QC 20101124

Background: Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) is a popular marketing strategy where companies through this communication contribute to causes and engage their consumers by donating when they purchase a product and an amount of the revenue goes to charities. The concept has been divided into four different factors, being cause involvement, message, perceived cause fit and donation size. Cause-Related Marketing is of particular interest in regard to the sample as the next upcoming generation, Generation Z,  is forecasted to have great buying power and more awareness of societal issues. However, studies are lacking regarding this generation and especially in relation to Cause-Related Marketing as a strategy for influencing consumers purchase intentions. Hence, why this study tries to see how to reach this generation on their terms.  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain how Generation Z’s purchase intention is affected by four CRM factors.  Methodology:  This research has followed the structure of deductive research with a quantitative approach and with the research design of cross-sectional design. This further led to a self-complement online questionnaire being made, where the respondents consisted of Generation Z, with the ages of 18-26. The total number of respondents was concluded at 93. After collecting the data, the data has been cleaned and coded. Furthermore, by using Descriptive Statistics, Multiple Linear Regression, Cronbach's Alpha and Correlation Analysis the data was analysed and a result could be extracted. Findings: The result this research got from the empirical information, was that only one of the CRM factors had a significant and positive relation with Generation Z’s purchase intention, being Cause Involvement. The other factors had no significant relation with Generation Z’s purchase intention. Further, there was one item which was common in all factors and that one was emotion and to some extent knowledgeable.

Die Nierentransplantation stellt aktuell die Therapie der Wahl für Patienten mit terminaler chronischer Niereninsuffizienz dar. Dabei ist die Lebendspende der postmortalen Transplantation vorzuziehen, sofern ein passender Organspender zur Verfügung steht. Welchen Stellenwert einzelne Einflussfaktoren und Aspekte für das körperliche und seelische Wohlbefinden einnehmen, soll in dieser Arbeit an den 1997 – 2014 ope- rierten Patienten des Transplantationszentrums Dresden untersucht werden. Zusammenfassend beschäftigt sich diese Studie mit der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität von Spendern und Empfängern nach einer Lebendnierentransplantation. Die Ergebnisse sollen dazu beitragen, die perioperative Therapie und Betreuung zu optimieren sowie dem persönlichen Umfeld Hinweise zur Unterstützung ihrer Angehörigen aufzuzeigen.:Inhaltsverzeichnis Abbildungs- und Tabellenverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 1.1 Funktion der Niere 1.2 Die Niereninsuffizienz 1.3 Nierenersatzverfahren 1.4 Organtransplantation 1.5 Das Transplantationsgesetz 1.6 Lebendnierenspende 1.6.1 Modelle 1.6.2 Voraussetzungen 1.6.2.1 Medizinisch 1.6.2.2 Psychologisch 1.6.2.3 Rechtlich 1.6.3 Durchführung 1.6.4 Vorteile 1.6.5 Risiken 1.6.6 Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität und Transplantation 1.6.6.1 Empfänger 1.6.6.2 Spender 1.7 Entscheidungsfindung 2 Material und Methoden 2.1 Ziele und Fragestellungen 2.2 Durchführung der Datenerhebung 2.3 Beschreibung der Instrumente 2.3.1 BSI-18 2.3.2 Morisky-Score 2.3.3 WHO-5 2.3.4 Beratungsbedarf 2.3.5 LOT-R 2.3.6 BFI-K 2.3.7 F-SozU-22 2.3.8 GBB-24 2.3.9 Item Bundesgesundheitssurvey 2.4 Datenaufbereitung und statistische Auswertung 3 Ergebnisse 3.1 Auswertung nach Spenderstatus 3.1.1 Soziodemographie 3.1.2 Komplikationen 3.1.3 Zufriedenheit 3.1.4 Veränderungen 3.1.5 Psychisches Befinden 3.1.6 Compliance 3.1.7 Lebensqualität 3.1.8 Beratungsbedarf 3.1.9 Persönlichkeit 3.1.10 Soziale Unterstützung 3.1.11 Körperliche Beschwerden 3.2 Auswertung nach Geschlecht 3.2.1 Soziodemographie 3.2.2 Komplikationen 3.2.3 Zufriedenheit 3.2.4 Veränderungen 3.2.5 Psychisches Befinden 3.2.6 Compliance 3.2.7 Lebensqualität 3.2.8 Beratungsbedarf 3.2.9 Persönlichkeit 3.2.10 Soziale Unterstützung 3.2.11 Körperliche Beschwerden 3.3 Auswertung nach Alter 3.3.1 Komplikationen 3.3.2 Zufriedenheit 3.3.3 Veränderungen 3.3.4 Psychisches Befinden 3.3.5 Compliance 3.3.6 Lebensqualität 3.3.7 Beratungsbedarf 3.3.8 Persönlichkeit 3.3.9 Soziale Unterstützung 3.3.10 Körperliche Beschwerden 3.4 Auswertung nach Bildungsstand 3.4.1 Soziodemographie 3.4.2 Komplikationen 3.4.3 Zufriedenheit 3.4.4 Veränderungen 3.4.5 Psychisches Befinden 3.4.6 Compliance 3.4.7 Lebensqualität 3.4.8 Beratungsbedarf 3.4.9 Persönlichkeit 3.4.10 Soziale Unterstützung 3.4.11 Körperliche Beschwerden 3.5 Auswertung nach postoperativem Zeitraum 3.5.1 Komplikationen 3.5.2 Zufriedenheit 3.5.3 Veränderungen 3.5.4 Psychisches Befinden 3.5.5 Compliance 3.5.6 Lebensqualität 3.5.7 Beratungsbedarf 3.5.8 Persönlichkeit 3.5.9 Soziale Unterstützung 3.5.10 Körperliche Beschwerden 3.6 Regressionsanalyse 3.6.1 Zusammenhänge psychische Belastung 3.6.2 Zusammenhänge körperliches Befinden/Beschwerdedruck 3.6.3 Zusammenhänge Lebensqualität 3.6.4 Zusammenhänge soziale Unterstützung 3.6.5 Zusammenhänge Zufriedenheit 3.7 Korrelationsanalyse 4 Diskussion der Studie 4.1 Spender und Empfänger 4.2 Frauen und Männer 4.3 Alter 4.4 Bildungsstand 4.5 Datum der Transplantation 4.6 Studienkritik 4.6.1 Auswahl der Patienten 4.6.2 Durchführung 4.6.3 Auswertung 5 Zusammenfassung 6 Literaturverzeichnis 7 Anhang 7.1 Tabellen 7.2 Fragebogen 7.3 Fragebogen „Nachbefragung“ 7.4 Votum der Ethikkommission 7.5 Anlage 1 7.6 Anlage 2 8 Danksagung

This study aims to articulate on the basis of Jean-Luc Marion's philosophy a mystical interpretation of subjectivity. The first chapter follows Marion's reading of the history of metaphysics, in order to set-up the transcendental conditions of the mutual exclusion of God and the self. The second chapter takes up Marion's alternative to expand the field of philosophical rationality which metaphysics had limited. Marion proposes a phenomenology of givenness to overcome the limits of metaphysical thought. The final chapter attempts to establish a link between mysticism, understood in the specific sense of the primacy of the Good over Being, and the gifted, or the new figure of subjectivity. keywords : Jean-Luc Marion, history of metaphysics, phenomenology of givenness, saturated phenomenon, mystical theology

Am 16. August 2007 überreichte der Vorstandsvorsitzende der AG DSN, Herr Martin Wilske, Student der Informationssystemtechnik im 7. Semester, dem Generaldirektor der SLUB Dresden, Herrn Dr. Bürger, und der Fachreferentin für Informatik, Frau Sabine Fügner, symbolisch einen Scheck über 2500.- EUR zum Kauf von Informatikliteratur.

Bakgrund: Organtransplantation är en livräddande behandling vid terminal organsvikt men det råder en global brist på potentiella organdonatorer. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i att öka medvetenheten om organdonation i samhället och hennes attityd till och kunskap om organdonation kan påverka människors beslut att donera. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar sjuksköterskans attityd till organdonation. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie där 15 vetenskapliga artiklar från tre olika databaser granskades och analyserades. Resultat:Analysen resulterade i fem kategorier: Kunskapens påverkan, Arbetslivserfarenhetens påverkan, Familjen och den egna donationsviljans inflytande, Religionens inflytande och Misstro mot hälso- och sjukvården och lagstiftningen. Konklusion: Kunskap om kriterier för att fastställa död, organdonation, donationsprocessen och kommunikationsmetoder hjälpte sjuksköterskorna att förmedla adekvat information. Att vårda potentiella organdonatorer skapade en emotionell stress och att lyfta frågan om donation med donatorns familj var påfrestande. Att ha diskuterat organdonation inom den egna familjen var gynnsamt för attityden. Sjuksköterskans egen tolkning av sin religions inställning till organdonation påverkade attityden. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde rädsla för att gå miste om återupplivningsåtgärder eller att dödförklaras för tidigt som registrerade organdonatorer. / Background: Organ transplantation is a life-saving treatment but there is a global shortage of potential organ donors. The nurse has an important role in increasing awareness of organ donation. Her attitude toward and knowledge about organ donation might influence people’s decision to donate. Aim: The aim was to investigate factors that influence the nurse’s attitude toward organ donation. Method: This study was carried out as a general literature study. Fifteen scientific articles from three different data bases were reviewed and analyzed. Result: The analyze resulted in five categories: The impact of knowledge, The impact of work experience, The impact of family and own willingness to donate, The influence of religion and Distrust in the health care system and legislation. Conclusion: Knowledge about death criteria, organ donation and communication skills helped the nurse’s to convey information. Caring for potential organ donors generated an emotional stress and raising the question about donation with donor families was stressful. Having discussed organ donation within the own family was favorable for the attitude. The nurse’s own interpretation of her religion’s attitude toward organ donation influenced the attitude. The nurses experienced fear of not receiving proper resuscitation of being declared dead prematurely as registered organ donors.

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<p>This thesis studies the impacts of three government policy interventions in Canada on individuals' behaviour and attempts to bound structural coefficients implied by economics theories using the estimated treatment effects. While the last chapter is on the healthcare market, the first three chapters focus on individuals' charitable behaviour, especially volunteer behaviour. A compulsory volunteer policy in Ontario is investigated from theoretical and empirical perspectives in chapters one and two respectively. In a theoretical overlapping generation model with social capital accumulation, we find that such a policy likely increases total public good provision and the social capital level. However, whether it increases long-run volunteering by those no longer subject to the policy depends crucially on the size of a public good demand elasticity. Chapter two empirically examines the impact of a “compulsory volunteerism” policy for adolescents on subsequent behaviour in Ontario, which mandates 40-hours of community service for high school students as a requirement for graduation. We estimate that: 1) the compulsory volunteer policy increased volunteer participation during high school; 2) those affected by the policy likely volunteered less than they otherwise would have after high school completion; 3) young people in Ontario who were not directly affected by the policy volunteered less after its introduction.</p> <p>The third chapter examines the impact of tax policy changes on individuals' volunteer behaviour and attempts to analyze the relationship between donations of time and money. We develop a model where individuals are heterogeneous in their labour market and volunteer productivities, and in their tastes, which shows that positive cross sectional correlation between donations of money and time may occur because of individual-specific effects even though each individual would regard such donations as substitutes. Exploiting the exogenous variation in the tax price introduced by a series of tax policy changes in Canada, we find that individuals make more time donations as the tax price of charitable donations increases, which casts doubt on earlier findings in cross sectional data that monetary and time donations are complements and suggests that they may be substitutes as most theories would imply.</p> <p>The last chapter exploits changes in Canadian public health insurers' reimbursement schedules regarding chiropractic services to identify the impacts of subsidies for providers and patients. Over the past two decades, fiscal pressures have seen these services partly or completely “delisted” from public health insurance programs. Despite a large sample of individuals, there are challenges for inference in this situation where the source of exogenous variation derives from a small number of jurisdiction-level policy changes. To address them, we employ aggregation, a wild cluster bootstrap that provides asymptotic refinement, and other approaches. The results show appreciable decreases in providers’ incomes and in utilization with the latter concentrated among low and middle income patients. But, chiropractors also augment their labour supply, perhaps increasing administration, marketing/promotion, or time per patient visit.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

In the United States (U.S.), up to 40% of the entire food supply is lost or wasted, which contributes to negative environmental, economic, and social outcomes, with the majority of food waste occurring in the retail and consumer sectors of the food supply chain. Concurrently, 10.5% of U.S. households experienced food insecurity in 2019. Food insecurity rates are higher among individuals with low income and disproportionately affects ethically and racially diverse people living in poverty. Diverting excess food from retail and institutional settings to people in need is one method to reduce food waste and enhance individual, household, and community food security. This PhD dissertation describes four studies that explored food waste management in the U.S. among households with low-income and within U.S. food pantries, which are a critical component of the emergency food system. Study 1 consisted of a systematic review that examined differences in food waste attitudes and practices among consumers of across income levels. Study 2 was a quantitative research methods approach to examine food waste attitudes and practices of SNAP-eligible households (n=17). Study 3 was a cross-sectional quantitative approach to examine the impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on food waste management within U.S. food pantries (n=290). Study 4 assessed the feasibility of food pantries in Virginia (n=68) to implement marketing-mix and choice-architecture (MMCA) strategies within their food pantries given the changes they had to make in their food distribution models in response to COVID-19 physical distancing requirements. Collectively, the studies described in this PhD dissertation address knowledge gaps and may be used to inform policies and initiatives to increase food security and decrease food waste among households with low-income and organizations aimed at serving them. / Doctor of Philosophy / Food waste in the U.S. is a major challenge that impacts the environment, economy, and society. The largest amounts of food waste are generated within food retail and consumer household settings. Concurrently, food insecurity, which is defined as obtaining and having access to enough food for an adequate, nutritious diet, is also another complex food systems challenge in the U.S. Food insecurity rates are higher among people with low income and disproportionately affects ethnically and racially diverse people. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic placed further pressure on these two food systems challenges. Diverting excess, wholesome food from retail and institutional settings to people with hunger is a preferred method to mitigate both food waste levels and food insecurity rates. The U.S. emergency food system, which is a network of food recovery organizations that aim to receive excess food from retail settings and redistribute the food to people with hunger, play a pivotal role in addressing these two challenges. This PhD dissertation described four studies that address these two challenges. While this dissertation examined food waste management, the first half of the dissertation explored this topic within households and the second half explored food waste management within food pantries, which are a critical component to the U.S. emergency food system. Study 1 utilized a systematic procedure to review previously published consumer food waste research. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in food waste attitudes and practices among consumers of various income levels. Study 2 used a survey to examine food waste attitudes and practices of households eligible for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. Study 3 explored the impact of COVID-19 physical distancing requirements on food waste management within U.S. food pantries. Lastly, study 4 explored the feasibility of food pantry staff/volunteers on implementing behavioral economics strategies, which are changes to a setting that can promote selection of a certain food item, within their food pantry. Collectively, the studies described in this PhD dissertation address knowledge gaps and may inform policies and initiatives to mutually increase food security and decrease food waste among households with low-income and organizations aimed at serving them.

La donación de sangre contribuye a evitar millones de muertes en el mundo. Sin embargo, la escasez de información y los mitos son la limitante para que las personas realicen esta actividad, por lo que se planteó la siguiente interrogante ¿Cómo es la percepción sobre la donación de sangre en internos de enfermería de una universidad privada de Chiclayo, 2023? El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar, describir y analizar la percepción sobre la donación de sangre en internos de enfermería de una universidad privada de Chiclayo, 2023. Se utilizó el tipo de investigación cualitativa y el diseño descriptivo. La población fueron 26 internos de enfermería, el muestreo fue no probabilístico, obteniendo una muestra de 12 participantes por criterios de saturación y redundancia de información. La técnica utilizada fue una entrevista semiestructurada entre 7 a 15 minutos aproximadamente, como instrumento se tuvo una guía semiestructurada de 6 preguntas, validado por jueces expertos y prueba piloto. Finalmente, para el procesamiento y análisis de datos se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático, se formaron 4 categorías denominadas: Significado de la donación de sangre, limitantes asociadas a la donación de sangre, aspectos motivadores para donar sangre, propuestas para innovar la difusión sobre la donación de sangre. Así mismo se elaboraron 8 subcategorías: la donación de sangre como acto voluntario, como acto humanizado, limitantes fisiológicas, limitantes socioculturales, beneficios para la salud del donador, motivación altruista, campañas educativas y uso de TIC, las cuales luego fueron contrastadas con la literatura. / La donación de sangre contribuye a evitar millones de muertes en el mundo. Sin embargo, la escasez de información y los mitos son la limitante para que las personas realicen esta actividad, por lo que se planteó la siguiente interrogante ¿Cómo es la percepción sobre la donación de sangre en internos de enfermería de una universidad privada de Chiclayo, 2023? El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar, describir y analizar la percepción sobre la donación de sangre en internos de enfermería de una universidad privada de Chiclayo, 2023. Se utilizó el tipo de investigación cualitativa y el diseño descriptivo. La población fueron 26 internos de enfermería, el muestreo fue no probabilístico, obteniendo una muestra de 12 participantes por criterios de saturación y redundancia de información. La técnica utilizada fue una entrevista semiestructurada entre 7 a 15 minutos aproximadamente, como instrumento se tuvo una guía semiestructurada de 6 preguntas, validado por jueces expertos y prueba piloto. Finalmente, para el procesamiento y análisis de datos se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático, se formaron 4 categorías denominadas: Significado de la donación de sangre, limitantes asociadas a la donación de sangre, aspectos motivadores para donar sangre, propuestas para innovar la difusión sobre la donación de sangre. Así mismo se elaboraron 8 subcategorías: la donación de sangre como acto voluntario, como acto humanizado, limitantes fisiológicas, limitantes socioculturales, beneficios para la salud del donador, motivación altruista, campañas educativas y uso de TIC, las cuales luego fueron contrastadas con la literatura.