In Fortführung des im Jahr 2003 ins Leben gerufenen Gemeinschaftsprojektes der ostdeutschen Bundesländer zur Auswertung der Buchführungsdaten ökologisch wirtschaftender Betriebe enthält der Bericht die Ergebnisse des Wirtschaftsjahres 2012/13. Mit 186 Betrieben wurden 6,8 % der Öko-Betriebe in den ostdeutschen Bundesländern analysiert. Diese Betriebe bewirtschafteten 79.174 ha landwirtschaftlich genutzte Fläche und damit 20 % der in den ostdeutschen Bundesländern ökologisch bewirtschafteten Fläche.

Mit der Auswertung von Jahresabschlüssen Schafe haltender Betriebe konnte die Entwicklung identischer Betriebe in Ostdeutschland über neun Jahre beschrieben werden. Seit dem Wirtschaftsjahr 2005/06 nehmen 15 Schafhalter kontinuierlich an der Analyse teil. Ihre durchschnittliche Flächenausstattung ist bis auf das WJ 2010/11 mit ca. 190 ha LF nahezu konstant geblieben. Bis auf die Wirtschaftsjahre 2006/07 und 2010/11 gilt das auch für den Arbeitskräftebesatz. Der Viehbesatz Schafe war tendenziell über den gesamten Analysezeitraum rückläufig. Für die wirtschaftliche Einschätzung der Schäfer im aktuellen Abrechnungszeitraum 2013/14 wurden erstmals Daten aus 14 bayerischen Betrieben zusätzlich einbezogen.

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Background: In many countries, buprenorphine and methadone are licensed for the maintenance treatment (MT) of opioid dependence. Despite many short-term studies, little is known about the long-term (12-month) effects of these treatments in different settings, i.e. primary care-based (PMC) and specialized substitution centers (SSCs). Objectives: To describe over a period of 12 months: (1) mortality, retention and abstinence rates; (2) changes in concomitant drug use, somatic and mental health; and (3) to explore differences between different types of provider settings. Methods: 12-Month prospective-longitudinal naturalistic study with four waves of assessment in a prevalence sample of N= 2694 maintenance patients, recruited from a nationally representative sample of N= 223 substitution physicians. Results: The 12-month retention rate was 75%; the mortality rate 1.1%. 4.1% of patients became “abstinent” during follow-up. 7% were referred to drug-free addiction treatment. Concomitant drug use decreased and somatic health status improved. No significant improvements were observed for mental health and quality of life. When controlling for initial severity, small PMC settings revealed better retention, abstinence and concomitant drug use rates. Conclusion: The study underlines the overall 12-month effectiveness of various forms of agonist MT. Findings reveal relatively high retention rates, low mortality rates, and improvements in most 12-month outcome domains, except for mental health and quality of life. PMC settings appear to be a good additional option to improve access to MTs.

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In Fortführung des seit dem Jahr 2003 bestehenden Gemeinschaftsprojektes der ostdeutschen Bundesländer zur Auswertung der Buchführungsdaten ökologisch wirtschaftender Betriebe enthält der Bericht die Ergebnisse des Wirtschaftsjahres 2013/14. Mit 188 Betrieben wurden 6,9 % der Öko-Betriebe in den ostdeutschen Bundesländern analysiert. Diese Betriebe bewirtschafteten 78.451 ha landwirtschaftlich genutzte Fläche und damit 21 % der in den ostdeutschen Bundesländern ökologisch bewirtschafteten Fläche.

Background The incidence of worsened clinical outcome due to high right ventricular (RV) pacing burden in patients with preserved left ventricular function remains controversial. Objective To investigate the impact of RV pacing on several echocardiographic and spiroergometric parameters. Methods In 60 pacemaker patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) serial echocardiographies and spiroergometries were performed over a time course of 12 months. Additionally, in 48 patients retrospective echocardiographic analyses of the LV- and RV function were carried out up to 24 months after pacemaker implantation. Results The patients were divided into two groups: The high RV pacing burden group (hRVP: ≥ 40%) and the low RV pacing group (lRVP < 40%) according to the definitions in previous randomized MOST and DAVID trials. After a period of 12-month pacemaker therapy no changes to left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), LVEF, E/A-ratio; E/E′-ratio and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) could be revealed, independently of the RV pacing burden. Additionally, after 24-month long term follow-up there were no differences in LVEF and TAPSE in both groups. Accordingly, no relevant changes of peak exercise capacity, ventilatory anaerobic threshold or maximal oxygen consumption could be demonstrated independently of the RV pacing. Conclusions In pacemaker patients with preserved LVEF the burden of RV pacing has no adverse influence on several echocardiographic and spiroergometric surrogate parameters of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy after a follow-up of 12 to 24 month. Despite this, screening for pacemaker induced cardiomyopathy should be performed especially in the presence of new heart failure symptoms.

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Objective: To assess in a prospective trial the influence of the amount of tissue resected at transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic enlargement on the symptom improvement as assessed by symptom scores. Methods: Between December 1996 and August 1998 a total of 138 men (mean age 68.2, range 53–89) with symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement who underwent TURP participated in this prospective study. Patients were assessed preoperatively with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the American Urological Association Bother Score (AUA–BS) and the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Impact Index (BPH–II) as well as urinary flow rate measurements (Qmax) and prostate volume (PV) and residual urine determination by ultrasound. The amount of tissue resected was weighed. Patients were followed with reevaluation of Qmax, residual urine and the symptom and bother scores at 3 and 6 months. Results: A close correlation between preoperative PV (mean 49.0 ml, SD 22.0, range 13–140) and the resected tissue weight (RTW, mean 24.7 g, SD 18.0, range 6–128) was seen (r = 0.75, p<0.001). Age was correlated with preoperative PV (r = 0.23, p<0.05). While significant mean improvements in Qmax, residual volume and IPSS, AUA–BS and BPH–II were found 3 and 6 months postoperatively, a negative correlation was seen between the RTW and the IPSS, the AUA–BS and the BPH–II 3 months after TURP (r = –0.23, p<0.024; r = –0.23, p<0.025; r = –0.20, p = 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was seen between symptom change and the percentage of PV removed or the residual prostatic weight. Classification of the patients into groups depending on preoperative PV (<30, 31–50, 51–70 and >70 ml) showed a tendency for patients with larger PV to gain more symptom improvement postoperatively. Conclusions: Early symptom improvement after TURP will depend on the amount of tissue removed but the relationship is weak and affected by several other confounding factors. Apparently, the symptomatic improvement after TURP is not primarily dependent on the relative completeness of the resection. Patients with larger prostates and larger RTW tend to gain more symptomatic benefit from TURP than do patients with smaller prostates. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.