<p>The purpose of this essay has been to examine the public`s view of the Swedish eldercare during 2006. This study uses discourse analysis as a research method, the reference material has been articles from the newspaper Dagens Nyheter. The aim of the research has been to find central themes, conflicts and consensus in the discourse of eldercare. The analysis resulted in four main subjects which were based on four main questions; the questions of responsibility and execution, the question of contents, and the question of where the eldercare should take place. The analysis of conflicts and relations of consensus in the discourse of eldercare resulted in two different main views; the traditional and a more modern. The traditional view of eldercare includes terms like caring, safety and dignity. The modern, on the other hand, uses terms like consumption, quality and freedom of choice. It was found in the analysis that the modern view appeared to be more prominent than the traditional view in the discourse.</p>

The purpose of this essay has been to examine the public`s view of the Swedish eldercare during 2006. This study uses discourse analysis as a research method, the reference material has been articles from the newspaper Dagens Nyheter. The aim of the research has been to find central themes, conflicts and consensus in the discourse of eldercare. The analysis resulted in four main subjects which were based on four main questions; the questions of responsibility and execution, the question of contents, and the question of where the eldercare should take place. The analysis of conflicts and relations of consensus in the discourse of eldercare resulted in two different main views; the traditional and a more modern. The traditional view of eldercare includes terms like caring, safety and dignity. The modern, on the other hand, uses terms like consumption, quality and freedom of choice. It was found in the analysis that the modern view appeared to be more prominent than the traditional view in the discourse.

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The purpose with this study is to examine and analyze the eldercare staffs conceptions and perceptions about the construction of ethnicity and aging, in Swedish eldercare, to illustrate the process of othering. The authors interviewed eight people who work in the eldercare by using a vignette. We have analyzed our result from the interviews through several theories and earlier research pertinent to the subject. The study has shown that eldercare staff through their conceptions and perceptions unconscious been conducive to make and recompose constructions of ethnicity and elder. The constructions of ethnicity and elder can be conductive to processes of othering.

This thesis analyses the categorisation of adult persons who need help to cope in everyday life as either older persons or persons with a disability. Despite the development of social services in the Scandinavian countries being guided by the principles of universalism and equality, adults in need of care have different rights to support depending on their current age and at which age disability occurs. This thesis aims to explore how age-based differences in access to care, support and service are legitimised. In the thesis, the concept of help is used to refer to care, support and service. Using a discourse analytic approach, Swedish elderly and disability policies and websites through which providers of help market their services were examined. The analysis, inspired by the theoretical framework of governmentality, draws attention to how users of help and helpers are constituted in two age-related discourses on help. The first discourse, help to maintain, is used mainly in relation to older persons. In this discourse older persons are constituted as subjects in need of safety, comfort and company while the helpers are represented as caring and knowing. The second discourse, help to change, constitutes younger persons with a disability as citizens in becoming. Help aims to improve the situation for younger help users in varying ways: the opportunity to fully determine the tasks performed by helpers is essential to users of personal assistance whereas personal development as regards both practical and social skills is the key to change for persons with an intellectual or mental disability. While help for younger persons is represented as a means to enhance the individual’s self-determination and ability to participate in society, help for older persons is represented as aiming to maintain past patterns of life, not aspiring towards change or improvement. It is argued that these representations support a lower ambition for eldercare than for disability services.

Välfärd, vård och omsorg var under en lång tid närmast synonymt med Sveriges nationalstatliga universella välfärdsmonopol fram tills slutet av 1980-talet. Välfärdsmonopol ersattes med välfärdspluralism och valfrihet. Genom konkurrens skulle utförare av socialtjänst bli effektiva och kvaliteten skulle öka. Men vad är kvalitet inom vård, omsorg och socialtjänst?   I två olika delstudier har äldreomsorg inom Stockholms stads valfrihetssystem system studerats. De två olika studierna bidrar tillsammans till att problematisera kvalitetsbegreppet utifrån institutionell organisations- och kvasimarknadsteori. Samtidigt ger studien en bild av hur olika regiform kan påverka den uppfattade kvaliteten. / For the majority of the 2000th century welfare and social services in Sweden were almost synonymous with the universalistic welfare-solutions provided by the nation state.  In the late 1980th and the early 1990th a dramatic change occurred through extensive market reforms the monopolistic welfare-solutions were challenged in favor for a pluralistic welfare market. A competitive welfare-market would increase efficiency and quality of services. But what is quality in welfare and social services? Through a two-part study, using in city of Stockholm as a case and institutional organizational theory and theories on quasi-markets this study has investigated and problematized quality in city of Stockholm’s special housing for the elderly voucher system.

När personer med missbruksproblematik utsätter sig för allvarlig fara kan tvångsvård enligt LVM övervägas. När personer med en demenssjukdom riskerar att allvarligt skada sin hälsa står socialtjänsten utan befogenheter om den enskilde motsäger sig hjälp. Anhöriga förväntas istället ta ett stort ansvar. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur anhöriga till personer med demenssjukdom upplever och ställer sig till de insatser, det handlingsutrymme och lagstöd som finns, alternativt inte finns, inom demensomsorgen. Studien har visat, med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer med sex stycken anhöriga, att det förekommer handlingar av tvångskaraktär utan lagstöd inom handläggningen och utförandet av äldreomsorgen. Anhöriga är mestadels emot en tvångslag, dock framkommer det att värdighet, säkerhet och trygghet är faktorer som gör att man överväger och stundtals kan vara för ett införande av lagstöd för tvång. Trots om ett behov av tvång ansågs finnas, så var den moraliska grundinställningen att värna om självbestämmanderätten, samt att en lagstiftning troligen skulle vara problematisk i sitt framställande. Istället framkom det alternativa lösningar som ökad utbildning hos personal, olika juridiska lösningar, samt utveckling av äldreomsorgen och personalens bemötande. Studien visar dessutom att anhöriga upplever en stor påfrestning mentalt som yttrar sig som exempelvis dåligt samvete. / When people with substance abuse problems expose themselves to severe danger, coercive care can be considered, by law. When people with dementia put their health at serious risk the social services are without authority to act. Relatives are instead expected to take great responsibility. The aim of this study was to examine how relatives of people with dementia experience the care services, the scope for action and legislative support that does or doesn’t exists in dementia care. The study shows, through qualitative interviews with six relatives, that there are acts of coercive nature without legal basis in the case management and execution of eldercare. Overall, relatives are against a coercive law. There are, however, factors that can increase the acceptance of introducing a legal basis for coercion, such as dignity and safety. Even if a need for coercion was considered, the basic moral attitude was to protect the right to self-determination, and that the legislation would probably be problematic. Alternative solutions emerged, such as further education for caregivers as well as continuous development of eldercare and the treatment from caregivers. The study also shows that relatives experience a great deal of mental strain which can manifests itself such as bad conscience.

Termen resiliens definieras som förmågan att mentalt eller känslomässigt hantera och återhämta sig efter stressfyllda situationer. Tidigare forskning inom området tyder på att det finns en korrelation mellan särskilda personlighetsdrag i femfaktorteorin och den individuella graden av resiliens. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka detta samband hos chefer inom äldreomsorgen, ett yrke som omfattar en tung arbetsbelastning inom en redan stressfylld sektor i arbetslivet. I studien undersöktes även relationen mellan tiden som chef inom äldreomsorgen och den individuella graden av resiliens. En enkätstudie utfördes med deltagare som besitter chefsroller inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen (n=58, Målder=48,77, SD=9,54). Data analyserades med två multipla regressionsanalyser, och korrelationen mellan faktorerna analyserades med Pearsons korrelationskoefficient. Efter Bonferroni-korrigering var de enda signifikanta faktorerna samvetsgrannhet och neuroticism. Resultatet av studien påvisar att samvetsgrannhet har en signifikant positiv korrelation och neuroticism har en signifikant negativ korrelation med resiliens. Angående sambandet mellan tiden som chef inom äldreomsorgen och resiliens, så påvisar undersökningen att det inte fanns någon signifikant korrelation. De starkaste personlighetsdragen för att predicera en hög grad av individuell resiliens hos chefer inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen var samvetsgrannhet och neuroticism. Antalet år som chef inom äldreomsorgen och dess påverkan på resiliens överensstämde inte med tidigare studier, där antalet år som chef borde ha ökat den individuella graden av resiliens. Kunskapen om personlighet och erfarenhets samband med resiliens kan potentiellt bidra till att öka resiliens inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen. / The term resilience is defined as the ability to mentally and emotionally cope from stressful events. Research has shown that there is a correlation between some of the personality traits in the five-factor model, and the individual level of resilience. The purpose of this study was to examine this relationship in nursing management, an occupation which involves heavy workloads in an already stressful sector. This study also examined the relationship between time spent as an eldercare manager and the individual level of resilience. A survey was conducted with participants who are in managerial positions in the municipal eldercare (n=58, Mage=48,77, SD=9,54). The data were analyzed using two multiple regressionanalyses, and the correlation between the factors was analyzed with the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient. After Bonferroni-correction the only significant factors were conscientiousness and neuroticism. The result corresponds with current research, which proposes that conscientiousness has a significant positive correlation, and neuroticism has a significant negative correlation with resilience. Regarding the relationship between time spent as an eldercare manager and resilience, the results showed that there was no significant correlation. The traits conscientiousness and neuroticism were the strongest to predict a higher level of individual resilience amongst municipal eldercare managers. Time spent as an eldercare manager and its impact on resilience did not correspond with previous studies, were time spent as an eldercare manager should raise the individual level of resilience. Knowledge of the relationship between personality, experience and resilience might contribute to increased resilience in municipal eldercare.

In the wake of the New Public Management (NPM) era, the Act on System of Choice (LOV) was introduced in 2009. While implementation was voluntary, over 152 of the 290 municipalities had implemented LOV by 2022. The new act promised improvements in which care quality, user empowerment, and cost-efficiency were almost ensured.  However, despite its large implementation, little research has focused on evaluating the policy's outcome and the extent to which LOV fulfilled its three main objectives. In addressing this knowledge gap, this study positions LOV into the theory of choice and public administration, presenting a revisited mechanism. The study then sets out to understand whether LOV has increased care quality, user empowerment, and cost through regression analysis and interaction effects. Results from the study point towards the inability of LOV to fully deliver on its promises when the elderly population in a municipality is high.

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