The production, processing and marketing of sustainable and affordable food involve complex phenomena that affect the lives of millions of people worldwide. Due to the rapid growth of the world's population, the provision of food is a significant challenge for the agrifood industry and policy makers, as this is strictly interlinked with climate change and public health interventions. The overall aim of this research was to contribute to delivering nutritious food to feed an increasing unhealthy population. High-protein crops that can be grown sustainably in high latitude countries, including Scotland, could provide a healthy alternative to partially replace our dependency on unsustainable protein-rich foodstuffs. These include meat, the production of which is responsible for a substantial share of food-related environmental pressures. For this reason, green pea, lupin, fava bean, hemp and buckwheat were selected and analysed for their macro- and micro- nutrient content, as well as their phytochemical profile and compared to a red meat- and wheat-based meal in a human intervention trial. The crops studied were high in protein (ranging from 20 to 43% in buckwheat and lupin, respectively) and fibre (up to 25% in hemp) and also found to contain a diverse range of phenolic compounds, considered to participate in the prevention of diet-related disorders. As fava bean contained relatively high amounts of protein (approx. 22% w/w), protein fractions were isolated and further investigated to understand the contribution of the phytochemical components in terms of protein functionality and oxidative stability. Since fava bean protein isolates showed promising food applications, they were used to develop meat patties. The addition of fava bean proteins significantly decreased lipid and protein oxidation of the processed products. The results of this research could encourage a higher consumption of plant-based products, which would be favourable from both a health and environmental perspective.

Submitted by Katiane Souza (katyane.souza@gmail.com) on 2016-04-05T01:27:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 559053 bytes, checksum: 25c620c66dbb77634619a9d13d02287a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-05T01:27:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 559053 bytes, checksum: 25c620c66dbb77634619a9d13d02287a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / It was aimed at to evaluate the productivity of the bean-broad bean, "Raio-de-Sol" variety, in function of doses of bovine manure in the presence and absence of NPK. For so much, an experiment was accomplished, in the period of September of 2004 to May of 2005, in typical Quartzpsament soil, in the Federal University of Paraíba, in Areia city. It was used the experimental design of randomized blocks, in factorial outline 6 x 2, with four repetitions, being the constituted experimental portion of 40 plants. They were appraised the length of beans, the number and the production of beans and of grains, for plant, the productivity of beans and of green and dry grains and the tenors of NPK in the tissue foliar. The maximum length of beans, 8,7 cm, it happened being used 19,5 and 17,5 t ha-1 of bovine manure, in the presence and in the absence of NPK, respectively. The levels of 22,6 and 21,7 t ha-1 of bovine manure, respectively, they were responsible for the maximum numbers of 41 and 38 beans by plant in the presence and in the absence of NPK. The maximum productions of beans and of grains by plant of 125,9 and 35,3 g, respectively, they were obtained with 26,6 t ha-1 of bovine manure, in the presence of NPK, while in your absence, the maximum production of beans of 111,9 g was reached with 21,4 t ha-1 of bovine manure, and the medium production of 19,2g of grains, for plant, in function of the levels of bovine manure. The levels of 21,4 and 23,0 t ha-1 of bovine manure they were responsible for the maximum productivities of beans (12,6 and 11,2 t ha-1), in the presence and in the absence of NPK, respectively, while the levels of 21,3 and 22,9 t ha-1 of bovine manure they provided maximum productivities of green grains of 11,1 and 9,9 t ha-1, respectively, in the presence and in the absence of NPK. The level of 26,6 t ha-1 of bovine manure it was responsible for the maximum productivity of 3,5 t ha-1 of dry grains, in the presence of NPK. In the absence of NPK, it was obtained the medium productivity of 2,0 t ha-1, in function of the levels of bovine manure. The levels of 17,0 and 18,6 t ha-1 of bovine manure they provided maximum economical efficiencies for the productivity of beans, with foreseen revenues of 2,88 and 3,36 t ha-1, respectively, in the presence and in the absence of NPK. For the productivity of dry grains, the maximum economical efficiency was obtained with 23,0 t ha-1 of bovine manure, with revenue of 2,12 t ha-1. The levels of bovine manure just influenced the tenor of K in the presence of NPK, while in your absence it was observed it only differentiates in the tenor of N. / Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade do feijão-fava, variedade “Raio-de-Sol”, em função de doses de esterco bovino na presença e ausência de NPK. Para tanto, foi realizado um experimento, no período de setembro de 2004 a maio de 2005, em solo classificado como Neossolo Regolítico Psamítico típico, na Universidade Federal da Paraíba, em Areia. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 6 x 2, com quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental constituída de 40 plantas. Foram avaliados o comprimento de vagens, o número e a produção de vagens e de grãos, por planta, a produtividade de vagens e de grãos verdes e secos e os teores de NPK no tecido foliar. O comprimento máximo de vagens, 8,7 cm, ocorreu empregando-se 19,5 e 17,5 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, na presença e na ausência de NPK, respectivamente. As doses de 22,6 e 21,7 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, respectivamente, foram responsáveis pelos números máximos de 41 e 38 vagens, por planta, na presença e na ausência de NPK. As produções máximas de vagens e de grãos, por planta, de 125,9 e 35,3 g, respectivamente, foram obtidas com 26,6 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, na presença de NPK, enquanto que na sua ausência, a produção máxima de vagens de 111,9 g foi alcançada com 21,4 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, e a produção média de 19,2 g de grãos, por planta, em função das doses de esterco bovino. As doses de 21,4 e 23,0 t ha-1 de esterco bovino foram responsáveis pelas produtividades máximas de vagens (12,6 e 11,2 t ha-1), na presença e na ausência de NPK, respectivamente, enquanto as doses de 21,3 e 22,9 t ha-1 de esterco bovino proporcionaram produtividades máximas de grãos verdes de 11,1 e 9,9 t ha-1, respectivamente, na presença e na ausência de NPK. A dose de 26,6 t ha-1 de esterco bovino foi responsável pela produtividade máxima de 3,5 t ha-1 de grãos secos, na presença de NPK. Na ausência de NPK, obteve-se a produtividade média de 2,0 t ha-1, em função das doses de esterco bovino. As doses de 17,0 e 18,6 t ha-1 de esterco bovino proporcionaram máximas eficiências econômicas para a produtividade de vagens, com receitas previstas de 2,88 e 3,36 t ha-1, respectivamente, na presença e na ausência de NPK. Para a produtividade de grãos secos, a máxima eficiência econômica foi obtida com 23,0 t ha-1 de esterco bovino, com receita de 2,12 t ha-1. As doses de esterco bovino influenciaram apenas o teor de K na presença de NPK, enquanto que em sua ausência foi observado diferença somente no teor de N.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2017-05-22T13:26:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antunes Romeu Lima do Nascimento.pdf: 1176079 bytes, checksum: 3965be55696a10d228bab8c7064bc386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T13:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antunes Romeu Lima do Nascimento.pdf: 1176079 bytes, checksum: 3965be55696a10d228bab8c7064bc386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The lima bean is a legume producer of edible grains with high protein value, cultivated worldwide, having in Brazil, the Northeast region as the main producer. In this region, the production is made with low use of technology, resulting in low yields. Among the technologies used to increase the production of legume, we can highlight the inoculation of seed with diazotrophic bacterias, with the objective of replace or reduce nitrogen fertilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of rhizobia in symbiosis with the lima bean adapted to semiarid conditions. To obtain the isolated was used 02 accessions of lima bean (one of indeterminate growth and other of determinate growth) and 12 composite samples of soil from different mesoregions the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco. Plants were cultived in a protected area with transparent canvas, in design completely randomized in factorial of 12 (soil) x two (accessions) in Leonard pots adapted with plastic bottle containing 1.3 L of sand and 100 mL soil, with three replicates, for 55 days. The variables analyzed were: number of nodules (NN), fresh mass of nodules (MFN), specifies biomass of nodules (BEN), dry mass of the part aerial (MSPA) and dry mass of root (MSR). Data were analyzed using the F test and the means compared by the Scott- Knott test. Of the collected nodules were isolated bacteria and determined their morphological and physiological characteristics in culture medium, in the laboratory of Soil Microbiology of UFRPE (Recife-PE). With the characteristics of the isolates was calculated the coefficient J and was performed the grouping of the bacteria. The soil of Alagoa Grande-PB showed the highest values for NN and MFN, however when analyzing the specific biomass of nodules no detectable differences. For MSR obtained only difference between accessions. And for MSPA differences were observed for both factors, emphasizing the soil of Alagoa Grande-PB, and two soils of native vegetation, Areia-PB and Garanhuns-PE, these being a possible source of efficient strains. The grouping of the bacteria showed that accession of growth determined formed 13 groups, while the other accession, 24. And analyzing all bacteria in one dendrogram were formed groups with bacteria of each separate accession and also united. Accessions differ in groups of rhizobia able to form symbiosis. / O feijão-fava é uma leguminosa produtora de grãos comestíveis com alto valor protéico, cultivada mundialmente, tendo no Brasil, a região Nordeste como principal produtora. Nessa região, a produção é feita com baixa utilização de tecnologia, o que resulta em baixos rendimentos. Entre as tecnologias utilizadas para aumentar a produção de leguminosas, pode-se destacar a inoculação das sementes com bactérias diazotróficas, com o objetivo de substituir ou reduzir a adubação nitrogenada. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a diversidade de rizóbios em simbiose com o feijão-fava adaptados às condições do Semiárido. Para a obtenção dos isolados foram utilizados dois acessos de feijão-fava (um de crescimento indeterminado e outro de crescimento determinado) e 12 amostras compostas de solo de diferentes mesorregiões dos estados da Paraíba e Pernambuco. As plantas foram cultivadas em uma área protegida com lona transparente, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial de 12 (solos) x dois (acessos) em vasos de Leonard adaptados com garrafas PET contendo 1,3 L de areia e 100 mL de solo, com três repetições, por 55 dias. As variáveis analisadas foram: número de nódulos (NN), massa fresca de nódulos (MFN), biomassa especifica dos nódulos (BEN), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e da raiz (MSR). Os dados foram submetidos ao teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. Dos nódulos coletados foram isoladas bactérias e determinadas suas características morfofisiológicas em meio de cultura, no laboratório de Microbiologia do Solo da UFRPE (Recife-PE). Com as características dos isolados calculou-se o coeficiente J e realizou o agrupamento das bactérias. O solo de Alagoa Grande-PB foi o que apresentou os maiores valores de NN e MFN, entretanto quando analisada a biomassa especifica dos nódulos não se evidenciou diferenças. Para MSR obteve-se diferença apenas entre os acessos. Para MSPA foram observadas diferenças para ambos os fatores, destacando-se o solo de Alagoa Grande-PB, e dois solos de vegetação nativa, Areia-PB e Garanhuns-PE, sendo estes uma possível fonte de estirpes eficientes. O agrupamento das bactérias revelou que o acesso de crescimento determinado formou 13 grupos, enquanto o outro acesso, 24. Analisando-se todas as bactérias em um único dendrograma observou-se a formação de grupos com as bactérias de cada acesso separados e também unidos. Os acessos diferem quanto aos grupos de rizóbios capazes de formar simbiose.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / As sementes da espÃcie Dimorphandra gardneriana foram utilizadas como matÃria-prima para a obtenÃÃo de galactomananas e a eficiÃncia do processo foi determinada pelo rendimento em polissacarÃdeo obtido. A goma de fava danta foi purificada pelo mÃtodo de Fehling com a finalidade de reduzir, principalmente, proteÃnas. Esse tratamento propiciou uma reduÃÃo de 36% de proteÃna e uma considerÃvel reduÃÃo na viscosidade, o que està condizente com a reduÃÃo da massa molar dessa amostra. A goma de fava danta nÃo-purificada (GFDNP) e a purificada (GFDP) foram reticuladas com glutaraldeÃdo para produzir hidrogÃis fluidos. A reaÃÃo de reticulaÃÃo foi acompanhada por medidas reolÃgicas. O aumento da viscosidade do polissacarÃdeo com o tempo de reaÃÃo de reticulaÃÃo à gradativo e pode ser interrompido no momento em que se obtÃm um hidrogel fluido, por diÃlise contra Ãgua. HidrogÃis fluidos de goma de fava danta nÃo purificada (GelGFDNP) e purificada (GelGFDP) foram obtidos apÃs 15 a 17 dias de reticulaÃÃo. Para o GelGFDNP o aumento da viscosidade foi de nove vezes em relaÃÃo à viscosidade da soluÃÃo inicial de goma, enquanto para o GelGFDP foi de cento e trinta vezes. Para esses gÃis, ao final da reaÃÃo, na faixa de freqÃÃncia do joelho normal, o Gâ > Gâ e Gâ/Gâ  3, sendo considerados gÃis fortes e verdadeiros. Os gÃis de fava danta bem como o Hilano G-F 20, medicamento utilizado no tratamento de osteoartrose, sÃo fluidos pseudoplÃsticos, do mesmo modo que o lÃquido sinovial presente em joelhos saudÃveis. As viscosidades dos gÃis de fava danta (GelGFDNP e GelGFDP) sÃo da mesma ordem de grandeza que o Hilano G-F 20. As caracterÃsticas reolÃgicas dos gÃis de galactomanana de fava danta indicam que estes gÃis possuem potencial como agente viscossuplementador / Seeds of Dimorphandra gardineriana Tul. (âfava dantaâ) were used to obtain galactomannan and the effectiveness of the process was determined based on polysaccharide yield. The âfava dantaâ galactomannan was purified by Fehling method in order to reduce protein content. This treatment results in 36% of protein reduction and a decrease in the gum solution viscosity due to the molar mass reduction. âFava dantaâ galactomannan without purification (GFDNP) and purified one (GFDP) were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde to produced fluid hydrogels. The crosslinking reaction was followed using rheological measurement. The increase of polysaccharide solution viscosity with increasing reaction time is gradual and can be interrupted at the moment that a fluid hydrogel is obtained through dialysis against water. Fluid hydrogel from âfava dantaâ galactomannan without purification (GelGFDNP) and purified (GelGFNDP) were obtained after 15 and 17 days respectively. For GelGFDNP an increase of viscosity of nine times was observed while for the GelGFDNP sample, the increase was of one hundred thirty times. At the end of crosslinking reaction, in the health knees frequency, the GÂwas greater than Gâ and the GÂ/Gâ ratio was higher than 3, showing that a true and strong gel was obtained. Fava-danta galactomannan gels and Hilano G-F 20, commercial gel used in the osteoarthritis treatment, shows a characteristic of pseudoplastic fluid. This behavior is the same observed in sinovial fluid present in healthy knees. The viscosity values of âfava dantaâ galactomannan gels (GelGFDNP and GelGFDP) are in the same order of values found for Hilano G-F 20. The rheological characteristic of âfava dantaâ galactomannan gels indicate that these gels have potential as a viscosuplement agent

Chronic oxidation linked diseases are on a rise and are one of the leading causes of death globally. Epidemiological evidence increasingly points towards consumption of fruits and vegetables as a preventive way to manage early stages of chronic oxidation linked diseases. Oxidation linked diseases are caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by a disruption in cellular antioxidant homeostasis due to an overload of calories combined with stress, no excerise and a diet low in antioxidants. Phenolic compounds can not only act as antioxidants but also stimulate the activities of antioxidants enzyme through protective pathways which can help modulate cellular protection. The aim of this dissertation was to use probiotic fermentation to enhance the phenolic and antioxidant compounds in fruit systems which can form the basis of functional food design. The potential of these food systems for disease prevention was investigated in eukaryotic systems through understanding the role of critical metabolic pathways involed in prevention of oxidation linked chronic diseases. Based on structure-function rationale, antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemia and anti-hypertensive potential of phenolic compounds in tea and the effect of extraction time and different degrees of fermentation were investigated in in vitro models. Results indicated that the most fermented teas and a longer extraction time had the highest potential. Further these extracts also had higher H. pylori inhibition potential. Probiotic fermentation of fruit juices with L. helveticus was used to mobilize phenolics and improve biological functionality by maintaining a consistent phytochemical profile. Results indicated that total phenolic and antioxidant potential decreased with feremnetation. However α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and H. pylori inhibitory potential increased with fermentation. Investigation into the mechanism of H. pylori inhibition with fermented cherry extracts revealed inhibition of proline dehydrogenase as the likely mode of action. The potential of fermented apple extracts was further investigated as a phytochemical elicitor in eliciting phenolic and antioxidant response in germinating fava bean. The results indicated a stimulation of phenolic and antioxidant response likely through the stimulation of carbon flux through glycolytic pathways. In yeast, fermented apple extracts accelerated cell death in the presence of peroxide stress in pretreatment model whereas it provided protection against oxidative stress and prevented cell death in concurrent model. Chitosan oligosachharide treatment was investigated as a potential replacement of cancer causing diphenylamine treatment for scald reduction in Cortland apples. Although the treatment did not have any effect on scald reduction, it provides better protection in storage by stimulating phenolic and antioxidant response which related to better health relevant functionality.

[Truncated abstract] Faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) ranks third worldwide in overall production among coolseason legume crops and is used as a main source of protein both for food and feed purposes in many parts of the world. Australia is a major exporter of faba beans and the price received depends on the quality of the seed especially colour of the seed coat. Consumers don?t like faba beans that are dark coloured or that have blemishes on the seed coat. Environmental staining and storage discolouration deteriorate seed colour causing substantial economic losses to growers and grain handlers. To investigate the influence of environmental conditions, especially during pod/seed development and maturity, on the degree of environmental staining, field trials were conducted using four faba bean varieties (Fiord, Fiesta, Ascot and Cairo) in a range of environmental conditions under the Mediterranean-type climate of south western Australian grain belt. Although a majority of seeds had good colour but 3-25% were stained up to an unacceptable level across the trials and this varied with location and variety. Seeds formed later in plant development (located on the upper nodes of the plant) were more stained than seeds formed earlier (located on the lower nodes). This may be due to end of season environmental factors, such as high temperature and light intensity, and water and nutrient stress. Similarly seeds formed on small and weak plants, which may have developed under stressful conditions, had more staining than seeds formed on normal sized and healthy plants. Genotypic variation was also evident with Fiord showing greater staining than Ascot, Fiesta and Cairo. The cause of environmental staining appears to be complex but was associated with phenolic contents. Storage discolouration was influenced by a number of factors including temperature, seed moisture content, light and storage period and these were critical in determining storage life. ... Faba bean hardness, examined by the hard-to-cook test, also increased with increased storage temperature. There was a high negative correlation (r2 = 0.98) between storage temperature and cooking ability of faba bean. There was a three-fold increase in lignin content of faba bean stored at 50°C compared to those stored at 5°C and it was correlated with bean hardness (r2 = 0.98). Reduction in free phenolics was negatively correlated (r2 = 0.75) with bean hardness. The environmental staining in faba bean can be minimized with correct choice of varieties, robust agronomic practices to establish and maintain healthy plants and the use of mechanical graders and colour sorters. For minimizing storage discolouration faba beans must be dehydrated to ≤12% seed moisture content and stored in insulated bins (silos) or at least bins painted white and constructed under trees shades. In addition occasional flushing with N2 will further help reduce the colour darkening. The above approaches will improve quality, market opportunities, price and hence profitability of faba bean in the farming systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:59:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 208 - Raul Lima da Silva.pdf: 1996285 bytes, checksum: 396fa4b3afa34d0b1c5c3ad860f2bdc1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-05 / This research was realized in Saquarema RJ into the period from October of 2007 to April of 2008, being used seeds of Pigeon Pie (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), Fava Larga variety, planted in portions of (5x2,5m) 12,5 m2 each, with 4 recurrences, totaling 36 parcel where he got 3 portions of plantation among cavities (1=0,30m), (2=0,60m) and (3=0,90m)in 3 heights of cut (A=0,50m), (B=0,50m in the first and 1m in the second) and (C=1m). The plantation was direct into the spacing of 0,80m between lines, to a depth of 0,02m. The area was manure spreading on quantity of 80 kg of P2O5/ha, 30 days after the seeded was made one manure spreading with 30 Kg/ha of K2O. The first cut of the matter was realize when the plants showed height equal or better then 1,90m, with 120 days after the seeded. One representative sample of all parcel was analyzed bromatological concerning to content of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, Hemicelluloses, Lignin, Cellulose and regarding diametrical of the stem, quantity of branch, loses for death and the total in Kg/ha DM. The second cut became 90 days after the first, when he got again (1,90m) being repeat the entire analyzed relative to first cut. The results showed that for DM, the average for both cuts ranging 31,1% no getting effect for spacing. Was little the difference in relation to the height, presenting the cuts of 1,00m major percentage of DM, 31,8%. For the numbers of branch the media on first cut was 15,7 for plant affected barely by height staying the treatments of 1m with the minors averages (13,22). In the second cut the media was of 42,43 branch, a strong ramification that was observed. Regarding diametrical of the stem there was no difference between the cuts. For variable CP, the average gets 12,7% no getting effect for spacing, but getting for height with majors averages 13,4% in the different cuts, whose first has been made with 0,50m and the second with 1m. In the analyzes of NDF and ADF, the averages were 57,3% and 38,8% respectively, being different for both as for to unroll the height in growth. As for the result of the cellulose the general average was of 28,4% no getting effect for spacing. The Hemicelluloses, with average of 18,5% did not present any significant difference for the ramifications height inside the spacing and spacing inside each growth. The Lignin obtained general average of 9,5%, didn t differ significantly as for the spacing and height of cut. Regarding total quantity of Kg/ha of DM there were differences in most of the analyzed levels. The general average was of 2,645Kg being above in the spacing of 0,30m with 3,139 kg due the bigger quantity of plants in densities parcel. The general average for the parcel with treatment was done by cuts of 1m, it reached 3,186 kg/ha. As for the mortality of the plants after the first cut, the percentage of total loss was of 6% getting significant effect (p<0,05) for spacing. The biggest losses took place with 0,30m between plants with average of 3,58 deaths (8%) in this portions. / Esta pesquisa foi realizada em Saquarema no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no per?odo de outubro de 2007 a abril de 2008, sendo utilizadas sementes de Guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) da variedade Fava Larga, plantadas em parcelas de (5 x 2,5m) 12,5 m?, com 4 repeti??es, total de 36 parcelas onde se utilizou 3 espa?amentos de plantio entre covas (1 = 0,30 m), (2 = 0,60m) e (3 = 0,90m) , em 3 alturas de corte (A = 0,50m), (B = 0,50m no 1? e 1m no 2? corte) e (C = 1m). O plantio foi direto no espa?amento de 0,80 m entre linhas, a uma profundidade de 0,02 m. A ?rea foi adubada com 80 kg de P2O5/ha , n?o havendo necessidade de calagem e aos 30 dias ap?s a semeadura, foi feita uma aduba??o com 30 kg/ha de K2O, na forma de KCl. O primeiro corte do material foi efetuado quando as plantas apresentaram altura igual ou superior a 1,90m, com 120 dias ap?s a semeadura. Uma amostra representativa de todo o canteiro foi analisada bromatologicamente quanto aos teores de MS, PB, FDN, FDA, Hemicelulose, Lignina, Celulose e macroscopicamente quanto ao di?metro do caule, quantidade de ramos, perdas por morte e total de MS em Kg/ha. O segundo corte foi dado 90 dias ap?s o primeiro, quando atingiram novamente (1,90m), sendo repetidas todas as an?lises relativas ao 1?. Os resultados mostraram que para MS, a m?dia geral para ambos os cortes alcan?ou 31,1%, n?o havendo efeito para espa?amento. Para o n? de ramos a m?dia no 1? corte foi de 15,7 por planta, afetada apenas pela altura, ficando os tratamentos de 1m com as menores m?dias (13,22 ramos) e no 2?, a m?dia foi de 42,43 ramos/planta, o que evidencia a forte ramifica??o observada. Quanto ao di?metro do caule, n?o houve diferen?a entre os cortes, enquanto que para PB, a m?dia geral alcan?ou 12,7%. Nas an?lises de FDN e FDA, as m?dias foram de 57,3%, e 38,9% respectivamente, quanto ao resultado da Celulose, a m?dia geral foi de 28,4%, n?o havendo efeito significativo para espa?amento. A Hemicelulose, com m?dia de 18,5%, n?o apresentou nenhuma diferen?a significativa para altura e espa?amento, bem como na intera??o entre eles. A Lignina obteve m?dia geral de 9,5%, tamb?m n?o diferiu significativamente quanto ao espa?amento e altura de corte. Em rela??o ? quantidade total de kg/ha de MS, a m?dia geral foi de 2.645kg, ficando acima nos espa?amentos de 0,30m, com 3.139kg, devido a maior quantidade de plantas em parcelas adensadas. Quanto ? mortalidade das plantas ap?s o 1? corte, o percentual de perda total foi de 6%, havendo efeito significativo para espa?amento. As maiores perdas ocorreram com 0,30m entre plantas, com m?dia de 3,58 mortes nestes canteiros.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:44:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_mauro_pacheco.pdf: 456588 bytes, checksum: bb08766000dc3d6ffc71ea6b68148425 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-16 / Dimorphandra mollis Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae) is a woody species coming from Cerrado and Caatinga. It is used on the recuperation of impacted areas as well as ornamental plant. From the fruits (without the seeds) it is extracted the rutin, the bioflavonoid used in the pharmaceutical industry which acts in the permeability and the resistance of the blood vases. The seeds contain high levels of the galactomanan which are very important to the food industry. In order to contribute to the silviculture about this species, methodologies were studied to overcome dormancy of the seeds, as well as the effect of the temperature and substrates on the germination under controlled conditions, beyond the different substrates evaluation and the fertilization on the initial growth of the seedlings in greenhouse The best results for overcoming dormancy of D. mollis seeds are when these ones suffered mechanical scarification with sandpaper number 50 or boiled in water at 100ºC for 10 seconds. The best germination are obtained at 30 and 35ºC. The substrates towel paper and vermiculite allow satisfactory germinative performance of seeds; they could be suitable for the evaluation of the physiological quality of seeds. The coconut fiber and vermiculite are good substrates for seedling production of D. mollis. The concentration of nutrients supplied by the fertilization source is insufficient to improvement of the initial growth of the seedlings. / Dimorphandra mollis Benth. (Caesalpiniaceae) é uma espécie arbórea, encontrada nos biomas Cerrado e Caatinga, útil na recuperação de áreas degradadas e como planta ornamental. Dos frutos (sem as sementes), extrai-se a rutina, um bioflavonóide utilizado na indústria farmacêutica o qual atua na permeabilidade e na resistência dos vasos capilares. As sementes contêm altos teores de galactomananos que são de grande importância na indústria de alimentos. Visando contribuir para a silvicultura a respeito dessa espécie, foram estudadas metodologias para superação da dormência das sementes, bem como os efeitos da temperatura e dos substratos sobre a germinação em condições controladas, além da avaliação de diferentes substratos e da fertilização sobre o crescimento inicial das mudas em viveiro florestal Os melhores resultados para superação de dormência das sementes de D. mollis são obtidos quando há escarificação das sementes com lixa para ferro ou por fervura em água durante 10 segundos. As temperaturas de 30 e 35ºC proporcionam às sementes os melhores resultados de germinação. Os substratos papel e entre vermiculita permitem bom desempenho germinativo, mostrando-se adequados para a avaliação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O pó de coco e a vermiculita são bons substratos para produção de mudas de D. mollis. A concentração de nutrientes fornecida pelos fertilizantes é insuficiente para melhoria do crescimento inicial das plantas.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-03-14T12:51:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jeferson Araujo Silva.pdf: 166823 bytes, checksum: 6c389068c6abcff8459db563807d3eb8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-14T12:51:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jeferson Araujo Silva.pdf: 166823 bytes, checksum: 6c389068c6abcff8459db563807d3eb8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, is an important disease that causes an incidence in lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) at the Northeastern of Brazil. Aiming to select genotypes with potential to be used in a disease management, there were 50 genotypes of lima bean evaluated in relation to an isolate of S. rolfsii. Plants with 10 days old were inoculated by an injury into their base and deposited the sclerotia of the pathogen. The evaluation occurred at the 10th day after the inoculating, by calculating the percentage of the number of plants with symptoms in relation to the total of plants per pot. Most part of the genotypes (58%) behaved as highly susceptible to the pathogen while 28% were classified as susceptible, 10% as moderately resistant. Only two genotypes (F-2 and F-25) behaved as extremely resistant, corresponding to 4% of the total. The stability of resistance of these two genotypes was evaluated in relation to 10 isolates of S. rolfsii. Both genotypes showed a good level of resistance, thus demonstrating the potential of its use as a strategy for management of collar rot of the lima bean crop. / A podridão do colo, causada por Sclerotium rolfsii, é uma importante doença que pode incidir em fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.) no Nordeste brasileiro. Visando selecionar genótipos com potencial de utilização no manejo da doença, foram avaliados 50 genótipos de fava, em relação a um isolado de S. rolfsii. Plantas com 10 dias de idade foram inoculadas pelo método de ferimento do colo e deposição do escleródio do patógeno. A avaliação ocorreu aos 10 dias após a inoculação pela mensuração da incidência da doença, considerando a porcentagem de plantas com sintomas em relação ao total de plantas por vaso. A maioria dos genótipos (58%) se comportou como altamente suscetível ao patógeno, enquanto que 28% foram classificadas como suscetíveis e 10% como medianamente resistentes. Somente dois genótipos (F-2 e F-25) se comportaram como altamente resistentes, correspondendo a 4% do total. A estabilidade da resistência destes dois genótipos foi avaliada em relação a 10 isolados de S. rolfsii. Ambos os genótipos apresentaram um bom nível de resistência, demonstrando potencial de utilização como estratégia de manejo da podridão do colo na cultura da fava.

Typescript / Bibliography: leaves [137]-[157] / xx, 136 leaves : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agronomy, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, 1987