Durch die enge Verknüpfung von Konstruktion, Berechnung und Versuch in Verbindung mit einem mathematischen Ersatzmodell ist es möglich den optimalen Einlasskanal für einen bestimmten Zylinderkopf zu entwerfen.

Gerenderte Animation von kinematisch gekoppelten Komponenten mit Pro/ENGINEER bzw. Creo zur Produktpräsentation oder auch Montageanleitung

La diffusion des techniques et du savoir-faire est un thème fort en matière d’hydraulique somptuaire. Les recherches menées sur la communauté des fontainiers français au service du roi d’Espagne Philippe V permettent d’approfondir cette problématique. Installés sur le domaine royal de La Granja de San Ildefonso dans la Sierra de Guadarrama près de Ségovie, les fontainiers mettent en œuvre les innovations techniques déjà appliquées sur le chantier de Versailles. Cette étude de cas ouvre la réflexion, d'une part, sur les transferts techniques et la circulation des savoirs entre France et Espagne à l'époque moderne, à une période où des liens étroits se sont tissés entre la cour madrilène et la cour versaillaise, et d'autre part, sur la place de l'Espagne comme centre d'innovation technologique.Les jardins et leurs fontaines deviennent objet de démonstration du pouvoir, expression de la domination politique et de la puissance royale. La symbolique de faste associée aux effets d'eau des fontaines de La Granja de San Ildefonso nécessite l'installation d'un nouveau réseau de techniciens spécialisés. Le roi d'Espagne fait alors appel à des fontainiers issus de Sceaux, Versailles, Trianon, Marly et Chantilly. Ces experts hydrauliciens participent pleinement au succès de l'opération, aux côtés des jardiniers, sculpteurs et architectes, prenant part à la conception des systèmes d’alimentation en eau des jardins et à l'entretien de ces infrastructures au quotidien.Tout au long du XVIIIe siècle, les innovations techniques mises en œuvre sur les jardins royaux français, transmises par l'intermédiaire de cette communauté de fontainiers expatriés, vont s'agréger à la tradition locale hydraulique espagnole, déjà le fruit de plusieurs transferts technologiques. Les jardins de San Ildefonso doivent être replacés dans une perspective à dimension européenne de diffusion des savoir-faire du personnel technique royal français. / The study about the community of French hydraulic engineers in Spain in the service of King Philip V is to question the history of technology focusing on royal palaces hydraulics and the circulation of knowledge. The arrival of the French hydraulic engineers in La Granja de San Ildefonso changed the hydraulic technologies in Spain. From this perspective, hydraulics is an expression of political domination. This case study allows to investigate technological innovations and their transfers between France and Spain during modern times, a period when the links between both the Madrid and the Versailles courts were very close.A new network of specialized technicians was necessary to give full dimension to the political domination which was perfectly conveyed by the fountains of La Granja de San Ildefonso with their highly symbolic and breath-taking water effects. That is why the King of Spain hired hydraulic engineers from Sceaux, Versailles, Trianon, Marly and Chantilly. It was thanks to these experts who designed water supply systems and daily routines to take care of the installations, by the side of gardeners, sculptors and architects, that the project ended up being a great success.During the whole 18th century, technical innovations were implemented in the French royal gardens, taught through this community of expatriated hydraulic engineers and enriched the local hydraulic Spanish tradition which was already the result of various technological transfers. The San Ildefonso gardens must be placed on a European perspective regarding the expertise of the French royal technical workforce.

This qualitative phenomenological study explored the development of women with an engineering background who became leaders. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of female engineering leaders in the New York utility sector. The research problem was why few women with engineering degrees obtain leadership positions. Women comprise half the total working population, yet few hold leadership positions, especially in the utility sector. In this study, 28 women in the New York utility sector shared experiences on their progression from engineer to leadership. The conceptual framework was the Moustakas phenomenological approach, investigating the humanistic properties of female leaders with backgrounds in engineering and Bandura's social cognitive theory on the role of self-efficacy for women. Through the phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews captured the challenges and successes each woman has faced and identified themes that emerged from those experiences. The modified van Kaam method of phenomenology was used for data analysis to capture the experiences and perceptions of female engineers in leadership positions. Key findings from this study indicated how working in teams helped build the self-efficacy of women during their undergraduate studies and fostered effective teamwork in their work environment. Work-life balance encouraged female engineering leaders to go further in their career because it allowed them stability and the ability to advance. Through this study, positive social change may occur for women seeking to pursue engineering degrees who are striving for leadership roles in traditionally male fields.

This thesis deals with design and static assessment of steel structures buildings for storage purposes. The work contains a static calculation performed by software Scia Engineer, manual examination of selected bars and drawings proposed design solution.

ABSTRACT This study brings into critical focus the relationship between the National Arts Council of Zimbabwe (NACZ) as an aspect of the government’s cultural policy and theatre in Harare. It demonstrates that the birth and well being of the NACZ has been shaped by global and African perspective of arts councils as well as politics in form of colonisation and decolonisation processes. It argues that the NACZ played an influential role in the development of theatre before 1995, mostly through administering legislation that facilitated, provided a framework and regulations that created the surrounding in which theatre operated as well as providing minimal funding. It has also been effective in facilitating the movement of local and international theatre artists into and out of Zimbabwe during the period under study (1985 to present date). Generally this promoted the development of community theatre. However it maintains that its role was negatively affected by the restructuring process it underwent in 1995, and worsened by the changing economic and political conditions after 2000. Due to those circumstances it has not been able to regularly disburse enough funding yet that is the biggest area of deficiency in the sector. Instead it is the donor community that has shouldered this aspect mostly, in some cases with the assistance of the NACZ, which in turn has promoted largely, the development of political and theatre for communication. Theatre artists are continuously aligning themselves to the expectations of the donor community.

Uncertainty and complexity are two factors that make project planning a challenging task. Companies operating in a multiple project Engineer-to-Order environment face an additional dimension of difficulties because of interactions between projects. The changing environment and frequency of unforeseen events increases the difficulty of planning and re-planning and requires flexibility. This study explores how project planning is conducted and what the associated challenges are in a multiple project ETO context. To that end, a case study of a company operating in such a context was investigated using a qualitative approach. In so doing, we shed light on the challenges and provide some insight to mitigate the challenges. The findings suggest that there are challenges related to resource allocation, prioritization, communication and progress updates, and keeping the plan up to date and valid. Practically, the main takeaways are that synergies may be found when leveraging workflow reliability and flexibility as it comes down to deciding when the respective approach is suitable to mitigate the challenges found in the study. In addition, we suggest that prioritization should be integrated into the planning processes to create a better consensus within and among projects. Lastly, we also suggest an additional precondition for releasing work to production.

This thesis aims to solicit and elicit the view of experienced system safety analysts in the applicability and use of STPA, a hazard analysis derived from the STAMP-framework. The increase in complexity in systems elevates the chance of hazards and risks being obfuscated. Thus, the intention is to expand, deepen and theorize about the STPA-methodology in relation to the role of system safety analysts in Sweden. The results show that the greatest use of STPA might lie in integrating the desired procedural steps with the hazard analysis techniques used today. This is due to individual capabilities, guidance in identification and evaluation of risks, as well as the reductionistic perspective that prevails in society today. Unlike STPA’s claim for completeness, the impression of the system analysts is that absolute safety can never be guaranteed.

Den här uppsatsen är en kvalitativ studie som undersöker vilka faktorer som är hindrande respektive drivande hos personer som väljer ett yrke som går mot könsstereotypen. I studien intervjuas 2 män som valt att utbilda sig till socionomer och 4 kvinnor som valt att utbilda sig till ingenjörer. Dessa yrken har valts eftersom det finns en tydlig dominans av ett kön inom dessa yrken. Intervjuerna har varit semistrukturerade och har analyserats tematiskt. De teman som har framkommit är sammanhang, karriär, arbetsmiljö, meningsfullt, hinder och själv förmåga. Gemensamma drivande faktorer för båda yrkesgrupperna är ett stort eget intresse och ett stöd från omgivningen. Hindrade faktorer är att könsstereotypen inte stämmer överens för de attityder som förknippas med yrket samt att omgivningen kan uttrycka oförståelse inför yrkesvalet. Studien visar att förutsättningarna för kvinnor inom ingenjörsyrket har ändrats mer än för männen inom socionomyrket gällande könsfördelning och attityder på arbetsmarknaden. / This essay is a qualitative study that examines the factors that are hindering and driving in people who choose a profession that goes against the gender stereotype. In the study, 2 men who have chosen to train as social workers and 4 women who have chosen to train as engineers are interviewed. These professions have been chosen because there is a clear dominance of one gender in these professions. The interviews have been semi-structured, and the interviews have been analyzed thematically. The themes that have emerged are context, career, work environment, meaningful, obstacles and self-efficacy. Common driving factors for both professions are a great deal of self-interest and support from the environment. Hindered factors are that the gender stereotype does not match the attitudes associated with the profession and that the environment may express incomprehension before the choice of profession.  The study shows that the conditions for women in the engineering profession have changed more than for men in the social work profession regarding gender distribution and attitudes in the labor market.

The following paper will explore the future of sustainable building practices as it relates to building design rating systems and whether building design rating systems are effective in conserving energy and resources in the construction of new buildings. This paper will begin by highlighting some of the general principles behind sustainable design practices, and the challenges of determining if building design rating systems are utilized effectively towards the goal of sustainability. In addition, the paper will highlight issues specific to ongoing litigation in Gifford v. U.S. Green Building Council and allegations made within the lawsuit that question the methodology and efficacy of building design rating systems. How political and ideological influences have propelled sustainability practices into the mainstream, and to what extent government is and should be involved in regulating building design rating systems will also be explored. Lastly, how will new energy performance and sustainable design methodologies, which are now being required in the law, affect the professional liability of building design professionals in the future?