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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
281

Srovnání regulace trhů v EU a USA v kontextu ekonomické krize / Comparison of the Market Regulation in the EU and in the USA in the Context of Economic Crisis

Beránek, Jaromír January 2013 (has links)
Jaromír Beránek - Comparison of the Market Regulation in the EU and in the USA in the Context of Economic Crisis Abstract: Once the U.S. real estate bubble burst in 2007 and most of the major American banks ran into a financial distress following the rising number of mortgage defaults, few foresaw that these problems would grow into the biggest global crisis since 1930s. Soon it turned out that the fall was inevitable. Due to the lack of regulation an uncontrolled growth in bad credits occurred over the years preceding the crisis outbreak. Financial institutions, silently supported by credit rating agencies, started pushing complicated and opaque investment instruments into the hungry market, and investors gladly bought them, motivated by the promise of high bonuses. The ongoing process of globalization and international linking of financial markets significantly accelerated the evolvement of the crisis and contributed to its spread around the world. Burdened by the immense costs of bank bailouts governments of many countries faced a threat of an imminent bankruptcy, and were forced to seek international aid. In the EU, the USA and on the international scene, several initiatives arose, striving to create effective regulatory reforms and to strengthen tools for a timely identification and prevention of...
282

Dopad hospodářské krize na televizní trh v České republice / Impact of the Financial Crisis on the TV Market in the Czech Republic

Motáňová, Markéta January 2013 (has links)
Thesis called Impact of the Economic Crisis on the Television Market in the Czech Republic combines two main topics: current economic crisis and TV market in the Czech Republic. TV market is closely connected with the television advertising market. This thesis try to answer the question whether and how the economic crisis affected the amount of funds invested in television advertising and how changes in the television advertising market were reflected in the financial results of TV stations. To evaluate the financial situation of television companies was used the financial analysis. Development of the volume of investment in television advertising and television advertising prices were examined through data and information from the research agencies. The thesis also examines the consequences for the viewer, ie whether the economic crisis reflected in changing broadcasting schedule and whether these changes subsequently affect viewership of TV. To determine this information is used quantitative analysis of the television program within defined period. Viewership of television companies surveyed is evaluated on the basis of data research agencies (especially Association of TV Organisations). For the comprehensive assessment of the problem this thesis is supplemented by the treatise on the current...
283

Les marchés publics et le développement économique au Congo / Public procurement and economic development in Congo

Nsalou Nkoua, Lewis 27 September 2012 (has links)
Les marchés publics au Congo ont été longtemps encadrés par le décret colonial du 9 mars 1959. Rédigée dans un contexte historique particulier, cette règlementation s’est avérée éloignée des réalités socio-économiques du Congo à la suite de l’indépendance proclamée le 15 août 1960. Institué pour accompagner le pays vers son développement dans un environnement économique libéral, ce décret colonial a été, dans la pratique, complètement écarté au profit des règles édictées par le Parti unique et l’idéologie marxiste à partir de l’année 1964. En 1982, une nouvelle réglementation des marchés publics devant servir de fondement à la politique contractuelle de développement économique du pays a été définie par les autorités congolaises de l’époque. Cette nouvelle réglementation des marchés publics, mise en place par le décret du 22 avril 1982, a le mérite d’avoir créé les autorités de gestion des marchés publics et fixé un cadre de passation des marchés et contrats de l’État. Toutefois, elle a aussitôt montré ses limites et ses insuffisances au regard de la configuration socio-politique du pays. Plusieurs facteurs participent à l’inefficacité du dispositif de 1982 : le monopartisme, l’endettement des entreprises publiques et de l’État, la corruption dans la passation des marchés publics, le recours excessif au gré à gré et l’instabilité institutionnelle. Avec l’avènement dans les années 1990-1991 de la démocratie, même fragilisée par les guerres civiles, un vent de réformes importantes souffle sur le Congo. C’est ainsi que, dans la perspective de la reconstruction institutionnelle et économique du pays, avec l’appui des organisations financières internationales, les autorités congolaises ont engagé une série de réformes, parmi lesquelles s’inscrit la réforme portant codification des marchés publics. Mis en place par le décret du 20 mai 2009, le Code des marchés publics constitue une réponse à plusieurs objectifs : la transparence, la bonne gouvernance, la lutte contre la corruption et le développement économique du Congo. Dès lors, un état des lieux de la réglementation des marchés publics au Congo, de son accession à l’indépendance en 1960 à nos jours, semblait nécessaire pour dégager des perspectives nouvelles. Pour que les marchés publics deviennent un outil au service du développement économique du pays, quelques préalables s’imposent : la lutte contre la pauvreté, le renforcement du rôle de la justice, l’égalité entre les candidats aux marchés, la prise en considération des exigences sociales et environnementales locales. / Procurement in the Congo has long been framed by the colonial decree of March 9th, 1959. Written in a particular historical context, this regulation has proven to be far from the socio-economic realities of the Congo as a result of the independence proclaimed on August 15th, 1960. Established with the view of leading the country towards its development in a liberal economic environment, this colonial decree was, in practice, completely sidelined in favor of the rules issued by the Single Party and the Marxist ideology from the year 1964. In 1982, new procurement rules to serve as a basis for the contractual policy of economic development has been defined by the Congolese authorities of the time. This new procurement regulation, established by a Decree of April 22nd, 1982, is credited with having created the management authorities of public contracts and having set a framework for procurement and government contracts. However, it soon showed its limits and shortcomings with regard to the socio-political configuration of the country. Several factors contributed to the inefficiency of the device in 1982: the party system, the State debt and that of public enterprises, corruption in public procurement, the excessive use of OTC over the counter negotiations and institutional instability. In the years 1990-1991, with the advent of democracy, even though weakened by civil wars, a significant wind of change blew across the Congo. Thus, in view of the institutional and economic reconstruction of the country, with the support of the international financial organizations, the Congolese authorities have undertaken a series of reforms, including the reform codifying procurement. Established by the Decree of May 20th, 2009, the Procurement Code aims at several objectives: transparency, good governance, the fight against corruption and economic development of the Congo. Therefore, an overview of the procurement rules from the Congo's independence in 1960 until today seemed necessary to identify new prospects. For public procurement to become a tool of economic development, there are some prerequisites: fighting against poverty, strengthening the role of justice, granting candidates equal access markets, taking into consideration local social and environmental requirements.
284

Ensaios sobre crise e desmedida do capital: notas para uma crítica do subconsumismo

Andrade, Patrick Rodrigues 24 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patrick Rodrigues Andrade.pdf: 1437637 bytes, checksum: 0adc2dee140d02db386fb1bdf2f53b1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work is structured in two essays on rampant and crisis of capital, and, in the end, some notes as an outline for a critic of underconsumption. The first essay has its central issue the critics elaborated by Rosa Luxemburg to the schemes of social reproduction of Karl Marx, and the interpretation of the author to the meaning of the crisis of capital at the beginning of the 20th century. The first section argues about the theoretical status of the schemes of social reproduction of Marx, the debate surrounding them in the early twentieth century and the analysis undertaken by Rosa Luxemburg in her work The Capital Accumulation (1913). In the second section of this first essay, the analysis focuses on Luxemburg s perspective regarding the crisis of capitalism and her critic of Marx, particularly in terms of a "mismatch" between the schemes of reproduction extended in the second book of Capital and the conception of the capitalist global process of social of the third book. The third section examines some theoretical problems of Luxemburg, presented in earlier sections, under the terms of dialectical logic refined of the notion of "negation of negation", a perspective derived from the Western Marxism, which reaffirms the negative as such. What is questioned is the own conceptual processuality of capital and crisis developed by Karl Marx, a mediation involving the proper relationship between the concept and the non-conceptual. The second essay first discusses the "real abstraction" at the base of the capitalist form of wealth production, which puts dissimilar products in equality and then moves on the sense of the inequality of the same as the distribution rules of surplus-value no longer maintain a direct relationship with the production rules of surplus-value to such an extent that through the transformation of values in prices the value law itself is inverted and the ownership of capital becomes predominant , for how the development of fetishism opens a gap within the capital s profit itself. This essay discusses the commodity fetishism, the fetish of money and finally the capitalist relationship fully reificated in interest-bearing capital, emphasizing, to use a lacanian term, how reality itself has the structure of a fiction. Behind this discussion is the negativity inherent to the capitalist dynamic as a movement of constant resilience and recovery of its contradictions in "higher" levels. The notes, on the end, are limited to comments regarding a current Marxist debate between Michel Husson/Alain Bihr and Francois Chesnais/Louis Gill, however, without great damage, it is possible to extend such considerations, in "old" meaning of "critique of political economy," to the question of the underconsumption within the Marxist tradition, which refers to Rosa Luxemburg (in The Accumulation of Capital), Otto Bauer (in his political testament entitled Between the wars?), Henryk Grossman (in his series of lectures reunited on the volume The law of accumulation and the collapse of the capitalist system), and especially Paul Sweezy (The theory of capitalist development), that marks the end of an intellectual age the "classic tradition" of Marxism / O presente trabalho está estruturado em dois ensaios sobre desmedida e crise do capital, e, ao final, algumas notas como esboço de uma crítica do subconsumismo. O primeiro ensaio tem como assunto central as críticas elaboradas por Rosa Luxemburg aos esquemas de reprodução social de Karl Marx, e a interpretação da autora quanto ao significado das crises do capital no início do séc. XX. A primeira seção discorre a respeito do estatuto teórico dos esquemas de reprodução social de Marx, o debate envolvendo-os no início do século XX e a análise empreendida por Rosa Luxemburg em sua obra A acumulação de Capital (1913). Na segunda seção desse primeiro ensaio, a análise se concentra na perspectiva de Luxemburg a respeito das crises do capitalismo e sua crítica dirigida a Marx, principalmente no que concerne a uma incompatibilidade entre os esquemas de reprodução ampliada do livro segundo de O Capital e a concepção do processo de produção global capitalista do livro terceiro. A terceira seção examina certos problemas teóricos de Luxemburg, apresentados nas seções anteriores, sob o ponto de vista da lógica dialética acrisolada da noção de negação da negação , uma perspectiva oriunda do marxismo ocidental, que reafirma o negativo enquanto tal. O que é posto em questão é a própria processualidade dos conceitos de capital e crise desenvolvidos por Karl Marx, em uma mediação que envolve a própria relação entre o conceito e o não-conceitual. Quanto ao segundo ensaio, discute-se inicialmente a abstração real existente na base da forma capitalista de produção de riqueza, que põe os produtos desiguais em relação de igualdade e, posteriormente, se move no sentido da desigualdade dos iguais de como as regras de distribuição da mais-valia já não guardam relação direta com as regras de produção da mais-valia, a tal ponto que através da transformação dos valores em preços a própria lei do valor se inverte e a propriedade do capital se torna preponderante , para como o desenvolvimento do fetichismo abre uma lacuna no interior do próprio lucro do capital. O ensaio discute o fetichismo da mercadoria, o fetiche do dinheiro e finalmente a relação capitalista plenamente reificada no capital portador de juros, destacando, para usar um termo de Lacan, como a própria realidade tem a estrutura de uma ficção. Por trás dessa discussão está a negatividade inerente à dinâmica do capitalismo enquanto movimento de constante superação e reposição de suas contradições em níveis superiores . As notas se restringem a comentários quanto ao debate marxista atual entre Michel Husson/Alain Bihr e François Chesnais/Louis Gill, todavia, sem grandes prejuízos, é possível estender tais considerações, no velho sentido da crítica da economia política , à questão do subconsumismo no interior da tradição marxista, que remete a Rosa Luxemburg (em sua obra A acumulação de Capital), Otto Bauer (em seu testamento político intitulado Entre duas guerras?), Henryk Grossman (em sua série de palestras reunidas no volume A lei da acumulação e o colapso do sistema capitalista) e especialmente Paul Sweezy (A teoria do desenvolvimento capitalista), sendo que a concepção desse último marca o fim de uma era intelectual a tradição clássica do marxismo
285

Crescimento, flutuações e endividamento externo na economia dos Estados Unidos: 1980-2000 / Economic growth, business cycles and external indebtedness of the US economy, 1980-2004

Schincariol, Vitor Eduardo 04 March 2010 (has links)
Este trabalho buscar explicar como o endividamento externo da economia norte-americana, a partir do início da década de (19)80, atenuou (e atenua ainda hoje) as decorrências macroeconômicas advindas da tendência para a estagnação do produto interno bruto. Segundo o argumento usado aqui, tal tendência para a estagnação origina-se da queda ao longo do tempo da parcela da acumulação produtiva sobre o produto. A tendência é explicada por um crescente diferencial no desempenho das taxas de lucro intersetoriais na economia, no qual as desvantagens para os setores industriais podem ser explicadas por suas mais elevadas razões capital/produto e conseqüentes menores taxas de lucro. Tal é intensificado por (a) pelo comportamento dos preços relativos, os quais conhecem uma queda maior dos preços dos bens industriais face a outros preços na economia; e (b) pelos crescentes déficits comerciais em bens. Particularmente, a tendência ao declínio foi intensificada pelas crises do petróleo (1974-1979) e pela política de juros altos no fim da década de (19)70 e meados de (19)80. O crescimento da financeirização surge assim como a outra face da moeda do movimento de diminuição da acumulação produtiva. Em segundo lugar, além de se tentar abordar as causas das flutuações em tendência decrescente do produto no período, tentou-se demonstrar como, em meio às flutuações do produto, o nível de endividamento correlacionou-se com a economia norte-americana no sentido de funcionar como elemento estabilizador. Dentro disto, buscou-se mostrar como a recuperação das taxas de lucro industriais, a partir do final da década de (19)80, e em meados da de (19)90, não levaram à queda da dívida externa. Isto se deu porque o nível de crescimento do setor industrial não logrou levar a economia a um patamar de crescimento que tornasse possível prescindir da dívida externa. Isto significava que a acumulação produtiva continuava insuficiente como mecanismo que permitisse uma diminuição do endividamento externo, principalmente devido às dificuldades relativas das taxas das de lucro industriais e das perdas no comércio exterior em bens tangíveis, não contornadas completamente pelo crescimento visto no período. Isto mostra que para sustentar os níveis de investimento e consumo, sem auxílio do endividamento externo, um volume muito maior de investimento teria de estar ocorrendo, o que não é possível pela queda relativa das taxas de lucro nos setores produtivos. Argumenta-se, assim, que o endividamento externo atenuou mas não solucionou fundamentalmente a continuidade da queda do investimento produtivo ao longo do tempo, processo que teria conduzido a economia a ainda menores taxas de crescimento na ausência do papel hegemônico do dólar na economia mundial. / This work aims to explain how the external indebtedness of the U.S. economy since the 1980s attenuated and still attenuates the macroeconomic effects originated from the tendency of the gross domestic product to stagnate. This tendency comes from the fall of the productive accumulation in its relation to the national product, explained by the growing disadvantages of the industrial profit rates when compared to the financial ones. These disadvantages can be explained mainly by the bigger capital/product rates in the industrial sectors, lowering its rates of profit. This is intensified by (a) the performance of the relative prices, which shows an ongoing fall in goods prices and a increase in nongoods prices, and (b) by the increasing trade deficits, stressing domestic production. Particularly, these tendencies were intensified by the oil crisis and the high interest rates of the middle 1970s. The growing participation of the financial sectors in the national economy is the other face of this tendency of the productive accumulation to fall. Moreover, this work intended to discuss how the external indebtedness is correlated to the instability of the economy, showing how, during all the period, the external indebtedness worked as a mechanism of stabilization. The work then tried to describe this process of stabilization. After this, the work intended to explain why the absolute rise of the industrial rates of profit, since the middle 1980s, was not able to diminish the rate of the external indebtedness. This occurred because the financial rates of profit expanded still more rapidly, expressing the persistence of the above mentioned different performances between productive and non-productive sectors in the U.S. economy. It explains why the increase in profitability of productive capital during the 1990s continued insufficient to conduct the economy to smaller degrees of external indebtedness. This is the specific conclusion of chapter 9, which tries to demonstrate how a faster process of accumulation of capital did not take to a lesser external debt during the middle 1990s. It occurred because that process of economic growth needed a still more vigorous rate of productive investment to make possible a fall in external indebtedness. Hence, the conclusion that emerges is that only a much more stronger process of productive accumulation would be able to diminish the external indebtedness process - a not easy process, given the poorest domestic performance of industrial sectors in face of the other domestic sectors and in face of the international ones. That is, the external indebtedness attenuated but did not solve the occurrence of a falling rate of productive accumulation. So, this fall of the rate of profit in industrial sectors would have conducted the economy to a still more fragile degree of investment and consumption if there was not the hegemonic role of dollar in the international economy, which permits the above mentioned strategy of external indebtedness.
286

O impeachment de Fernando Collor: aspectos econômicos, políticos e jurídicos que levaram à queda do presidente / The impeachment of Fernando Collor: economic, political and legal aspects that led to the downfall of the president

Pujol, Marcus Vinicius Comenale 15 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-08-24T12:51:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinicius Comenale Pujol.pdf: 38441174 bytes, checksum: 64737585b6ba528aa9b1307ccc3ec605 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T12:51:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcus Vinicius Comenale Pujol.pdf: 38441174 bytes, checksum: 64737585b6ba528aa9b1307ccc3ec605 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / After more than two decades of dictatorship, Fernando Collor is consecrated as the youngest and the first president democratically elected by the people since Jânio Quadros. After the violent election campaign of 1989, Collor begins to face the crises that would lead to his fall after a short mandate. The combination of a very serious economic crisis, lack of political support and judicial battles for corruption scandals, led the country to ungovernability, giving rise to the use of the instrument of impeachment / Após mais de duas décadas de regime ditatorial, Fernando Collor consagra-se como o mais jovem e o primeiro presidente eleito democraticamente pelo povo desde Jânio Quadros. Encerrada a violenta campanha eleitoral de 1989, Collor começa a enfrentar as crises que levariam à sua queda depois de um curto mandato. A conjugação de uma gravíssima crise econômica, com falta de apoio político e batalhas judiciais por escândalos de corrupção levaram o país à ingovernabilidade, dando ensejo à utilização do instrumento do impeachment
287

Crise econômica e despedida coletiva: o direito trabalhista brasileiro está apto a enfrentá-las? / Economic crisis and collective dismissals: is the Brazilian labor law prepared to face them?

Santos, Ariane Joice dos 25 October 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:19:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ariane Joice dos Santos.pdf: 929418 bytes, checksum: 19c414b9af8f3afb531bc76843404074 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-25 / With the failure in the capitalist production process and the 2008 world economic crisis, a deceleration in the market occurred with the resulting retraction in product inventory and credit. The economy s globalization has led the internal market to suffer major impacts in view of the cancellation of contracts entered with international companies, resulting in the reduction of costs though collective dismissals of laborers in various companies in our country. By virtue of absence of regulation in article 7, I, of the Federal Constitution which provides on the protection of the employment relationship against the arbitrary dismissal or dismissal without cause and the denunciation of Covenant 158 in the ILO by Brazil the employers class have been dismissing a considerable number of employees without observing any process prior to such act. The result is the discussion on the validity of such dismissals in the labor courts which, based on the normative force of principles, on international guidelines, on comparative law and the constitutionalizing of private law, which have been declared abusive due to non-observance of the duties connected to the general objective good-faith, such as the duty to negotiate and the right to information. There are no doubts that the parties to this relationship should gather for a social dialogue, aiming at creating mechanisms to avoid collective dismissals such as the preparation of autonomous clauses or, in the impossibility thereof, of procedures to be complied with so as to attenuate the social impact, avoiding great unfair actions in such arena. Therefore, there are prerequisites to be overcome in the Brazilian labor law, form the point of view of social efficacy of collective bargaining, either by the fact that the union freedom has not fully reached the free and democratic organization, or by the fact of the persisting normative power of the Labor Justice / las? Com a falha no processo de produção capitalista e a crise econômica mundial de 2008, houve desaceleração no mercado e consequente estoque de produtos e retração do crédito. A globalização da economia fez com que o mercado interno sofresse grandes impactos ante o cancelamento de contratos firmados com empresas internacionais, ensejando a redução de custos a partir da demissão coletiva de trabalhadores em diversas companhias em nosso país. Em virtude da ausência de regulamentação do artigo 7º, I, da Constituição Federal, que trata da proteção da relação de emprego contra a despedida arbitrária ou sem justa causa e da denúncia da Convenção 158 da OIT pelo Brasil, a classe patronal tem dispensado parcela considerável de trabalhadores sem observar qualquer processo prévio a esse ato. O resultado é a discussão sobre a validade de tais despedidas no judiciário trabalhista que, com base na força normativa dos princípios, nas diretrizes internacionais, no direito comparado e na constitucionalização do direito privado, as tem declarado abusivas por inobservância dos deveres anexos da cláusula geral da boa-fé objetiva como o dever de negociar e o direito à informação. Não há dúvidas de que as partes dessa relação devem se aproximar para um diálogo social, visando a criar mecanismos através da elaboração de cláusulas autônomas para evitar o despedimento coletivo ou, em caso de impossibilidade, de procedimentos a serem observados no sentido de amenizar o impacto social, fazendo com que injustiças maiores não ocorram nessa esfera. Para tanto, existem pressupostos a serem superados no direito trabalhista brasileiro, da ótica da eficácia social da negociação coletiva, quer pelo fato de a liberdade sindical ainda não ter atingido plenamente a organização livre e democrática, quer pelo fato de persistir o poder normativo da Justiça do Trabalho
288

Sob clima tenso: crise estrutural, mudanças institucionais e deslocamento do eixo político e econômico em Minas Gerais 1920/1940

Barros, Nicélio do Amaral 30 March 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sob clima tenso.pdf: 792240 bytes, checksum: 58265f185a13eefd48f7c43f51decdcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-30 / In this paper the shift of the political and economical axis of coffee production of the zona da Mata, in the state of Minas Gerais, during the 1930 s and the way it was prevailed over by the central metallurgical region, mainly directed to iron and steel industry, is analyzed. The study starts from the theoretical analysis of three basics aspects: a) the shock of the 1929 crisis, which led to changes in the economic policy in most Latin-American countries; b) the economic policy of the brazilian government from 1920 through 1930; and c) the modus operandi of brazilian upper classes concerning president Vargas s project of industrialization during the 1930 s. Next, changes are analyzed which occurred in the urban and industrial sectors of coffee economy, centered in Juiz de Fora, in the zona da Mata, during the 1920 s and 1930 s, especially during the post-1920 period. In order to reach this aim, primary sources are analyzed, such as bankruptcy proceedings of business corporations and limited companies in the industrial, financial and comercial sectors. Lastly, an effort was made to identify the rise of the bourgeoisie in Belo Horizonte, the capital city of the Minas Gerais, during the post-1930 period. The project, as well as the accomplishment of this class so as to secure admittance to the decision areas of Minas Gerais government, are discussed. / O objetivo central desta dissertação é analisar o deslocamento dos eixos político e econômico em Minas Gerais durante a década de 1930. Analisamos como o complexo cafeeiro da zona da Mata foi sobrepujado, neste processo, pela região centro-metalúrgica, especializada no setor siderúrgico. Para tanto, partimos em primeiro lugar da análise teórica de três aspectos fundamentais para se chegar ao foco do estudo: a) os impactos da crise internacional de 1929, fato que influenciou em mudanças na política econômica da maioria dos países latino-americanos; b) a política econômica do governo brasileiro entre 1920 e 1930 e; c) a ação das elites nacionais diante do projeto varguista de industrialização na década de 1930. Em seguida, abordamos as mudanças ocorridas no segmento urbano-industrial do complexo cafeeiro sediado na cidade de Juiz de Fora, na zona da Mata mineira, durante as décadas de 1920 e 1930, em especial no período pós-1929. Para tanto, são analisadas fontes primárias, como processos de falências de sociedades anônimas e firmas limitadas dos ramos industrial, financeiro e comercial. Por fim, procuraremos detectar a ascensão da burguesia sediada em Belo Horizonte, capital de Minas Gerais, no pós-1930.
289

Analysis of performance management and investment funds multimarket in Brazil / AnÃlise de performance e gestÃo de fundos de investimento multimercados no Brasil

Thiago Alves Nogueira 23 January 2012 (has links)
nÃo hà / This work analyzes the performance graph and quantitative metrics under different gain, volatility, skewness, kurtosis and dynamic performance of portfolios composed of 85 investment funds Hedge in Brazil, vis-Ã-vis the major market benchmarks and traditional options investments. In this context, this empirical study is aligned with Matos e Artur (2011) strategies to address dynamic composition during the period 2005 to 2010, annual basis, containing the 10 winners and 10 funds Loosers. In scenarios characterized by economic boom or recovery of financial markets, the adoption of active strategies in funds winners in performance, equal stakes, provides increases in average earnings, risk reduction associated with diversification and thus increase performance in relation the benchmarks. This evidence is robust to the use of different performance metrics for the selection of funds. The strategy proposed activity is such that the investor bets each year in the 10 funds with better performance (winners) in Calmar, in Sharpe, Treynor and Sortino in. Analyses were also the same strategy, but buying the 10 funds with the worst performance (Loosers). According to the results, the annual ranking of Hedge Funds is very robust to changes in the performance metric used. The portfolios consist of the winners have funds throughout the period accumulated higher real earnings, the real gain around 25% higher than that obtained by the Savings and about 16% of funds portfolios Loosers. During the pre-crisis real earnings ranged between winners and Loosers during the period between the different portfolios, while in times of crisis real earnings of the Fund winners were around 35% higher than those obtained by the Funds Loosers. Noteworthy is the high performance, in absolute terms, with funds of winners portfolios compared to the savings, as well as the superiority in relation to portfolios with funds Loosers, a robust evidence consequence of technical expertise winners of funds and high risk exposure funds Loosers. / Este trabalho analisa o desempenho sob as mais diversas mÃtricas de ganho, volatilidade e performance de portfÃlios dinÃmicos compostos por 85 fundos de investimento Multimercado no Brasil, vis-Ã-vis os principais benchmarks de mercado e opÃÃes tradicionais de investimentos. Neste contexto, este estudo empÃrico està alinhado a Matos e Artur (2011), ao abordar estratÃgias de composiÃÃo dinÃmica, durante o perÃodo de 2005 a 2010, com frequÃncia anual, contendo os 10 fundos winners e os 10 fundos Loosers. Em cenÃrios econÃmicos caracterizados por boom ou mesmo recuperaÃÃo dos mercados financeiros, a adoÃÃo de estratÃgias ativa em fundos winners em performance proporciona aumentos de ganhos mÃdios, reduÃÃo de risco associada à diversificaÃÃo e, consequentemente, melhor desempenho em relaÃÃo a benchmarks. Esta evidÃncia à robusta ao uso de diferentes mÃtricas de performance para seleÃÃo dos fundos. A estratÃgia ativa proposta, à tal que, o investidor aposta a cada ano nos 10 fundos com melhor performance (winners) em Calmar, em Sharpe, em Sortino e em Treynor. Analisa-se, tambÃm, a mesma estratÃgia, porÃm comprando os 10 fundos com pior performance (Loosers). Segundo os resultados, o ranking anual dos fundos Multimercados à robusto à mudanÃa na mÃtrica de performance usada. Os portfÃlios compostos pelos fundos winners possuem durante todo o perÃodo ganhos reais acumulados superiores, com o ganho real em torno de 25% superior ao obtido pela PoupanÃa e cerca de 16% das carteiras compostas pelos fundos Loosers. Durante o PerÃodo prÃ-crise os ganhos reais entre winners e Loosers oscilaram durante todo o perÃodo entre as diferentes carteiras, enquanto que no perÃodo de crise os ganhos reais dos Fundos winners ficaram em torno de 35% superiores aos obtidos pelos Fundos Loosers. Destaca-se o alto desempenho, em termos absolutos, dos portfÃlios com fundos winners quando comparados com a poupanÃa, assim como a superioridade com relaÃÃo aos portfÃlios com fundos Loosers, uma evidÃncia robusta consequÃncia da expertise tÃcnica dos fundos winners e da elevada exposiÃÃo ao risco dos fundos Loosers.
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A Copa do Mundo de 2014: Brasil entre cidades de exceção e cidades rebeldes / The World Cup 2014: Brazil between exceptional cities and rebel towns

Carvalho, Mauricio Costa de 13 March 2015 (has links)
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a realização da Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014 no Brasil, levando em consideração não apenas seus legados e impactos mais evidentes, mas principalmente compreendendo-a como parte substantiva da dinâmica mais geral do modo de produção capitalista em sua relação com as cidades-sede, os lugares. Como maiores eventos do planeta, as Copas apresentam-se como veículos passageiros e particulares do processo de totalização do capitalismo, sendo simultaneamente matrizes parciais do tempo e do espaço desse período histórico marcado pela crise econômica internacional. Nesse movimento, tendo os lugares como espaços finais de sua realização, esses megaeventos deixam marcas profundas; promovem a qualificação de uma determinada fração do tempo no qual ocorrem, determinados pelas necessidades do capital de se reproduzir lucrativamente, algo complexo nesse momento crítico. A totalidade, essa trama de eventos emaranhada entre as necessidades e possibilidades concretas dos lugares, ganha novos desenhos nas cidades a partir do contato com a agenda estabelecida pelo megaevento. Desde 2007, quando o Brasil foi escolhido como sede do Mundial e a crise econômica já aparecia no horizonte dos Estados Unidos e da Europa, as cidades brasileiras vivem a realidade desta agenda crítica pautada pela Federação Internacional de Futebol (FIFA). Tendo como pano de fundo as estratégias rígidas das corporações patrocinadoras e interessadas no evento, promove-se um verdadeiro estado de emergência para o atendimento das normas e padrões FIFA. Tomadas por uma avalanche de obras e negócios imobiliários desvinculados de planos estratégicos associados às necessidades mais sentidas da população, as cidades-sede tornam-se experimentos de novas formas de privatização e espoliação, sob o regime de leis de exceção e violações de direitos. Tal dinâmica imposta às cidades da Copa como um todo é manifesta de forma evidente na elaboração de uma nova centralidade na Região Metropolitana de Recife por meio da construção do grande empreendimento imobiliário Cidade da Copa, a partir do novo estádio construído para o evento. Trata-se pois, da eclosão no Brasil de uma crise fundamentalmente urbana que, se por um lado estrutura verdadeiras cidades de exceção, no outro vértice promove também a força criativa das resistências. Como demonstraram as manifestações urbanas multitudinárias de junho de 2013 e os protestos ininterruptos que se seguiram a elas, a revanche dos lugares à agenda da Copa pode estruturar também cidades rebeldes como legados. / This dissertation aims to examine the implementation of the World Cup 2014 in Brazil, taking into consideration not only its legacy and most obvious impacts, but mostly understanding it as a substantive part of the wider dynamics of the capitalist way of production in its relationship with the host cities, the places. As some of the biggest events on the planet, the World Cups are presented as individual and transitory vehicles of the aggregation process of capitalism, while being simultaneous matrices of time and space during this historical period marked by global economic crisis. In this movement, having spaces as the places of their full realization, these mega events leave deep marks; they promote the qualification of a certain fraction of the time in which they occur, determined by the needs of capital to play profitably, something complex during this critical moment. The totality, this \"web of events\" tangled between the concrete needs and possibilities of places, gains new designs in cities from contact with the agenda set by the mega event. Since 2007, when Brazil was chosen to host this event and the economic crisis had already appeared on the North American and European horizon, Brazilian cities are living the reality of a critical agenda guided by the International Football Federation (FIFA). In the background of the rigid strategies of the sponsors and corporations interested in the event, a true state of emergency is promoted to meet norms and \"FIFA standards\". Taken by an avalanche of construction sites and real state negotiations unrelated to strategic plans that take into account the needs of the population, the host cities become experiments in new forms of privatization and dispossession, under the regime of emergency laws and rights violations. Such dynamics - imposed on the World Cup cities as a whole - is clearly manifested in the drafting of a new central location in the metropolitan area of Recife through the construction of large real estate project called \"Cidade da Copa\", around the stadium built for the event. This is the outbreak in Brazil of a fundamentally urban crisis, where on the one hand \"cities of exception\" are structured, and in another vertex a creative power of resistance is also promoted. As demonstrated in the multitudinous urban protests of June 2013 and the uninterrupted protests that followed them, the requital that took places in host cities can also structure \"rebellious cities\" as legacies.

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