalist elements in the Bush administration and their influence over the justification and execution of the military intervention in Iraq. These elements are orientalist construction of identities, civilizational mission, concept of oriental Muslim and concept of oriental woman. For this purpose, three research questions were formulated. 1) How the identity of Iraq was constructed to justify the intervention? 2) How the identity of USA was constructed to justify the intervention 3) Whether the Bush administration carried elements of orientalism, how did they present themselves and what amount of influence did they have over justification and execution of the military intervention in Iraq? The Fairclough three-dimensional model of critical discursive analysis was chosen in order to answer research questions. Analysis was focused on official speeches of three key representatives of Bush administration (G.W. Bush, D. Cheney, C. Powell) within the time period from the terrorist attacks on September 11th 2001 until the actual military intervention to Iraq on March 20th 2003. Based on the analysis the presence of orientalist construction of identities and civilizational...

Bakgrund: Modeföretag kommunicerar alltmer om hållbarhet. En kanal för denna typ av kommunikation har blivit deras webbsidor under fliken “hållbarhet”. Tidigare forskning visar att det finns svårigheter för konsumenterna att tolka innehållet som finns på sidorna, vilket leder till att konsumenterna tolkar innehållet fritt. Tidigare studier på tolkningar av modeföretags hållbarhetskommunikation saknar fokus på konsumentperspektivet och på det övergripande innehåll som kommuniceras via hållbarhetssidorna. I denna studie undersöker vi konsumenternas tolkningar och identifierar vad de bakomliggande aspekterna för tolkningarna är. Syfte: Studiens resultat syftar till att bidra med förståelse för hur konsumenter förstår och tolkar hållbarhetssidor. Resultatet ska kunna användas av intressenter inom modebranschen för att förbättra sin hållbarhetskommunikation. Det genom att granska konsumenternas tolkningar av svenska modeföretags hållbarhetssidor. Teori: Teorin är uppbyggd med en teoretisk referensram som utgår från hållbarhetskommunikation och konsumenttolkning med den tillämpade teoretiska utgångspunkten diskursanalys. Detta för att undersöka diskurser som uppstår mellan konsumenterna och innehållet från hållbarhetssidorna. Metod: Metoden som användes i studien var en kvalitativ metod, vilket var intervjuer med tio deltagare från Sverige. Deltagarna fick observera två modeföretags hållbarhetssidor. Före, under och efter observationerna intervjuades deltagarna. Efter varje intervju transkriberades materialet. Efter att allt transkriberats, reducerades materialet genom att koda in citat i olika kategorier. Resultat: Resultatet utgick från en diskursanalys och visade på tre olika nivåer när det handlar om konsumenternas tolkningar. Första nivån visade vad aspekterna är för att förstå och engageras av kommunikationen. Andra nivån visade hur konsumenterna översätter kommunikationen till ett användande i praktiken. Den tredje nivån visade en helhetsförståelse över hur konsumenterna ifrågasätter och värderar hållbarhetskommunikationen. Helhetsperspektivet visualiseras och refereras utifrån en tolkningsprocess. Diskussion: Diskussionen utförs genom att presentera de bidrag som framkommer från studien. Det första bidraget är en modell som redogör för hur konsumenternas tolkningsprocess ser ut vid tolkning av hållbarhetskommunikationen. Andra bidraget visar på konsumenternas inställning till de tjänster som modeföretagen erbjuder, som kan bidra till en hållbar konsumtion. Till sist visar bidrag tre att konsumenterna värdesätter hållbarhetskommunikationen även om det finns brister i den. Slutsats: Studiens huvudsakliga slutsats är att kommunikationen på hållbarhetssidorna ifrågasätts av konsumenterna. Det finns brister i kommunikationen men trots det skapar sig konsumenterna en ny uppfattning om företagen efter att besökt modeföretagens hållbarhetssidor. Det är inte ett naturligt steg för konsumenterna att besöka sidorna men resultatet av att besöka en hållbarhetssida ger en vidgad syn när det handlar om modebranschens hållbarhetsarbete. / Background: Fashion companies are increasingly communicating about sustainability. A channel for this type of communication have become their webpages, where they have created a page called “sustainability”. Prior research shows that these pages' content is hard to interpret for consumers, which leads to consumers interpreting its content freely. Prior research on interpretations of fashion companies’ sustainability communication lacks a focus on the consumer perspective and on the overall content communicated through sustainability pages. In this study we research the consumer interpretations and identify what the underlying aspects of their interpretations are. Purpose: This study's results aim to contribute to an understanding of how consumers understand and interpret sustainability pages, which aim to be used by stakeholders within the fashion industry to improve their sustainability communication. This will be done by examining consumers' interpretations of Swedish fashion companies’ sustainability pages. Theory: The theoretical framework used in this study outlines sustainability communications and consumer interpretations with an adapted theoretical starting point from discursive analysis. This is used to examine discourses that arise between consumers and the content of the sustainability pages. Method: The method used in this study was a qualitative method, which was interviews with ten participants from Sweden. The participants were allowed to observe two fashion companies' sustainability pages. While and after the observations the participants were interviewed. After each interview the material was transcribed. After all interviews were transcribed, the material was reduced by encoding quotes into categories. Findings: The results were drawn from the discursive analysis and showed three levels of how the consumer interprets. First level showed the aspects of understanding and being engaged by the communication. The second level showed how consumers translated the communication to a practical use. The third level showed a holistic understanding on how consumers value and question sustainability communication. The holistic understanding is visualized and referenced as the interpretation process. Discussion: The discussion is conducted by presenting the managerial implications of the study. The first contribution is a model that accounts for how the consumer's interpretation process is structured when interpreting sustainability communication. The second contribution showed the consumer's outlook on services offered by the fashion companies, which can contribute to a sustainable consumption. At last, the third contribution showed how consumers value sustainability even if its deficiency. Conclusion: The main conclusion from the study was that consumers question the communication on sustainability pages. The study showed that there are deficiencies within the communication, however the communication still gives the consumers a new perception of the companies. Consumers do not naturally seek to read the sustainability pages, but our results showed that the reading of the pages widens consumers' perception of what working with sustainability entails for fashion companies. This thesis is written in Swedish.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo compreender e analisar os movimentos de constituição de autoria dos profissionais que assumem o papel de conceptores em museus de ciências no processo de produção do discurso expositivo. Consideramos que o discurso expositivo diz respeito não somente aos saberes dos sujeitos envolvidos na concepção e no desenvolvimento das exposições, mas se refere também às condições de produção que caracterizam o processo como um todo e os sentidos atribuídos na materialização desse discurso. A abordagem metodológica utilizou o referencial das pesquisas qualitativas em educação e teve como foco a exposição de longa duração do Museu de Microbiologia do Instituto Butantan (SP). O referencial teórico adotado tem por base os pressupostos da abordagem sócio-histórica para o estudo da linguagem de Mikhail Bakhtin e seu Círculo, que evidencia características dialógicas em diferentes meios textuais e se objetiva como acontecimento concreto relacionado às condições que circunscrevem a vida dos sujeitos e as posições por eles assumidas. Para a análise, recorremos às contribuições que auxiliam a abordar o princípio de autoria na produção discursiva, tais como dialogismo, enunciado, horizontes sociais, alteridade, vozes e o conceito de gênero. A pesquisa fundamentou-se em duas etapas complementares e articuladas entre si que integram os procedimentos metodológicos. Na primeira etapa, investiu-se no estudo das exposições dos museus de ciências enquanto esfera de atividade na qual emerge o nosso objeto de investigação, onde foram utilizadas discussões sobre as concepções de educação e comunicação nessa unidade particular. A segunda etapa procurou focalizar a dimensão enunciativo-discursiva das produções discursivas dos profissionais que participam da concepção e do desenvolvimento da exposição de longa duração do Museu de Microbiologia. A partir do estudo realizado, situado por um breve histórico e o contexto de emergência do Museu de Microbiologia no Instituto Butantan, a exposição de longa duração do Museu foi descrita e foram analisados aspectos do seu processo de constituição, como as contrapalavras presentes na concepção da exposição, a estrutura composicional, com ênfase nos textos e nos objetos, e a presença do outro na produção do discurso expositivo. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a existência de especificidades nos movimentos de constituição de autoria desse evento discursivo, que o tornam singular na maneira como expressa a articulação entre as condições sociais de produção, os conhecimentos, os sentidos atribuídos pelos conceptores e seus interlocutores. Um aspecto observado se relaciona ao modo como a dimensão temporal e espacial é incorporada no discurso expositivo e condiciona os atributos e sentidos expressos nos textos e objetos. Outro aspecto se relaciona às vozes que caracterizam os discursos das diversas esferas sociais (científica, educativa, estético-espacial, entre outras) e que se deixam entrever por meio de marcas que se manifestam no discurso expositivo. Com base nas analises realizadas postula-se que exposição de museus de ciências poderia ser considerada um gênero de discurso de caráter híbrido, do ponto de vista enunciativo-discursivo. / The objective of this research is to understand and analyze the authorship constitution movements of professionals who play the role of designers in the production process of the expository discourse in science museums. We believe that the exhibition discourse concerns not only the knowledge of the subjects involved in the design and in the development of the exhibitions, but also refers to the production conditions that characterize the process as a whole, as well as to the meanings attributed during the materialization of this discourse. The methodological approach used the framework of qualitative research in education, and focused on the long-term exhibition at the Museum of Microbiology of the Instituto Butantan (SP). The theoretical approach is based on the assumptions of socio-historical approach to the study of language of Mikhail Bakhtin and his Circle, which shows dialogical characteristics in different textual media and results as a concrete event related to the conditions that circumscribe the lives of individuals and the positions assumed by them. For this analysis we used the contributions that help addressing the principle of authorship in the discursive production, such as dialogism, statement, social horizons, otherness, voices and the concept of gender. The research was based on two complementary and articulated steps that integrate the methodological procedures. On the first step we invested in the study of exhibitions in science museums as a sphere of activity in which the object of our research emerges, where discussions on the concepts of education and communication were used in this particular unit. The second stage sought to focus the enunciative-discursive dimension of discursive productions of professionals participating in the design and development of the long-term exhibition of the Museum of Microbiology. From this study, in which a brief historical background and the emerging context of the Museum of Microbiology at the Butantan Institute were established, the long-term exhibition at the Museum was described and aspects of its constitutional process, such as the counter words present in the design of the exhibition, the compositional structure with emphasis on the texts and objects and the presence of the other in the production of expository discourse were analyzed. The results show that there are specificities in the authorship constitution movements of this discursive event, which makes it unique in the way that it expresses the relationship between social conditions of production, knowledge, the senses attributed by designers and their interlocutors. A noticeable aspect relates to how the space and time dimension is incorporated into the exhibition discourse and determines the attributes and meanings expressed in the text and objects. Another aspect relates to the voices which characterize the discourses of different social spheres (scientific, educational, aesthetic, spatial, among others) and that afford a glimpse through marks that are expressed in the exhibition discourse. Based on the analysis performed it is believed that exhibitions in science museums could be considered a kind of discourse, hybrid in nature in terms of enunciative-discursive.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helio Rodrigues Junior.pdf: 1678662 bytes, checksum: 11bac551374f4cb7f39f24a48e8fbe03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-01 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / Portuguese PCN (Brazil, 1998) for elementary school were expressively a breakthrough in the teaching of writing production, appropriating textual genres as a way to bring the educational practices of language in the classroom. However, methodological proposals have not the teaching of these situations in which the tongue is placed into operation, i.e. not signal paths to the act of professor, generating numerous doubts as to how to think the teaching of genres and how to direct them in a manner satisfactory to the training of student's communicative competence. Arises from the main objective of this work connected to the contribution to the teaching of Portuguese language by means of a written production strategy of a textual genre, seated in epilinguagem activities, precisely, in rewritten, guided by aspects of Interactionism sociodiscursive, Linguistics education, Textual linguistics and Textual analysis of the speech. Two groups were formed, one that he wrote without any interference from the researcher and the other which was accompanied by researcher while teaching sequences were applied. We then compared the results with the purpose to prove our hypothesis that students who have had an approach of teaching by practices of language, in the focus of textual and discursive analyses on interaction activityoriented textual genres presented greater competence in the use of the language. We found that our hypothesis is true, since the rewrite of the text, together with a control list, didactic instrument used by the Geneva Group, allows the student, in textual refacção, take ownership of the genres of text, allowing you to tailor your speech to a particular communication situation. We propose and apply conscious intervention, revealed as an important tool for teaching and learning of writing in the school production / Os PCN de Língua Portuguesa (BRASIL, 1998) para o Ensino Fundamental assinalaram expressivamente um avanço no ensino da produção da escrita, apropriando-se dos gêneros textuais como forma de reconduzir as práticas pedagógicas de língua em sala de aula. Entretanto, não apresentam propostas metodológicas ao ensino dessas situações em que a língua é colocada em funcionamento, ou seja, não sinalizam caminhos para o agir do professor, gerando inúmeras dúvidas quanto a como pensar o ensino dos gêneros e como encaminhálos de maneira satisfatória para a formação da competência comunicativa do aluno. Surge daí o principal objetivo deste trabalho ligado à contribuição com o ensino de língua portuguesa por meio de uma estratégia de produção escrita de um gênero textual, assentada em atividades de epilinguagem, precisamente, na reescrita, guiadas pelos aspectos do Interacionismo sociodiscursivo, da Educação linguística, da Linguística textual e da Análise textual do discurso. Dois grupos foram formados, um que escreveu sem qualquer interferência do pesquisador e o outro que foi acompanhado pelo pesquisador enquanto sequências didáticas eram aplicadas. Partimos, depois, para a comparação dos resultados com a finalidade de comprovar a nossa hipótese de que os alunos que tiveram uma abordagem do ensino por práticas de linguagem, no foco das análises textuais e discursivas em atividades de interação - orientada pelos gêneros textuais apresentaram maior competência no uso da língua. Concluímos que nossa hipótese é verdadeira, já que a reescrita do texto, aliada a uma lista de controle, instrumento didático utilizado pelo Grupo de Genebra, permite ao aluno, na refacção textual, apropriar-se dos gêneros de texto, autorizando-lhe adequar o seu discurso a uma determinada situação de comunicação. Propomos e aplicamos uma intervenção consciente, revelada como uma importante ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem da produção escrita na escola

A superação da dualidade entre educação profissional e a educação básica constitui-se em uma necessidade preconizada pelos marcos legais mais recentes da Educação Profissional integrada ao Ensino Médio no Brasil, que, entre outros princípios, estabelecem a pesquisa como um princípio educativo, o que exige o desenvolvimento de estratégias diferenciadas de ensino. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial da metodologia de Estudos de Caso para a aquisição de conhecimentos específicos e para o desenvolvimento de habilidades de investigação e argumentação na disciplina de Processos Industriais de um Curso Técnico de Química integrado ao Ensino Médio. A execução da proposta ocorreu, em um primeiro momento, na abordagem da tecnologia de couros e, posteriormente, na tecnologia de tratamento de água. Os dados coletados envolveram questionários com questões fechadas e abertas sobre a atividade, aplicados aos estudantes, e os textos argumentativos produzidos como soluções para os casos apresentados. A análise de dados foi realizada com a tabulação do nível de concordância dos estudantes quanto às habilidades desenvolvidas com a atividade, além da categorização das avaliações preenchidas de forma aberta. Os textos argumentativos produzidos a partir dos casos envolvendo a tecnologia de tratamento de água foram submetidos à análise textual discursiva. Os resultados mostraram que a aquisição de conhecimentos específicos e a habilidade de investigação foram favorecidos nas duas situações. Ressaltamos, também, a contribuição da proposta para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de argumentação por meio da produção textual, aspecto pouco explorado em trabalhos anteriores. Concluímos que a proposta é uma alternativa adequada ao contexto investigado, representando uma possibilidade a somar-se ao acervo de metodologias ativas para a Educação Profissional de Química integrada ao Ensino Médio. / Surpass the duality between professional education and basic education constitutes a necessity advocated by the latest legal frameworks of professional education integrated to high school in Brazil, which, among other principles, establish research as an educational principle, which requires the development of differentiated teaching strategies. In this context, the present work was developed with the goal of evaluate the potential of case studies methodology to acquire specific knowledge and develop the research and reasoning skills in Industrial Processes discipline of a Chemistry Technician Course Integrated to High School. The implementation of the proposal was, at first, in the approach to leather technology and after in water treatment technology. Data collected involved questionnaires applied to students, with closed and open questions about the activity, and argumentative texts produced as solutions to the presented cases. Data analysis was performed with the tab of the students' level of agreement with regard to the activity developed skills as well as categorization of evaluations filled openly. The argumentative texts produced from cases involving water treatment technology was evaluated using discursive textual analysis. The results showed that the acquisition of specific knowledge and research skills were favored in both situations. Noteworthy is the contribution of the proposal for the development of reasoning ability by textual production, aspect weakly explored in previous works founded. We concluded that the proposal is a suitable alternative to the context investigated, representing a possible way to add to the collection of active methods for Professional Chemistry Education integrated to High School.

Basée sur la perspective des théologies contextuelles, cette recherche porte sur la stratégie discursive des enseignements sociaux catholiques locaux (ESCL) comme discours théologiques qui visent à libérer la population de Madagascar des possibles confusions dans leur discernement social. À partir d’une approche postcoloniale, l’analyse des discours abordés dans cette thèse étudie la manière dont les leaders catholiques élaborent les ESCL. Ces discours sont conçus en fonction de leur interprétation de la situation de Madagascar entre 1982 et 2002. Utilisant l’analyse discursive postcoloniale, le travail développe la vérification des catégories coloniales dans les enseignements sociaux des leaders catholiques. La présence des généralisations et des affirmations non fondées, la manière de penser en dichotomie ainsi que la hiérarchisation des idées et des humains seront vérifiées. L’analyse tient compte de l’importance des rapports qui lient les ESCL à l’identité malagasy et au processus de globalisation néolibérale et de démocratisation sur la Grande île. / Based on the perspective of contextual theologies, this research focuses on the discursive strategy of Local Catholic Social Teachings (ESCL) as theological discourses aimed at liberating the population of Madagascar from possible confusions in their social discernment. Using a postcolonial approach, the analysis of the discourses addressed in this thesis studies the way in which Catholic leaders develop their social teachings. These theological discourses are designed according to their interpretation of the situation of the country between 1982 and 2002. Using postcolonial discursive analysis mean scrutinize the presence of colonial categories in the ESCL. The presence of generalizations and unfounded affirmations, the way of thinking in dichotomy, and the hierarchization of ideas and humans will be verified. The analysis takes into account the importance of the relationships that link the ESCL to the Malagasy cultural identity combined to the process of neoliberal globalization and the process of democratization of the Island of Madagascar.