Située dans une perspective d’anglais de spécialité et adoptant des outils d’analyse de discours, cette thèse vise à contribuer à la caractérisation du discours environnemental entendu comme un discours spécialisé. Résultat d’une conception changée de notre environnement, les mouvements de pensée, les pratiques et les discours qui se développent dans le but de sa protection, préservation ou régénération font partie du domaine spécialisé environnemental. Ce domaine émergent, ainsi que ses composants principaux, sont définis dans cette thèse.La première partie de notre thèse présente une vision globale du domaine et de son discours. Les concepts centraux de mouvement environnemental, d’environnementalisme, d’écologie et d’écologisme y sont analysés. Nous offrons ensuite une définition du concept de discours environnemental en partant du contenu des travaux faits par différents auteurs sur cet objet et en aboutissant à la prise en compte de ses spécificités grâce aux outils élaborés dans le cadre des études d’anglais de spécialité. La deuxième partie s’attache plus particulièrement aux discours et aux pratiques des organisations au Royaume-Uni. Dans ce contexte culturel particulier, nous présentons les principales organisations qui ont un rôle à jouer dans le domaine environnemental et décrivons leurs principaux discours de communication dans le domaine en nous interrogeant notamment sur les nouveaux genres de discours, les termes spécialisés et les pratiques discursives récurrentes. L’organisation interne du domaine est également considérée avec la présentation d’une typologie des organisations et des relations entretenues entre elles ainsi que du rôle et de la spécificité des experts dans le domaine. Cette étude est complétée dans une troisième partie par une analyse descriptive d’un genre de discours jouant un rôle prééminent dans le domaine : les rapports sur la responsabilité sociale des organisations. Après avoir présenté son contexte d’apparition et sa fonction principale, nous nous interrogeons sur la représentation des acteurs du domaine offerte par l’étude de ce genre puis sur les phénomènes de normalisation générique de ces rapports d’un point de vue diachronique. / With an English for Specific Purposes perspective and adopting the methodological tools of discourse analysis, this thesis explores the characteristics of environmental discourse considered as a specialized type of discourse. As a result of a change of conception of our environment, the trends of thinking, the practices and discourses that are developing, with the aim of contributing to the protection, preservation, or regeneration of the environment have become part of the specialized domain referred to as environmental. This emerging domain and its main components are defined in this thesis.The first part of the thesis presents a global vision of the domain and of its discourse. The central concepts of the environmental movement, environmentalism, ecology and ecologism are analyzed. A definition of the concept of environmental discourse is then offered, starting with the presentation of the content of various authors' work on the object and concluding with the identification of its specificities thanks to tools elaborated in the French school of English for Specific Purposes. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the discourses and practices of organisations in the UK. We present, within this specific cultural context, the main organisations that have a role to play in the environmental domain and describe their principal environmental communication discourses with a particular focus on new genres, specialized terms and recurrent discursive practices. The internal organisation of the domain is also considered with the presentation of a typology of organisations, of the relations they maintain as well as of the role and specificities of environmental experts.The study is completed in a third part by a descriptive analysis of a genre that plays a decisive role in the domain: reports on corporate social responsibility. After having presented the context in which this type of report emerged and its main function, we question the way these reports represent the main actors of the domain and the existence and influence of generic norms in a diachronic perspective.

Social movements are mobilization groups of stakeholders who seek to change the status quo, given the unfavorable conditions regarding their demands, rights, warrants, etc. As a fundamental effect of the change, social movements become leading actors of institutional change. One of these effects is given in the environmental issues, in the use, control, legislation and appreciation of nature. The insurgent policies developed by these movements are, in the current context of globalization and development of information technology and communication, the center of analysis in this paper, focusing on the U.S. environmental movement. We, therefore, believe that insurgent policies determine the beginning of institutional change. / Los movimientos sociales son grupos movilizados de actores sociales que buscan cambiar el status quo dadas las condiciones no favorables en relación con sus demandas, derechos, garantías,etc. Como efecto fundamental de dicho cambio, los movimientos sociales se constituyen como actores protagónicos del cambio institucional. Uno de estos efectos se da en el tema ambiental, en el uso, control, legislación y valoración de la naturaleza. Las políticas insurgentes que desarrollan dichos movimientos serán, en el actual contexto de la globalización y desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, el centro de análisis de este documento, enfocándose en el movimiento ecologista de Estados Unidos. Por tanto, creemos que las políticas insurgentes determinan el inicio del cambio institucional.

Práce se zabývá vývojem ekologického hnutí v Československu. Svoji pozornost zaměřuje především k vývoji ekologických iniciativ a ekologického diskurzu v době komunistické nesvobody a v době celospolečenských změn v listopadu 1989 do období rozpadu Občanského fóra v roce 1991. Nedílnou součástí je rovněž analýza vzniku a vývoje Strany zelených, která se stala předmětem scénářů a pokusů o provedení politických reforem v rámci komunistického režimu. Cílem práce je zjistit, jak téma ochrany přírody rezonovalo především v oblasti opozičních a režimních struktur a jaký osud jej následoval v období porevolučního vývoje následovaný otázkou, proč došlo k postupnému úpadku ekologického povědomí ve společnosti. Ke splnění cíle práce byla využita metoda orální historie, jež zprostředkovává pohledy oslovených narátorů - pamětníků problematiky úlohy ekologické karty. Tímto přístupem se snaží nahradit především chybějící archivní materiály. Formou obsahové analýzy a komparace se práce pokouší srovnávat procesy probíhající v západní Evropě s ekologickou tématikou v Československu. Práce se oborově nachází na pomezí historie, politologie, ale také sociologie, přičemž zdůrazňuje akcent historicko-politologický. Ze závěru práce vyplývá, že ekologická karta v rámci československé společnosti získala silnou tradici,...

(English) By the time the liberals triumphantly proclaimed the end of history, some environmentalists started to mobilize the public against western modernity by proclaiming the end of nature. For many people, the environmentalist agenda meant a new ideology that could exceed the classical ones; many, on the other hand, understood environmentalism as radically anti-ideological. In this thesis, I'll focus on the relationship between nature and society that lies in the core of both, environmental thought and modern emancipatory projects. I'll try to expose the inherent contradictions that the environmental discourse inherited from liberalism and Marxism.

I den här uppsatsen görs en jämförelse mellan två aktörer på den klimatpolitiska arenan, den svenska staten och miljörörelsen. Syftet är att jämföra och analysera aktörernas syn på klimatfrågan med särskilt fokus på säkerhetisering och klimaträttvisa i ljuset av ekologisk modernisering som dominerande diskurs i det klimatpolitiska samtalet. Genom en diskursanalys av Sveriges första klimatpolitiska handlingsplan samt textmaterial från Svenska Naturskyddsföreningen och Extinction Rebellion visar denna studie på hur frågor om säkerhet och rättvisa nedprioriteras i statens sätt att prata om klimatfrågan. Detta förstås utifrån att ekologisk modernisering alltmer blivit den dominerande diskursen i svensk klimatpolitik. Det är i jämförelsen med miljörörelsens sätt att prata om klimatfrågan som detta blir som tydligast. / In this thesis, a comparison is made between two actors in the climate policy arena, the Swedish state and the environmental movement. The purpose is to compare and analyze the actors’ perspectives on the climate issue, with a particular focus on securitization and climate justice in the context of ecological modernization as the dominant discourse in the climate policy conversation. Through a discourse analysis of Sweden’s first climate policy action plan, as well as textual material from two different environmental groups in Sweden, Naturskyddsföreningen and Extinction Rebellion, this study demonstrates how issues of security and justice are deprioritized in the state’s discourse of climate issue. This finding is understood in the light of ecological modernization as the dominant discourse in Swedish climate policy. It is in the comparison with the environmental movement’s way of talking about the climate issue that this becomes most evident.

本研究は、トルコで40年以上にわたり続く反原発運動の特徴や戦略を分析するとともに、環境運動がトルコの民主化過程において果たした役割を考察したものである。社会運動研究の枠組みを採用し、運動参加者の用いる表現など文化的側面にも注目して、運動のフレーミング戦略を分析した。反原発運動は自らを「自由と民主主義を求める運動」としてフレーミングし、運動スタイルの祝祭性や創造性を通じて、運動過程においても民主的空間を予示的政治として実現させていることを明らかにした。 / This study evaluates the role of environmental movements in Turkey’s democratization process, with a specific focus on anti-nuclear movement, which has continued since the middle of the 1970s. To analyze the anti-nuclear movement’s features and strategy, this study uses theories of social movement and flaming analysis, focusing on how the movement appeals to the public and expresses itself. This study found out that the anti-nuclear movement in Turkey flames itself as a movement for freedom and democracy. Besides, as prefigurative politics, the movement embodies freedom and democracy within the ongoing practice of the movement through its festival-like style and creativity. / 博士(グローバル社会研究) / Doctor of Philosophy in Global Society Studies / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

The study “The Mobilization of Civil Disobedience” intends to shed light on how environmental movements frame climate change issues, present solutions and mobilize climate action through their communication on the social media platform Instagram. This study will examine the case of Återställ våtmarker (Restore wetlands), a Swedish movement known for its civil disobedience protests. The study’s theoretical framework consists of Collective action frames, Core framing tasks, and Emotional frames. The qualitative content analysis method is used to analyze the content together with the multimodal analysis tools of modality, lexical choices, denotation, and connotation to analyze both textual and visual modes.   The analysis showed that the organization makes a unique case by communicating strong emotions and opinions through its Instagram content. The main issue is explained as excavated wetlands that produce huge amounts of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. The cause of the issue was claimed to be the lack of action from the Swedish government, and they are also argued to be responsible for restoring the wetlands and saving the climate. However, the organization strongly emphasizes the Swedish citizens' democratic and civil responsibility to fight climate change and engage in protests. Occasionally, the organization even blames individual citizens for not prioritizing climate change or saving their children’s futures. The motivational reasons to act are made by an apocalyptic doom narrative, where the climate crisis is explained as urgent and as an ongoing catastrophe or a future “climate hell”. Despite the presence of moral emotions, such as guilt and shame, the organization sometimes offers a more hopeful motivational framing that citizens' collective action is a powerful and successful way to pressure politicians to act.

This study investigated how the age of an environmental movement organisation and its degree of institutionalisation impacted the usage of threat-related framing and blame attribution in regards to environmental issues. Environmental discourse has lately developed a rhetoric that embraces urgency and severity, but how different types of environmental movement organisations have approached this, historically and today, has not been widely studied. A mixed-methods approach was therefore employed that thematically examined texts from the Swedish branch of Extinction Rebellion and The Swedish Society for Nature Conservation at several points in time. The analysis indicated that the degree of institutionalisation had an influence on the organisation’s blame attribution, whilst age did not. Furthermore, no conclusive implications followed the analysis of the organisation’s framings. The study concluded that the degree of institutionalisation is an important factor behind how environmental movement organisations choose their blame attribution. The study provided insights into how institutionalisation affects strategic choices of movement organisations, possibly providing a foundation for future research in the field.

No description available.

No description available.