Caracteres fenotípicos convergentes em diferentes espécies de insetos herbívoros sugerem uma adaptação funcional a um mesmo hábito alimentar. Nesse sentido, as barreiras apresentadas pelas plantas dificultam o acesso do herbívoro influenciando a evolução de suas estruturas. Espécies de Heliconiini com diferentes padrões alimentares (consumo de tecidos rígidos ou tenros) têm mostrado formas diferenciadas da cápsula cefálica e não existe estudo que explique essas diferenças. Levando em conta que os heliconíneos menos derivados tendem a se alimentar em folhas velhas e os mais derivados em folhas jovens, e que durante o processo de alimentação a mandíbula é a estrutura principalmente associada à mastigação, propomos que dito aumento da cabeça seja devido a modificações sofridas na forma mandibular e ao maior desenvolvimento do músculo adutor da mandíbula, que responde diferencialmente ao tipo de tecido consumido. Avaliamos as alometrias ontogenética e filogenética das mandíbulas das principais linhagens de Heliconiini criadas nas suas plantas hospedeiras preferidas, e mediante o uso de morfometria geométrica, elaboraremos uma proposta filogenética para ser comparada com as relações filogenéticas reconhecidas para o grupo, que também serão reconstruídas nesse trabalho, com base em marcadores moleculares. Identificamos também mediante a morfologia mandibular se as alterações de forma são causadoras das mudanças cefálicas e se correspondem aos diferentes hábitos alimentares apresentados pelas espécies. Para isso, induzimos alometría mudando quanto o comportamento alimentar de uma espécie restrita a folhas novas (tenras) para folhas velhas (rígidas), na procura de possíveis modificações nas mandíbula e músculo adutor. Adicionalmente, usando análises alométricas da mandíbula e músculo adutor, exploramos um aspecto comportamental importante em Heliconiini: a gregariedade, buscando elucidar se o incremento na sobrevivência obtida a altas densidades larvais, já reconhecida no grupo, é ocasionada por facilitação alimentar (comportamento) ou por mudanças alométricas nas estruturas alimentares (morfologia). / Convergent phenotypic traits in different species of herbivorous insects may indicate a functional adaptation to the same feeding habits. The barriers presented by plants hinder the herbivore's access, influencing the evolution of their feeding structures; species of Heliconiini with different feeding patterns (consumption of either tough or soft tissues) have shown different forms of head capsule and there are no studies explaining these differences. Taking into account that the less derived heliconians tend to eat old leaves and the more derived heliconians eat young ones, and that during the feeding process the mandible is main chewing structure, we propose that increase in head size is due to changes in the mandibular form and to greater development of the mandibular adductor muscle that responds differentially to the type of tissue consumed. We evaluate ontogenetic and phylogenetic allometries of the mandibles from the main lineages of Heliconiini that were reared on their favorite host plants. By using geometric morphometry, we tested a corresponding phylogenetic hypothesis to be compared to the molecular phylogenetic relations recognized to the group, also reconstructed in this work based on molecular markers. We also tested, through mandibular morphology, if the changes in shape are caused by cephalic changes in size and if they correspond to the different feeding habits presented by each species. To do this, we induced allometry by experimentally altering feeding behavior of one species restricted to new leaves (soft) to old leaves (tough), searching for possible changes in the mandible and adductor muscle. In addition, using allometric analysis of the mandible and adductor muscle, we explored an important behavioral aspect in Heliconiini -the gregariousness, trying to elucidate whether increase in the survival rates achieved at high larval densities, already recognized in the group, is caused by food facilitation (behavioral effect) or by allometric changes in the feeding structures (morphological cause).

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-09T19:00:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Kauana Peixoto Mariano - 2013.pdf: 2474261 bytes, checksum: 6551fea41732b8cd2b9b789508b819e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-10T20:20:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Kauana Peixoto Mariano - 2013.pdf: 2474261 bytes, checksum: 6551fea41732b8cd2b9b789508b819e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-10T20:20:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Kauana Peixoto Mariano - 2013.pdf: 2474261 bytes, checksum: 6551fea41732b8cd2b9b789508b819e9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-15 / Periodontal disease is characterized by inflammation and destruction of periodontal structures. It is a disease that most commonly affects dogs, its agent is the accumulated plaque on surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of mixed and dry homemade diets, age and body score, the severity of periodontal disease in 73 dogs. We performed nutritional assessment, oral cavity clinical examination and laboratory tests, as well as a survey, in which the owners were interviewed and filled out a questionnaire on the dietary habits of their animals. The severity of periodontal disease increased with ageing of the animal. Body condition score was negatively correlated with the severity of disease, thus animals with more severe periodontal disease had lower scores. The type of food given to the dogs showed no correlation with the severity of periodontal disease. / A doença periodontal caracteriza-se pela inflamação e destruição de estruturas do periodonto. É uma das doenças que mais frequentemente acometem os cães, sendo seu agente etiológico a placa bacteriana que se acumula na superfície dos dentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a interferência de fatores como dietas caseira, mista e seca, idade e escore corporal na gravidade da doença periodontal em 73 cães. Foi realizada avaliação nutricional, exame clínico da cavidade bucal e exames laboratoriais, como também um levantamento com entrevista e preenchimento de questionário com os proprietários sobre os hábitos alimentares de seus animais. A severidade da doença periodontal aumentou conforme aumentou a idade dos animais. O escore corporal mostrou correlação negativa com a gravidade da doença, sendo que animais com doença periodontal mais grave apresentaram escores mais baixos. O tipo de alimento fornecido aos cães não apresentou relação com a gravidade da doença periodontal.

Nas últimas décadas houve aumento significativo na prevalência da obesidade nos países desenvolvidos e vem crescendo também naqueles em desenvolvimento, tornando-se um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. A importância do diagnóstico e tratamento da obesidade em fases precoces da vida justifica-se, pois ela favorece alterações metabólicas que se tornam mais graves quanto maior o grau de obesidade e o tempo de sua instalação. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o estado nutricional de escolares do ensino fundamental de escolas da rede pública e privada da cidade de Franca-SP e conhecer a prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade, investigando possíveis associações entre componente alimentar, atividade física e nível sócioconomico dos mesmos, fatores considerados como possíveis influentes da obesidade, tornando-se necessário intervir com um programa de educação alimentar antes que a doença se agrave. Foram avaliados 492 alunos de ambos os sexos com idades entre 6 e 10 anos matriculados da 1a a 4a séries do ensino fundamental de escolas particulares, estaduais e municipais da cidade de Franca–SP, através de avaliação nutricional com coleta de dados antropométricos (peso e altura) e aplicação de um questionário sobre hábitos alimentares, atividade física e condição sócio-econômica elaborado pelos pesquisadores. Foi encontrado que 59,6% das crianças estudadas são eutróficas; 15,8% se encontram nas classificações de baixo peso e 24,6% foram classificadas como excesso de peso, onde 11,6% possuem sobrepeso e 13,0% obesidade. Os dados vão de encontro à literatura, porém, a prevalência da obesidade parece ser maior que os últimos achados. Houve uma associação do nível sócioconomico com a prevalência de excesso de peso, com predominância nas escolas particulares (37,4%), em relação às escolas estaduais (23,7%) e municipais (18,9%) (p=0,004). Destaca-se que 28,0% dos sujeitos obesos estão matriculados em escolas particulares. Das 492 crianças avaliadas, 56,5% realizam apenas a prática desportiva oferecida no currículo escolar. Os sujeitos classificados como eutrófico/baixo peso realizam uma freqüência mais adequada de atividade física (68,6%), se comparados com os classificados como sobreopeso/obesidade (34,4%). No que se refere aos hábitos alimentares, a preferência alimentar de 38,4% é de alimentos do grupo energético extra e 72,9% tem como alimentos que menos gostam aqueles do grupo de reguladores. A informação que o excesso de peso está instalado em aproximadamente 25% da população estudada, que o sedentarismo é a realidade da maioria das crianças, que a preferência em sua alimentação são os alimentos fontes de energia extra, enquanto, aqueles que são fontes de vitaminas, sais minerais e fibras são os de menor preferência, traz grande preocupação, tornando-se necessário desenvolver um programa de incentivo a prática de atividade e de reeducação alimentar com as crianças estudadas e suas respectivas famílias, com o objetivo de reduzir as taxas de obesidade encontradas e prevenir que esta instale nesta população. / Over the last decades, the significant increase of the prevalence of obesity in developed and developing countries has become one of the most important public health problems. The relevance of the diagnostic and treatment of obesity during early ages is justified, because it contributes to metabolic changes that are more severe in higher obesity levels and earlier installation periods. The goal of this study was to evaluate eating habits, physical activity and social and economical environment of elementary school students, factors which possibly influence obesity and require intervention by means of an eating education program before the disease gets even worse. 492 students from 1a to 4a grades of private, local and state elementary schools were evaluated in Franca-SP, through nutritional assessment, collection of anthropometrical data (weight and height) and application of a survey about eating habits, physical activity and socioeconomic conditions developed by the examiners. It was noticed that 59.6% of the observed children had normal nutritional conditions; 15.8% were classified as underweight and 24.6 were classified as overweight, where 11.6% were considered overweight and 13.0%, obese. The data confirm literature, although the prevalence of obesity seems to be higher than the last findings. It has been verified that, even without statistic association, in our sample the boys were more obese than girls, what has been corroborated by the literature. There was an association between the socioeconomic level and the prevalence of overweight, mostly in private schools (37.4%) when comparing to state schools (23.7%) and municipal schools (18.9%) (p=0,004). It is important to highlight that 28.0% of obese subjects attend private schools. Among 492 children studied, 56.5% practiced only the sport activities offered in the school program. The subjects who were classified as with normal nutritional conditions/ underweight used to practice physical activities in a more satisfactory frequency (68.6%) if compared to the classified as overweight/obese (34.4%). Regarding to eating habits, the eating preferences to 38.4% were provisions of the extra energetic group and 72.9% chose as the least appreciated the food belonging to the regulatory group. There was not an association between the quality of the food during the meals throughout the day, however this fact does not indicate that the children’s feeding is adequate. The information that overweight is reflected in ¼ of the studied population, that sedentary lifestyle is a reality to most of the children, that their food preferences are meals with extra energetic supply, while, those who are vitamin suppliers, mineral supplement and fibers are less preferred, brings great concern, requiring the development of a program to motivate the practice of physical activity and eating reeducation with the studied children and their families, aiming at reducing the obesity rates and at preventing that it remains on this population.

O trabalho por turnos é definido como aquele realizado fora dos horários considerados “convencionais”, por exemplo: pelo trabalho no turno noturno ou o trabalho de forma contínua, através do revezamento de equipes. Durante as últimas décadas, a proporção de trabalhadores que executam as atividades em escalas de turnos vem aumentando e, com as mudanças nas condições de trabalho, a organização do ambiente social, familiar, dos hábitos de vida e das necessidades básicas desses trabalhadores passou por significativas transformações, que podem causar danos saúde. O desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e distúrbios metabólicos em trabalhadores de turnos já é bastante evidenciado na literatura, e os estudos epidemiológicos demonstram associações consistentes entre o trabalho por turnos e a ocorrência de doenças, como obesidade, diabetes e síndrome metabólica. Além da relação entre alterações dos ritmos biológicos, disruptura do sistema circadiano e alterações metabólicas, mudanças comportamentais experienciadas pelos trabalhadores de turnos são apontadas como potenciais fatores de risco adicionais ao desenvolimento de doenças. Dentre as alterações nos hábitos de vida, a alimentação parece ser alterada em decorrência do trabalho por turno. Mudanças nos horários de sono, vigília, da atividade laboral, bem como na disponibilidade de alimentos e tempo para realização das refeiçoes em locais adequados, são fatores determinantes nas escolhas alimentares desses indivíduos. Ainda que estudos voltados à avaliaçao da alimentação de trabalhadores de turnos tenham sido propostos e bastante discutidos na literatura, a real influência do turno de trabalho nos hábitos alimentares é pouco elucidada. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi revisar sistematicamente os resultados de estudos que avaliaram os hábitos alimentares de trabalhadores de turnos, de forma a esclarecer como o turno de trabalho influencia, positiva ou negativamente na alimentação. A sumarização de evidências permite a elaboração de condutas e estratégias nutricionais específicas a esse grupo de risco. Além disso, destaca aspectos importantes a serem considerados no desenvolvimento de futuros estudos, visando contribuir com a qualidade das informações obtidas. / Shift work is defined as the one performed outside the "conventional" hours, for example by working the night shift or working continuously through the team relay. Over the last few decades, the proportion of workers performing turn-based activities has been increasing and, with changes in working conditions, the organization of the social, family, living, and basic needs of these workers has changed significantly which can cause health damage. The development of chronic noncommunicable diseases and metabolic disorders in shift workers is already well documented in the literature, and epidemiological studies demonstrate consistent associations between shift work and the occurrence of diseases such as obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In addition to the relationship between changes in biological rhythms, disruption of the circadian system and metabolic alterations, behavioral changes experienced by shift workers are indicated as potential additional risk factors for the development of diseases. Among the changes in life habits, food habits seems to be altered as a result of shift work. Changes in sleep schedules, wakefulness, labor activity, as well as food availability and time to make meals in appropriate places, are determining factors in the food choices of these individuals. Although studies aimed at evaluating the feeding of shift workers have been proposed and discussed in the literature, the real influence of work shift on eating habits is little elucidated. Thus, the objective of this study was to systematically review the results of studies that evaluated the eating habits of shift workers, in order to clarify how the work shift influences, positively or negatively in the diet. Summarizing evidence allows the elaboration of specific nutritional strategies and strategies for this risk group. In addition, it highlights important aspects to be considered in the development of future studies, aiming to contribute to the quality of the information obtained.

A prevalência da obesidade em crianças e adolescentes tem aumentado em diversos países do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. Esse fato está fortemente relacionado à mudança no estilo de vida e aos hábitos alimentares. A transição nutricional é um fenômeno caracterizado pelo aumento da ingestão de calorias e o consumo alimentar tem sido relacionado à obesidade não somente quanto ao volume de ingestão alimentar como também à composição e qualidade da dieta. O Healthy Eating Index (HEI, índice de alimentação saudável) é uma medida de adesão às recomendações dietéticas americanas. O HEI é composto por um escore de 100 pontos, onde 10 componentes alimentares são avaliados e destinados a avaliar a qualidade da alimentação, com a finalidade de monitorar as mudanças na ingestão dietética ao longo do tempo e como um instrumento base para elaboração das atividades de educação nutricional e promoção de saúde na população. Muitos estudos avaliaram a qualidade da alimentação através desse índice, alguns mostraram associação positiva entre o HEI e a ingestão de nutrientes essenciais. Porém, poucos estudos correlacionaram o HEI com marcadores de perfil lipídico. Este estudo se preocupa com o surgimento de alguns fatores de risco cardiovascular já na infância, e uma das causas relacionadas a esse problema seria o tipo de alimentação que as crianças consomem. Para avaliar a qualidade da dieta e marcadores de perfil lipídico, realizou-se um estudo transversal com a finalidade de investigar a associação entre o HEI e marcadores de perfil lipídico e o índice de massa corporal em escolares de sete e oito anos de idade, de baixo nível socioeconômico. A amostra foi constituída de 305 escolares, sendo 173 meninos e 132 meninas, a média geral de idade foi de 7,7 ± 0,4 anos, o excesso de peso foi diagnosticado em 27,2% das crianças, sendo que 11,5% foram classificadas como obesas. A média geral da pontuação do HEI foi 58,8 ± 7,7. Neste estudo foi encontrada uma elevada proporção de crianças com consumo alimentar que precisa ser melhorado e nenhuma criança com qualidade boa da dieta. Além disso, não foi possível mostrar associação entre o HEI e os níveis de lipídeos séricos nas crianças estudadas. Os resultados desta pesquisa, aliados a estudos de intervenção já feitos, destacam a necessidade de elaborar e implementar políticas e programas de nutrição nas escolas que tenham como alvo as crianças e suas famílias, com o objetivo de aumentar a ingestão de legumes, verduras, frutas e reduzir a ingestão de produtos industrializados, sódio e gorduras. / The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased in several countries including Brazil. This fact is strongly related to changes in lifestyle and eating habits. The nutrition transition is a phenomenon characterized by increased calorie intake and food consumption has been linked to obesity not only in the amount of food intake as well as the composition and diet quality. The Healthy Eating Index – HEI – is a measure of adherence to U.S. dietary recommendations. HEI is composed of a score of 100 points, in which 10 food components are evaluated and are designed to assess the quality of food, in order to monitor changes in dietary intake over time and as a basic instrument for development activities nutrition education and promotion of health in the population. Many studies have assessed the quality of food through this index, some showed a positive association between the HEI and the intake of essential nutrients. However few studies HEI correlated with markers of lipid profile. This research is concerned with the emergence of some cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and one of the causes related to this problem would be the type of food that children consume. In order to assess the quality of diet and lipid profile markers a crosssectional study was conducted to investigate the association between the HEI and markers of lipid profile and body mass index in schoolchildren of seven and eight years old, low socioeconomic status. The sample consisted of 305 school children, 173 boys and 132 girls, the overall mean age was 7.7 ± 0.4 years, overweight was diagnosed in 27.2% of children, and 11.5 % were classified as obese. The general average HEI score was 58.8 ± 7.7. This study found a high proportion of children with food consumption that needs to be improved and no child with good quality diet. In addition, we could not show an association between the HEI and serum lipid levels in children. The results of this research combined with intervention studies ever made highlight the need to develop and implement policies and nutrition programs in schools that target children and their families in order to increase the intake of vegetables, fruits and reduce the intake of processed products, sodium and fats.

Title: Contemporary youth lifestyle and its impact on health Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to describe and evaluate the current lifestyle of young people with a focus on the level of physical activity, eating habits, spending leisure time and health of young people and to compare the obtained data with the results of international research conducted in the Czech Republic in 2018 as part of the HEALTH BEHAVIOUR IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN. Methods: The questioning method was used to obtain information about the current lifestyle of young people and its effect on their health. 334 respondents participated in the survey, including 142 boys and 192 girls attending the Bratří Jandusů Primary School, the Hotel and Gastronomy Secondary School, the Media Graphic Secondary School and the Secondary Vocational School for European Union Administration in Prague. Results: The aim of the thesis was to find out what the current lifestyle of young people is and how it affects their health. According to the information obtained in my research, the respondents' current lifestyle is characterized mainly by unsuitable eating habits, insufficient physical activity and excessive spending of leisure time by sedentary (inactive) behavior. Only 6.9% of respondents meet sufficient physical activity and appropriate...

The food decisions, dietary patterns, physical activity, and weight-related convictions of African American mothers are affected by their self-perceptions and views of body weight. The gap in the literature regarding the impact of these perceptions on children's food choices, eating habits, and body image is significant. Using the health belief model as the theoretical foundation and a cross-sectional survey as the research design, this study assessed the potential relationship between mothers' and children's eating habits and whether mothers' perceptions of their children's body image were reliable indicators of childhood obesity. Eighty-six mothers provided demographic information and completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) and the Figure Rating Scale (FRS); 86 children completed the FRS. All 172 participants self-reported weight and height. No other measurements were taken. Logistic regression and correlation analysis were used to answer the research questions. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the mothers' perceptions of their children's body image and the children's self-perceptions of their body image. The results of regression analyses indicated that the mothers' perceptions of their weight as children influenced food choices for their children as well as their children's self-perception of body image. Positive social change in the African American community may occur by having community and health care professionals offer awareness programs to African American mothers.

Abstract Food and recuperation has a superior importance in human life and it is hard to deny the distinction of the food in everyday life. Nutritious food gives energy to benefit activities of the day and influences on behavior and performance as well as well being. The meaning of the terms meal and mealtime are key concepts in this study and the several beneficial aspects beyond the physiological function. Inadequate time for the meal might provide degenerative consequences for individual health and generate outgoings for society. The aim of this study was that from an individual perspective describe work environment conditions for meals and recovery potential among employees with irregular working hours using mixed methods with both questionnaire and interviews. Four (4) airline employees participated. Result from this study demonstrated that airline employees, especially cabin crew, rarely could effect on the surrounding environment of the meal. The participants indicated the irregularity of the meals and meal patterns at work along with constant time pressure and economic directives as the main underlying factors from their perspective. The study concluded that the time, place and money dictated the terms of the mealtime and that the potential of recovery was virtually nonexistent. Keywords: meal, eating habits, shift work, health promotion, recovery/recuperation

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur individer som arbetar skift upplever att skiftarbetet påverkar dem fysiskt och psykiskt samt hur de upplever att det påverkar deras mattider och matvanor. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju. Fyra skiftarbetande informanter deltog i studien, av dessa var tre personer män och en kvinna. Informanterna i studien var 24, 27, 45 samt 45. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades för att sedan analyseras med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Meningsenheter ur det transkriberade materialet valdes ut, kondenserades och kodades. Koderna sammanställdes sedan till kategorier. Resultat som framkom av studien var att informanterna angav att de påverkades både fysiskt och psykiskt av att arbeta skift. De upplevda fysiska symptom som rapporterades till följd av att arbeta skift var trötthet och sömnsvårigheter. De upplevda bakomliggande faktorerna till de fysiska symptomen var svårigheter att koppla av, omställning mellan skift samt intensiteten på arbetet. De upplevda psykiska symptom som rapporterades var trötthet, nedstämdhet och stress. De upplevda bakomliggande faktorerna som informanterna angav till de psykiska symptomen var störd sömnrytm, rädsla för att göra fel i arbetet samt matvanor. Informanterna uppgav att de upplevde att deras mattider och matvanor påverkades av att de arbetar skift. Gällande skiftarbetets påverkan på mattiderna uppgavs problematiska mattider, hungrigare på kvällarna samt sockersug nattetid som påverkansfaktorer. Informanter angav svårigheter att äta nattetid, mättnad, rörligt schema samt sömnbrist som upplevda bakomliggande faktorer. Informanternas upplevelser av hur skiftarbetet påverkar deras matvanor uppgavs att de äter onyttigare kvällstid samt att de äter onyttigare nattetid. De upplevda bakomliggande orsakerna till skiftarbetets påverkan på matvanorna var snabb energipåfyllning samt lathet. Resultaten visade att det finns ohälsosamma effekter av skiftarbete för personer som arbetar skift, vilket motiverar och därför är det en viktig aspekt för folkhälsovetenskap att fortsätta sin ytterligare forskning om riskfaktorer och förebyggande åtgärder. / The aim of this study was to learn about how shift workers experience how the shiftwork affect them both physically and psychologically and to study if they experience that their mealtimes and eating habits are affected by the shift work. The method used was a qualitative semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The results showed that the informants were affected by working shift both physically and psychologically. Physical symptoms reported were fatigue and insomnia. Reported psychological symptoms were fatigue, stress and low mood. All informants reported that both their mealtimes and eating habits were affected. The results showed that mealtimes were affected by sleep deprivation and variable schedule. The eating habits were reported to be unhealthier when the informants were working evening or night shift. The results showed that there are unhealthy impacts from shiftwork on individuals who are working shift, which motivates further research on risk factors and preventive measures.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether parents of children who attend childcare centers have different attitudes and behaviors toward shaping their child's eating habits than parents of children who stay at home, and whether these attitudes and behaviors affect their child's dietary intake and weight. Fifty parents of 3- to 5-year-old children who attended childcare centers and fifty parents of 3- to 5-year-old children who stayed at home in Central Texas participated in the study. Parents completed questionnaires designed to measure the factors they considered when choosing food for their child, and their perceived influence on, satisfaction with, responsibility for, and control over their child's eating habits. After receiving training and measuring utensils, parents completed 3-day dietary records for their child. A researcher recorded the children's food intake when they were at the childcare center. Children's height and weight were measured, and body mass index was plotted on the CDC BMIfor- age growth charts (2000). Twelve percent of childcare children were obese compared to 2 percent of stay-at-home children (p<0.05). Children in childcare consumed more energy, vegetables, fat, saturated fat, and sweetened beverages than stay-at-home children (p<0.05), mostly due to consumption at the center. Both groups met requirements for all food groups and nutrients except grains, vegetables, and vitamin E. Their diets were too high in fat, contributing 32 percent of total energy. There was no evidence that parents of children in childcare felt less responsible for, less influential on, more satisfied with, or exerted less control over their child's diet than stay-at-home parents. Parents of childcare children believed that they and the childcare center shared responsibility for their child's nutrition. They felt that time was a more important factor in choosing food for their child than did stay-at-home parents. Parents who perceived lack of time to be an obstacle had children who consumed less energy, iron, and fat during the evening hours. Parents of overweight children felt more influential on and were more satisfied with their child's diets than parents of normal weight children. No other parental attitudes were predictive of children's food intake or weight status. / text