What space does the mind occupy? A standard response to this question might be to locate the mind within the brain. However some argue that our mental processes also extend beyond the boundaries of the brain. Gallagher & Zahavi (2008) have termed these two views of the mind: internalism and externalism. In cinema, the role of editor as mediator between the cognitive activities of filmmakers, audiences and the editing equipment, makes their practice particularly suited for investigating these two seemingly incompatible views. When editors cut or join chunks of sound and image, they assemble externally what some would recognise internally as the mind’s fluctuations between one object of attention and the next. Their activities reveal a side of cinema, but also of the mind, which is usually hidden from view. The purpose of this thesis will therefore be to show how studying the process of editing contributes to our understanding of the relationship between mind and world. In order to address the question of where the editor’s mental processes are located, this study applies a phenomenographic methodology. Rather than attempt to understand cognition from a preconceived or objectively constituted position, phenomenography starts by examining variation in how a group of individuals view a particular process. This leads toward research findings that are presented from a ‘second-order perspective’ (Marton, 1981). In this thesis an understanding of how audiovisual material is selected and sequenced is revealed through fourteen interviews with British editors and directors. From the analysis of these interviews a framework emerged of five critical interrelated ways to approach the editing process. This evidence suggests that the cognitive process occurs in virtue of an editor’s physical activities, the editing equipment, plus a broader network of social and cultural relations that support the filmmaking environment. Refuting the belief that the mind is separate from the world, the editor’s mental processes are to be found distributed amongst a variety of internal and external features of their environment. The outcome of this thesis is a phenomenographic perspective on the editing process. This, I conclude, will help to inform cognitive scientists of the kinds of mental processes that editors are aware of. It also provides a wider audience of scholars with a framework for further research on variation in the process and practice of editing.

Condition based maintenance is becoming increasingly popular in many industrial contexts, offering substantial savings and minimising accidental damage. When applied to rotating machinery, its most common tool is vibration analysis, which relies on well-established mathematical models rooted in the theory of cyclo-non-stationary processes. However, the extraction of diagnostic information from the real world vibration signals is a delicate task requiring the application of sophisticated signal processing techniques, tailored for specific machines operating under restricted conditions. Such difficulty in the current state of the art of vibration analysis forces the industry to apply methods with reduced diagnostic capabilities but higher adaptability. However in doing so most of the potential of vibration analysis is lost and advanced techniques become of use only for academic endeavours. The aim of this document is to reduce the gap between industrial and academic applications of condition monitoring, offering ductile and automated tools which still show high detection capabilities. Three main lines of research are presented in this document. Firstly, the implementation of stochastic resonance in an electrical circuit to enhance directly the analog signal from an accelerometer, in order to lower the computational requirements in the next digital signal processing step. Secondly, the extension of already well-established digital signal processing techniques, cepstral prewhitening and spectral kurtosis, to a wider range of operating conditions, proving their effectiveness in the case of non-stationary speeds. Thirdly, the main contribution of the thesis: the introduction of two novel techniques capable of separating the vibrations of a defective component from the overall vibrations of the machine, by means of a threshold in the amplitude spectrum. After the separation, the cyclic content of the vibration signal is extracted and the thresholded signals provide an enhanced detection. The two proposed methods, phase editing and amplitude cyclic frequency decomposition, are both intuitive and of low computational complexity, but show the same capabilities as more sophisticated state of the art techniques. Furthermore, all these tools have been successfully tested on numerically simulated signals as well as on real vibration data from different machinery, lasting from laboratory test rigs to wind turbines drive-trains and aircraft engines. So in conclusion, the proposed techniques are a promising step toward the full exploitation of condition based maintenance in industrial contexts.

A produção de proteínas terapêuticas recombinantes compreende moléculas complexas e de alto valor agregado, incluindo a enzima glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Sua deficiência resulta na Doença de Gaucher, passível de tratamento por meio da terapia de reposição enzimática. A forma ativa da GCase recombinante usada na terapia apresenta resíduos terminais de manose expostos no seu perfil de glicosilação. Perfil este que espera-se ser reproduzido por meio da construção de uma linhagem de Pichia pastoris com um padrão de glicosilação humanizado, por meio da deleção de dois genes envolvidos no sistema de glicosilação da levedura: alg3 e och1, responsáveis pela posterior hiper-manosilação característica desse organismo. Assim, a expressão da GCase será usada como modelo no desenvolvimento desta linhagem de Pichia pastoris que permita a expressão de glicoproteínas com um perfil humanizado específico de glicosilação. Além da produção da linhagem mutante pela técnica de CRISPR/Cas9, propomos a construção de duas linhagens controle: uma expressando a proteína GCase para análise do seu padrão selvagem de glicosilação em P. pastoris e outra expressando a proteína Cas9 de Streptoccocus pyogenes (SpCas9). A linhagem P. pastoris/GCase foi construída testando-se duas sequências sinal de secreção diferentes: fosfatase alcalina (PHO1) e albumina humana (Alb). Resultados de western blot mostraram a GCase no lisado celular e baixos níveis de proteína secretada no sobrenadante de cultura, sendo mais expresso na linhagem contendo a sequência PHO1. A linhagem P. pastoris/SpCas9 foi construída e a enzima SpCas9 foi detectada via western blot no lisado celular após indução com metanol. Para a produção da linhagem com padrão de glicosilação humanizado propôs-se a deleção dos genes alg3 e och1 e a inserção, pela via de reparo por recombinação homóloga (HDR), de marcas de resistência aos antibióticos higromicina ou canamicina. Para tal, propusemos a construção de dois vetores finais de expressão do sistema CRISPR/Cas9 em P. pastoris, cada um contendo a enzima SpCas9 e os RNAs guia (gRNAs) para deleção do gene alg3 ou och1, e também a construção de dois fragmentos para HDR contendo o gene de resistência ao antibiótico flanqueado por regiões de 1Kb de homologia com a região de deleção do gene alg3 ou och1. A construção dos vetores e fragmentos para HDR foram inicialmente feitas por meio de técnicas de clonagem clássica. No entanto, apesar de inúmeras tentativas, resultados de PCR e sequenciamento mostraram o insucesso das construções. Partiu-se então para a técnica de Gibson Assembly®, através da qual os dois fragmentos para HDR foram construídos. Porém, os vetores de expressão contendo SpCas9 e os gRNAs ainda apresentam dificuldades na sua construção. Esforços ainda estão sendo feitos para a construção dos vetores e consequente tentativa de estabelecimento das linhagens mutantes. O sucesso no estabelecimento de um sistema de expressão de proteínas heterólogas com este padrão de glicosilação humano específico permitirá a obtenção e possível comercialização da GCase em sua forma terapêutica. Além disso, permitirá possíveis edições genômicas futuras para um padrão de maior complexidade de glicosilação humanizado, criando uma plataforma nacional para produção de outras glicoproteínas terapêuticas de interesse biotecnológico. / The production of therapeutic recombinant protein comprises complex and high valued molecules, including the glucocerebrosidase enzyme (GCase). Its deficiency results in Gaucher Disease, susceptible of treatment by enzymatic replacement therapy. The active form of recombinant GCase employed in therapy presents exposed terminal mannose residues in its glycosylation pattern. We hope to reproduce such pattern by constructing a Pichia pastoris strain with a specific human glycosylation pattern through the deletion of two genes involved in yeast glycosylation system, alg3 and och1, responsible for the final hyper-mannosylation characteristic of this organism. Therefore, the expression of GCase will be a case model for the development of the recombinant Pichia pastoris strain that could allow the expression of glycoproteins with a specific humanized glycosylation profile. Despite the establishment of the mutant strain using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique, we propose the construction of two control strains: one expressing the GCase protein for analysis of its wild type glycosylation pattern and another one expressing the Cas9 protein from Streptoccocus pyogenes (SpCas9). The P. pastoris/GCase strain was constructed testing two different secretion signal sequences: alkaline fosfatase (PHO1) and human albumin (Alb). Western blot results have shown GCase in cell lysate and in low expression levels in culture supernatant, being more expressed in the strain containing the PHO1 signal sequence. P. pastoris/SpCas9 strain was constructed and SpCas9 enzyme was detected via western blot in cell lysate after the induction with methanol. To produce the strain with the humanized glycosylation pattern, the deletion of alg3 and och1 genes was proposed along with the insertion, by homology directed repair pathway (HDR), of hygromycin and kanamycin antibiotics resistance marks. In order to do so, we have proposed the construction of two final expression vectors of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in P. pastoris, each one containing SpCas9 enzyme and the guide RNAs (gRNAs) for deletion of alg3 or och1, and also the construction of two fragments for HDR containing the antibiotics resistance gene flanked by 1Kb regions of homology with the deleted regions of alg3 or och1. Vectors and HDR fragments constructions were initially performed using classic cloning techniques. However, despite numerous tries, PCR and sequencing results have shown the failure of the constructions. Then, we moved on to the Gibson Assembly® technique, through which the two HDR fragments were built. Still, the expression vectors containing SpCas9 and the gRNAs presented difficulties in its assembly. Efforts continue to be made to successfully construct the remaining vectors and to establish the mutant lineage. Success in the establishment of a heterologous protein expression system with specific human glycosylation pattern will allow the obtainment and possible commercialization of the therapeutic form of GCase. Furthermore, it will also allow possible future genomic editing to a high complexity human glycosylation pattern, creating a national platform for the production of other therapeutic glycoproteins of biotechnological interest.

The term 'Retinitis pigmentosa' (RP) represents a group of inherited, late-onset diseases characterised by progressive retinal degeneration due to photoreceptor death. Mutations in the RP2 gene are found in 7-18% of patients with X-linked RP, one of the most severe forms. The RP2 gene product is a membrane-associated protein which encompasses two distinct domains. The N-terminal domain is well characterised as possessing GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards the small GTPase ARL3 and thus regulate the transport of lipid-modified proteins within the photoreceptor cell. However, it is not known if the loss of this particular function of RP2 is the sole reason that causes the disease, while the role of the protein's C-terminus remains unknown. This thesis focuses on the characterisation of two novel protein-protein interactions of RP2 with the aim to investigate novel roles of the protein. Firstly, evidence is provided that a highly-conserved cluster of RP2 residues that span both the N- and C-terminus participate in direct interaction with Osteoclast-stimulating factor 1 (OSTF1). Two hypotheses are explored about the potential role of the complex in SRC-mediated RP2 phosphorylation and the regulation of cell motility. Secondly, the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA PK) is identified as a novel interaction partner of RP2 in cultured cells. The two proteins are shown to co-localise in the nuclear and membrane compartments of a retinal-derived cell line and might engage in a kinase-substrate relationship. So far, no evidence was found that RP2 participates in the canonical function of DNA PK which is the regulation of DNA double-stranded breaks. Finally, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing method was applied on zebrafish embryos to generate a novel vertebrate animal model for the loss of RP2 function. One out of three different zebrafish lines with rp2 mutations was shown by histology to have mild late-onset thinning of the photoreceptor outer segments. The present thesis reports previously unexplored aspects of RP2's function and will, therefore, contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie RP. Moreover, this thesis will contribute to the discussion about the usefulness of zebrafish as an RP model.

The serine/arginine-rich (SR-) family proteins constitute a diverse group of pre-mRNA splicing factors that are essential for viability. They can be characterised based on the presence of one or two RRMs and an RS domain. A subset, of which SRSF1 is the prototype, is capable of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling; a process governed by continual cyclic phosphorylation of the RS domain. In contrast, SRSF2, another member of the SR family, is unable to shuttle due to the presence of a nuclear retention sequence (NRS) at the C-terminus of its RS domain. When this NRS is fused to SRSF1, it prevents nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the SRSF1-NRS fusion protein. In addition to its nuclear roles, SRSF1 is directly associated with the translation machinery and can activate mRNA translation of target transcripts via an mTOR-dependent mechanism. The specific mRNA translational targets that SRSF1 serves to regulate encode numerous factors including RNA processing factors and cell-cycle proteins. The aim of this work is to study the physiological relevance of SRSF1 cytoplasmic functions, as previous data have relied on overexpression systems. CRISPR/Cas9 editing was used to knock-in the NRS naturally present in SRSF2 at the SRSF1 genomic locus, creating an SRSF1-NRS fusion protein. After numerous attempts, it was only possible to obtain a single viable homozygous clone in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), despite being able to successfully tag the genomic SRSF1 locus. This strongly suggests that the ablation of SRSF1 shuttling ability is highly selected against in mESCs. To assess the physiological importance of SRSF1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling during development, a mouse model for SRSF1-NRS was also developed. SRSF1-NRS homozygous mice are born at correct Mendelian ratios, but are small in size and present with severe hydrocephalus. Finally, proteomics was used to identify interactors of endogenous cytoplasmic SRSF1 and those that bind the NRS of SRSF2 to gain insights into the mechanism of nuclear retention for non-shuttling SR proteins. In summary, this work analyses the physiological relevance of cytoplasmic SRSF1 function and the consequences of the SRSF1-NRS allele in mouse development.

創意媒體研究中，圖像/視頻再藝術作為有表現力的用戶定制外觀的創作手段受到了很大關注。交互設計中，特別是在圖像空間只有單張圖像或視頻輸入的情況下，運用計算機輔助設計虛擬地再渲染關注物體的風格化外觀來實現紋理替換是很強大的。現行的紋理替換往往通過操作圖像空間中像素的間距來處理紋理扭曲，原始圖像中潛在的紋理扭曲總是被破壞，因為現行的方法要麼存在由於手動網格拉伸導致的不恰當扭曲，要麼就由於紋理合成而導致不可避免的紋理開裂。圖像/視頻拼貼畫是被發明用以支持在顯示畫布上並行展示多個物體和活動。隨著數字視頻俘獲裝置的快速發展，相關的議題就是快速檢閱和摘要大量的視覺媒體數據集來找出關注的資料。這會是一項繁瑣的任務來審查長且乏味的監控視頻並快速把握重要信息。以關鍵信息和縮短視頻形式為交流媒介，視頻摘要是增強視覺數據集瀏覽效率和簡易理解的手段。 / 本文首先將圖像/視頻再藝術聚焦在高效紋理替換和風格化上。我們展示了一種交互紋理替換方法，能夠在不知潛在幾何結構和光照環境的情況下保持相似的紋理扭曲。我們運用SIFT 棱角特徵來自然地發現潛在紋理扭曲，並應用梯度深度圖復原和皺褶重要性優化來完成扭曲過程。我們運用GPU-CUDA 的並行性，通過實時雙邊網格和特徵導向的扭曲優化來促成交互紋理替換。我們運用基於塊的實時高精度TV-L¹光流，通過基於關鍵幀的紋理傳遞來完成視頻紋理替換。我們進一步研究了基於GPU 的風格化方法，並運用梯度優化保持原始圖像的精細結構。我們提出了一種能夠自然建模原始圖像精細結構的圖像結構圖，並運用基於梯度的切線生成和切線導向的形態學來構建這個結構圖。我們在GPU-CUDA 上通過並行雙邊網格和結構保持促成最終風格化。實驗中，我們的方法實時連續地展現了高質量的圖像/視頻的抽象再藝術。 / 當前，視頻拼貼畫大多創作靜態的基於關鍵幀的拼貼圖片，該結果只包含動態視頻有限的信息，會很大程度影響視覺數據集的理解。爲了便於瀏覽，我們展示了一種在顯示畫布上有效並行摘要動態活動的動態視頻拼貼畫。我們提出應用活動長方體來重組織及提取事件，執行視頻防抖來生成穩定的活動長方體，實行時空域優化來優化活動長方體在三維拼貼空間的位置。我們通過在GPU 上的事件相似性和移動關係優化來完成高效的動態拼貼畫，允許多視頻輸入。擁有再序核函數CUDA 處理，我們的視頻拼貼畫爲便捷瀏覽長視頻激活了動態摘要，節省大量存儲傳輸空間。實驗和調查表明我們的動態拼貼畫快捷有效，能被廣泛應用于視頻摘要。將來，我們會擴展交互紋理替換來支持更複雜的具大運動和遮蔽場景的一般視頻，避免紋理跳動。我們會採用最新視頻技術靈感使視頻紋理替換更加穩定。我們未來關於視頻拼貼畫的工作包括審查監控業中動態拼貼畫應用，並研究含有大量相機運動和不同種視頻過度的移動相機和一般視頻。 / Image/video restyling as an expressive way for producing usercustomized appearances has received much attention in creative media researches. In interactive design, it would be powerful to re-render the stylized presentation of interested objects virtually using computer-aided design tools for retexturing, especially in the image space with a single image or video as input. The nowaday retexturing methods mostly process texture distortion by inter-pixel distance manipulation in image space, the underlying texture distortion is always destroyed due to limitations like improper distortion caused by human mesh stretching, or unavoidable texture splitting caused by texture synthesis. Image/ video collage techniques are invented to allow parallel presenting of multiple objects and events on the display canvas. With the rapid development of digital video capture devices, the related issues are to quickly review and brief such large amount of visual media datasets to find out interested video materials. It will be a tedious task to investigate long boring surveillance videos and grasp the essential information quickly. By applying key information and shortened video forms as vehicles for communication, video abstraction and summary are the means to enhance the browsing efficiency and easy understanding of visual media datasets. / In this thesis, we first focused our image/video restyling work on efficient retexturing and stylization. We present an interactive retexturing that preserves similar texture distortion without knowing the underlying geometry and lighting environment. We utilized SIFT corner features to naturally discover the underlying texture distortion. The gradient depth recovery and wrinkle stress optimization are applied to accomplish the distortion process. We facilitate the interactive retexturing via real-time bilateral grids and feature-guided distortion optimization using GPU-CUDA parallelism. Video retexturing is achieved through a keyframe-based texture transferring strategy using accurate TV-L¹ optical flow with patch motion tracking techniques in real-time. Further, we work on GPU-based abstract stylization that preserves the fine structure in the original images using gradient optimization. We propose an image structure map to naturally distill the fine structure of the original images. Gradientbased tangent generation and tangent-guided morphology are applied to build the structure map. We facilitate the final stylization via parallel bilateral grids and structure-aware stylizing in real-time on GPU-CUDA. In the experiments, our proposed methods consistently demonstrate high quality performance of image/video abstract restyling in real-time. / Currently, in video abstraction, video collages are mostly produced with static keyfame-based collage pictures, which contain limited information of dynamic videos and in uence understanding of visual media datasets greatly. We present dynamic video collage that effectively summarizes condensed dynamic activities in parallel on the canvas for easy browsing. We propose to utilize activity cuboids to reorganize and extract dynamic objects for further collaging, and video stabilization is performed to generate stabilized activity cuboids. Spatial-temporal optimization is carried out to optimize the positions of activity cuboids in the 3D collage space. We facilitate the efficient dynamic collage via event similarity and moving relationship optimization on GPU allowing multi-video inputs. Our video collage approach with kernel reordering CUDA processing enables dynamic summaries for easy browsing of long videos, while saving huge memory space for storing and transmitting them. The experiments and user study have shown the efficiency and usefulness of our dynamic video collage, which can be widely applied for video briefing and summary applications. In the future, we will further extend the interactive retexturing to more complicated general video applications with large motion and occluded scene avoiding textures icking. We will also work on new approaches to make video retexturing more stable by inspiration from latest video processing techniques. Our future work for video collage includes investigating applications of dynamic collage into the surveillance industry, and working on moving camera and general videos, which may contain large amount of camera motions and different types of video shot transitions. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Li, Ping. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-121). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Main Contributions --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Overview --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Efficient Image/video Retexturing --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Related Work --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3 --- Image/video Retexturing on GPU --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Wrinkle Stress Optimization --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Efficient Video Retexturing --- p.24 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Interactive Parallel Retexturing --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.35 / Chapter 2.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.41 / Chapter 3 --- Structure-Aware Image Stylization --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2 --- Related Work --- p.46 / Chapter 3.3 --- Structure-Aware Stylization --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Approach Overview --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Gradient-Based Tangent Generation --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Tangent-Guided Image Morphology --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Structure-Aware Optimization --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- GPU-Accelerated Stylization --- p.58 / Chapter 3.4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.61 / Chapter 3.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.66 / Chapter 4 --- Dynamic Video Collage --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2 --- Related Work --- p.70 / Chapter 4.3 --- Dynamic Video Collage on GPU --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Activity Cuboid Generation --- p.75 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Spatial-Temporal Optimization --- p.80 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- GPU-Accelerated Parallel Collage --- p.86 / Chapter 4.4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.90 / Chapter 4.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.100 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Chapter 5.1 --- Research Summary --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2 --- Future Work --- p.104 / Chapter A --- Publication List --- p.107 / Bibliography --- p.109

Tendo atuado no meio artístico e intelectual brasileiro do segundo pós-guerra até o fim da década seguinte, o veneziano Ruggero Jacobbi (1920-1981) foi um destacado crítico, tradutor e difusor da literatura brasileira, especialmente do drama e da lírica. A pesquisa procura, na perspectiva dos Estudos Descritivos da Tradução, recorrer ao instrumental da crítica genética aplicado à grandiosa tradução Invenzione di Orfeo, trabalho que lhe teria tomado décadas de dedicação, a partir da obra maior do poeta nordestino Jorge de Lima. O levantamento de documentos em acervos na Itália permitiu a consolidação de um dossiê genético a partir do qual se discute o processo tradutório no bojo da atuação brasilianista de Jacobbi. Os nomes do poeta Murilo Mendes e da filóloga Luciana Stegagno Picchio surgem no estudo como frequentes coadjuvantes deste que talvez tenha sido o empreendimento mais ambicioso do amigo. Antes da reconstituição crítico-genética, no entanto, apresenta-se a fulgurante presença da obra lírica do poeta alagoano no distante país peninsular, desde a primeira figuração por obra de Giuseppe Ungaretti até as investidas exegéticas fundamentais de Stegagno Picchio. Para tanto, por sua vez, apresenta-se e se discute a trajetória geral, brasileira e, depois, brasilianista de Ruggero Jacobbi, com atenção ao legado relativo à lírica nacional, que culmina no objeto maior desta dissertação. Entre a teatralização engajada da Litania dos Pobres de Cruz e Sousa para uma montagem brechtiana apresentada no Teatro Brasileiro de Comédia (TBC) em 1950 e a publicação póstuma do grande exemplo de transcriação, guia-nos o espírito crítico marxista-gramsciano e impuro de um intelectual marcado pelo ecletismo e pela contundência inconformista, formado em meio aos herméticos florentinos da era fascista e movido a refratar sua expressão insone em poesia, em teatro, no cinema, no diário, no ensaio, na crítica, na historiografia literária, na antologia e na tradução. / Since the Venetian Ruggero Jacobbi (1920-1981) acted in the Brazilian artistic and intellectual world from the second postwar until the end of the next decade, he was an important literary critic, translator and diffuser of the Brazilian literature, especially of the drama and lyric poetry. This research aims, in the Descriptive Translation Studies perspective, to use tools from the genetic editing (critique génétique) and apply them to the magnificent translation Invenzione di Orfeo, which work supposedly took some decades of dedication, of the most important work of the Brazilian northeastern poet Jorge de Lima. The process of gathering documents in documentary archives in Italy allowed the make of a genetic dossier, with which it was possible to discuss the translation process, in the Brazilianist works of Jacobbi. The names of the poet Murilo Mendes and of the philologist Luciana Stegagno Picchio appeared in this research because they have shared with Jacobbi the experience of carrying out the most ambitious project of his professional life. Before of the critical-genetic reconstitution, however, there was the brightening glow: the reception of the poetic work of the Alagoan poet in the peninsular country, which includes since the first manifestation made by Giuseppe Ungaretti until the fundamental exegetical attempts of Stegagno Picchio. Before this phase, there was the presentation of the Brazilian and Brazilianist trajectory of Ruggero Jacobbi, and then the discussion on this subject, with special attention to his legacy to the national lyric poetry, which culminated on what, is the main object of this work. In the journey from the political dramatization of Litania dos Pobres (from the poem by Cruz e Sousa) into a Brechtian play presented in the Brazilian Comedy Theater (Teatro Brasileiro de Comédia TBC) in 1950, to the posthumous publication of the great example of transcreation, the guide to us is this impure and marxist-gramscian critic spirit of an intellectual marked by the eclecticism and by the nonconformist force, shaped between the hermetic Florentines of the fascist era, a spirit which was moved to reflect his insomniac expression in the poetry, in the drama, in the filmmaking, in the diaries, in the essays, in the literary criticism, in the literary historiography, in the anthology and in the translation.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:24:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa busca refletir sobre o pensamento desenvolvido acerca do cinema, do arquivo e da memória pelas imagens do filme Nós que aqui estamos por vós esperamos. O filme de Marcelo Masagão representa um novo tipo de audiovisual, que surge e é possibilitado pelos novos suportes tecnológicos de imagens. A abordagem que faço das imagens de arquivo aproxima-as da duração audiovisual. O pensamento aqui desenvolvido parte de dentro de um filme, através dos devires presentes nas imagens de arquivo montadas no fluxo, para engendrar diferentes sentidos na sua montagem / This research seeks to reflect the thought developed by the images departed from the film Nós que aqui estamos por vós esperamos concerning Film, Archive and Memory. Marcelo Masagão’s film represents a new kind of audiovisual that arises and is made possible through the new technological supports of images. The approach I make on archive images brings them closer to the audiovisual duration. The thought developed here starts from inside a film through the becomings that are present in the archive images edited in the flow in order to breed different meanings in its editing

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grasiele Sousa.pdf: 2196263 bytes, checksum: 6114ca6dbe9c2b9792b31056632382a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research proposes an analysis of amateur videos on beautification practices posted on the YouTube platform placed in the Internet. The authors of these videos are women of different ages and various social classes. They share their opinions on the strategies and beautification products in a very personal way in front of the camera. This all happens in a homemade movie set, usually in their sleeping room. Other places can also be the set, so that all things can be done in an informal atmosphere, more suitable to a direct and friendly conversation with the audience . YouTube is a platform for sharing videos that became popular in a short period. Since the mid 2000s it won thousands of users across the globe. Something comparable to the range of previous forms of communication for the purpose of audiovisual broadcasting and television, except for the fact that now we are talking about a type of interaction in which we are all potentially transmitters and receivers of information. In this work, we will give attention to some aspects of the way these videos are being produced and what seemed, to some extent: be related to an inherited experience of communication on television; happen as a way to update beautification practices of the past (like the so called beauty meetings ); be a way to produce subjectivities through a "self-editing process." The research grows from a sampling of the videos (more qualitative than quantitative) the construction of a logbook and a survey on the literature of the history of YouTube, the language of video, television and today's consumer society / A presente pesquisa baseia-se na análise de vídeos amadores sobre práticas de embelezamento postados na plataforma YouTube. Mulheres de idades e classes sociais variadas são as autoras desses vídeos. Diante da câmera, elas compartilham suas opiniões acerca das estratégias e produtos do embelezamento de forma bastante pessoal. Isso tudo acontece, num set de filmagem caseiro, geralmente no quarto. Outros lugares também podem servir de cenário, contanto que tudo possa ser realizado num clima informal, mais propício a uma conversa direta e amigável com a audiência. O YouTube é uma plataforma de postagem e compartilhamento de vídeos que popularizou-se em pouco tempo. Desde meados dos anos 2000, ele conquistou milhares de usuários pelo globo, algo comparável ao alcance de formas anteriores de comunicação com propósito de difusão audiovisual como a televisão. Só que agora, estamos falando de um tipo de interação em que somos todos potencialmente emissores e receptores de informação. Neste trabalho, daremos atenção a alguns aspectos relacionados ao modo como esses vídeos vem sendo produzidos e que nos pareceu, em alguma medida: ter relação com uma experiência herdada da comunicação pela televisão; acontecer como uma forma de atualização de práticas de embelezamento de antigamente (como os encontros de beleza); ser uma forma de fabricar subjetividades por meio de uma edição de si . A pesquisa se desenvolve a partir de uma amostragem dos vídeos, (mais qualitativa que quantitativa) da construção de um diário de bordo e de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a história do YouTube, da linguagem do vídeo, da televisão e da atual sociedade de consumo

L’édition du génome repose sur la création de cassures double brin à un endroit précis du génome à l’aide de nucléases artificielles (ZFN, TALEN, CRISPR/Cas9) et sur les différents systèmes de réparation que la cellule va mettre en place pour réparer ces dommages. Les deux systèmes de réparation principaux sont le NHEJ (Non Homologous End Joining) et la RH (Recombinaison Homologue). Le NHEJ consiste en une ligation directe des extrémités de la coupure pouvant induire de petites insertions ou délétions avant la ligation. Ces mutations, si elles sont introduites dans un exon, vont modifier le cadre de lecture et pouvoir inactiver le gène cible (Knock Out). La RH permet la réparation de la cassure en recopiant les informations présentes sur la chromatide soeur. Si un ADN exogène comportant des homologies avec la séquence à réparer est inséré avec les nucléases artificielles, la cellule peut le prendre comme matrice de réparation, il est ainsi possible d’insérer n’importe quelle mutation ou transgène de manière précise (Knock In). Ici, différentes stratégies ont été développées pour optimiser ces approches d’édition du génome. Le couplage du domaine Nter de la protéine CtIP à la nucléase Cas9 permet d’augmenter le taux d’insertion par homologie d’un transgène au site de coupure. Le couplage de l’exonucléase Trex2 à la nucléase Cas9 nickase permet quant à lui d’augmenter le taux de mutation après coupure. Ces nouvelles approches peuvent être largement utilisées et permettent de faciliter l’édition du génome. / Genome editing relies on the ability of artificial nucleases (TALEN or CRISPR/Cas9 system) to induce double strand break into a precise and unique sequence in a whole genome and on the different DNA repair system. The two major DNA repair systems are NHEJ (Non Homologous End Joining) and HR (Homologous Recombination). NHEJ consists on DNA end direct ligation. This system can lead to deletion or insertion at the cut site. These mutations, when induced in an exon, can induce reading frame change and gene inactivation (Knock out). HR consists on the use of sister chromatid to copy lost information in order to complete the double strand break. If an exogenous DNA with homologies with the targeted DNA is inserted with artificial nucleases, it can be used as a template and can permit to introduce any transgene at the cut site (Knock In). In this work, different strategies were used to optimize genome editing. By fusing Nter part of CtIP to Cas9, the KI rate of an exogenous DNA is increased and by fusing Trex2 exonuclease to Cas9, the mutation rate induced is also increased. These two approaches can be widely used to improve genome editing strategies.