Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 159-175.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeNS_DISSERT.pdf: 223649 bytes, checksum: 1f54f98c7b9bb2f310a59fc39847a271 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-08 / Providing information about medication, an essential function of pharmaceutical practice to ensure rational drug use, is an important activity of hospital pharmacy services. The Drug Information Center of Onofre Lopes University Hospital (DIC-HUOL) initiated its activities in 1979 with the first Clinical Pharmacy Service in Brazil. The aim of this study was to assess information provided by DIC-HUOL, describing the profile of passive information offered by the center. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the profile of information requests (IR). One hundred percent of the IR received by the DIC between January 2008 and December 2009 were used. The results were divided by year to determine the influence of the restructuring process that occurred in 2008 and 2009. The study at DIC-HUOL showed a mean of 5.5 IR/month in 2008 and 20.3 IR/month in 2009; the mean of the last year is comparable to that of other Brazilian DIC. Most of the IR were made by medical residents (22.7%) in 2008 and by pharmacists (32.5%) in 2009. The significant use of the DIC by medical residents may be due to its location in a university hospital. The most recurrent types of IR concerned issues related to pathway/mode of administration (16.8%) and drug stability (13.1%) in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Requests were made verbally in 100% of the cases in 2008 and 78.8% in 2009, owing to the fact that most of the DIC users were professionals from the hospital itself. Time elapsed between request and response was not reported in 83.3% and 21.3% of the cases in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The most widely used bibliographic source during the two years was MICROMEDEX?, with 41.9% and 39.2%, respectively. The restructuring process had a positive influence on the DIC-HUOL, exhibiting similar parameters to those of other Brazilian DIC, but some of these parameters must be improved to achieve international standards / Fornecer informa??o sobre medicamentos ? uma fun??o essencial da pr?tica farmac?utica para garantir o uso racional de medicamentos e constitui uma atividade essencial dos servi?os de farm?cia hospitalar. O Centro de Informa??es sobre Medicamentos do Hospital Universit?rio Onofre Lopes (CIM-HUOL) iniciou suas atividades em 1979 atrav?s do servi?o de Farm?cia Cl?nica do hospital, sendo o primeiro CIM do Brasil. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as informa??es prestadas pelo CIM-HUOL, com a descri??o do perfil das informa??es passivas oferecidas pelo referido centro. Foi realizado um estudo transversal retrospectivo para identifica??o do perfil das solicita??es de informa??es. Foram utilizadas 100% das solicita??es de informa??es (SI) feitas ao CIM, no per?odo de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2009. Os resultados foram divididos por ano para se verificar a influ?ncia do processo de reestrutura??o que se deu entre o ano de 2008 e 2009. O estudo no CIM-HUOL mostrou uma media de 5,5 SI/m?s em 2008 e 20,3 SI/m?s em 2009; a m?dia do ?ltimo ano ? compar?vel ? m?dia de outros CIM brasileiros. A maioria das SI foram solicitadas por m?dicos residentes (22,7%) em 2008 e por farmac?uticos (32,5%) em 2009. A expressiva utiliza??o do CIM por m?dicos residentes pode ser atribu?da ? localiza??o do centro em um hospital universit?rio. Os tipos mais recorrentes de SI foram sobre temas relacionados ? via/modo de administra??o (16,8%), em 2008 e estabilidade de medicamentos (13,1%), em 2009. O modo de recebimento das solicita??es foi verbal em 100% das vezes, em 2008 e 78,8%, em 2009, podendo ser explicado pela maioria dos usu?rios do CIM serem profissionais do pr?prio hospital. O tempo para o envio da resposta n?o foi informado em 83,3%, em 2008 e em 21,3%, em 2009. A fonte bibliogr?fica mais utilizada nos dois anos de estudo foi o MICROMEDEX? com 41,9% e 39,2%, respectivamente. O processo de reestrutura??o causou uma influ?ncia positiva sobre o CIM-HUOL, este apresenta par?metros semelhantes aos de outros CIM brasileiros, por?m ? necess?rio o aprimoramento de alguns desses par?metros para alcan?ar padr?es internacionais

Class of 2015 Abstract / Objectives: To determine the incidence of late coagulopathy and characterize those requiring antivenom retreatment among rattlesnake envenomation patients managed by the Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center (APDIC). Methods: This descriptive, retrospective chart review used data extracted from APDIC charts. Data included coagulopathy lab values recorded during treatment, vials of antivenom required to achieve initial control, total vials during therapy, incidence of initial coagulopathy, use of extended infusion, time until treatment, and permanent sequelae due to snakebite. Demographic information was also recorded. Late coagulopathy is defined as coagulopathy occurring after completion of maintenance dosing, and can be considered recurrent or delayed. Delayed coagulopathy occurs in the absence of an initial coagulopathy, while recurrent coagulopathy requires an initial event previously controlled by antivenom therapy. Results: Of 321 identified reports, 120 patients were treated with antivenom, had outpatient follow-up, and were included in analysis. Sixty-one (50.8%) patients did not have an initial coagulopathy, while 59 (49.2%) had an initial coagulopathy. Late coagulopathy occurred in 63 (52.5%) of patients. Delayed coagulopathies occurred in 19 (31.1%) of patients with no initial coagulopathy; Of those with an initial coagulopathy, recurrent coagulopathies occurred in 44 (74.5%) of patients. Patients with initial coagulopathy were statistically more likely to develop a late coagulopathy than those with no initial coagulopathy (p<0.001). Seventeen patients required retreatment post-discharge. Conclusions: Patients envenomated by rattlesnakes are at high risk for developing late coagulopathies. Close outpatient follow-up is imperative for monitoring of coagulopathies. Need for retreatment with FabAV post-discharge is not uncommon.

Drug Information Centre service analysis IV. - drug interactions Author: Georg Michálek Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction: Drug information centre (DIC) of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, and University Hospital Hradec Králové was established in 1994. It provides drug information to healthcare professionals in the form of timely and accurate answers to drug-related enquiries, including drug interactions (DI). Aim: This study aimed to analyse enquiries related to DI processed by DIC from 2015 to 2020 and to solve three drug enquiries related to drug interactions. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative analysis of drug enquiries was carried out. Data was collected from individual enquiries related, but not limited to drug-drug, drug-herbal, and drug-disease interactions. The quantitative analysis based on descriptive statistical methods was performed on two levels: enquiry level and drug interaction level. On the enquiry level, ATC codes found in the enquiries were analysed and on the drug interaction level various parameters assigned to each DI were analysed, such as interacting components,...

BACKGROUND: The success of flipped classrooms is dependent upon students' preparation prior to class, the lack of which is the most common challenge associated with this teaching methodology. To mitigate this limitation, it is important to develop and assess methods of engaging learners during pre-class activities. OBJECTIVE: To determine if quiz delivery method (embedded throughout versus after pre-class videos) affects students' knowledge retention, grades, and video viewing behavior. METHODS: Participating students were randomized to take quizzes, either during pre-class videos via Panopto (EQV) or after pre-class videos in the traditional manner via Moodle (TMM). Outcomes assessed included students' knowledge retention, scores on pre- and post-class quizzes, and pre-class video viewing behavior (total views and minutes viewed per student) during a three-week period. Having experienced both quizzing modalities during the semester, the perceptions from students in the EQV group were surveyed. RESULTS: Baseline assessment results of both groups (n = 27 per group) were comparable with a median score of 33% (IQR: 17, 50) in both groups. Performance was also similar on knowledge retention [TMM: 67% (50, 83) vs. EQV: 83% (50, 83)], pre-class quiz scores [TMM: 90% (87, 97) vs. EQV: 93% (90, 95)], and post-class quiz scores [TMM: 93% (80, 100) vs. EQV: 87% (80, 100)], while students in the EQV group had more total views [10 (8, 12)] vs. [5 (2, 11)] and minutes viewed [71 (36, 108) vs. 35 (15, 81)]. Results from the perception survey administered to students in the EQV group (74.1% response rate) indicated a preference for embedded quizzes overall (58%) and for class preparation (75%) when compared with post-video quizzes. CONCLUSION: Students' knowledge retention and performance were similar in both EQV and TMM groups, though students in the EQV group were more engaged with videos and most of them preferred this quiz delivery. Using embedded quizzes for formative rather than summative assessment might be an appropriate mechanism to encourage students' viewing of pre-class videos and their preparation for flipped classes.

Cirurgiões-dentistas são responsáveis pela prescrição de medicamentos, fazendo-se necessário estudos que investiguem o quanto o paciente conhece seu tratamento. Outro aspecto de destaque na odontologia é a automedicação. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar e caracterizar o nível de conhecimento dos pacientes em relação aos medicamentos prescritos em serviços odontológicos públicos de Porto Alegre; verificar existência de prescrições verbais; identificar a prevalência de automedicação. METODOLOGIA: A pesquisa seguiu o modelo de estudo transversal. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário preenchido após consulta com o dentista, em dois serviços de urgência odontológica. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento, utilizou-se um escore cuja pontuação possibilitou a classificação em nível bom, regular ou insuficiente. Para a automedicação, identificou-se a prevalência da prática, classes farmacológicas e medicamentos mais utilizados pelos pacientes, no âmbito odontológico. RESULTADOS: Dos 286 entrevistados, 164 (57%) eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 35 anos e renda familiar de 3,5 salários mínimos. Observou-se um índice de aproximadamente 10% de prescrições verbais, e em relação às prescrições escritas (n=258), identificou-se que 86% dos pacientes sabiam o nome do medicamento, 85% a freqüência de doses, 66% a indicação terapêutica e 65% a dose. Apenas 20% e 9% sabiam informar sobre precauções e efeitos adversos, respectivamente. Através do escore utilizado, 55% da amostra apresentou um nível de conhecimento regular, 34% insuficiente e 11% bom. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 70% de automedicação, sendo as classes mais utilizadas os analgésicos (52%), antiinflamatórios não-esteróides (14%), relaxantes musculares (11%) e antibióticos (9%). Não houve associação entre a prática da automedicação e variáveis sócio-demográficas. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos pacientes apresenta um nível de conhecimento suficiente a respeito das informações principais do tratamento, porém é necessária uma melhor comunicação entre dentista e paciente a fim de promover o uso racional de medicamentos. A alta prevalência de automedicação e não associação com características sócio-demográficas pode estar relacionada ao problema que geralmente motiva a busca do atendimento de urgência, a dor dental, que requer solução imediata e pode ser, em um primeiro momento, contornada com medicamentos de venda livre. Porém, deve-se ressaltar o percentual expressivo de medicamentos utilizados equivocadamente para tratar afecções bucais. / Dentists are responsible for drug prescribing, hence the importance of studies that aim to evaluate patients’ knowledge regarding their treatment. Another matter of concern in dentistry is the practice of self-medication. OBJECTIVES: To assess and describe the degree of patients’ knowledge regarding their prescribed medicine in emergency dental services located in Porto Alegre, Brazil; verify the occurence of verbal prescribing practice by dentists; assess prevalence of self-medication. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two emergency services, whose data were collected using a structured questionnaire after dental consultation. In order to evaluate the degree of patient’s knowlegde, a scoring system was used, which each variable was graded. The sum of the points produced three different levels: good, regular and insufficient. Regarding self-medication, the aim was to establish its prevalence and identify the most utilized medications before seeking the dentist. RESULTS: Of the 286 outpatients interviewed, 164 (57%) were female, with a 35 year-old average and family mean income of 3.5 minimal salaries. Around 10% of the patients received verbal prescription and of the 258 who were questioned concerning medication knowledge from written prescriptions, 86% identified correctly the drug’s name, 85% could tell the dose schedule, 66% knew the indication and 65% the correct dosage. Only 20% and 9% were able to inform aspects of precautions and adverse reactions, respectively. From scoring system results, 55% of the patients displayed a regular knowledge, 34% insufficient and 11% a good one. The prevalence of self-medication among patients was 70%, being analgesics (52%), nonsteroidal antiinflammatories (14%), muscle relaxants (11%) and antibiotics (9%) the most utilized groups. There was no association between self-medication and independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the patients showed a sufficient knowledge level concerning the primary aspects of drug treatment, however a better communication between dentists and pacients is required in order to promote rational drug use. The high prevalence of self-medication and its lack of association with socio-demographic variables might be related to the reason people usually seek the emergency department, that is dental pain, which requires immediate care and may be, on a first attempt, solved with OTC drugs. However, there was an expressive share of medication mistankely used for dental purposes.

Cirurgiões-dentistas são responsáveis pela prescrição de medicamentos, fazendo-se necessário estudos que investiguem o quanto o paciente conhece seu tratamento. Outro aspecto de destaque na odontologia é a automedicação. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar e caracterizar o nível de conhecimento dos pacientes em relação aos medicamentos prescritos em serviços odontológicos públicos de Porto Alegre; verificar existência de prescrições verbais; identificar a prevalência de automedicação. METODOLOGIA: A pesquisa seguiu o modelo de estudo transversal. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário preenchido após consulta com o dentista, em dois serviços de urgência odontológica. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento, utilizou-se um escore cuja pontuação possibilitou a classificação em nível bom, regular ou insuficiente. Para a automedicação, identificou-se a prevalência da prática, classes farmacológicas e medicamentos mais utilizados pelos pacientes, no âmbito odontológico. RESULTADOS: Dos 286 entrevistados, 164 (57%) eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 35 anos e renda familiar de 3,5 salários mínimos. Observou-se um índice de aproximadamente 10% de prescrições verbais, e em relação às prescrições escritas (n=258), identificou-se que 86% dos pacientes sabiam o nome do medicamento, 85% a freqüência de doses, 66% a indicação terapêutica e 65% a dose. Apenas 20% e 9% sabiam informar sobre precauções e efeitos adversos, respectivamente. Através do escore utilizado, 55% da amostra apresentou um nível de conhecimento regular, 34% insuficiente e 11% bom. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 70% de automedicação, sendo as classes mais utilizadas os analgésicos (52%), antiinflamatórios não-esteróides (14%), relaxantes musculares (11%) e antibióticos (9%). Não houve associação entre a prática da automedicação e variáveis sócio-demográficas. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos pacientes apresenta um nível de conhecimento suficiente a respeito das informações principais do tratamento, porém é necessária uma melhor comunicação entre dentista e paciente a fim de promover o uso racional de medicamentos. A alta prevalência de automedicação e não associação com características sócio-demográficas pode estar relacionada ao problema que geralmente motiva a busca do atendimento de urgência, a dor dental, que requer solução imediata e pode ser, em um primeiro momento, contornada com medicamentos de venda livre. Porém, deve-se ressaltar o percentual expressivo de medicamentos utilizados equivocadamente para tratar afecções bucais. / Dentists are responsible for drug prescribing, hence the importance of studies that aim to evaluate patients’ knowledge regarding their treatment. Another matter of concern in dentistry is the practice of self-medication. OBJECTIVES: To assess and describe the degree of patients’ knowledge regarding their prescribed medicine in emergency dental services located in Porto Alegre, Brazil; verify the occurence of verbal prescribing practice by dentists; assess prevalence of self-medication. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two emergency services, whose data were collected using a structured questionnaire after dental consultation. In order to evaluate the degree of patient’s knowlegde, a scoring system was used, which each variable was graded. The sum of the points produced three different levels: good, regular and insufficient. Regarding self-medication, the aim was to establish its prevalence and identify the most utilized medications before seeking the dentist. RESULTS: Of the 286 outpatients interviewed, 164 (57%) were female, with a 35 year-old average and family mean income of 3.5 minimal salaries. Around 10% of the patients received verbal prescription and of the 258 who were questioned concerning medication knowledge from written prescriptions, 86% identified correctly the drug’s name, 85% could tell the dose schedule, 66% knew the indication and 65% the correct dosage. Only 20% and 9% were able to inform aspects of precautions and adverse reactions, respectively. From scoring system results, 55% of the patients displayed a regular knowledge, 34% insufficient and 11% a good one. The prevalence of self-medication among patients was 70%, being analgesics (52%), nonsteroidal antiinflammatories (14%), muscle relaxants (11%) and antibiotics (9%) the most utilized groups. There was no association between self-medication and independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the patients showed a sufficient knowledge level concerning the primary aspects of drug treatment, however a better communication between dentists and pacients is required in order to promote rational drug use. The high prevalence of self-medication and its lack of association with socio-demographic variables might be related to the reason people usually seek the emergency department, that is dental pain, which requires immediate care and may be, on a first attempt, solved with OTC drugs. However, there was an expressive share of medication mistankely used for dental purposes.

Cirurgiões-dentistas são responsáveis pela prescrição de medicamentos, fazendo-se necessário estudos que investiguem o quanto o paciente conhece seu tratamento. Outro aspecto de destaque na odontologia é a automedicação. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar e caracterizar o nível de conhecimento dos pacientes em relação aos medicamentos prescritos em serviços odontológicos públicos de Porto Alegre; verificar existência de prescrições verbais; identificar a prevalência de automedicação. METODOLOGIA: A pesquisa seguiu o modelo de estudo transversal. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário preenchido após consulta com o dentista, em dois serviços de urgência odontológica. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento, utilizou-se um escore cuja pontuação possibilitou a classificação em nível bom, regular ou insuficiente. Para a automedicação, identificou-se a prevalência da prática, classes farmacológicas e medicamentos mais utilizados pelos pacientes, no âmbito odontológico. RESULTADOS: Dos 286 entrevistados, 164 (57%) eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 35 anos e renda familiar de 3,5 salários mínimos. Observou-se um índice de aproximadamente 10% de prescrições verbais, e em relação às prescrições escritas (n=258), identificou-se que 86% dos pacientes sabiam o nome do medicamento, 85% a freqüência de doses, 66% a indicação terapêutica e 65% a dose. Apenas 20% e 9% sabiam informar sobre precauções e efeitos adversos, respectivamente. Através do escore utilizado, 55% da amostra apresentou um nível de conhecimento regular, 34% insuficiente e 11% bom. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 70% de automedicação, sendo as classes mais utilizadas os analgésicos (52%), antiinflamatórios não-esteróides (14%), relaxantes musculares (11%) e antibióticos (9%). Não houve associação entre a prática da automedicação e variáveis sócio-demográficas. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos pacientes apresenta um nível de conhecimento suficiente a respeito das informações principais do tratamento, porém é necessária uma melhor comunicação entre dentista e paciente a fim de promover o uso racional de medicamentos. A alta prevalência de automedicação e não associação com características sócio-demográficas pode estar relacionada ao problema que geralmente motiva a busca do atendimento de urgência, a dor dental, que requer solução imediata e pode ser, em um primeiro momento, contornada com medicamentos de venda livre. Porém, deve-se ressaltar o percentual expressivo de medicamentos utilizados equivocadamente para tratar afecções bucais. / Dentists are responsible for drug prescribing, hence the importance of studies that aim to evaluate patients’ knowledge regarding their treatment. Another matter of concern in dentistry is the practice of self-medication. OBJECTIVES: To assess and describe the degree of patients’ knowledge regarding their prescribed medicine in emergency dental services located in Porto Alegre, Brazil; verify the occurence of verbal prescribing practice by dentists; assess prevalence of self-medication. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two emergency services, whose data were collected using a structured questionnaire after dental consultation. In order to evaluate the degree of patient’s knowlegde, a scoring system was used, which each variable was graded. The sum of the points produced three different levels: good, regular and insufficient. Regarding self-medication, the aim was to establish its prevalence and identify the most utilized medications before seeking the dentist. RESULTS: Of the 286 outpatients interviewed, 164 (57%) were female, with a 35 year-old average and family mean income of 3.5 minimal salaries. Around 10% of the patients received verbal prescription and of the 258 who were questioned concerning medication knowledge from written prescriptions, 86% identified correctly the drug’s name, 85% could tell the dose schedule, 66% knew the indication and 65% the correct dosage. Only 20% and 9% were able to inform aspects of precautions and adverse reactions, respectively. From scoring system results, 55% of the patients displayed a regular knowledge, 34% insufficient and 11% a good one. The prevalence of self-medication among patients was 70%, being analgesics (52%), nonsteroidal antiinflammatories (14%), muscle relaxants (11%) and antibiotics (9%) the most utilized groups. There was no association between self-medication and independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the patients showed a sufficient knowledge level concerning the primary aspects of drug treatment, however a better communication between dentists and pacients is required in order to promote rational drug use. The high prevalence of self-medication and its lack of association with socio-demographic variables might be related to the reason people usually seek the emergency department, that is dental pain, which requires immediate care and may be, on a first attempt, solved with OTC drugs. However, there was an expressive share of medication mistankely used for dental purposes.

Läkemedelsetiketter är viktiga för att kunna hantera receptbelagda läkemedel på rätt sätt. Äldre människor är de som i störst utsträckning hämtar ut och använder receptbelagda läkemedel. Läkemedelsverket har för tillfället inga riktlinjer eller bestämmelser gällande hur etiketterna ska se ut. Däremot finns bestämmelser för vilken information de ska innehålla. Utformningen av etiketterna är upp till varje apotekskedja att göra tydlig och begriplig. Studier har visat att etiketterna är bristfälliga på flera olika sätt. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa ett kompletterande material till läkemedelsetiketterna, som tydliggör informationen med hjälp av applicering av lämpliga designfaktorer. Tanken är att materialet ska komma från apotekskedjorna och ges till läkemedelsanvändare efter behov. Metoderna observation, intervju och analys av data har tillämpats för att ta reda på användargruppens preferenser och behov. Tillsammans med litteraturstudier och tidigare forskning, som omfattat läslighet, teknikinformation och kognition, har jag tagit fram ettgestaltningsförslag som är menat att gynna äldre personers hantering av läkemedel. Studien har resulterat i att placering av de olika textelementen, teckenstorleken, formuleringen av doseringsinstruktionen och isoleringseffekten haft en betydande roll för att användargruppen ska anse det kompletterande materialet som tydligt och begripligt. / Drug labels are important to be able to manage prescription drugs properly. Older people are the ones who, to the greatest extent, pick up and use prescription drugs. The Swedish Medical Products Agency currently has no guidelines or regulations regarding what the labels should look like. However, there are provisions for what information they should contain. The design of the labels is up to each pharmacy chain to make clear and understandable. Studies have shown that the labels are deficient in several different ways. The aim of this study is to create a complementary material to the drug labels, which clarifies the information by applying appropriate design factors. The idea is that the material should come from pharmacy chains and be given to the medicationuser as needed. The methods observation, interview and analysis of data have been applied to find out the user group's preferences and needs. Together with literature studies and previous research, which included legibility, technical information and cognition, I have developed a design proposal that is intended to benefit the medication management for older adults. The study has resulted in that the placement of the various text elements, the font size, the formulation of the dosing instruction and the isolation effect have had a significant role forthe user group to consider the supplementary material as clear and comprehensible.

<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>eHealth Ontario and the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC), with funding from Canada Health Infoway, are considering introducing a Drug Information System (DIS). This system will introduce and integrate ePrescribing, eDispensing and electronic data interchange (two-way electronic order communication between physicians via electronic medical records (EMR) systems and pharmacists via pharmacy management systems (PMS) regarding medications).</p> <p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To gather perceptions of family physicians, community pharmacists and patients on the DIS being implemented in Ontario. Before such an expensive large-scale system is implemented, areas of concerns should be identified to maximize utilization of the system.</p> <p><strong>Study Design: </strong>Three different group-specific electronic and paper questionnaires</p> <p><strong>Setting: </strong>Family physicians, community pharmacists and patients. The aim was to receive <strong>35</strong> questionnaire responses from each group from Waterloo, Hamilton, Guelph and the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario. <strong></strong></p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>A<strong> </strong>Literature search was conducted to study the current two-way electronic order communication systems and perceptions of prescribers, dispensers and patients on ePrescribing or eDispensing within primary care. Group-specific questionnaires, used with consent from a Scottish study, were altered and tailored for Ontarians, and distributed to all 3 groups via convenience and snowball sampling. Study findings were compared to the same Scottish study.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The ‘adjusted’ response rates were 82% (patients), 72% (community pharmacists) and 60% (family physicians). All three groups were in favour of DIS being implemented in Ontario. Generally only the pharmacist group had any knowledge of DIS before this survey. Most respondents agreed that patient care would improve with the implementation of DIS.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementation of the DIS in Ontario is perceived as a good idea amongst all pharmacists, family physicians and patients. However, eHealth Ontario and MOHLTC need to increase awareness amongst all three, but mostly consumer and prescriber groups of the potential benefits of the DIS in order for them to accept and adapt to this new system. <strong> </strong></p> / Master of Science (MSc)