Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) account for a higher percent of the genome than coding mRNAs, and are implicated in human disease such as cancer, neurological, cardiac and many others. While the majority of ncRNAs involved in disease were originally attributed to a class of RNAs called micro RNAs (miRNAs) with a small size of only about 19 -24 base pairs, emerging research has now demonstrated a class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have a size of over 200 base pairs to be responsible for gene regulation and other functional roles and have also found to contribute to pathogenesis in humans. The increased size and structural complexity require novel tools to study their interactions beyond RNA interference. Synthetic antibodies are classic tools and therapeutics utilized to study and treat proteins involved in human disease. Likewise we hypothesize that structured RNAs can also take advantage of synthetic antibodies to probe their functions and be utilized as therapeutics. Currently, antibodies have been raised against microbial riboswitches and other structured RNAs of single-celled organisms, and only one human structured RNA to the best of our knowledge. However, no one has yet to create a synthetic antibody capable of behaving as a therapeutic against a structured RNA. We therefore sought to raise an antibody Fab against a structured RNA, human initiator tRNA, a model oncogenic non-coding RNA and demonstrate its efficacy in vitro. We then characterized the antibody and explored delivery options in cancer cells including the use of nanoparticle delivery systems. With the emerging transcriptome revealing new ncRNAs implicated in human disease, our research has begun to address a new therapeutic strategy, laying down the foundation for the future of structured RNA-targeted therapies.

No description available.

Proceedings from the Fab 9 Research Stream 9th International Fablab Conference, 21-27 July 2013, Yokohama. / Since 2007, Latin America has incorporated a set of emerging techniques promoted under three initiatives: a) from the experience of Master and Doctoral students who return to their home countries and promote their experience, b) from the external academic experience that goes towards the region, and c) from self-learning. These experiences are developed in an academic area, unlike Europe or the U.S., where they were promoted from and to professional practice, with varying degrees of implementation and effect. Generally speaking, the academic programs of the region lack a policy of inclusion of systematized emerging technologies, and that produces a slow uptake, especially in architecture. On one hand, if educational policies are not stable, equipment investment cannot be stable, and on the other hand, the generation gap between those who promote and those who accept blends into disruption and status quo. Each implementation in the region produces adverse and complex patterns, replicating existing models and seeking alliances with institutions in developed countries. Thus, there are self-help groups, while others incorporate academic, technical and/or commercial supervisions, in principle through the Center for Bits and Atoms (MIT Fab Lab) and McNeel Associates (Rhino Fab Lab). In this research, we evidence evolution and implementation processes in Latin America of the three types of initiatives, analyzing the case study in Peru, which together open up the possibility of moving from a phase of experimentation, trial and error to another that actually promotes local innovation and inclusion.

The growth rate in the field of Computer, which is one of the traditional 3C industries, has been getting slower in recent years, then Communication replaces it and serves as the main driving force to keep the 3C industry growing. The author chooses mobile phone as the main subject of the thesis to analyze since mobile phone is the product which has the largest market share and the greatest potential for growth in the field of Communication. Under current trend development of mobile phone, the thesis aims to analyze and investigate 1)the product architecture of mobile phone; 2) what kind of change it has on the business architecture of mobile phone chip manufacturer; 3) what kind of impact it brings on chip manufacturer which works in concert, i.e. Foundry Fab. The research begins with the analysis of the application terminal of market. The author classifies the mobile phone into two categories, namely, low-end and high-end, and organized the collected information/data about the current market demand of mobile phone, changes of internal mobile phone devices, and requirements on Foundry OEM services. Also, data/info about the strategic activities of leading mobile phone IC chip corporations are collected and organized; the collected data will be presented and analyzed. Finally, the analysis will be the base, which the conclusion will be drawn upon. The study discovers that the original product architecture of mobile phone displays an ¡§integral-closed¡¨ structure; however, under current trend development of mobile phone, the low-end mobile phone had changed into a ¡§modular-closed¡¨ structure, even increasing the ¡§open¡¨ degree. The product architecture of high-end mobile phone is characterized by ¡§integral¡¨ and ¡§modular¡¨ since the specifications of internal devices of high-end mobile phone are more complicated and still not established yet. Moreover, the high-end mobile phone is in the stage of development, together with the addition of new functions, which in turn resulted in a perplexing and uncertain business environment. Therefore, companies often form strategic alliances in order to reduce the risks of developing new products in an unstable business environment. The competition pattern has changed from ¡§firm against firm¡¨ to ¡§alliance against alliance¡¨. Hence, we can tell the impacts resulted from the change of product architecture on business architecture. Finally, the answers of some questions are still cannot be found not due to the limitation of the study. Therefore, a list of unsolved questions is given in the end of the study so as to form an initial lead in the development of a ground for further research.

One potential approach to vaccine development against HIV involves generating an immunogen that can elicit the production of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnmAbs), which target specific sites on the HIV-1 envelope. Using site-directed mutagenesis and ELISA assays, this thesis investigates the idea of a secondary binding site of one of the bnmAbs, 2F5, as suggested by previous studies that identified residues Asp64, Thr65, and Arg82B on 2F5 that are recognized by its anti-idiotypic antibody 3H6. Results show that 2F5 binds only very weakly to the gp41 ectodomain in its post-fusion conformation. However, a small but significant difference was observed between the binding of the mutants and the T-20 peptide, a fusion inhibiting drug. Due to the limited effect, the results need to be confirmed using more quantitative techniques and more optimal conformations of the antigen, but raise the prospect that design of immunogens to elicit HIV-specific antibodies might have to incorporate this novel interaction site.

One potential approach to vaccine development against HIV involves generating an immunogen that can elicit the production of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnmAbs), which target specific sites on the HIV-1 envelope. Using site-directed mutagenesis and ELISA assays, this thesis investigates the idea of a secondary binding site of one of the bnmAbs, 2F5, as suggested by previous studies that identified residues Asp64, Thr65, and Arg82B on 2F5 that are recognized by its anti-idiotypic antibody 3H6. Results show that 2F5 binds only very weakly to the gp41 ectodomain in its post-fusion conformation. However, a small but significant difference was observed between the binding of the mutants and the T-20 peptide, a fusion inhibiting drug. Due to the limited effect, the results need to be confirmed using more quantitative techniques and more optimal conformations of the antigen, but raise the prospect that design of immunogens to elicit HIV-specific antibodies might have to incorporate this novel interaction site.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-07T19:10:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000446978-Texto+Completo-0.pdf: 1507542 bytes, checksum: 9248757bf7ace288dbc4a9f2b4c28e5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / This thesis proposes to analyze how the consumer society has contributed to the economic vulnerability of users of Social Service of Aeronautics Garrison of Porto Alegre (GUARNAE-PA), under the V Regional Air Command, aiming to contribute to the development of educational actions with the objective of reflection on the theme of consumption. For both following specific objectives were delimited: to investigate how the situation of economic vulnerability presents itself as demand for Social Service of GUARNAE-PA; to identify what are the socio-demographic characteristics(gender, age, income, institutional affiliation, educational level) of users in vulnerable economic situation assisted by Social Service; to know if the structure of the COMAER's Social Assistance System enables the Social Service of GUARNAE-PA coping with situations arising from the economic vulnerability of its users and to identify if the actions developed by Social Service of GUARNAE-PA has contributed to cope with this situations. Economic vulnerability understood from the perspective of indebtedness and over-indebtedness. To walk the path of this research we opted for the use of qualitative and quantitative approaches, with emphasis on the first one. The results show that consumption plays the leading role in the lives of research subjects and are associated with the satisfaction of needs, welfare, comfort and status it represents. In this context, we highlight the role of advertising and credit expansion as motivators in the process of borrowing and indebtedness. / A presente dissertação propõe-se a analisar de que forma a sociedade de consumo tem contribuído para a vulnerabilidade econômica dos usuários do Serviço Social, da Guarnição de Aeronáutica de Porto Alegre, no âmbito do V Comando Aéreo Regional, objetivando contribuir para o desenvolvimento de ações educativas que visem à reflexão acerca da temática do consumo. Para tanto se delimitou os seguintes objetivos específicos: investigar como a situação de vulnerabilidade econômica se apresenta enquanto demanda para o Serviço Social da GUARNAEPA; identificar quais são as características sociodemográficas (gênero, idade, renda, vínculo institucional, nível educacional) dos usuários em situação de vulnerabilidade econômica, atendidos pelo Serviço Social; conhecer se a estrutura do Sistema de Assistência Social do COMAER viabiliza ao Serviço Social da GUARNAE-PA o enfrentamento das situações decorrentes da vulnerabilidade econômica dos seus usuários; e identificar como as transformações no mundo do consumo influenciam nas situações de vulnerabilidade econômica dos usuários do Serviço Social; vulnerabilidade econômica entendida sob a ótica do endividamento e do superendividamento. Para percorrer o caminho da pesquisa, optou-se pela utilização das abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, com ênfase na primeira. Os resultados apontam que o consumo ocupa um lugar central na vida dos sujeitos da pesquisa e está associado à satisfação de necessidades, bem-estar, conforto e o status que ele representa. Nesse contexto, destaca-se o papel da publicidade e a expansão do crédito como motivadores do processo de endividamento e superendividamento.

No description available.

No description available.

La moda se mantiene en un cambio constante debido al entorno. Cada temporada los diseñadores crean colecciones y proponen nuevas tendencias que buscan responder las exigencias del público. A lo largo de los años, se ha notado un incremento significativo en el uso de la tecnología por parte de las personas. Es por ello que las nuevas tecnologías se han comenzado a fusionar con el indumento tradicional. En los últimos años, los diseñadores están cada vez más dispuestos a optar por este tipo de técnicas en sus colecciones. Pese a esto, aún se desconoce cómo es que la impresión 3D ha impactado en la industria de la moda en nuestro país. Por consiguiente, la presente investigación tiene como fin responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuál es el impacto de la impresión 3D en la moda en Lima entre el 2016 y 2020? Para resolverlo, se debe conocer el desarrollo de esta tecnología y su definición de manera detallada. De igual manera, se busca describir cómo se aplica la impresión 3D en la moda en Lima. Para ello, se entrevistarán a 8 diseñadores peruanos que han realizado colecciones de moda utilizando esta tecnología. Para esta investigación se utilizará el método cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico. Dicha información se obtendrá mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con preguntas abiertas. Cabe mencionar que la presente investigación aportará un punto de partida como fuente de estudio para diversos proyectos académicos. / Fashion is constantly changing due to the environment. Each season designers create collections and propose new trends that seek to meet the demands of the public. Over the years, there has been a significant increase in the use of technology by people. That is why new technologies have begun to merge with traditional clothing. In recent years, designers are increasingly willing to opt for this type of technique in their collections. Despite this, it is still unknown how 3D printing has impacted the fashion industry in our country. Therefore, this research aims to answer the following question: What is the impact of 3D printing on fashion in Lima between 2016 and 2020? To solve it, you must know the development of this technology and its definition in detail. In the same way, it seeks to describe how 3D printing is applied in fashion in Lima. To do this, 8 Peruvian designers who have made fashion collections using this technology will be interviewed. For this research, the qualitative method with a phenomenological approach will be used. This information will be obtained through semi-structured interviews with open questions. It is worth mentioning that this research will provide a starting point as a source of study for various academic projects.