Esta dissertação analisa os resultados e o papel da maturidade no gerenciamento de projetos em um ambiente corporativo por meio do estudo de três modelos de maturidade. Durante o processo de estudo, identificação e análise de cada modelo, será realizado um mapeamento de seus principais pontos fortes e fracos, bem como das oportunidades e ameaças identificadas pela aplicação de cada um desses modelos de maturidade. Para complementar, um estudo de caso real foi aplicado com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de maturidade no departamento de engenharia de novos projetos em uma grande empresa multinacional de manufatura eletrônica. Esta dissertação aborda ainda a contribuição positiva que as estruturas, ferramentas e técnicas de gerenciamento de projetos representam na conversão de projetos em sucesso e crescimento organizacional. Crescimento esse, sendo acompanhado e medido por meio do nível de maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos. Outro ponto também explorado está na importância do alinhamento das estruturas organizacionais com os objetivos corporativos da empresa, sustentado pelo planejamento estratégico de médio e longo prazo, mediante planos e estratégias organizacionais. / This dissertation analyzes the results and the maturity role in project management in a corporative environment through the study of three maturity models. During the study, identification and analysis process of each model, its strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats identified in the application of each one of these maturity models will be mapped. In addition, a real case study was applied aiming to evaluate maturity level in new products engineering department?s of a large electronic manufacturing company. This dissertation also addresses the positive contribution given by project management, on helping projects turning into success and organizational growth by means of its structures and supporting tools. With such growth being tracked and measured by the project management maturity level framework. Other aspect also analyzed, is the importance on aligning the organizational structures within the company\'s corporative goals, supported by the medium and long term strategical planning, using the organizational plans and strategies.

The Australian magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen) is a large, sedentary, omnivorous passerine. In some populations, individuals live in groups, and some of these groups breed cooperatively. The white-backed magpie (G. t. tyrannica) from the south-eastern corner of the continent, has had relatively little study, and few details are known of its mating system, social structure, and method of parental care. I conducted an observational study on a population of white-backed magpies, recording details of their demography, dispersal, breeding system, and parental care. In conjunction, I conducted a genetic analysis of the population, to determine if the genetic mating system matched the observed social system, to detect instances of extra-group mating, and to sex juvenile birds. Extra-pair paternity (EPP) is a common feature of the mating systems of many birds. The rate of EPP may vary between species, races and populations. I made a comparison of extra-group paternity (EGP) rates between two races of the Australian magpie, to determine if similar mating systems were being employed. The two populations had similar social structure, but differed in group size and dispersal. I predicted that dispersal differences would have a profound effect on the rate of EGP between the populations, as the population with the lower rate of dispersal and higher chance of breeding with a close relative would engage in EGPs more frequently. Eight microsatellite loci were used to determine parentage in the white-backed Australian magpie. The rate of EGP was found to be 44%. Dispersal rates were estimated from observational data. Over half of the juvenile magpie cohort from the previous breeding season leave the territorial group. These results contrast sharply with the results found by other researchers in a population of western Australian magpies (G t. dorsalis). In this population, 82% EGP is recorded and dispersal of juveniles is close to nil. The results indicate that dispersal rate is a potentially important predictor of rates of extra-group fertilisations between populations of this species, and suggest that females maximise their reproductive output by avoiding breeding with close kin. The reproductive success of a male bird is often correlated with measurable traits that predict his intrinsic quality. Females are thought to select mates based on their quality to gain their 'good genes'. Male Australian magpies of the white-backed race were trapped in two breeding seasons. Measurements were taken of morphometric and other characteristics in order to discover whether particular traits of males were associated with: a) number of fledglings produced in the territory per season; b) percentage of offspring sired in the territory; and c) whether females select males for their 'good genes'. The only variable that was correlated with number of territorial offspring was feather lice load. Males with high numbers of lice were less likely to produce territorial fledglings in one season and across both seasons. Males of inferior quality may be subject to increased conspecific territorial intrusions, leading to more time spent on defence, more failed breeding attempts, less time allocated to grooming and thus high parasite loads. Males that produced many territorial fledglings were more likely to gain genetic paternity of at least some of them, although again this was significant for only one season. Also, across both seasons, a high number of females in the group was correlated with increased paternity within the group. The general lack of correlation between the variables and level of genetic paternity may be due to females engaging in extra-group mating primarily to avoid breeding with a close relative rather than to choose a quality male. In this scenario, males would not have to be 'high quality', but merely genetically different to the female's social mate. Extra-group paternity (EGP) can affect paternal effort. It may also influence the helping effort of auxiliary birds in cooperatively breeding species. If helping is driven by kin selection, helpers should decline to provision unrelated young. Relatedness becomes difficult to assess however, when females mate outside the group. Alternative rewards may then become important in helper decisions. In my study population of Australian magpies, 38% of fledglings were sired by males outside the territorial group. In a second population (G. t. dorsalis), 82% of fledglings were sired by extra-group males. I observed within-group male and helper feeding effort over three breeding seasons in the first population and obtained data recorded over a single season in the second population. In both populations, males provisioned young regardless of relatedness, as did helpers. Males provisioned less than the nesting female on average. Paternal effort did not reduce with an increase in the rate of EGP between populations. In the population with intermediate levels of EGP, the white-backed magpies, I observed helpers in about half of the sampled territories that produced fledglings. Helpers did not increase the production of young. In the population with high levels of EGP, western magpies, I detected helping behaviour in proportionally more territories. It appears that Australian magpie helpers provide help in order to pay 'rent' and remain on the natal territory. I discuss these results in light of the differences between the two races of magpie and the major theories regarding male parenting decisions and helper activity. Finally, I examine the relatively high rates of EGP's in the Australian magpie from a phylogenetic perspective. Although inbreeding avoidance is strongly supported by this study as the major reason EGP is so common in magpie populations, there may be an element of phylogenetic inertia that maintains the frequency of this behavioural trait. I comment upon the use of single-population estimates of species EGP rates in comparative analyses, given the intraspecific variation discovered between Australian magpie populations. Future directions for the study of mate choice in the Australian magpie are outlined with a proposal to study variation at the major histocompatibility complex between mated pairs.

Au début des années 2000, le secteur électronique apparaissait encore comme un secteur d'avenir incorporant les nouvelles technologies les plus prometteuses. Pourtant, un constat semble s'imposer depuis : les entreprises japonaises, leaders du secteur depuis les années 1980, rencontrent de sérieuses difficultés pour réaliser un niveau de profit acceptable et perdent continuellement leurs parts de marché au profit de firmes provenant de pays émergents. Doit-on revoir le lien qui lie mutations technologiques et profit ? Doit-on repenser la relation entre le positionnement des leaders et la rentabilité ? Nous aborderons ces questions en nous appuyant notamment sur la mutation technologique que représente l'arrivée du numérique. Nous verrons que cette technologie a de nombreuses conséquences sur les structures du secteur EGP (du fait de la "modularité" de l‟architecture des produits, de la "convergence" des marchés et des fonctions et de la "reproductibilité" des innovations) et que cela transforme les enjeux concurrentiels de ce secteur. Parallèlement, nous aborderons le problème de la rentabilisation de l'innovation qui est au cœur des stratégies des firmes. Autour de cette question, nous réaliserons des études de cas de firmes représentatives (Sony, Panasonic, Samsung et Sharp) ; nous nous appuyons sur les stratégies différentes qui dépendent du positionnement des firmes (les leaders/suiveurs) et de la finalité des celles-ci (les innovateurs/imitateurs).

Esta dissertação analisa os resultados e o papel da maturidade no gerenciamento de projetos em um ambiente corporativo por meio do estudo de três modelos de maturidade. Durante o processo de estudo, identificação e análise de cada modelo, será realizado um mapeamento de seus principais pontos fortes e fracos, bem como das oportunidades e ameaças identificadas pela aplicação de cada um desses modelos de maturidade. Para complementar, um estudo de caso real foi aplicado com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de maturidade no departamento de engenharia de novos projetos em uma grande empresa multinacional de manufatura eletrônica. Esta dissertação aborda ainda a contribuição positiva que as estruturas, ferramentas e técnicas de gerenciamento de projetos representam na conversão de projetos em sucesso e crescimento organizacional. Crescimento esse, sendo acompanhado e medido por meio do nível de maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos. Outro ponto também explorado está na importância do alinhamento das estruturas organizacionais com os objetivos corporativos da empresa, sustentado pelo planejamento estratégico de médio e longo prazo, mediante planos e estratégias organizacionais. / This dissertation analyzes the results and the maturity role in project management in a corporative environment through the study of three maturity models. During the study, identification and analysis process of each model, its strengths and weaknesses, as well as the opportunities and threats identified in the application of each one of these maturity models will be mapped. In addition, a real case study was applied aiming to evaluate maturity level in new products engineering department?s of a large electronic manufacturing company. This dissertation also addresses the positive contribution given by project management, on helping projects turning into success and organizational growth by means of its structures and supporting tools. With such growth being tracked and measured by the project management maturity level framework. Other aspect also analyzed, is the importance on aligning the organizational structures within the company\'s corporative goals, supported by the medium and long term strategical planning, using the organizational plans and strategies.

Submitted by Leonardo Mangelli (leonardo.mangelli@gmail.com) on 2013-12-05T19:16:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - LEONARDO S.L. Passeri Mangelli - v10 - 14-11-2013.pdf: 2079193 bytes, checksum: d9e46ee3ee0b6eafc9b82a716ae12f77 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2013-12-10T11:38:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - LEONARDO S.L. Passeri Mangelli - v10 - 14-11-2013.pdf: 2079193 bytes, checksum: d9e46ee3ee0b6eafc9b82a716ae12f77 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-12-12T15:51:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - LEONARDO S.L. Passeri Mangelli - v10 - 14-11-2013.pdf: 2079193 bytes, checksum: d9e46ee3ee0b6eafc9b82a716ae12f77 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-12T15:52:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - LEONARDO S.L. Passeri Mangelli - v10 - 14-11-2013.pdf: 2079193 bytes, checksum: d9e46ee3ee0b6eafc9b82a716ae12f77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-14 / This thesis aims to report the results of a study to check the use of project management practices, based on the PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) Guide, in the day-to-day by project professionals in Brazilian organizations. The effective and efficient implementation of a project requires a composition of knowledge, skills, techniques and tools that are used and defined in many project management guides. This composition is what we call as project management. This study about the degree of use of the practices consisted in a quantitative field survey with the individuals working with project management in their companies. Thus we identified the characteristics of professional, of your organization, the use of practices, and metrics of success of the project. It is emphasized that this research study is limited to Brazilian audience. To achieve the study goals, is was developed as: descriptive analysis, where we seek to describe the reality of project management presented by professionals; explanatory, aiming at clarifying the degree of utilization of these practices in relation to the PMBOK Guide in organizations; and exploratory, as there was little knowledge accumulated and systematized in this area in Brazil . We also use the literature review to consolidate the study of theories relating to the area of project management based on guides , periodicals and journals , academic papers and books on the subject matter. Through the quantitative analysis we sought the compliance of the data collected to allow the logical analysis of information in the process of searching for answers about the evaluation of the PMBOK Guide’s project management principles use degree by project professional in the Brazilian market. The results showed different use degrees of practices according to the nine knowledge areas of the PMBOK Guide and intriguing revelations when analyzed under perspectives like an existence of a PMO (project management office) in the company, project success and among others revealing that the context where the professionals and their organizations can contribute for a significant changing in the use degrees analyzed. This study aims to serve as factor for prospecting of others studies in the area of project management, promoting Brazilian scientific publications. / Esta dissertação de mestrado tem por objetivo relatar o resultado de um estudo de verificação das práticas de gerenciamento de projetos, baseadas no Guia PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge), presentes no dia-a-dia pelos profissionais de projetos das organizações brasileiras. A execução eficaz, eficiente e efetiva de um projeto necessita de uma composição entre conhecimentos, habilidades, técnicas e ferramentas definidos em diversos guias de gestão de projetos. Essa composição é o que se denomina: gerenciamento de projetos. A fundamentação prática aqui apresentada baseou-se em uma pesquisa de campo quantitativa, que inquiriu sujeitos organizacionais atuantes em gestão de projetos em suas empresas. Assim, pôde-se verificar as características do profissional, de sua organização, do uso das práticas e das métricas de sucesso do projeto. Ressalte-se que este estudo limita-se ao Brasil, como ambiente em que atua o público-alvo de pesquisa. Para tanto, o estudo foi desenvolvido: de forma descritiva, a partir da realidade de gestão de projetos apresentada pelos profissionais; explicativa, tendo como objetivo central esclarecer qual o seu grau de utilização em relação ao Guia PMBOK, no contexto das organizações brasileiras; e exploratória, dado que existia pouco conhecimento acumulado e sistematizado a respeito deste tema, na área Brasil. A revisão bibliográfica, para consolidar o estudo das teorias referentes à área gestão de projetos, deu-se por meio de guias, periódicos e jornais especializados, trabalhos acadêmicos e livros sobre o tema em questão e demais textos virtuais. Da análise quantitativa, buscou-se a conformidade sobre os dados coletados a fim de se consolidar a consistência lógica das informações obtidas nas respostas sobre a avaliação do grau de uso do preceitos de gerenciamento de projetos do Guia PMBOK por parte dos profissionais de projetos, do mercado brasileiro. Os resultados demonstraram diferentes graus de uso das práticas relativas às nove áreas de conhecimento do Guia PMBOK. Pôde-se apurar, também, revelações intrigantes como a existência de um EGP (escritório de gestão de projetos) na empresa, como no contexto, no qual estão inseridos os profissionais e suas organizações, podem contribuir de modo significativo tanto na alteração dos graus de uso como no sucesso do projeto. Almeja-se que o presente estudo possa servir de elemento prospectivo para outras pesquisas na área de gerenciamento de projetos, fomentando a realização de trabalhos e publicações científicas, de âmbito brasileiro.

Le platine (Pt), le palladium (Pd) et le rhodium (Rh), font partie des Eléments du Groupe du Platine (EGP), utilisés dans les catalyseurs automobiles. En raison de leur émission dans l'environnement, ces éléments peuvent aujourd'hui être considérés comme des contaminants émergeants et traceurs de la contamination automobile. Cette étude porte sur la dispersion des EGP depuis leur source (monolithes et émission à l'échappement) jusqu'au champ proche (atmosphère, poussières de chaussées, eaux de ruissellement, sédiment,sol de bord de route). Leur mobilité à partir de monolithes a été étudiée en présence d'eau de ruissellement et de molécules organiques. Leur spéciation a été évaluée dans les poussières de chaussées et les sédiments. Les teneurs en EGP dans les monolithes étudiés montrent le remplacement de Pt par Pd dans les catalyseurs récents. L'abondance relative des EGP dans les échantillons environnementaux est Pd > Pt > Rh. Les expérimentations de mobilisation montrent que la mobilisation des EGP est plus significative au contact des molécules organiques, est dépendante du pH de la solution et augmente avec l'âge du monolithe. Rh est l'élément le plus mobilisable dans les monolithes. La spéciation montre que les EGP sont peu mobiles. Dans la part mobilisable, ils sont majoritairement liés à la fraction dite organique. / Platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) (platinum-group elements; PGEs),are used in automotive catalytic converters to remove harmful emissions from exhaust gas. Nevertheless, nowadays, the PGEs are emerging as new environmental emission contaminators due to their increasing use. The goal of this research is to study the distribution of PGEs from the source (i.e. automotive catalytic converters and exhaust gas) to the environmental samples (i.e. atmospheric particles, road dust,storm water, pond sediments, and road-side soil). The mobility of PGEs from the converters in contact with run off water and natural complexing agents were studied. Also, the speciation of PGEs was investigated in road dust and pond sediments. Comparison of PGE contents in different catalysts confirms the replacement of Pt by Pd in more recent converters. Besides, the relative abundance of PGEs in environmental samples shows higher concentration of Pd compared toPt and Rh (i.e. Pd>Pt>Rh). The results of testing PGEs mobilization in catalytic converters demonstrate more significant mobilization by organic molecules as compared to run off water. Our results also show the dependency of PGEs mobilization on pH and on catalyst age. Among the PGEs, Rh was the most mobilized element in catalytic converters. More importantly, the speciation test shows that while PGEs are low mobile elements, in the mobilizable fraction, PGEs are in the organic fraction.

Submitted by Stefenson Marcus Pinto Scafutto Scafutto (stefensonscafutto@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-09-23T16:37:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 STEFENSON_SCAFUTTO_DISSERTACAO_APRESENTADA_EBAPE_OBTENCAO_GRAU_MESTRE .pdf: 1125868 bytes, checksum: 59152f790654bfa7e7909fba1d92414c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2014-09-26T12:57:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 STEFENSON_SCAFUTTO_DISSERTACAO_APRESENTADA_EBAPE_OBTENCAO_GRAU_MESTRE .pdf: 1125868 bytes, checksum: 59152f790654bfa7e7909fba1d92414c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2014-10-01T11:55:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 STEFENSON_SCAFUTTO_DISSERTACAO_APRESENTADA_EBAPE_OBTENCAO_GRAU_MESTRE .pdf: 1125868 bytes, checksum: 59152f790654bfa7e7909fba1d92414c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T11:55:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 STEFENSON_SCAFUTTO_DISSERTACAO_APRESENTADA_EBAPE_OBTENCAO_GRAU_MESTRE .pdf: 1125868 bytes, checksum: 59152f790654bfa7e7909fba1d92414c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / In this research, to investigate the positive and negative effects perceived by project managers, members of the management offices and project sponsors after implantation of PMO of the Federal Police in Brazil. Argues that the implementation of EGP has been shown to be a critical success factor for public organizations because projects are structural changes aimed at organizational innovations. The research project employed qualitative methods in four study cases (Headquarters of the Federal Police in Brazil, Federal Police of Rio de Janeiro, Federal Police of São Paulo, Federal Police of Minas Gerais) using semi-structured interviews with the PMOs managers, sponsors and project managers. The foundings showed the positive and negative impacts, the difficulties as challenges of the PMO, as well as the traditional and basic services like the methodology development, trainning and reports distribuition to the high administration. / Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar os efeitos positivos e negativos percebidos pelos gerentes de projetos, membros dos escritórios de gerenciamento de projetos e patrocinadores após implantação do EGP na Polícia Federal do Brasil. Argumenta que a implantação de EGP tem se evidenciado como um fator crítico para o sucesso para as organizações públicas, pois os projetos são mudanças estruturantes que visam inovações organizacionais. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa onde foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os membros dos EGP’s, gerentes de projetos e patrocinadores dos EGP´s do Órgão central da Polícia Federal e das Superintendências da Polícia Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Minas Gerais, totalizando quatros estudos de caso. Os resultados indicam o tipo de influência que o EGP exerce na organização. As descobertas apontam os impactos positivos, negativos, dificuldades e desafios dos EGP´s, além dos serviços básicos e tradicionais executados pelos EGP´s como desenvolvimento de metodologias, capacitação e treinamento e distribuição de relatórios para alta administração.

Submitted by Marcus Vinicius de Miranda da Silva (adm.miranda@icloud.com) on 2015-01-07T02:54:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_VersaoFinal.pdf: 1717914 bytes, checksum: 437e9b26e1fd6496cb04fc226703a981 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-01-08T11:50:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_VersaoFinal.pdf: 1717914 bytes, checksum: 437e9b26e1fd6496cb04fc226703a981 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-01-16T17:22:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_VersaoFinal.pdf: 1717914 bytes, checksum: 437e9b26e1fd6496cb04fc226703a981 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-16T17:23:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_VersaoFinal.pdf: 1717914 bytes, checksum: 437e9b26e1fd6496cb04fc226703a981 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-27 / Os Escritórios de Gerenciamento de Projetos (EGPs) têm um papel cada vez mais relevante nas organizações, contribuindo para o sucesso dos projetos, no interesse dos objetivos organizacionais. A atuação dos EGPs, entrementes, transcorre repleta de percalços e desafios, que ocorrem desde a sua implantação nas organizações, percorrendo todo o seu ciclo de vida. Nas organizações públicas, alguns projetos apresentam uma complexa rede relacional, que afeta um grande número de stakeholders, em razão de sua exposição ao escrutínio público, tornando bastante difícil a coordenação e gestão de todos esses atores, o que pode afetar o sucesso dos projetos. Dessa forma, este estudo se propõe a responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais os principais desafios da implantação e maturação de escritórios de projetos em organizações do governo brasileiro? Para esse fim, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, com estudos de casos múltiplos, aplicada a dez representantes de oito organizações do governo brasileiro, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A partir dos resultados encontrados na pesquisa, foram identificados os códigos Burocracia, Capacitação, Comunicação, Cultura da Organização, Dedicação Parcial aos Projetos, Estrutura da Organização, Ferramentas de Gerenciamento de Projetos, Legislação e Política, que representam os principais desafios enfrentados pelos escritórios de gerenciamento de projetos estudados. O entendimento da dinâmica relacional desses códigos contribuiu para uma melhor compreensão dos EGPs das organizações do setor público brasileiro e seus desafios.