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O presente trabalho trata da recente reestruturação do complexo automotivo brasileiro, seu reflexo na economia e na organização sindical, bem como da sua relação com as tranformações mundiais, a partir da ascensão do ideário neoliberal no ocidente, da difusão da acumulação flexível e das transformações na organização operária e sindical. No Brasil, as medidas econômicas determinadas pelo FMI, Banco Mundial e OMC e implantadas com rigor pelos governos brasileiros desde 1990, promoveram mudanças intensas na economia, resultando no aprofudamento da recessão, no desemprego, na desnacionalização e em falências. No caso da indústria automobilística, a ausência do governo na determinação da economia permitiu que o poder de decisão das montadoras se concentrasse nos planejamentos estratégicos das respectivas matrizes. Além disso, a abertura de mercado provocou a falência de metade das empresas de autopeças nacionais, a desnacionalização das grandes empresas brasileiras de excelência e mais de 100 mil desempregados em todo o complexo automotivo. Desta forma, as autopeças nacionais vêm perdendo o poder de barganha e se restringindo ao fornecimento de peças e componentes de menor valor agregado, pois as montadoras, reestruturando a cadeia produtiva, estabeleceram contratos com fornecedores de sua região de origem. Por fim, a política do governo de atração de IEDs, promoveu a Guerra Fiscal, com financiamento de bancos nacionais, fazendo com que as montadoras investissem em novas fábricas, desenhando uma nova organização espacial do setor no território brasileiro. A reestruturação produtiva nas fábricas antigas das montadoras incidiu sobre a eliminação de mais de um terço dos postos de trabalho nas montadoras, desde 1990. Por outro lado, a transformação na organização sindical tem sido acompanhada pelo fortalecimento do sindicalismo de resultados, em detrimento dos sindicatos combativos. / This work deals with the recent reorganization of the Brazilian automotive complex, along with its repercussion on the economy and the union organization, as well as its relation with the world changes, starting from the rise of the neoliberal thought in the occident, the flexible accumulation diffusion and the changes on the laborer union organization. In Brazil the economic proceedings established by the IMF, the World Bank and the WTO, and put into effect by the successive Brazilian governments since 1990, caused intense changes in the economy, which intensified the recession, the unemployment, the denationalization and the bankruptcies. In the case of the automobile industry, the absence of the government on determining the economy made that the fitting companies power of decision were concentrated on the strategic planning of the respective head offices. Besides, the market opening caused the bankruptcy of a half of the national enterprises which deal with automobilistic parts, the denationalization of the major excellence Brazilian companies and more than a hundred thousand unemployed workers in the whole automotive complex. So the national enterprises which deal with automobilistic parts are losing their power to negotiate and they are also becoming limited to provide components that have a lower aggregated value, once the fitting companies, as they reorganize the productive chain, established contracts with the providers of their original region. Finally the government policy, attracting IEDs, cause the Guerra Fiscal (Fiscal War), using financial loan of national banks. So the fitting companies had to invest in new assembly lines, projecting a new special organization of this sector in the Brazilian territory. The productive reorganization in the former assembly lines of the fitting companies was reflected on the elimination of more than one third of the necessary positions in the fitting companies since 1990. On the other hand, the changes in the union organization have been followed by the strengthening of the result unionism to the detriment of the combative unions.

全球經濟生產及市場組織產生重大轉變，製造業廠商從過去設計、生產、行銷一貫作業的大量生產模式，轉向消費者導向生產模式的同時，需要大量策略性服務的投入，尤其是生產性服務業的使用。從彈性生產理論觀念說明專業化分工的有利發展，但事實上製造業廠商對於生產性服務並非皆如其所言皆轉包委外至專業化獨立的公司，生產性服務的使用也存在於製造業廠商的內部。 　　本文探討台北都會區製造業與生產性服務業二者關係與製造業廠商區位選擇得到以下結論： 　　一、從總體資料分析： 　　　（一）台北都會區製造業場所單位家數、員工數以都會區外圍比重較高，但員工數有向都會中心集中的現象。 　　　（二）生產性服務業場所單位家數、員工數以都會中心比重較高，但有向都會中心外圍分散的現象。 　　二、從個體廠商調查發現： 　　　（一）製造業廠商對生產性服務使用受廠商屬性及生產性服務業別有不同程度的影響，一般而言，製造業對生產性服務的使用委外生產比例較高，服務來源區域以台北市居多，但生產性服務以傳統生產所需服務投入為多，除資訊服務外，近三年來未能在其他迂迴投入有所增強。 　　　（二）生產性服務的輸出以製造業與服務業為主，並以都會區本身為主要輸出地。透過製造業總管理單位及服務業本身的分化，使二者生產流程的串聯更為緊密。 　　　（三）以羅吉特模型實證發現製造業廠商選擇接近生產性服務業區位之機率，受地方市場及土地持有方式影響較為顯著。 / The structure of global production and market has changed overwhelmingly. The old-fashioned mass production mode on design, manufacture, and selling has been turning into the consumer-oriented production mode. At this turning point, lots of strategic service, especially producer service, is needed. The idea of flexible production explains the beneficial development of specialized division of labor. However, in practical application, the manufacturers do not contract out all their needs for the producer service to the specialized independent companies according to the flexible production theory. The departments inside the manufacturers also supply a certain part of the producer service for their relative departments. 　　I hereby explore the relationship between the manufacture and producer service inside the Taipei Metropolis, and the location choosing of the manufacturers. My conclusions are: 　　I. Analyzed from the overall data: 　　　　A. In the Taipei Metropolis, the percentage of the number of establishment units and persons engaged of manufacturing is higher in the suburbs than in the downtown area. Yet, there is a tendency for the persons engaged to be gathering toward the downtown area. 　　　　B. The percentage of the number of establishment units and persons engaged of producer service is higher in the downtown than in the suburbs. Yet, there is a tendency for them to be gathering toward the suburbs. 　　II. Found from the survey on individual manufacturers: 　　　　A. The manufacturers have various influences on the use of producer service, according to the manufacturers' natures and the kinds of producer service. In general, more manufacturers prefer to contract out their needs on producer service, which are mainly supplied from the downtown of Taipei City. Yet, the producer service has devoted more into the traditional manufacture. Except for the information service, the other indirect devotion has not been increased in the latest three years. 　　　　B. The output of the producer service is mainly on manufacturers and service industry with the metropolis as its main target. Through the division between the manufacturers' general managing departments and the service industry, the series connection between their productive procedures is reinforced further. 　　　　C. Proved by the Logit Model experiment, manufacturers are found more vividly influenced by the local market and land possession styles when they are choosing if they want to be close to their producer service suppliers.

<p>Based on the concepts of <i>techno-economic paradigm, network</i> and <i>production chain</i>, the main purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the diffusion of technological and managerial innovations in the Brazilian industry during the 1980s and the 1990s. It consists of a summary and six selected papers. Empirical studies were conducted at different moments of the re-structuring process and at different points of the production chain. The samples cover large leading firms as well as small second and third-tier suppliers in the automotive and footwear industries. They throw light on the process of diffusion and establishment of a new paradigm of industrial organization, mostly in conflict with the Taylorist/Fordist.</p><p>Ideas, methods and management techniques were largely adopted and imitated from the so-called "Japanese model", but the diffusion of the new paradigm in Brazil is also the result of adapting and modifying this model by trial and error. At the firm level, the adoption of these innovations entails a highly complex process of social change, reversing norms and models of behaviour hitherto dominant. They modify the daily practices at work, and the division of labour within and between companies, as well as between companies and other institutions, such as those within the educational system. These transformations are studied by distinguishing <i>competition, management</i>, and technological patterns.</p><p>The results show that, under the conditions of a an extremely large domestic market, the re-structuring of the Brazilian industry occurs in a context characterized by crisis, economic instability, recession and unemployment as well as by political re-democratization and growing influence of the labour movement. The diffusion of the new paradigm of efficiency together with the increasing globalization of the economy and the ongoing abandonment of import substitution, transformed the organization of work and <i>inter-firms relations</i>, changing the volume, structure, and location of employment as well as the content and hierarchy of skills.</p>

Based on the concepts of techno-economic paradigm, network and production chain, the main purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the diffusion of technological and managerial innovations in the Brazilian industry during the 1980s and the 1990s. It consists of a summary and six selected papers. Empirical studies were conducted at different moments of the re-structuring process and at different points of the production chain. The samples cover large leading firms as well as small second and third-tier suppliers in the automotive and footwear industries. They throw light on the process of diffusion and establishment of a new paradigm of industrial organization, mostly in conflict with the Taylorist/Fordist. Ideas, methods and management techniques were largely adopted and imitated from the so-called "Japanese model", but the diffusion of the new paradigm in Brazil is also the result of adapting and modifying this model by trial and error. At the firm level, the adoption of these innovations entails a highly complex process of social change, reversing norms and models of behaviour hitherto dominant. They modify the daily practices at work, and the division of labour within and between companies, as well as between companies and other institutions, such as those within the educational system. These transformations are studied by distinguishing competition, management, and technological patterns. The results show that, under the conditions of a an extremely large domestic market, the re-structuring of the Brazilian industry occurs in a context characterized by crisis, economic instability, recession and unemployment as well as by political re-democratization and growing influence of the labour movement. The diffusion of the new paradigm of efficiency together with the increasing globalization of the economy and the ongoing abandonment of import substitution, transformed the organization of work and inter-firms relations, changing the volume, structure, and location of employment as well as the content and hierarchy of skills.

Este trabalho apresenta proposta de arquitetura orientada para um sistema que utiliza a interface gráfica como elemento principal para reconfigurar a seqüência de tarefas que podem ser executadas por uma célula flexível de produção. É dada especial atenção na elaboração dos componentes dessa interface, pois as corretas definições e operações desses componentes são condições determinantes para se alcançar êxito no uso do sistema. A validação da funcionalidade dessa interface é obtida por meio da realização de testes em um protótipo, que adota os elementos básicos previstos na mencionada arquitetura. Os resultados positivos observados nesses testes indicam que o sistema proposto é adequado para a finalidade a qual se destina. / This work presents a proposal for a system-oriented architecture that uses the graphical interface as the main element to reconfigure the sequence of tasks that can be performed by a flexible production cell. Particular attention is given in the preparation of the components of this interface, because the correct settings and operations of these components are critical to achieving success in the use of the system. Validation of the functionality of this interface is obtained by means of conducting tests on a prototype, which adopts the basic elements contained in the mentioned architecture. The positive results observed in these tests indicate that the proposed system is suitable for the purpose for which it is intended.

O presente trabalho trata da recente reestruturação do complexo automotivo brasileiro, seu reflexo na economia e na organização sindical, bem como da sua relação com as tranformações mundiais, a partir da ascensão do ideário neoliberal no ocidente, da difusão da acumulação flexível e das transformações na organização operária e sindical. No Brasil, as medidas econômicas determinadas pelo FMI, Banco Mundial e OMC e implantadas com rigor pelos governos brasileiros desde 1990, promoveram mudanças intensas na economia, resultando no aprofudamento da recessão, no desemprego, na desnacionalização e em falências. No caso da indústria automobilística, a ausência do governo na determinação da economia permitiu que o poder de decisão das montadoras se concentrasse nos planejamentos estratégicos das respectivas matrizes. Além disso, a abertura de mercado provocou a falência de metade das empresas de autopeças nacionais, a desnacionalização das grandes empresas brasileiras de excelência e mais de 100 mil desempregados em todo o complexo automotivo. Desta forma, as autopeças nacionais vêm perdendo o poder de barganha e se restringindo ao fornecimento de peças e componentes de menor valor agregado, pois as montadoras, reestruturando a cadeia produtiva, estabeleceram contratos com fornecedores de sua região de origem. Por fim, a política do governo de atração de IEDs, promoveu a Guerra Fiscal, com financiamento de bancos nacionais, fazendo com que as montadoras investissem em novas fábricas, desenhando uma nova organização espacial do setor no território brasileiro. A reestruturação produtiva nas fábricas antigas das montadoras incidiu sobre a eliminação de mais de um terço dos postos de trabalho nas montadoras, desde 1990. Por outro lado, a transformação na organização sindical tem sido acompanhada pelo fortalecimento do sindicalismo de resultados, em detrimento dos sindicatos combativos. / This work deals with the recent reorganization of the Brazilian automotive complex, along with its repercussion on the economy and the union organization, as well as its relation with the world changes, starting from the rise of the neoliberal thought in the occident, the flexible accumulation diffusion and the changes on the laborer union organization. In Brazil the economic proceedings established by the IMF, the World Bank and the WTO, and put into effect by the successive Brazilian governments since 1990, caused intense changes in the economy, which intensified the recession, the unemployment, the denationalization and the bankruptcies. In the case of the automobile industry, the absence of the government on determining the economy made that the fitting companies power of decision were concentrated on the strategic planning of the respective head offices. Besides, the market opening caused the bankruptcy of a half of the national enterprises which deal with automobilistic parts, the denationalization of the major excellence Brazilian companies and more than a hundred thousand unemployed workers in the whole automotive complex. So the national enterprises which deal with automobilistic parts are losing their power to negotiate and they are also becoming limited to provide components that have a lower aggregated value, once the fitting companies, as they reorganize the productive chain, established contracts with the providers of their original region. Finally the government policy, attracting IEDs, cause the Guerra Fiscal (Fiscal War), using financial loan of national banks. So the fitting companies had to invest in new assembly lines, projecting a new special organization of this sector in the Brazilian territory. The productive reorganization in the former assembly lines of the fitting companies was reflected on the elimination of more than one third of the necessary positions in the fitting companies since 1990. On the other hand, the changes in the union organization have been followed by the strengthening of the result unionism to the detriment of the combative unions.

O objeto do presente trabalho é uma análise da produção do espaço da indústria, privilegiando a indústria automobilística brasileira, no contexto de passagem do chamado fordismo para a produção flexível. O objetivo do trabalho é o de examinar a intrincada rede de relações entre o espaço e as estratégias de produção e reprodução do capital, num contexto de transformação dessas estratégias. O espaço é considerado como um produto, mas por outro lado, também é aqui tomado como produtivo. Buscou-se, então, detectar quais são as principais mudanças (políticas, sociais, econômicas e espaciais) que ocorrem na passagem das estratégias fordistas de reprodução e acumulação do capital para as ligadas à produção flexível. E como essa passagem altera os fatores de localização industrial no território, além da própria organização das indústrias. Foi, portanto, feito um estudo de como o espaço da indústria se reorganiza a partir das transformações nas estratégias de reprodução do capital e a partir das relações deste com o Estado - dando destaque para a idéia a crescente importância do fundo público -, com o trabalho e com o espaço. Nesse processo, foi dado destaque ao estudo da indústria automobilística no Brasil, pois ela seria um exemplo paradigmático das recentes transformações no capitalismo contemporâneo, e, dada a sua importância e influência no Brasil, também um exemplo de como o espaço geográfico é produzido e reestruturado a partir de tais transformações. Para a viabilização do presente trabalho foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica de parte da literatura disponível sobre o tema, um levantamento de dados em fontes apropriadas e foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes e funcionários da Volkswagen do Brasil e com membros do Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC. / This work is an analysis of the production of space in the Brazilian motor car industry, involving the transition of fordism to flexible production. This study aims the examination of a complex network between space and capital’s production and reproduction strategies, including these strategies’ changes. Space is considered as a product. On the other hand, it is also considered as productive. It was sought to detect what are the main changes (political, social, economical and spatial ones) which take place in the transition from the fordist´s strategies of reproduction and accumulation of capital to the flexible production ones. It was also considered how this transition changes the industrial location factors in the territory, besides the internal industrial organization. It was, therefore, produced a study related to the industrial space reorganization that included the existing relations between capital and State (enhancing the role of the public fund), labor and space. The motor car industry in Brazil was particularly studied, as it constitutes a paradigmatic example of the recent changes in the contemporary capitalism, and due to its influence and importance in this country it is also an example of how the geographical space is produced and reorganized from such changes. A bibliographic revision about the related subject, a data search and interviews with employees from Volkswagen do Brasil and with members of the Metallurgy Workers Union from great São Paulo (Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC) were made to make this work possible.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SILVIA ROSA.pdf: 1573579 bytes, checksum: b122d1201e7c8d05ddaaa71ea29c75eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-11 / The contemporary social context has sparked an education that enables students, albeit general, access to knowledge focused on the world of work, with the aim of establishing links between productive and educational processes. Thus, the transformation of socioeconomic order, lived in the framework of capitalist society of neoliberal strain, require that education incorporates, increasingly, new ways of approaching instruction developed in the school environment. What is sought is to expand and diversify the provision of education, enabling professional training in tune with the surrounding socioeconomic reality, that stands for polyvalent workers, exploited to fit the flexible production process. At this conjuncture, this study aims to understand how the relationship between education and work in the Technical Course in Agriculture integrated at the high school is understood and worked by teachers. The research is guided on the socio-historical approach, sedimented in referential of dialectical historical materialism, from the perspective of understanding how the relationship between education and work is expressed and experienced in the Federal Institute Goiano - campus Morrinhos, especially in the referenced course, and the various spaces that compose the institution, among which prioritized the secretarial of school records, library and teacher rooms. The data collection technique consisted of systematic observations, guided by script, and recorded in a field diary; semistructured interviews with teachers; and consults in the school documents and educational legislation. The use of these methodological procedures has focused on the discussion of situations and revealing manifestations of the relationship between education and work in the researched course, expressed through physical, institutional and educational organization of the educational institution, the profile of the students who completed the study course in the period of 2008-2014, printed materials used, teachers who work in this course, and school documents and educational legislation. In effecting of this study, it was discussed about education, school, work, man, integrated high school, work and education organization, society, function of education and integral formation. To this end, had to support in theoretical as Manacorda (2010), Enguita (1989, 1993), Marx (1977), Mészáros (2008), Sousa Junior (2010, 2013), Pinto (2010), Lombardi (2011), Kuenzer (2009), Frigotto (2010), Frigotto; Ciavatta; Ramos (2005, 2010), and others. The analysis of the relationship between education and work in the Technical Course in Agricultural Integrated at the High School allowed understand that in the current phase of capitalist development, this relationship is elementary and inevitable in the training process. It is, therefore, an issue that goes beyond the school setting due to the fact to be determined by the socioeconomic context, which gives the educational institution the function of forming workers to work in the labor market, which is diverse, competitive and flexible. The interviews with three teachers revealed that the course presents duality formative between general education (high school) and professional education (technical education). Thus, in addition to the course consist of these two types of education, there is a relationship between education and work in technical education, which aims to train the workforce to the market. In the reports of teachers it was noted that the relationship between education and work of technical education occurs in school activities that seek to link theory and practice in technical disciplines, namely: practical classes, technical visits and supervised training mandatory, among others. In all these cases, the knowledge taught in class can be applied in professional activities related to the area of technical training of the student. / O contexto social contemporâneo tem suscitado uma educação que possibilita aos alunos o acesso, ainda que geral, a conhecimentos voltados para o mundo do trabalho, com o intuito de estabelecer vínculo entre processos produtivos e educativos. Assim, as transformações de ordem socioeconômica, vividas no âmbito da sociedade capitalista de cunho neoliberal, demandam que a educação incorpore, de forma crescente, novas formas de abordar o ensino desenvolvido no ambiente escolar. O que se busca é ampliar e diversificar a oferta de educação, possibilitando formação profissional sintonizada com a realidade socioeconômica circundante, que prima por trabalhadores polivalentes, instrumentalizados para se ajustarem ao processo de produção flexível. Nessa conjuntura, o presente trabalho tem como propósito compreender como a relação entre educação e trabalho no Curso Técnico em Agropecuária Integrado ao Ensino Médio é entendida e trabalhada pelos docentes. A pesquisa pauta-se na abordagem sócio-histórica, sedimentada nos referenciais do materialismo histórico dialético, na perspectiva de entender como a relação entre educação e trabalho é expressa e vivenciada no Instituto Federal Goiano - câmpus Morrinhos, especialmente no curso referenciado, e nos vários espaços que compõem a instituição, dentre os quais se priorizou a secretaria de registros escolares, biblioteca e salas de professores. A técnica de coleta de dados constituiu-se de observações sistemáticas, orientadas por roteiro, e registradas em diário de campo; entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com docentes; e consulta a documentos escolares e legislações educacionais. A utilização desses procedimentos metodológicos teve como foco a discussão sobre situações e manifestações reveladoras da relação entre educação e trabalho no curso pesquisado, expressas através da organização física, institucional e educacional da instituição de ensino, do perfil dos alunos que concluíram o curso estudado no período de 2008-2014, dos materiais impressos empregados, dos professores que atuam nesse curso, e dos documentos escolares e legislações educacionais. Na efetivação deste estudo, discutiu-se sobre educação, escola, trabalho, homem, ensino médio integrado, organização do trabalho e da educação, sociedade, função da educação e formação integral. Para tanto, teve-se respaldo em teóricos como: Manacorda (2010), Enguita (1989, 1993), Marx (1977), Mészáros (2008), Sousa Junior (2010, 2013), Pinto (2010), Lombardi (2011), Kuenzer (2009), Frigotto (2010), Frigotto; Ciavatta; Ramos. (2005, 2010), e outros. A análise da relação entre educação e trabalho no Curso Técnico em Agropecuária Integrado ao Ensino Médio permitiu entender que, na atual fase de desenvolvimento do capitalismo, essa relação é elementar e inevitável no processo formativo. É, pois, uma questão que extrapola o âmbito escolar devido ao fato de ser determinada pelo contexto socioeconômico, que atribui à instituição de ensino a função de formar trabalhadores para atuarem no mercado de trabalho, que é diversificado, competitivo e flexível. As entrevistas com três docentes revelaram que o curso apresenta dualidade formativa entre educação geral (ensino médio) e educação profissional (ensino técnico). Desse modo, além de o curso ser constituído por esses dois tipos de ensino, há uma relação entre educação e trabalho no ensino técnico, que tem como finalidade formar força de trabalho para o mercado. Nos relatos dos professores constatou-se que a relação entre educação e trabalho do ensino técnico ocorre em atividades escolares que buscam associar teoria e prática nas disciplinas técnicas, a saber: aulas práticas, visitas técnicas e estágio supervisionado obrigatório, dentre outras. Em todos esses casos, os conhecimentos ensinados nas aulas podem ser aplicados em atividades profissionais ligadas à área de formação técnica profissional do aluno.

O objeto do presente trabalho é uma análise da produção do espaço da indústria, privilegiando a indústria automobilística brasileira, no contexto de passagem do chamado fordismo para a produção flexível. O objetivo do trabalho é o de examinar a intrincada rede de relações entre o espaço e as estratégias de produção e reprodução do capital, num contexto de transformação dessas estratégias. O espaço é considerado como um produto, mas por outro lado, também é aqui tomado como produtivo. Buscou-se, então, detectar quais são as principais mudanças (políticas, sociais, econômicas e espaciais) que ocorrem na passagem das estratégias fordistas de reprodução e acumulação do capital para as ligadas à produção flexível. E como essa passagem altera os fatores de localização industrial no território, além da própria organização das indústrias. Foi, portanto, feito um estudo de como o espaço da indústria se reorganiza a partir das transformações nas estratégias de reprodução do capital e a partir das relações deste com o Estado - dando destaque para a idéia a crescente importância do fundo público -, com o trabalho e com o espaço. Nesse processo, foi dado destaque ao estudo da indústria automobilística no Brasil, pois ela seria um exemplo paradigmático das recentes transformações no capitalismo contemporâneo, e, dada a sua importância e influência no Brasil, também um exemplo de como o espaço geográfico é produzido e reestruturado a partir de tais transformações. Para a viabilização do presente trabalho foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica de parte da literatura disponível sobre o tema, um levantamento de dados em fontes apropriadas e foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes e funcionários da Volkswagen do Brasil e com membros do Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC. / This work is an analysis of the production of space in the Brazilian motor car industry, involving the transition of fordism to flexible production. This study aims the examination of a complex network between space and capital’s production and reproduction strategies, including these strategies’ changes. Space is considered as a product. On the other hand, it is also considered as productive. It was sought to detect what are the main changes (political, social, economical and spatial ones) which take place in the transition from the fordist´s strategies of reproduction and accumulation of capital to the flexible production ones. It was also considered how this transition changes the industrial location factors in the territory, besides the internal industrial organization. It was, therefore, produced a study related to the industrial space reorganization that included the existing relations between capital and State (enhancing the role of the public fund), labor and space. The motor car industry in Brazil was particularly studied, as it constitutes a paradigmatic example of the recent changes in the contemporary capitalism, and due to its influence and importance in this country it is also an example of how the geographical space is produced and reorganized from such changes. A bibliographic revision about the related subject, a data search and interviews with employees from Volkswagen do Brasil and with members of the Metallurgy Workers Union from great São Paulo (Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos do ABC) were made to make this work possible.