<p>Quantile regression have its advantage properties comparing to the OLS model regression which are full measurement of the effects of a covariate on response, robustness and Equivariance property. In this paper, I use a survey data in Belgium and apply a linear model to see the advantage properites of quantile regression. And I use a quantile regression model with the raw data to analyze the different cost of family on different numbers of children and apply a Wald test. The result shows that for most of the family types and living standard, from the lower quantile to the upper quantile the family cost on children increases along with the increasing number of children and the cost of each child is the same. And we found a common behavior that the cost of the second child is significantly more than the cost of the first child for a nonworking type of family and all living standard families, at the upper quantile (from 0.75 quantile to 0.9 quantile) of the conditional distribution.</p>

Quantile regression have its advantage properties comparing to the OLS model regression which are full measurement of the effects of a covariate on response, robustness and Equivariance property. In this paper, I use a survey data in Belgium and apply a linear model to see the advantage properites of quantile regression. And I use a quantile regression model with the raw data to analyze the different cost of family on different numbers of children and apply a Wald test. The result shows that for most of the family types and living standard, from the lower quantile to the upper quantile the family cost on children increases along with the increasing number of children and the cost of each child is the same. And we found a common behavior that the cost of the second child is significantly more than the cost of the first child for a nonworking type of family and all living standard families, at the upper quantile (from 0.75 quantile to 0.9 quantile) of the conditional distribution.

Owing to technological development, companies want to transmit a memorable customer experience to their customer in order to enhance their competitive advantage. The purpose of this thesis is twofold - (1) to explore how E-tailers of vintage are working to create memorable online customer experiences and (2) to identify the challenges vintage E-tailers face whilst trying to create these experiences. Earlier research focusing on consumer experience within an online setting was used as a theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews with eight successful companies, all working with selling vintage online was conducted, and conclusions using thematic analysis were drawn. The findings showed that the most important factors were unique and wide assortment, establishing trust, and adequate communication. The study also shows that the main challenges are related to the complex assortment and its growth, as well as the consumer attitudes. In contrast to the current literature, this study shows that the utilitarian feature is not important and it is something that the customers take for granted. The hedonic features are perceived as being of higher importance. A suggested framework of how to create memorable customer experiences in the context of vintage is also constructed.

Purpose – The purpose of this master thesis is to explore how an e-tailer selling bulky items can use a multiple criteria ABC analysis to make its purchasing process more effective, while balancing richness and reach, with the performance measurements of profitability, total asset turnover and inventory turnover. The purpose will be accomplished through a single case study on an e-tailer active on the Swedish furniture and home furnishing market. Methodology – This thesis applies a multiple criteria ABC-analysis to a single case study. The approach is semi-deductive as theory is combined with interviews on how to match and adapt theory about inventory control and purchasing with the specific requirements of an e-tailer selling bulky items. Findings – This thesis has resulted in a set of recommendations that aim to make the purchasing process of an e-tailer more effective. That is, capital and inventory space will be better allocated to the e-tailer’s more profitable items. Among other things, this thesis shows how dead articles can be identified and how a purchaser can prioritize more profitable articles over less profitable ones when making procurement decisions. The other recommendations are for the e-tailer to investigate the possibilities of decoupling the supply chain by keeping stock at the suppliers’ premises, to match the supplier reliability with their importance in the supply chain, and lastly to explore possibilities of drop shipment. Further, the main finding is that a comparison between the A-, B-, and C-classes and the reliability of the suppliers, highlights a gap and a possible risk. Put differently, the importance of a specific item for the business should be reflected in the choice of supplier and the multiple criteria ABC analysis is the tool to illustrate the importance. Keywords – E-commerce, E-tailer, richness, reach, transaction cost, ABC analysis, multiple criteria ABC, MCABC, inventory turnover ratio, supplier selection, purchasing Paper type – Masters thesis / Syfte – Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka hur en e-handelsdetaljist som säljer skrymmande artiklar kan använda en flerdimensionell ABC-analys för att göra sin inköpsprocess mer effektiv och balansera richness och reach, med mätetal som lönsamhet, kapitalomsättningshastighet och lageromsättningshastighet. Syftet kommer att uppfyllas genom en fallstudie på en e-handelsdetaljist verksam på den svenska möbel- och heminredningsmarknaden. Metod – Denna fallstudie använder sig av en flerdimensionell ABC-analys. Tillvägagångssättet är semi-deduktivt då intervjuer och teori om hur lagerstyrning och inköp kan matchas och anpassas till ett företags specifika behov. Resultat – Den här uppsatsen har resulterat i en rad åtgärder som syftar till att göra en ehandlares inköpsprocess mer effektiv. På så vis att kapital och lageryta bättre allokeras till ehandlarens lönsamma artiklar. Bland annat visar den här uppsatsen hur döda artiklar kan identifieras och hur inköparen kan prioritera mer lönsamma artiklar över olönsamma vid inköp. De andra åtgärdena handlar om att undersöka möjligheter att frikoppla försörjningskedjan genom att lagra produkter hos leverantören, att matcha leverantörernas pålitlighet och deras betydelse i försörjningskedjan, och slutligen att utforska möjligheter att utöka drop shipment. Det främsta bidraget är att eventuella felprioriteringar och risker blir tydliga genom en jämförelse mellan A-, B- och C-klasserna och leverantörernas pålitlighet. Med andra ord bör den affärsmässiga inverkan som respektive artikel har på e-handlarens resultat avspegla sig i valet av leverantör. En flerdimensionell ABC-analys kan användas för att påvisa respektive artikels affärsmässiga inverkan. Publikationstyp – Examensarbete för utbildning till civilingenjör (masteruppsats).

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摘 要 台灣地區近日網路購物的人數快速成長，因此，消費者對於網路商品的需求大增，是否能從網路商店購買到價廉物美的商品乃為消費者關心的焦點。且根據資策會的調查，書籍是網路購物者的最愛，基於探討網路商店定價行為的國外文獻大抵僅以美國為研究對象，偏重於簡單的統計與迴歸分析，欠缺較深入的統計方法如單因子變異數分析法及集群分析法，加上國內缺乏針對網路商店定價行為從事分析的實證文獻，於是本研究將以書籍為研究對象，蒐集國內傳統書店和網路書店銷售書籍的價格，綜合了迴歸分析、無母數統計、單因子變異數分析及集群分析四大方法從事書店定價行為的分析。本研究先以複迴歸分析探討不同書店之書籍售價的決定因素；再以無母數統計法比較不同購買數量及不同種類的書籍售價；然後，以單因子變異數分析和Turkey、Scheffe兩兩比較法剖析書籍的售價與書店的關聯性；最後，以策略群組分析法探索書店間經營策略的類似性及差異性。 結果顯示，網路書店彼此之間的價格競爭較實體書店之間激烈。書店的書籍銷售價格和資本額、員工數成正向關係，資本額越大、員工數越多則書籍銷售價格越高，書店歷史、商品種類則和書店書籍銷售價格有負向關係，書店歷史越久、商品種類越多，則書籍銷售價格越便宜。再者，比較不同購買數量的書籍售價後發現消費者只要購買兩本書籍以上，網路書店比實體書店便宜，而若消費者只購買一本書籍，在網路書店購買會較吃虧。還有，在工商企管、健康旅遊及文學類三類書籍的價格比較下，書籍售價排序由低到高為文學類、健康旅遊類、工商企管類。接下來，從書籍與書店的關聯性來看，誠品網路書店的書籍銷售價格最高，華文網和搜主義的書籍最便宜。此外，本研究發現，實體書店所開設的網路分店書籍的售價都較實體書店高，而且純網路書店的書籍銷售價格顯著較實體書店的網路分店便宜。 最後，在策略群組分析法中發現19家書店可分為6個群組：節省開銷，專於本業型 (政大書城、上達書局、聯經出版社、今日書局、搜主義網路書店、三民網路書店及誠品網路書店)、圖書館結合百貨公司型 (誠品書店)、大規模經營型 (金石堂書店、新學友書局、博客來網路書店及新絲路網路書店)；第四群小百貨公司型 (建宏書局、三民書局、摩爾書店、金石堂網路書店及華文網路書店)；第五群致力服務型 (何嘉仁書店)；第六群國際級圖書館型 (紀伊國屋書店)。