- Application of the UNCITRALArbitration Rules in practice This master thesis deals with the new trends in arbitration and their applicability by the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules as the most important ad hoc arbitration rules worldwide. The purpose of the master thesis is to clarify how UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules are applied in practice related to the new trends and compared to "rival" institutionalized arbitration rules. The aim of the master thesis is to determine which of these trends can be incorporated in the form of new provisions into the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules and to what extent such an amendment would be beneficial to the "user" of these rules. It is worth noting that the aim of the thesis is not to provide an exhaustive enumeration of all current trends in the arbitration. The thesis is divided into three parts; each part is made up of several chapters. The first part analyzes the basic elements of the arbitration, the differences between institutionalized and ad hoc arbitration as well as the basic elements of the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules. The second part deals with the new trends in arbitration: expedited procedure, summary procedure (summary dismissal) and consolidation of arbitrations. In the introduction, there is a list of all above-mentioned trends in the arbitration. In later...

New trends in international commercial arbitration Summary This thesis deals with two new trends of international commercial arbitration that aim at accelerating its process, namely (1) expedited arbitration and (2) institute of emergency arbitrator, and their capacity to contribute to the speed up of its process. A comparison of current provisions of these trends in arbitration rules of selected permanent international arbitration institutions was used for their analyses. The thesis is comprised of three chapters. In the first chapter, I present significant current trends that should contribute to the speed and higher effectiveness of the international commercial arbitration and identify potential pitfalls of these new trends. Consolidation of arbitration proceedings, electronic communication between the subjects of the proceedings, ethical rules, expedited arbitration and emergency arbitrator are introduced in this chapter. The second chapter further pursues the concept of expedited arbitration. It consists of two parts. The first section provides an analysis of the provisions of expedited arbitration within the arbitration rules of selected permanent international arbitration institutions that are China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Vienna International Arbitral Centre of the...

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One of the objectives of the U.S. government is to balance the individual’s right to privacy and national security interests. Trusted Traveler programs create a risk-based security model where the traveling public is categorized into low or high risk. There are, however, some privacy concerns related to the acceptance of the use of biometric technology in the adoption of expedited security screening procedures in commercial airports. The theoretical construct of this case study of the TSA Pre-Check Program is based on Ajzen and Fischbein’s theory of reasoned action, specifically through Davis’ technology acceptance model. The purpose of this case study was to explore the perceptions of the traveling public regarding the protection of privacy and the use of biometric technologies. Data for this study included 325 social media postings, 50 privacy complaints reported to the Department of Homeland Security between 2009 and 2014, and publicly available data from the Government Accountability Office about expedited screening for the years 2011 – 2014. Data were coded into a priori themes and then subjected to a content analysis procedure. Findings indicate that the traveling public generally support expedited security screening and consent to waiving certain privacy rights in order to facilitate expedited screening. Complaints from travelers were also primarily related to wait times and secondary screening, and not privacy concerns. The positive social change implications stemming from this study include recommendations to the TSA to expand the Trusted Traveler programs such that the primary concern of the traveling public, reduction of wait time is balanced against privacy concerns about the collection of biometric data as part of a measured response to aviation security.

Submitted by Daniele Santos (danielesantos.htl@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T20:07:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Brian Mayhew.pdf: 2184085 bytes, checksum: fde6f5caf45ebd8577ed334ed2f2ebb3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2017-02-22T12:15:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Brian Mayhew.pdf: 2184085 bytes, checksum: fde6f5caf45ebd8577ed334ed2f2ebb3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T12:58:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brian Mayhew.pdf: 2184085 bytes, checksum: fde6f5caf45ebd8577ed334ed2f2ebb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-09 / Biopharmaceutical development is characterized by challenging regulations, intense competition and significant costs that result in the need for biopharmaceutical companies to consistently produce innovation biopharmaceutical products. The United States Congress has sought to provide a balanced environment that combines significant regulatory oversight by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with market-based incentives (patent protection, exclusivity) and expedited pathways (accelerated approval, breakthrough designation, fast track designation, and priority review) that seek to quickly identify and move innovative new medicines through development that will address unmet medical need and treat serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions. While FDA’s expedited programs are believed to accelerate the development of innovative drug products, the programs have not been formally measured against their intended purpose: more efficient development and regulatory reviews. This thesis research project attempts to effectively measure FDA’s expedited programs by cataloguing FDA approvals from 1987-2015, measuring development and regulatory review time, and drawing conclusions and making recommendations based on the statistical analyses generated from the project.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-10-10T13:20:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Andréia Propp Arend_.pdf: 92656160 bytes, checksum: 0a3472ee7d2ccce4b7d2da9e4de30f96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-10T13:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andréia Propp Arend_.pdf: 92656160 bytes, checksum: 0a3472ee7d2ccce4b7d2da9e4de30f96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-22 / Nenhuma / A arbitragem expedita é método adequado e privado de solução de conflitos, com origem internacional e progressivamente adotado no Brasil por força de permissão legislativa e regulamentar, para dirimir questões de baixa complexidade e baixos valores envolvidos. O presente estudo visa a analisar a arbitragem expedita a partir da ótica da Análise Econômica do Direito, como ferramenta para verificação dos custos de transação e de oportunidade na escolha do procedimento a adotar. Para tanto, utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento de dados e análise legislativa e regulamentar. A pesquisa contribui na identificação do procedimento como modalidade de acesso das empresas à arbitragem mediante excelente relação de custo-benefício, a depender da quantidade e qualidade das informações a que as partes se dispuserem a apresentar entre si e ao julgador em um curto espaço de tempo. Como resultado, conclui-se que pela Análise Econômico-Jurídica da Arbitragem Expedita é possível demonstrar que o procedimento expedito se apresenta como ótimo redutor de custos de transação e de oportunidade, trazendo vantagens às partes que necessitam de um julgamento especializado célere, nas causas de baixa complexidade, não sendo indicado adotá-lo nos contratos multipartes. / Expedited arbitration is an appropriate and private method of conflict resolution, with international origin and progressively adopted in Brazil by virtue of legislative and regulatory permission, to resolve issues of low complexity and low values involved. This study aims to analyze expedited arbitrage from the perspective of the Law & Economics, as a tool to verify transaction and opportunity costs in choosing the procedure to adopt. For this purpose, bibliographic research, data collection and legislative and regulatory analysis were used. The research contributes to the identification of the procedure as a way of accessing companies to arbitration through an excellent cost-benefit relationship, depending on the quantity and quality of the information that the parties are willing to present to each other and to the judge in a short time. As a result, it can be concluded that the Economic-Legal Analysis of Expedited Arbitration can demonstrate that the expedited procedure presents itself as an optimal transaction and opportunity cost reducer, bringing advantages to parties who need a speedy specialized judgment in the causes of low complexity, and it is not recommended to adopt it in multiparty contracts.

Cette thèse porte sur le procédé de passerelle entre la conciliation et la sauvegarde, dans une approche comparative droit français, droit OHADA. Le procédé de passerelle permet au chef d’entreprise d’élaborer un plan de redressement dans le cadre de la conciliation, avant de le faire adopter lors d’une sauvegarde accélérée. La présente thèse se subdivise en deux parties. Dans la première partie, un diagnostic est posé pour comprendre les raisons de l’adoption de ce mécanisme de traitement des difficultés des entreprises en droit français, et celles qui pourraient ou non justifier sa reconnaissance en droit OHADA. Il ressort de cette partie que, dans les droits français et OHADA, la rigidité du régime de la cessation des paiements ainsi que l’unanimité obligatoire de l’accord de conciliation constituent un handicap au redressement des entreprises, car le principe d’unanimité donne un droit de véto à chaque créancier. Le procédé de passerelle permet de passer outre l’opposition des créanciers minoritaires qui utilisent ce droit de véto pour faire adopter le projet de redressement du chef d’entreprise par vote majoritaire sur le terrain judiciaire. Dans la deuxième partie, une étude prospective est menée ; le procédé de plan pré-négocié joue un rôle à la fois préventif et curatif : il permet, d’une part, la libre négociation, entre un débiteur et ses créanciers, d’un plan conventionnel de restructuration et, d’autre part, l’anticipation de l’intervention du tribunal pour optimiser l’actif et maîtriser le passif. Le procédé de passerelle est adopté en droit français ; la présente thèse propose une étude de son régime juridique. Il n’est pas reconnu pour le moment en droit OHADA ; son applicabilité y est analysée. Pour l’amélioration de la prévention et du traitement des difficultés des entreprises dans les droits français et OHADA, des pistes sont proposées. Il en est ainsi notamment, d’un côté, de l’adoption des comités de créanciers dans la procédure de conciliation française et, de l’autre, de la reconnaissance du mécanisme de plan pré-négocié, de la réforme du régime de la cessation des paiements et de la spécialisation des tribunaux connaissant des contentieux régis par l’AUPC en droit OHADA. La présente étude, en plus d’apporter une contribution scientifique à l’étude des nouvelles procédures de sauvegarde accélérée en droit français, vise à lancer le débat sur l’opportunité de l’adoption du procédé de passerelle en droit OHADA. L’organisation de la cession pré-arrangée dans le cadre du mandat ad hoc en droit français et l’opportunité de l’adoption d’une telle cession en droit OHADA sont des problématiques qui pourraient faire l’objet d’une recherche. / This thesis focuses on the bridging process between conciliation and safeguarding, in a comparative French law approach, OHADA law. The gateway method allows the entrepreneur to develop a recovery plan in the context of conciliation, before adopting it during an accelerated backup. This thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, a diagnosis is made to understand the reasons of the adoption of this mechanism of treatment of the difficulties of the companies in French law, and those which could or could not justify its recognition in OHADA law. It appears from this section that, in the French and OHADA laws, the rigidity of the system of cessation of payments and the compulsory unanimity of the conciliation agreement constitute a handicap to the recovery of the undertakings, since the principle of unanimity a veto right to each creditor. The gateway process makes it possible to override the opposition of the minority creditors who use this right of veto to get the project of recovery of the head of enterprise adopted by majority vote on the legal ground. In the second part, a prospective study is conducted; The pre-negotiated plan process plays both a preventive and curative role : it allows, on the one hand, the free negotiation, between a debtor and its creditors, of a conventional restructuring plan and, on the other hand, the anticipation of court intervention to optimize assets and control liabilities. The gateway method is adopted in French law; this thesis proposes a study of its legal regime. He is not recognized for the moment in OHADA law ; its applicability is analyzed. For the improvement of the prevention and the treatment of the difficulties of the companies in the French rights and OHADA, tracks are proposed. This is notably the case, on the one hand, of the adoption of the creditor committees in the French conciliation procedure and, on the other, of the recognition of the pre-negotiated plan mechanism, of the reform of the cessation of payments and specialization of courts dealing with disputes governed by the AUPC under OHADA law. This study, in addition to making a scientific contribution to the study of new accelerated safeguard procedures in French law, aims to launch the debate on the appropriateness of the adoption of the OHADA gateway process. The organization of the pre-arranged assignment under the ad hoc mandate in French law and the advisability of adopting such an assignment in OHADA law are issues that could be the subject of research.

One of the main objectives of any legal system is legal certainty, which is understood as the provision of decisions in the work of the courts. To this end, in order to standardize the diversity of decisions of courts for the same conflict, there are meetings of supreme judges who seek to give a unique sense of resolution to the same conflict. Those meetings are called Cassation Plenaries.In this article, the author comments and develops the decision taken at the IX Civil Cassation Plenary. At that meeting a broad criterion of manifested nullity has been chosen, whenever the causal is “easy to warn”. However, throughout the text the author highlights the methodological vices of the Supreme Court to reach this conclusion and, using a legal comparison, proposes a different criterion of manifest nullity, demonstrating that for our legal system this should not be restricted to an “easy to warn” causation. / Uno de los objetivos principales de todo sistema normativo es la seguridad jurídica, la cual se entiende como la previsión de las decisiones en la labor de las cortes judiciales. Con dicho propósito, a fin de uniformizar la diversidad de decisiones de las cortes para un mismo conflicto, existen reuniones de jueces supremos las cuales buscan dar un sentido único de resolución a un mismo conflicto. Aquellas reuniones son denominadas Plenos Casatorios.En el presente artículo, el autor comenta y desarrolla la decisión tomada en el IX Pleno Casatorio Civil. En dicha reunión se ha optado por un criterio amplio de nulidad manifiesta siempre que la causal sea “fácil de advertir”. Sin embargo, a lo largo del texto el autor pone en evidencia los vicios metodológicos de la Corte Suprema para llegar a esta conclusión y, recurriendo a la comparación jurídica, propone un criterio distinto de nulidad manifiesta, demostrando que para nuestro ordenamiento jurídico esta no se debe restringir a una causal “fácil de advertir”.