This thesis deals with the ancient institute of Roman Law, the power of life and death, one of the powers that belonged to the father of Roman family of its members. It is focused on the scope of that power in particular periods of the Roman Empire, conditions under which that power could be used against concrete persons and legal sources dealing with the power of life and death. This thesis also deals with specific expressions of the power of life and death and their changes in the course of the historical periods of the Roman Empire, particular chapters are focused on the period of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. In further context, this thesis deals with the paternal power of the Roman father, that included the power of life and death.

The relationship between a child and its parents (caregivers) is essential for the child’s development and well-being. When one of these parents uses violence against the other parent (intimate partner violence, IPV), this will affect the child one way or another: physically, psychologically, cognitively, socially. When two parents separate, the circumstances surrounding contact between the child and its parents change. The aim of this thesis is to analyse – in the context of Swedish parenting ideals and family norms – aspects of children’s relationships (after parental separation) with a father who has used violence against the mother in order to bring forward a foundation to discuss if and under what circumstances a continued contact is in the best interest of the child. The empirical basis for the thesis consists of two different sets of data. The first is qualitative interviews with children living at a women’s shelter (n=10). The second is a subset of data from a large evaluation study investigating support tochildren who had witnessed IPV. The latter material  comprises interviews with and psychometric data on 165 mothers and 165 children. Results from the first article show that a majority of the children (75%) had continued contact with their fathers after parental separation, and that even in cases where there were indications of child abuse, about 50% of the children had unsupervised face-to-face contact with their fathers. This high rate can possibly be explained by the assumption (supported in legislation) that children have a need for contact. Further, the second article shows that children with and without contact do not differ in their level of well-being; i.e. contact with a violent father does not have the positive effect on children that has been found in general samples. In the third article, the violent fathers are described by the children as lazy and unreliable. Child–father contact is discussed in terms of why, when and how contact is in the child’s best interest.

Master of Science / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Mark B. White / Although the processes by which fathers’ presence in the home affect children’s development is not known exactly, ongoing research is making strides toward a greater understanding of this concept (Lamb, 2000). Much of the research conducted on fathering came from researchers’ applying measures and concepts developed to understand mothering. This comparison of fathering and mothering has yielded little understanding of the processes by which father involvement can influence child development and, only in recent decades, has fathering begun to be studied using separate measures designed specifically to understand the unique aspects of fathering (Marsiglio, Amato, Day, & Lamb, 2001). To date, the effects of father involvement in families have been highlighted as a key factor in child growth and development, prevention of poverty, and as a buffer against adolescent risk-taking behaviors (Day & Lamb, 2004). However, in some cases, father involvement can have a very negative effect on children in families, and counter examples of research, showing the deleterious effects of negative father involvement, add an important aspect to fathering studies (Pleck, 2003). Unfortunately, the contradictory opinions and information found in research literature offer practitioners limited information upon which to base their work with fathers and their families. The following is a review of current research literature on father involvement, with an emphasis on families with adolescents. Recent improvements in researchers’ understanding and measurement of father involvement offer practical information for mental health practitioners. The written portion of this report will review current research on father involvement with adolescent children, and then in the presentation, offer suggestions for applying current fathering research to counseling practice. The goal of this report is to offer information that will narrow the research to practice gap for those working with adolescents and their families. Despite the flurry of research on father involvement in recent decades, little appears to have been done to make this research readily available to practitioners. Thus, current practices are limited, in that they are not benefiting from past research on father involvement and are not evolving with improved conceptualization and measurement of fathering activities. Given the current emphasis on evidence-based practice, this report is meant to be an added resource for practitioners, intending to help fathers in families with adolescents. In addition to a critical review of key works focusing on the effects of father involvement on adolescent children, this report will add insight to the work that clinicians do by discussing current perspectives in the fathering literature and offering suggestions for applying these ideas in the talk-therapy arena. Father influence on children during adolescence is the focus of this report due to research evidence showing that fathers influence may become increasingly important in the later stages of child development. (Amato, 1994; Faber, Edwards, Bauer, & Wetchler, 2003).

Master of Science / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Anthony Jurich / Throughout this report, I focused on how the mother-child relationship is affected following the loss of a husband/father. I started with a case study and followed with the effects of losing a spouse, the effects of losing a parent, specifically how the mother-child relationship is impacted, and ended with a recommendation for a course of therapy, referencing back to the case study presented in the opening chapter. The loss of a husband/father is an extremely difficult occurrence, and as illustrated in this report, will have a lasting impact on the complexities of the mother-child relationship.

The thesis explores the impact of the new Children’s Act 38 of 2005 on the acquisition of parental responsibilities and rights within a newly proposed framework designed for the purpose of reflecting the various ways in which parental responsibilities and rights can be acquired. The research has shown that the Children’s Act has fundamentally transformed the way in which parental responsibilities and rights are acquired. The transformation has created a scheme for the acquisition of parental responsibilities and rights that is for the most part constitutionally compliant and progressive insofar as it gives recognition to the different family forms found in South Africa. To this end the Children’s Act has considerably expanded the ways in which parental responsibilities and rights can be acquired. Whereas previously exclusively the preserve of heterosexual married parents in a nuclear family, parental responsibilities and rights can now automatically be acquired by a committed biological father and a married lesbian couple conceiving by artificial means. Apart from authorising courts to assign parental responsibilities and rights, the Children’s Act allows any holder of parental responsibilities and rights to confer responsibilities and rights on another by prior approved agreement. The Act also includes specific provisions to regulate the acquisition of parental responsibilities and rights by commissioning parents in the case of a surrogate motherhood agreement. The structure developed for the research topic reflects the transformation of the law in this regard by making the application of the best interests-standard, rather than the marital status of the child’s parents, the distinguishing feature of the subdivision between automatic and assigned acquisition. In this way the structure is an embodiment of the paramountcy of the best interests principle in section 28(2) of the Constitution. Insofar as the law still requires a distinction to be made between biological mothers and fathers, on the one hand, and naturally and artificially conceived children, on the other, the structure also highlights the remaining shortcomings of the law in this regard. The structure is, furthermore, necessarily complicated by the need to distinguish between the acquisition of care, on the one hand, and guardianship, on the other. As far as fathers are still not treated the same as mothers in the automatic allocation of parental responsibilities and rights, the Act is deemed not to have been progressive enough. Conferring full parental responsibilities and rights on both parents based on their biological link to the child would not only be in line with worldwide trends, but would also meet the constitutional demands of substantive sex and gender equality. It will further place the focus on the best interests of the child, which emphasises the importance of both parents for the child. While the research shows that tensions between the biological and social constructs of parenthood may possibly hamper the legal recognition of de facto care-givers or other persons with whom the child has developed a psychological bond, the greatest weakness of the Act would seem to lie in the failure to implement an integrated family court structure. Please cite as follows: Louw, AS 2009, Acquisition of parental responsibilities and rights, PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewedyymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09102009-170707/ > Copyright / Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Private Law / unrestricted

This study explored and described the relationship between early attachment to the father figure and self-esteem and current adult attachment style. Specifically, the present study explored and described the impact of the internal working model of early paternal attachment upon adult attachment styles and levels of self-esteem. The data for this study was obtained by utilizing the following four questionnaires: The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) Part 2 as a retrospective measure, the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) and Battle’s Culture Free Self-Esteem Inventory (CFSEI). An exploratory descriptive design using a non-probability, convenience sampling method was employed for the present study. A sample of 105 adult participants from a religious institution within Port Elizabeth was selected. Participants, including both males and females, representative of all cultures and socio-economic status, were interviewed using the above self-report measures. The data for this study was analyzed using descriptive and correlational and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that the majority of the sample had a preoccupied attachment style, with Intermediate self-esteem levels.

Psychologue dans l'Éducation Nationale, nous avons observé les effets de la mutation actuelle du lien social sur l'école. Chacun peut constater l'émergence des signes d'une conflictualité accrue : décrochage scolaire, phobie scolaire, augmentation du nombre de journées d'exclusion, appel pressant à un retour de l'autorité, épuisement des enseignants, multiplication des projets d'accueil individualisé ou inflation des demandes d'interventions d'auxiliaires de vie... Quelle lecture pourrait faire la psychanalyse de ces symptômes contemporains ? En quoi sont-ils l'expression du dépassement du complexe d'OEdipe pour couvrir d'un nouvel habillage symbolique l'impossible du rapport sexuel au XXIe siècle ? C'est là toute l'orientation de notre travail de thèse qui tente de mieux comprendre les enjeux cliniques et aussi les mécanismes psychiques convoqués dans un lien social désormais organisé par un "maître-capitaliste." / As a psychologist within the National Education system, I bear witness to the changes taking place in social links over schools. Everyone is able to note the emergence of signs of increasing conflicts : drop-out rate, school phobia, increase number of days of expulsion, calls for a return to more authority, exhausted teachers, growing need for individual remedial tuition, and expanding requests for help from carers. How could psychoanalysis interpret these contemporary symptoms ? In which way are they expressions of putting aside the Oedipus complex in order to symbolically fake the impossible nature of relationships between the sexes in the 21st century ? This is the aim of our current work to try and better understand the clinical issues and also the mental processes that arisenowadays in social links increasingly organised by a "capitalist master."

Orientador: Egberto Ribeiro Turato / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T23:55:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GarciaJunior_Celso_D.pdf: 2283312 bytes, checksum: 66dc8e1447486f1382f2809c6b7a2a8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivos compreender as experiências de vida dos genitores masculinos de pacientes adolescentes do sexo feminino em tratamento ambulatorial devido a um Transtorno Alimentar (TA) e entender como esses homens vivenciaram o impacto do TA de suas filhas em suas próprias vidas, desde o início da doença até o desenrolar do tratamento a que elas se submeteram no Grupo Interdisciplinar de Assistência e Estudos em Transtornos Alimentares (GETA) da UNICAMP. Foi utilizado o método clínico-qualitativo, através de entrevistas semidirigidas de questões abertas em uma amostra intencional que foi fechada pelo critério de saturação de informações. Doze indivíduos foram entrevistados individualmente no ambulatório de psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP, onde as atividades do GETA são desenvolvidas. Cuidados éticos foram tomados seguindo as normas preconizadas pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde. A técnica de tratamento de dados foi feita através da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas transcritas na íntegra e categorização. Os resultados foram submetidos à validação externa, por meio de discussão com os membros do Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínico-Qualitativa do Departamento de Psicologia Médica e Psiquiatria da UNICAMP e na apresentação em congressos nacionais e internacionais. Os resultados permitiram compreender que os entrevistados passaram pela infância e adolescência à deriva, devastados pelo trabalho infantil e buscavam desesperadamente pela atenção do pai distante afetivamente. Esses indivíduos mostraram-se com dificuldades em lidar adequadamente com situações de angústia e conflito e sentiam-se distantes de suas filhas. Os primeiros sintomas do TA foram minimizados pelos participantes. Com o agravamento do quadro, os pais vivenciaram sentimentos de tristeza, frustração, medo da morte da filha, culpa, impotência e desesperança. Os entrevistados foram capazes de reconhecer, com satisfação, os progressos obtidos a partir do tratamento e perceberam que, depois do TA, passaram a conversar mais com suas filhas. Aparentemente, o TA serviu como um caminho de aproximação na relação pai-filha. Nossos achados contribuíram na ampliação dos conhecimentos na área e podem ter aplicação na melhora da prática clínica no campo dos transtornos alimentares / Abstract: The present study aimed to understand life events reported by fathers of female adolescents with eating disorders (ED) in outpatient treatment and understand fathers¿ perceptions about the impact of having a daughter with an ED, since the symptoms onset. The Clinical-Qualitative method was used, through in-depth semi-structured interviews, using an intentional sample, closed by saturation criterion. Twelve participants were interviewed at the outpatient psychiatry unit of the Clinical Teaching Hospital at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), where Eating Disorders¿ Clinical and Research Program (GETA) activities are developed. Ethical procedures were taken following the ethical standards established by the National Council of Health. Data analysis was performed through the qualitative content analysis of the fully transcribed interviews and categorization. Peer-reviewers members from the Laboratory of Clinical-Qualitative Research (UNICAMP) validated the emerging categories, as also the attendees of national and international conferences where the results were presented. The findings made it possible to understand that the participants were adrift in their childhood and adolescence, devastated by child labor. They desperately sought attention without achieving a secure, affective contact with their affectively distant, hardworking father. These individuals showed difficulties in dealing adequately with situations of anguish and conflict. They felt distant from their daughters and had the sensation of impotence when faced with their daughter¿ problems. They minimized the early ED symptoms but feelings of sadness, frustration, fear of the daughter¿s death, self-guilty, powerlessness and helpless emerged, as the eating symptoms worsened. The fathers could recognize treatment benefits and perceived that they got able to improve the relationship with their daughter. Apparently, ED has functioned as a path to an improvement of the father-daughter relationship quality. Our findings can contribute to the expansion of knowledge in the area and may have application in improving clinical practice in the field of ED / Doutorado / Saude Mental / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

No description available.

This thesis is dealing with the issue of women in leading positions and possibilities of work – life balance in a selected organization. It is focused on the situation of women in the company and the influence of parenthood on career. Through the use of selected methods the attitudes of employees to managers with children and approaches of managers and manageresses to the issue of harmonization of work and family are analyzed.