Établir le contenu spécifique de la philosophie naissante, élucider son essence tout en définissant son champ propre tel est l'objet de cette étude. Le concept Akom, qui rend compte de la doctrine du cosmos, intervient, grâce à l'analogie mécanique, corrme une manière de relève transcendantale, en contraste avec les genres sophiques traditionnels, le mythe notanment. Le système Akom renseigne sur la cristallisation de la terminologie philosophique; idée que la première partie de l'ouvrage met amplement en évidence. L'environnement anthropologique, mythologique et métaphysique qui caractérisa l'émergence de la philosophie est analysé dans la seconde partie. La troisième articulation de l'ouvrage décrit la détresse du concept en formation dans un contexte de crise identitaire. C'est à l'évaluation globale de l'idée de technomorphie comme appareil de la connaissance que s'attèle la dernière articulation de la thèse. Avec l'analogie mécanique qui traduit sa conceptualité, la technanorphie met sur la voie des matériaux éligibles, susceptibles de servir de fondement pour une histoire scientifique de la philosophie africaine.

No description available.

本論文旨在探討南宋古文評點之批評方法及其價值，全文共一冊，約十四萬字。分七 章： 第一章：緒論。分三節，依次為：何謂評點、評點源流概述、研究旨趣與方法。 第二章：呂祖謙與《古文關鍵》、分五節，第一節：呂祖謙生平及《古文關鍵》庂作 成年代。第二、三、四節，依次論述《古文關鍵》之版本、選文特色、評點內容及其 標準。第五節：小結。 第三章：樓昉與《崇古文訣》。第四章：真德秀與《文章正宗》、第五章：謝枋得與 《文章軌範》。亦各分五節，體例與第二章同。 第六章：呂、樓、真、謝四家評點之比較、分三節，依次就編篡目的、選文特色、評 點標準加以比較研究。 第七章：結論。綜述南宋古文評點之特笆與價值。

En se fondant sur un corpus de cérémonies rituelles d’ombwiri collecté dans deux provinces du Gabon, cette thèse discute la pertinence des concepts anthropologiques couramment appliqués aux religions africaines dans leur évolution contemporaine, en particulier ceux dérivant de théories «syncrétistes». Partant d’une méthodologie confrontant les données de terrain aux interprétations qui en ont été tirées par les chercheurs qui ont étudié les rituels religieux du Gabon, l’auteur en arrive à contester la qualité des productions scientifiques consacrées au sujet, considérant que les perspectives développées jusque-là privilégient la seule dimension diachronique des emprunts culturels, font la part belle aux intégrations minoritaires d’éléments occidentaux dans l’invention rituelle traditionnelle, et escamotent finalement le ressort créatif permanent qui rend la production des rituels possible, y compris dans leur intégration d’éléments nouveaux, dussent-ils provenir de l’étranger. Pour cela, il propose le concept alternatif de «correspondances interreligieuses» pour rendre compte de la libre possibilité d’intégrer, à tout moment, et dans des proportions cognitivement encadrées, des éléments de tradition exogène. Il évite ainsi de retomber dans les pièges du colonialisme scientifique qui ne peut s’empêcher d’aliéner la culture colonisée en lui imposant le carcan théorique d’une culture colonisatrice. / Based on an intensive field work related to ombwiri rituals performed in two provinces of Gabon, this dissertation discusses the relevance of common theorisation of African contemporary religions as expressions of syncretism. The author considers that syncretism cannot be applied unilaterally to African rituals, as it might only emphasize the diachronic level in cultural and linguistic borrowing, without outlying the synchronic one which makes the borrowing even possible. More consequently, syncretist theorisation neglects fundamental aspects of ritual creativity and specific empowerment to integrate what it likes or not, including outdoor elements resulting from historical and particularly cross-cultural conjunctions. Therefore, the author suggests to start up with a new conceptual framework of “interreligious correspondences”, so as to prevent scientific productions from colonial recurrent ideologies, and give evidence of cognitive mechanisms which habilitate African minds as others, to go on integrating new with old, extraordinary with ordinary, and all kinds of resources, in a permanent creative dynamism including the indefinite limit that one likes to give to oneself.

by Chau Ho Wai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-140). / Abstract also in Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.vi / CHAPTER / Chapter ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- The Question: How the civil-military relations evolved during the post-Deng era? / Chapter 1.2 --- The Case of the 1996 Taiwan Straits Crisis / Chapter 1.3 --- Framework: Allison's Model of Decision-Making / Chapter 1.4 --- Data and Organization / Chapter TWO --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Non-Communist Regimes / Chapter 2.2 --- Communist Regimes / Chapter 2.3 --- Post-Communist World / Chapter 2.4 --- Military Politics in China / Chapter THREE --- INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PLA: FROM DENG TO POST-DENG ERA --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1 --- PLA in the Deng Era / Chapter 3.2 --- PLA in the Post-Deng Era / Chapter 3.3 --- "Professionalization, Differentiation and Institutionalization" / Chapter FOUR --- ORGANIZATIONAL INTERESTS OF PLA IN THE TAIWAN STRAITS CRISIS --- p.64 / Chapter 4.1 --- The War Games and the Policy Handle / Chapter 4.2 --- Employing the Organizational Process Model / Chapter 4.3 --- Organizational Interests and Demands of the PLA / Chapter 4.4 --- Information Processing of the PLA / Chapter 4.5 --- Resource Acquisitions of the PLA / Chapter FIVE --- BRINGING THE PLA INTERESTS INTO GOVERNMENTAL POLITICS --- p.100 / Chapter 5.1 --- Employing the Governmental Politics Model / Chapter 5.2 --- Perspectives of Jiang Zemin and PLA on the Taiwan Question / Chapter 5.3 --- Political Pulls and Hauls in the Taiwan Straits Crisis / Chapter 5.4 --- Legitimacy and Leadership Succession / Chapter SIX --- CONCLUSION --- p.126 / Chapter 6.1 --- Summary of Findings / Chapter 6.2 --- Prospects of Future Research / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.134

Fang Hui ¡§Ying Kui Lu Sui¡¨ is one of widely discussed literary productions among Tang and Song poems of eight lines collections, which could be viewed in ¡§Ying Kui Lu Sui Literary Criticism¡¨ edited by Li, Qing-Jia; among the most important criticisms are Ping Ban, Ping Hao, Zha Shen-Xing, Ji Yun, and Xu Ying Fang. Xu Ying Fang is one of the most important poets and poetry critics in Yun Na. ¡§Lu Sui Ji Yao¡¨ is edited in the purpose of teaching students during Xu¡¦s late years of being the chairman in Jing Zheng college. This literary production has twelve chapters; the first six chapters are about the poems, which are worthy to be followed, and the later six ones are vice versa. However, Xu passes away before finishing this work. The reason why Xu Ying Fang edits this production bases on the criticism of ¡§Ying Kui Lu Sui¡¨ (written by Fang Hui), and ¡§Ying Kui Lu Sui Kan Wu¡¨ (written by Ji Yun), yet the literary figure of ¡§Lu Sui Ji Yao¡¨ is different from that of Fang Hui. Comparing to the late Qing dynasty, which is prevalent to the movement of Song poetry with Tong-Guang style, Xu Ying Fang¡¦s reflections toward Tang and Song poetry reversely present the most important feature of poetics in Qing Dynasty- neutrality. Xu partially accepts Fang Hui¡¦s proposition of ¡§one ancestor and three predecessors¡¨; and he further advances the idea of lists Li Shang-Yin, and Wang An Shi into the followers of Du Fu. Moreover, he even raises poetics status of Chen Yu Yi above Chen Shih Dao. Therefore, in ¡§Lu Sui Ji Yao¡¨, Du Fu is the most listed poet among Tang Dynasty poets, and Chen Yu Yi is the poet among Song Dynasty poets; the above arrangement is the most vivid poetic feature, which Xu Ying Fong breaks through Fang Hui¡¦s previous propositions. The advantages and weaknesses about poetry appeared among Xu Ying Fong¡¦s literary production are not judaged by times nor poets themselves. His literary criticism is deeply affected by neutral concept and textual research in Qing Dynasty poetics. As a result, ¡§Lu Sui Ji Yao¡¨has been accounted as an important status among the relative works of ¡§Ying Kui Lu Sui¡¨.

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés por el estudio de los volcanes de fango ya que se ha demostrado su frecuente relación con hidrocarburos situados en profundidad. El Golfo de Cádiz, en él que se han descubierto más de 30 volcanes de fango, es una de las zonas más importantes para el estudio de los volcanes de fango y de los procesos sedimentarios, biológicos y bioquímicos asociados a estas estructuras. Relacionados con la actividad de estos volcanes se ha observado la formación de carbonatos autigénicos asociados a la presencia de metano en el sedimento. En esta Tesis Doctoral se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el estudio de carbonatos (costras, brechas y concreciones) pertenecientes a tres zonas del Golfo de Cádiz: la zona de Diasom, dónde se estudian concreciones de los montículos de fango Ibérico, Cornide y Arcos, la zona del Complejo de Volcanes de fango Hespérides (denominada en la presente tesis como Bosta), y el Escarpe Pen Duick, situado en el Complejo de Volcanes El Arraiche. El estudio de estos carbonatos nos ha proporcionado información sobre el origen del metano, ya sea termogénico o biogénico del Golfo de Cádiz, y los procesos bioquímicos implicados en la formación de estos carbonatos.Los objetivos generales definidos para esta tesis son: a) La caracterización de los procesos bioquímicos implicados en la génesis de los carbonatos; b) La identificación de los fluidos parentales de las costras, brechas y concreciones carbonatadas del Golfo de Cádiz, y c) La determinación del origen del metano asociado a la formación de estos carbonatos. Para poder alcanzar estos objetivos se definieron otros más concretos: a) El análisis de la morfología externa y estructuras internas de los carbonatos; b) La caracterización petrográfica, mineralógica y geoquímica de las muestras, c) La identificación de todos los productos diagenéticos (generaciones de cementos, porosidad), d) La datación de los carbonatos y de las generaciones de cementos diagenéticos con el objeto de establecer la secuencia paragenética, y e) La definición y caracterización de los estadios de precipitación observados en cada uno de los tipos de carbonato.Los principales minerales observados en los carbonatos del Golfo de Cádiz son calcita con bajo contenido en magnesio, calcita con alto contenido en magnesio, dolomita, dolomita ferruginosa, ankerita y como minerales accesorios óxidos de hierro (secundarios de pirita preexistente), barita y como componentes terrígenos cuarzo y feldespatos. La actividad biológica de organismos bioturbadores y de organismos bioerosionadores es el principal factor de control tanto para la morfología externa (concreciones de Diasom) como para la morfología o estructura interna (costras de Bosta y costras de Pen Duick) de estos carbonatos. El origen del metano implicado en la mayoría de los carbonatos estudiados del Golfo de Cádiz tiene un origen termogénico y solamente en el caso de las costras de Pen Duick y en escasas concreciones del montículo de fango Ibérico y Cornide (zona Diasom) se ha apreciado la influencia de metano biogénico. Los principales fluidos implicados son agua marina, agua marina modificada por la interacción de roca:agua y fluidos enriquecidos en 18O asociados a la desestabilización de hidratos de gas. La formación de los carbonatos estudiados se produjo a profundidades varias. La mayoría de ellos se formaron cerca de la interfase agua-sedimento, excepto en el caso las costras carbonáticas de Pen Duick, que se formaron en la zona de metanogénesis, lejos del sulfato marino y bajo la influencia de fluidos asociados a la desestabilización de hidratos de gas.PALABRAS CLAVE: Carbonatos antigénicos, volcanes de fango, golfo de Cádiz, Metano, Hidratos de gas, Desestabilización - hidratos de gas, Metanogénesis / PH.D. THESIS ABSTRACT "Origin of authigenic carbonates associated to mud volcanoes from the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain): influence of biochemical processes and destabilization of gas hydrates ".TEXT:During the last years, it has grown a progressive interest in the study of mud volcanoes, since it has been highlighted the recurrent relationship between these mud volcanoes and the presence of deep hydrocarbons. The Gulf of Cadiz, where more than 30 mud volcanoes have been discovered, is one of the most important zones to study the sedimentological, biological and biochemical processes related to these mud volcanoes. Authigenic carbonate formation has been related to the activity of the mud volcanoes, owing to the presence of methane.The present Ph.D. Thesis presents the results derived from the carbonate characterization (crusts, breccias and concretions) from three areas of the Gulf of Cadiz: Diasom zone (mud mounds concretions from Ibérico, Cornide and Arcos), Hespérides mud volcanoes complex zone (identified as Bosta in the present Ph.D. Thesis), and Pen Duick escarpment zone, located in El Arraiche mud volcanoes complex area. The characterization of the carbonate samples from these three zones has provided insights about the methane origin (thermogenic or biogenic) and the biochemical processes involved in their formation.The main goals of this Ph.D. Thesis are: a) characterization of the biochemical processes responsible of the carbonate formation, b) Identification of the parental fluids of the carbonate crusts, breccias and concretions present in the Gulf of Cadiz, and c) Determination of the methane origin responsible of the carbonate formation. In order to fully achieve these main goals, a number of more specific objectives have been established: a) External and internal morphological descriptions of the carbonate samples, b) Petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical characterization of the carbonate samples, c) Identification of all diagenetic products (cement generations, porosity), d) Radiometric dating of the carbonate samples and of the diagenetic cement generations in order to establish the paragenetic sequence, and e) Definition and characterization of the precipitation stages for the different carbonate types.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Berkely, 1987. / Illustrations of the original dissertation are not included. Includes bibliographical references (p. 283-294).

abstract: The marimba has garnered increased attention in percussion performance over the past thirty years. Literature for beginners through professionals in a multitude of styles have been written. With the ever-growing number of marimbists since the 1980's there has been a high demand for new works. Numerous pieces were created through commissions: composers contracted to write music by individuals, institutions, and consortia. Three primary types of marimba solo music were written: unaccompanied solos, concerti, and marimba solos with electronic accompaniment. Since electronic music is relatively new in marimba performance, there is very little information published regarding this topic. Only a handful of well-known compositions in this genre have been widely performed, and a great number of existing works are unfamiliar to the percussion world. The goal of this study is to generate an overview of electronic music in marimba performance by compiling a chronological catalog of compositions written for solo marimba with electronics. In addition, this study wishes to promote this genre of solo marimba music through the commission, performance, examination, and recording of a new work for marimba and electronics. It is the author's wish to bring this topic to percussionists' attention, and to enrich the marimba solo literature by both exploring existing literature and encouraging the commissioning and performance of marimba music. / Dissertation/Thesis / Flux for Marimba and Electronic Tape (2011) by Mei-Fang Lin / D.M.A. Music 2011

In the past three decades, the Chinese news media has experienced great leaps from a propaganda machine to market-oriented industry. Although the state has managed to strengthen the information control, heterogeneity in journalistic value orientations has constructed different media discourses. This thesis discusses the diversity within different news organizations in China, and the influence of state-media dynamics on the quality and role of journalism. Previous literature in the area of media-power relations fQ us on the general landscape of Chinese media shaped by the three forces: the state, the market and the professionalism while neglecting individual cases which contribute for the complexity of the intertwined mechanisms. Supported by the sociological theory of news production and concepts from international relations, this study uses a micro approach to examine the process of international news making in two newspapers. The arguments in this study are based on in-depth interviews with 25 journalists, participant observation, and textual analyses of news reports on Libya Crisis. This study has three major findings. Firstly, the intricate power relations of social forces within China's social context produces much space, as well as obstacles, for the professional practice of journalism. The liberal newspapers keep challenging the state and pushing the boundary of media autonomy while the party organs still serve for maintaining CCP's legitimacy but package the "old wine" in a new way. Secondly, the old Chinese ideology dominated by official communism has been broken up by the emergence of neo-conservatism, old and new-leftism, liberalism and other intellectual discourses which influence the government's decision-making on domestic and international issues. Accordingly, international news reports in newspapers with various interests are manifestations of the divides. Thirdly, the different value preference of newspapers decides the media behaviors. Some choose to speak for the party and help maintain existing social order, while some others serve for public interests. Although both of them practice self-censorship, the former enjoy commercial benefits from seeking refuge from the authority and the latter promote social development by using tactics in news reports. The discrepancy creates space for diversified discourses that added to the complexity of power structures in Chinese media.