An electronic DCT questionnaire, which was specially designed, pilot-tested, and refined, served as the chief instrument. Thirty students participated in the study and formed three cultural groups: ten native English-speaking American students (NS), ten Hong Kong Chinese learners of English (HKCLE) and ten Mainland Chinese learners of English (MLCLE). They completed the e-DCTs online and participated in stimulated recall sessions afterwards in which they were prompted to recall their thought processes while on task. Six American professors evaluated and commented on a random sample of the e-mails (30% of the corpus). The e-mail data were coded with a modified version of the CCSARP (Cross Cultural Speech Acts Realisation Patterns) manual; open-coding and thematic analysis were applied to the stimulated recalls and recipient feedback, with the aid of NVivo 8. / Concerning the interlanguage aspect of the requests, the major findings were: In making status-unequal requests to their professors, students from all three cohorts tended to be indirect in general. The two learners' groups demonstrated a fairly strong pragmalinguistic control in realising specific indirect requesting strategies with a variety of forms; they relied heavily on the conventionally indirect strategy of Query Preparatory (QP). By contrast, NSs exhibited greater flexibility in their strategy choices, which ranged from very direct to indirect. The CLEs were particularly weak in employing certain syntactic devices as downgraders; to compensate, they made excessive use of lexical/phrasal modifiers and external mitigating moves to soften the requestive force. / MLCLEs were found to always be the least confident group in terms of their language use, as compared to the HKCLE group, which was the most confident. The measurements of power difference and social distance were rather approximate among the three cohorts. NSs were more apt to lessen the power distinction and stress the mutuality of 'showing respect', whereas CLEs were inclined to accentuate unequal power distributions, and emphasise the hierarchical asymmetry. Imposition degree was found to be the most dynamic of the three variables. The reasons for its use were multi-faceted, encompassing diverse affective, cognitive, and social factors. / The audience (American professors) perceived that the students were both direct and polite in making requests. The NSs were found to be the most polite and most satisfactory group in terms of their linguistic production. (Mis)matches were identified between the expectations of the e-mail writers and their receivers. Case analyses revealed disparity in student performance and variations in their developmental progress in terms of pragmalinguistic competence, sociopragmatic awareness, and intercultural communicative competence. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications are discussed. Finally, the thesis concludes with suggestions for future studies. / The present study investigated the speech act realisation of requests in student-professor e-mail communication at a university in Hong Kong. This mixed-method study employed an electronic version of DCTs (Discourse Completion Tasks), stimulated recalls, and audience judgements to investigate the verbal behaviour of both native speakers of English and non-native speakers (Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese) who were students at the university. / Pan, Ping. / Advisers: Gwendolyn Gong; Jane Jackson. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-03, Section: A, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 348-363). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Thesis (M. Tech. (Office management & Technology)) -- Vaal University of Technology / The primary objective of this research project was primarily to investigate filing methods and mailing practices in the computer support or administrative environment with specific focus on the abuse of paper. The research design consisted of an exploratory investigation in selected Higher Education Institutions in the Province of Gauteng whereby a structured questionnaire was used as a measuring instrument. The investigation was sub-divided into two categories, namely, paper-based filing systems and mailing systems as opposed to electronic filing and mailing systems. In the empirical findings, analysis and interpretations, correlation and cross-tabulation were done on all sets of variables in order to determine whether any meaningful associations could be found. With reference to the title of this study "Combating the corporate paper war: optimising electronic mail and electronic filing", it has been proven that the war against paper abuse is far from over. Perceptions regarding a future paperless office and assumptions that technology such as the electronic mail facility and electronic filing could assist organisations to combat paper abuse were unfounded, due to a lack of guidance and control measures in the corporate environment. Consequently, it is recommended that an e-filing and e-mailing model be created and followed in conjunction with specified computer software features in order to counteract the abuse of paper. Follow-up research could focus on electronic filing methods versus scanning of documents for filing purposes.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries / Department: Computer Science.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Communication

Wendy E. Mackay ... [et. al.]. / "October 1988." / Includes bibliographical references (p. 12).

O estudo trata das normas - princípios e regras - da questão do monitoramento do correio eletrônico corporativo, fornecido pelo empregador ao empregado, como ferramenta de trabalho. Após breve exposição sobre o desenvolvimento e avanço tecnológico na área da informática, é abordado o impacto da era virtual nas relações de trabalho. Na segunda parte se faz referência aos direitos e princípios constitucionais que tutelam empregados e empregadores e as colisões desses princípios. No terceiro capítulo examinam-se os direitos fundamentais no contrato de trabalho, os problemas de compatibilização dos direitos de empregados e empregadores, o princípio da proporcionalidade e a solução do conflito desses princípios. No quarto capítulo se examina, perfunctoriamente, a questão do monitoramento dos equipamentos eletrônicos em outros países, algumas decisões judiciais de nossos Tribunais que fizeram alusão direta ou indireta às questões ligadas ao monitoramento dos equipamentos eletrônicos dos empregados e se apontam as soluções pesquisadas na doutrina com vistas a minimizar possíveis violação de direitos fundamentais dos empregados. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-12T19:38:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Elisabete Schneider.pdf: 1197621 bytes, checksum: 903edf1a54087d217fc0484314220394 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-12T19:38:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Elisabete Schneider.pdf: 1197621 bytes, checksum: 903edf1a54087d217fc0484314220394 (MD5) / This study treats the electronic mail norms monitoring - principles and rules, supplied by the employer to the employee as a tool work. After a brief exposition about the development and technological advance in the informatics area, the impact of the virtual age on the working relationships is approached. In the second part, a reference on the rights and constitutional principles which manage employers and employees is done. On the third chapter, the fundamental rights on the working contract, the compatibility problems between the rights of the employers and employees, the proportionality principle and the solution of the conflict of such principles are approached. The fourth chapter brings the monitoring on the electronic equipments in other countries issue, some judicial decisions of our tribunals which have done direct or indirect allusion to the issues related to the employees electronic equipments monitoring. This chapter also points out the solutions researched in the doctrine with the objective of minimizing possible fundamental rights violations in the working relationships.

O estudo trata das normas - princípios e regras - da questão do monitoramento do correio eletrônico corporativo, fornecido pelo empregador ao empregado, como ferramenta de trabalho. Após breve exposição sobre o desenvolvimento e avanço tecnológico na área da informática, é abordado o impacto da era virtual nas relações de trabalho. Na segunda parte se faz referência aos direitos e princípios constitucionais que tutelam empregados e empregadores e as colisões desses princípios. No terceiro capítulo examinam-se os direitos fundamentais no contrato de trabalho, os problemas de compatibilização dos direitos de empregados e empregadores, o princípio da proporcionalidade e a solução do conflito desses princípios. No quarto capítulo se examina, perfunctoriamente, a questão do monitoramento dos equipamentos eletrônicos em outros países, algumas decisões judiciais de nossos Tribunais que fizeram alusão direta ou indireta às questões ligadas ao monitoramento dos equipamentos eletrônicos dos empregados e se apontam as soluções pesquisadas na doutrina com vistas a minimizar possíveis violação de direitos fundamentais dos empregados. / This study treats the electronic mail norms monitoring - principles and rules, supplied by the employer to the employee as a tool work. After a brief exposition about the development and technological advance in the informatics area, the impact of the virtual age on the working relationships is approached. In the second part, a reference on the rights and constitutional principles which manage employers and employees is done. On the third chapter, the fundamental rights on the working contract, the compatibility problems between the rights of the employers and employees, the proportionality principle and the solution of the conflict of such principles are approached. The fourth chapter brings the monitoring on the electronic equipments in other countries issue, some judicial decisions of our tribunals which have done direct or indirect allusion to the issues related to the employees electronic equipments monitoring. This chapter also points out the solutions researched in the doctrine with the objective of minimizing possible fundamental rights violations in the working relationships.

Orientador: Akedo Yamakami / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T13:44:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Almeida_TiagoAgostinhode_D.pdf: 1582584 bytes, checksum: 8a444adaf46219a5200a75deb26be781 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Nos últimos anos, spams têm se tornado um importante problema com enorme impacto na sociedade. A filtragem automática de tais mensagens impõem um desafio especial em categorização de textos, no qual a característica mais marcante é que os filtros enfrentam um adversário ativo, que constantemente procura evadir as técnicas de filtragem. Esta tese apresenta um estudo abrangente sobre o problema do spamming. Dentre as contribuições oferecidas, destacam-se: o levantamento histórico e estatístico do fenômeno do spamming e as suas consequências, o estudo sobre a legalidade do spam e os recursos jurídicos adotados por alguns países, a análise de medidas de desempenho utilizadas na avaliação dos filtros de spams, o estudo dos métodos mais empregados para realizar a filtragem de spams, a proposta de melhorias dos filtros Bayesianos através da adoção de técnicas de redução de dimensionalidade e, principalmente, a proposta de um novo método de classificação baseado no princípio da descrição mais simples auxiliado por fatores de confidência. Vários experimentos são apresentados e os resultados indicam que a técnica proposta 'e superior aos melhores filtros anti-spams presentes tanto comercialmente quanto na literatura. / Abstract: Spam has become an increasingly important problem with a big economic impact in society. Spam filtering poses a special problem in text categorization, in which the defining characteristic is that filters face an active adversary, which constantly attempts to evade filtering. In this thesis, we present a comprehensive study of the spamming problem. Among many offered contributions we present: the statistical and historical survey of spamming and its consequences, a study regarding the legality of spams and the main juridic methods adopted by some countries, the study and proposal of new performance measures used for the evaluation of the spam classifiers, the proposals for improving the accuracy of Naive Bayes filters by using dimensionality reduction techniques and a novel approach to spam filtering based on the minimum description length principle and confidence factors. Furthermore, we have conducted an empirical experiments which indicate that the proposed classifier outperforms the state-of-the-art spam filters. / Doutorado / Automação / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2017-10-30T18:41:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_valter_luis_avellar.pdf: 994697 bytes, checksum: 8a7c4d72cde2ac22232572eeb0972492 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T18:41:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_valter_luis_avellar.pdf: 994697 bytes, checksum: 8a7c4d72cde2ac22232572eeb0972492 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-21 / This research aims at understanding why so many people use Internet e-mail in order to divulge positive attitudes, positive values, optimism, wisdom, spirituality and meaning of life messages. What does motivate them and which are the effects in their lives? Departing from a humanistic and spiritual messages exchange group experience, we will deal with some aspects regarding to this Internet phenomenon. In order to focus sociability through network, we will employ Cyberspace, Cyberculture and Collective Intelligence concepts. The propagation of faith will be made through Mystic and Sacred optic. Transdisciplinarity will work as support for interreligious dialogue that becomes, by itself, evident. And, at least, we will analyze therapeutic effects, through a kind of human knowledge, denominated Logotherapy. / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo entender o porquê de tantas pessoas se utilizarem do e-mail para divulgar mensagens de atitude positiva, valores positivos, otimismo, sabedoria, espiritualidade e sentido da vida. O que as motivam e quais são os efeitos em suas vidas? Partindo da experiência de um grupo de troca de mensagens humanísticas e espirituais, abordaremos alguns aspectos sobre esse fenômeno da Internet. Para o enfoque da sociabilidade em rede, utilizaremos os conceitos de Ciberespaço, Cibercultura e Inteligência Coletiva. A propagação da fé terá uma ótica da Mística e do Sagrado. A Transdisciplinaridade servirá de suporte para o diálogo inter-religioso que se evidencia. E analisaremos os efeitos terapêuticos através de uma forma de conhecimento humano denominado Logoterapia.

Email communication within a diverse workplace poses intercultural communication challenges (Martin & Nakayama, 2007). This study aims to make a contribution to the literature by examining how these challenges can be addressed through email computer training. For this study, I set out to understand and demonstrate how, within the instructional design process, contextualized curriculum can be created that integrates intercultural competency and email proficiency. This thesis includes a draft of an instructional plan and course outline for an email computer class that focuses on developing intercultural awareness and skills in the context of an email training course. First, I examined email computer curricula, specifically the topics, course goals, and course objectives common to the curricula. As a result of this examination, I discovered that email training is limited to the technical aspects of email communication. Additionally, I surveyed intercultural communication professionals about intercultural topics applicable to email communication. Their survey responses indicated cultural differences account for some, but not all email workplace challenges. For example, they believed it is important to address intercultural elements like low vs. high context when writing an email message, and power distance and levels of formality when writing greetings and closings. Additionally, their feedback indicated that it is important to address direct vs. indirect communication styles when writing the main point and linear vs. circular cognitive styles when organizing text within an email. I incorporated their perspectives in my course outline. Finally, experts from the fields of instructional design, intercultural communication, and computer training reviewed a draft of the plan and outline. Although their feedback indicated that the premise and approach were sound and achievable, they differed in their evaluation of specific elements of the course. In general, their perspectives reflected their professional focus. For example, they either recommended a stronger focus on the technical aspects or a stronger focus on the intercultural aspects of the course design. Detailed comments pertained to the fine-tuning of the objectives, timing of the individual lessons, and other instructional elements needed for any polished professional course outline