Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether The Large Glass was a negation of women for Marcel Duchamp. The thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter I is the introduction to the thesis. CHapter II includes a synopsis of the major interpretations of The Large Glass. Duchamp's statements in regard to The Large Glass are also included in Chapter II. Chapter III explains how The Large Glass works through the use of Duchamp's notes. Chapter IV investigates Duchamp's negation of women statement in several ways. His personal relationships with relatives including his wives and other women, and his early paintings of women were examined. His idea of indifference was seen within the context of the Dandy and his alter ego, Rrose Selavy as a Femme Fatale. His machine paintings are also seen as a part of his idea of detachment and negation of women. Detachment as an intellectual pursuit was probed with his life-long interest in chess. The Large Glass was then seen as not only showing inconographically a negation of women but also as being an intrinsic component of his life and his work.

Esta pesquisa investiga a ironia na obra do artista chileno Patricio Farías, a partir de sua vinda para o Brasil, na década de 1980. Constatada a reincidência desse recurso retórico na trajetória do artista, a pesquisa busca problematizar as circunstâncias em que isso se faz presente e se desenvolve. A metodologia aplicada envolve o uso de entrevistas e leitura de imagens. Ao pretender estabelecer uma certa tipologia, que aponte diferentes nuances da ocorrência da ironia e do humor, a dissertação apresenta três estudos de caso, privilegiando na análise obras bastante distintas: o primeiro capítulo aborda Desaparecidos (1999/2000), o segundo capítulo discute Entendere-new-now (2005), e o terceiro capítulo traz não apenas uma obra, mas um conjunto, em que a relação irônica se dá sob a perspectiva de um comparativo com a produção de Marcel Duchamp. A partir desses procedimentos, objetiva-se refletir e dar destaque ao tema da ironia nas artes visuais na contemporaneidade, ao mesmo tempo, observar criticamente a produção de Patricio Farías, que ainda não mereceu estudos de maior fôlego no país. / This research investigates the irony in the work of the Chilean artist Patricio Farías after his arrival in Brazil in the 1980s. After detecting the recurrence of this rhetorical device in the trajectory of the artist, the research seeks to problematize the circumstances in which irony evolves itself. The adopted methodology involves the use of interviews and image reading. In order to establish a certain typology, which points out different nuances of irony and humor, this dissertation presents three case studies, focusing the analysis on quite distinct works: the first chapter covers the work Desaparecidos (1999/2000), the second chapter discusses Entendere-new-now (2005), and the third chapter brings not only one work, but a group of them, in which the relationship with irony takes place from a comparative perspective of Marcel Duchamp’s work. Based on these procedures, the objective is to highlight and ponder the irony in the visual arts in the contemporaneity, while at the same time critically observing the production of Patricio Farías, who has not received deep studies in Brazil.

Partant d'une formulation énigmatique du philosophe allemand Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729-1781), « Paressons en toutes choses, hormis en aimant et en buvant, hormis en paressant », ce mémoire est constitué d'une série d'exemples qui permettent d'interroger le potentiel subversif, critique, de la paresse dans un système basé sur les idéologies du travail et de la productivité, mais aussi, dans le monde de l'art dominant où règnent ces mêmes idéologies. Nous avons mis au cœur de cette réflexion le paradoxe que comporte le fait même de travailler sur la paresse et, comme on le dit en d'autres mots, le paradoxe de performer la paresse. Sans chercher à résoudre ce paradoxe, ce mémoire postule plutôt l'existence d'une paresse active, décidée ou même effective qui permet justement d'activer sa dimension heuristique et critique. Les cas de figure de Marcel Duchamp, Mladen Stilinović et Goran Dordevic, exacerbent ce paradoxe pour articuler sa faille logique et nous invitent à découvrir la problématique de la paresse en art comme manière d'être plutôt que comme producteur d'objets d'art, ce qui correspondrait à la logique productiviste. La structure de ce mémoire reprend la formule de Lessing que nous avons décomposée partie par partie, chapitre par chapitre. Le premier chapitre a pour assise théorique la figure de Bartleby, héros d'une nouvelle d'Herman Melville qui a inspiré les penseurs modernes et contemporains Gilles Deleuze, Michael Hardt et Antonio Negri, Slavoj Zizek et Giorgio Agamben, et constitue aussi une synthèse des lectures sur la critique du productivisme (André Gorz). Dans le second chapitre, en partant des auteurs Raoul Vaneigem, Roland Barthes et Giorgio Agamben, il s'agit d'imaginer ce que serait une communauté de paresseux, une communauté fondée sur l'amour. Dans le troisième chapitre, il s'agit de démontrer qu'en art il est possible d'être occupé tout en étant paresseux, à condition qu'on n'ajoute rien à ce qui est déjà là. Dans le quatrième et dernier chapitre, la paresse est vue en fonction de son ontologie à partir de Spinoza, de Nietzsche et de Barthes. Une lecture d'un entretien avec l'artiste Mladen Stilinović témoigne d'une façon d'entendre la paresse dans la perspective de l'art. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : paresse en art, performer la paresse, art conceptuel, Mladen Stilinović, Marcel Duchamp, Goran Dordevic.

This thesis considers the notion that it is the future which judges the present and that judgement is always guilty. In effect to understand modernity on its own terms one would have to inquire if we have any more right to affirm a given future than to deny one? / The question arises as follows. If a subject exists prior to the process which is its being, an uncomfortable aporia ensues. / Firstly, if being human is understood as "becoming", i.e. humans can and do appear through the enactment of change, then "being" itself is temporal. How then does this self secure its appearance other than through the very process it assumes itself to be prior to? Such a securing would imply an absolute uniformity and homogeneity not predicated on human-enacted change. If securing is in fact the aim of appearance, and therefore the operative term in judgement, what then are the consequences of action in terms of created results? / In other words, what are the consequences of the temporality of "being"? It continues to produce a world. The second question then is: how does one judge, make and act, toward a future which properly speaking, cannot be our rightful concern? / The question is approached initially through a discussion of the integral terms. In the final chapters, an attempt is made to understand the premise of Marcel Duchamp's Etant Donnes. Duchamp's work is taken as paradigmatic of making circumventing the aporia of self-revelation through becoming.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:08:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_dg_me_ia.pdf: 962417 bytes, checksum: 517fb2982a917fb012d217514abff806 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Trabalho crítico-criativo sobre poesia visual. O elástico conceito de ideograma norteou este trabalho. Estrutura. Movimento. Seleção e crítica. Ordenação. Justaposição. de fragmentos. Redes de associações. Conexões. Processos e não produtos acabados. Crescimento sígnico. Universo diagramático. Método heurístico. Poesia e linguagem. O texto é um diagrama, icônico. Aprofundamento. Poesia Concreta. Criou-se a personagem Rrosé Selavy Duchampignon, que relaciona poesia e Duchamp. Síntese criativa. Recorte. Colagem. Montagem. Trabalho com apropriações. Nesta dissertação-livro-de-artista também são apresentados alguns trabalhos de poesia visual. E um termo de compromisso com a arte. Registrado em cartório. / Critic-creative work about visual poetry. The elastic ideogram concept guided this work. Structure. Movement. Selection and criticism. O verplapping of fragments. Associantion networks. Connections. Processes and not finished products. Signic growth. Diagrammatic universe. Heuristic method. Poetry and language. The text is an iconic diagram. Deepening. Concrete poetry. The character Rrosé Selavy Duchampignon, relating poetry and Duchamp, was created. Creative synthesis. Cutting. Pasting. Assemblage. Work with appropriations. In this artist-book-dissertation some works of visual poetry are also presented. And an instrument of commitment whit the art. Notarized.

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One of the most consistent features of the diverse artistic movements that have flourished throughout the twentieth century has been their willingness to experiment in diverse genres and across alternative art forms. Avant-gardes such as Expressionism, Dada, Surrealism, Futurism, Fluxus and Pop were composed not only of painters but also dramatists, musicians, actors, singers, dancers, sculptors, poets and architects. Their works represent a dramatic process of crossfertilization between the arts, resulting in an array of hybrid forms that defy conventional categorisation. This thesis investigates implications of this cross-disciplinary impulse and aims by doing so to open out a site in which to reassess both the manner in which the avant-gardes have been theorised and the impact their theorisation has had on contemporary aesthetics. In the first part of this study, I revisit the work of the most influential theorists of the avant-garde in order to ask what the term “avant-garde” has come to signify. I look at how different theories of the avant-garde and of modernism relate to one another as well as asking what effect these theories have had on attempts to evaluate the legacies of the avant-gardes. The work of Theodor Adorno provides a connective tissue throughout the thesis. In Chapter One, I use it to complicate Peter Bürger’s notion of the avant-garde as “anti-art” and to argue that the most pressing challenge that the avant-gardes announce is to think through the cross-disciplinarity that marks their work. In Chapter Two, I trace how painting has come to be considered as the paradigmatic modernist art form and how, as a result, the avant-garde has been read as a secondary, “literary” phenomenon to be grasped through its relation to painting. I argue that this constitutes a systematic devaluation of literature and has resulted in an “art historical” model of the avant-gardes which represses both their real radicality and implications of their work for these kinds of disciplinary structures. In the second part of this thesis, I explore works which examine and question the aesthetic hierarchies and notions of aesthetic autonomy that the theories of modernism and the avant-garde explored in the first part set up. In Chapter Three, I approach by way of two cross-disciplinary works which employ literature and visual art: Marcel Duchamp’s Green Box (1934) and Andy Warhol’s a; a novel (1968). Works such as these, which slip through the gaps between literary and art history, have, I argue, important implications for literary and visual aesthetics but are often overlooked in disciplinary histories. In my final chapter, I return to the theory of the avant-garde as it emerges in the work of Jean-Francois Lyotard. I examine how his work reconfigures Adorno’s aesthetics by performing the cross-disciplinary movement that it argues is characteristic of avant-garde art works. Tracing his “post-aesthetic” response to Duchamp and Warhol, I explore how Lyotard articulates a mode of practice that moves beyond the dichotomy of “art” and “antiart” and opens out a site in which the importance of the twentieth century avant-gardes is made visible. I conclude by briefly considering the implications of the avant-garde, as I have presented it in this thesis, for contemporary debates on the twenty-first century “digital avant-gardes” and recent writing on aesthetics.