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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
241

Datenbanksysteme 1

Rahm, Erhard 01 November 2018 (has links)
No description available.
242

Rôle de Klotho dans la chimiosensibilisation des liposarcomes dédifférenciés : étude des voies de signalisation impliquées / Deciphering the signaling pathways involved in Klotho-mediated chemosensitization of dedifferentiated liposarcomas

Delcroix, Vanessa 08 December 2017 (has links)
La protéine Klotho (KL) possède des propriétés anti-vieillissement et anti-cancer. Les données cliniques montrent que l’expression de KL est associée à une meilleure survie des patients atteints de liposarcome. De plus, elle est réduite par rapport au tissu sain dans les liposarcomes dédifférenciés (DDLPS), un type de tumeur maligne rare mais de mauvais pronostic. Nos résultats montrent que KL sensibilise les DDLPS aux chimiothérapies (gemcitabine, navitoclax). L’abondance de KL dans les tumeurs pourrait donc servir de biomarqueur pour prédire l’efficacité des chimiothérapies et mettre en place une médecine plus personnalisée. De plus, des médicaments utilisés pour d’autres pathologies et connus pour stimuler l’expression de KL (Cozaar) pourraient être testés en association avec la chimiothérapie. Enfin, inspirés par le mode d’action de KL, nous avons testé la combinaison de la gemcitabine avec le navitoclax, qui s’est révélée très efficace sur les DDLPS. / Klotho (KL) is both an anti-ageing and anti-cancer protein. Analysis of clinical data highlights that high expression of KL is associated with a better overall survival of liposarcoma patients. Moreover, its expression in downregulated in dedifferentiated liposarcomas (DDLPS), a rare type of tumor associated with a poor prognosis due to high chemoresistance. Our results show that KL sensitizes DDLPS cells to chemotherapeutic agents (gemcitabine, navitoclax). So, abundance of KL in tumoral tissues could serve as a biomarker for predicting gemcitabine efficacy and so, could help for establishing personalized therapy. Moreover, drugs increasing KL expression could be tested in combination with chemotherapy. Based on KL mechanism of action, we also highlight that the combination between gemcitabine and navitoclax is very effective for killing DDLPS cells.
243

Mondbiologie

Jansen van Rensburg, B.G January 1980 (has links)
Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / Mondbiologie as onafhanklike vak in die Republiek van Suid-Afrika het die eerste babatreë geneem op 'n senaatsvergadering van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch op 26 Maart 1971 toe die instelling van 'n Departement Mondbiologie goedgekeur is. Die skrywer is op 1 Januarie 1972 aangestel as hoof van die nuutgestigte departement in die Fakulteit Tandheelkunde aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Die ontwikkeling van die vak, veral aan Afrikaanse universiteite, is in die verlede geknel deur die afwesigheid van Afrikaanse handboeke en, in steeds groeiende mate, deur die styging van die pryse van boeke. 'n Verdere remmende faktor is dat geen enkele bestaande handboek 'n oorsig gee van die meeste aspekte van mondbiologie nie. Die motivering vir die opstel van hierdie boeke (Deel I en Deel II) lê daarin dat dit wenslik is dat 'n Afrikaanstalige handleiding in die vak bestaan. Hierdie boeke het hulontstaan gehad in lesingsaantekeninge wat die skrywer oor baie jare saamgestel en probeer verbeter het. In die opstel hiervan is gepoog om materiaal uit verskillende bronne te versamel. Die leser sal gou agterkom dat geen spesifieke verwysings in die hoofinhoud aangegee word nie, maar wel algemene verwysings aan die einde van elke hoofstuk. Ook aan die einde van elke hoofstuk is 'n lys vrae •. Daar word van studente verwag om die vrae uit te werk, hoofsaaklik met behulp van hierdie handleiding en, indien nodig, met verwysing na bronne wat genoem word en in die tandheelkundebiblioteek beskikbaar is. Die inhoud van Boek I dien as inleiding tot mondbiologie en handel hoof= saaklik oor algemene aspekte van embriologie, fisiologie, makro- en mikroanatomie van die mond, sy inhoud en die sisteme wat daarmee verband hou. Die skrywer voel dat hierdie kennis 'n voorvereiste is vir 'n meer toe= gepaste studie van 'n tand en sy omgewing soos weergegee in Boek II. Soos in alle pionierspogings kom daar waarskynlik foute in hierdie werk voor. Die skrywer spreek by voorbaat sy spyt hieroor uit en wil dit graag onder die aandag van die leser bring dat die onderwerpe geselekteer is om so 'n wye veld soos moontlik te dek met inagneming van die beperkte kursusduur. Mnr. P.F. de Klerk, Senior Onderwyser in Afrikaans aan die Hoërskool D.F. Malan te Bellville, was verantwoordelik vir die taalversorging. Hier=voor is die skrywer opregte dank aan hom verskuldig. Vir haar toegewyde andag aan die tikwerk verbonde aan hierdie boeke wil ek baie graag my innige dank aan mev. C.F. du Toit bring. Mnr. A. Louw, Grafiese Kunste=naar, het die titelbladsye ontwerp. Hiervoor bedank ek hom.
244

Identification of a Detoxification Requirement During De Novo Sphingolipid Biosynthesis in Cancer Cells

Spears, Meghan E. 25 May 2022 (has links)
Sphingolipids are a class of lipid molecules that function both as structural membrane components and as bioactive signaling molecules. Sphingolipids can be produced de novo or salvaged and recycled. Despite the established roles of sphingolipids such as sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramides in regulating signaling involved in pro- and anti-tumorigenic cellular processes, the role of the de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway in cancer is unclear. The main objective of this thesis study was to determine whether there is an essential role for this pathway in cancer and whether its disruption can be a cancer-specific metabolic vulnerability. Here, we find that de novo sphingolipid synthesis through the rate-limiting enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) is not required in cancer cells due to their salvage capacity. However, upregulation of SPT in cancer cells creates a requirement to detoxify its product, 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (3KDS), via the downstream enzyme 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase (KDSR). We demonstrate that KDSR is essential in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo to restrain the levels of its substrate 3KDS, the accumulation of which can disrupt ER structure and function, resulting in proteotoxic stress and cell death. Our findings also reveal that KDSR is essential specifically in cancer cells and not normal cells and that upregulation of SPT in cancer may act as a biomarker for sensitivity to targeting KDSR. Altogether, this thesis study provides new insights into the role of KDSR in the de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway in both cancer and ER homeostasis and demonstrates the potential to exploit this for therapeutic purposes in a cancer-specific manner.
245

Modelling the emerging pollutant di-clofenac with the GREAT-ER model: application to the Llobregat River Basin.

Aldekoa, Joana January 2013 (has links)
Water from the Llobregat is used to supply a significant part of the city of Barcelona. At the same time, 60 wastewater treatment plants discharge into this basin. Two field campaigns conducted in the Llobregat Catchment detected more than 80 pharmaceu-ticals in the water. Therefore, it is clear that water quality in Llobregat is a potential concern. A GIS hydrology water quality model has been applied in order to predict the concentrations of one of the pharmaceuticals, diclofenac, in the catchment. Con-sumption, excretion, and degradation data has been studied to calibrate the model. This exercise proves that it is relatively straightforward to predict the concentrations of new and emerging contaminants at basin scale. Nonetheless, the limited and inac-curate available data was a relevant obstacle in this modelling process.
246

β-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Adult Cardiac Myocytes: Role in Apoptosis

Dalal, Suman, Foster, Cerrone R., Das, Bhudev C., Singh, Mahipal, Singh, Krishna 01 May 2012 (has links)
Accumulation of misfolded proteins and alterations in calcium homeostasis induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to apoptosis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that β-AR stimulation induces ER stress, and induction of ER stress plays a pro-apoptotic role in cardiac myocytes. Using thapsigargin and brefeldin A, we demonstrate that ER stress induces apoptosis in adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs). β-AR-stimulation (isoproterenol; 3h) significantly increased expression of ER stress proteins, such as GRP-78, Gadd-153, and Gadd-34, while activating caspase-12 in ARVMs. In most parts, these effects were mimicked by thapsigargin. β-AR stimulation for 15 min increased PERK and eIF-2α phosphorylation. PERK phosphorylation remained higher, while eIF-2α phosphorylation declined thereafter, reaching to ∼50% below basal levels at 3 h after β-AR stimulation. This decline in eIF-2a phosphorylation was prevented by β1-AR, not by β2-AR antagonist. Forskolin, adenylyl cyclase activator, simulated the effects of ISO on eIF-2α phosphorylation. Salubrinal (SAL), an ER stress inhibitor, maintained eIF-2α phosphorylation and inhibited β-ARstimulated apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of caspase-12 using z-ATAD inhibited β-AR-stimulated and thapsigargininduced apoptosis. In vivo, β-AR stimulation induced ER stress in the mouse heart as evidenced by increased expression of GRP-78 and Gadd-153, activation of caspase-12, and dephosphorylation of eIF-2α. SAL maintained phosphorylation of eIF-2α, inhibited activation of caspase-12, and decreased β-AR-stimulated apoptosis in the heart. Thus, β-AR stimulation induces ER stress in cardiac myocytes and in the heart, and induction of ER stress plays a pro-apoptotic role.
247

Osteopontin Stimulates Apoptosis in Adult Cardiac Myocytes via the Involvement of CD44 Receptors, Mitochondrial Death Pathway, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Dalal, Suman, Zha, Qinqin, Daniels, Christopher R., Steagall, Rebecca J., Joyner, William L., Gadeau, Alain Pierre, Singh, Mahipal, Singh, Krishna 15 April 2014 (has links)
Increased osteopontin (OPN) expression associates with increased myocyte apoptosis and myocardial dysfunction. The objective of this study was to identify the receptor for OPN and get insight into the mechanism by which OPN induces cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Adult rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs) and transgenic mice expressing OPN in a myocyte-specific manner were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Treatment with purified OPN (20 nM) protein or adenoviral-mediated OPN expression induced apoptosis in ARVMs. OPN co-immunoprecipitated with CD44 receptors, not with β1 or β3 integrins. Proximity ligation assay confirmed interaction of OPN with CD44 receptors. Neutralizing anti-CD44 antibodies inhibited OPN-stimulated apoptosis. OPN activated JNKs and increased expression of Bax and levels of cytosolic cytochrome c, suggesting involvement of mitochondrial death pathway. OPN increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as evidenced by increased expression of Gadd153 and activation of caspase-12. Inhibition of JNKs using SP600125 or ER stress using salubrinal or caspase-12 inhibitor significantly reduced OPN-stimulated apoptosis. Expression of OPN in adult mouse heart in myocyte-specific manner associated with decreased left ventricular function and increased myocyte apoptosis. In the heart, OPN expression increased JNKs and caspase-12 activities, and expression of Bax and Gadd153. Thus, OPN, acting via CD44 receptors, induces apoptosis in myocytes via the involvement of mitochondrial death pathway and ER stress.
248

Studies of the Pancreatic Beta-cell Metallome

Slepchenko, Kira G. 24 May 2022 (has links)
No description available.
249

Reconstitution of Doa10-mediated ER-associated protein degradation with purified components

Schmidt, Claudia C 25 November 2019 (has links)
No description available.
250

Upconversion Lumineszierende Nanopartikel als Marker in der Biologie: Die Synthese und Funktionalisierung von NaYF4:Yb,Er-Nanopartikeln und deren Einsatz als Marker für Aufnahme und Translokation von Nanopartikeln in Pflanzen

Nordmann, Jörg 13 February 2014 (has links)
Nanopartikel (NP) finden in immer mehr Produkten des täglichen Lebens Verwendung, werden im Tonnenmaßstab produziert und werden so auch zunehmend in die Umwelt gelangen. Man weiß sehr wenig über die Wechselwirkungen von synthetischen NP mit der Umwelt, insbesondere mit Pflanzen. Bislang ist weitestgehend unbekannt, ob, wie und mit welcher Geschwindigkeit NP aufgenommen und im Pflanzenkörper verteilt werden. In dieser Arbeit wird die Aufnahme und Verteilung von NP in verschiedenen Pflanzenarten untersucht. Besonderes Augenmerk wurde dabei auf die Aufnahmekinetik der NP gelegt. Die Untersuchungen wurden mit polydispersen und monodispersen NP verschiedener Größen (15 nm und 30 * 60 nm) durchgeführt. Um die Aufnahme verfolgen zu können, wurden für die Untersuchung NP verwendet, die den optischen Effekt der Aufwärtskonversion zeigen (englisch: Upconversion luminescent nanoparticles (UCNP)). Hierbei handelt es sich um NaYF4-NP der hexagonalen Kristallstruktur dotiert mit Yb3+ und Er3+. Die Upconversion Lumineszenz ist ein nichtlinearer optischer Prozess, bei dem die Absorption von zwei oder mehr Photonen längerer Wellenlänge (ca. 974 nm) zur Emission eines Photons kürzerer Wellenlänge (blau, grün und rot) führt. Die UCNP lassen sich als Multifunktionsmarker einsetzen, da sie mittels Fluoreszenzmikroskopie, Elektronenmikroskop und Röntgenfluoreszenzspektroskopie nachweisbar sind. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird eine neue Synthesemethode von hexagonalen NaYF4:Yb20%,Er2%-NP vorgestellt. Hierbei werden 2 bis 4 nm große NaYF4:Yb20%,Er2%-NP der kubischen Kristallstruktur als einzige Monomerquelle (Opferpartikel) bei der Synthese der NaYF4:Yb20%,Er2%-NP der hexagonalen Kristallstruktur verwendet, wobei die Opferpartikel in einem Ölsäure enthaltenden Lösungsmittel aufgeheizt oder in dieses bei hoher Temperatur (> 300 °C) injiziert werden. Mit Hilfe der Opferpartikelsynthese lassen sich hexagonale NaYF4:Yb20%,Er2%-NP im Grammmaßstab unter Kontrolle der Größe, Phase und Form herstellen. Neben monodispersen NP mit definierten Größen lassen sich Kern-Schale NP herstellen, die eine starke Steigerung der Fluoreszenzintensität zeigen.

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