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During the last two decades, the elementary, - secondary-, and upper secondary schools of especially Europe and USA have gone through a change. From being formed in the post war time and, in Europe, very influenced by the ideas of social democracy, the school today has more and more come under the influences of neo liberalism, entrepreneurship and the political and economical situations during the late 1980´s. This undergraduate work brings up the changed discourses of education and knowledge in relation to the traditional free school system for adults in Sweden, the popular education, and especially in relation to folk high schools (folkhögskolor). By using, first and foremost, the idea of Norman Faircloughs critical discourse analysis (CDA) the rules and documents concerning the folk high schools are analyzed. The purpose of the paper is to identify and recognize the movement in the discourse to reach an understanding about the political situation for folk high schools in Sweden. In the end you can see that it is possible to define a similar development in discourse surrounding the popular education, as has been in the case with the elementary, - secondary-, and upper secondary schools.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur folkhögskolor i Sverige hanterar den nya dataskyddsförordningen (nedan nämnd som förordningen eller GDPR) och fokuset har legat på konsekvensbedömning avseende dataskydd. GDPR handlar till stor del om att stärka den personliga integriteten. Konsekvensbedömning avseende dataskydd är ett nytt krav för organisationer som hanterar personuppgifter. Konsekvensbedömning avseende dataskydd handlar om att förebygga hot och sårbarheter samt att göra riskanalyser. Detta gäller säkerheten kring den tekniska biten såsom system där personuppgifter hanteras men även den mänskliga faktorn. Tidigare studier visar att konsekvensbedömning har funnits med länge men konsekvensbedömning för personuppgifter har inte tidigare varit ett krav. Den här studien visar att vissa folkhögskolor är familjära med processen medan vissa inte har utfört en konsekvensbedömning alls. Den här studien visar även att kunskaperna kring hur den nya förordningen påverkar folkhögskolor förbättrades efter ett utbildande webbinarium. Metoden som använts för denna studie är en intervjustudie som innefattar intervjuer med nyckelpersoner på folkhögskolor i Sverige där dessa har haft olika roller för att få en så bred bild som möjligt. Folkhögskolorna har varit på olika stadier i införandet av förordningen men även många likheter har presenterats. För att få fram svar på forskningsfrågan har intervjuer med fem nyckelpersoner på fyra olika folkhögskolor genomförts. Resultaten kommer att analyseras genom en innehållsanalys och genom analysen kommer rapporten kunna presentera en bild av hur folkhögskolor arbetar med personuppgifter, vilka förändringar kring arbetet som har uppkommit men också vilka utmaningar det finns att implementera GDPR och konsekvensbedömning. Sammanfattningsvis så kom det fram att folkhögskolor är olika i arbetet med konsekvensbedömning. Vissa folkhögskolor prioriterar det medan andra inte arbetar alls med det. Ett specifikt svar på hur folkhögskolor påverkas av GDPR och konsekvensbedömning kan inte ges sedan varje folkhögskola är olika varandra. Det kan bero på att folkhögskolor är frivilliga, till skillnad från grundskola och gymnasium och att folkhögskolor ofta drivs av fristående stiftelser. / The purpose of the work is to study how folk high schools in Sweden are handling General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the focus has been on Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA). GDPR is mostly about strengthening personal privacy. PIA is a new requirement for organizations which are handling personal information. PIA is about preventing threats and vulnerabilities and about risk analyses. Both when it comes to security to systems where the personal information is stored but also about human factors. Earlier studies show that privacy impact assessment has been here for a long time but the privacy impact assessment regarding personal data has not been a requirement. This study showed that some of the folk high schools were familiar with the process, while some have never done that before. The study also shows that the knowledge of how the regulation is affecting folk high schools were improved after an educational webinar. The method that has been used for this work is an interview study which is based on interviewing key figures from folk high schools in Sweden. The respondents have mixed roles in the organizations, to get a wider picture. The folk high schools have been on various stages with implementing GDPR but shares similarities. To get an answer for the research question, the study was based on interviews with five key figures from four different folk high schools. The results were analysed based on a content analysis where the report aims to present an image of how the folk high schools are working with personal data, what changes have been made to meet the requirements for GDPR and privacy impact assessment but also what challenges exist when implementing them. The conclusion was that folk high schools are different when it comes to working with privacy impact assessment. Some are prioritizing it while some are not working with it at all. A certain answer to the question cannot be answered since there are differences between folk high schools. One reason for that is because folk high schools are optional, in difference of primary school and high schools, and often run by independent foundations.

In this thesis the vocational orientation of the courses offered - as an expression of the folk high school's self-identity- is analysed. The point of departure was that what the folk high school do, is a way to show what it wants to be and, therefore, reflects what it is. Focus is on how the folk high school meets with contemporary tasks and demands in different areas of society. The research objects are, the folk high school as type of school (a total of 147 schools) and a sample of ten individual schools with different ownership. The study is about what the offered courses reveal about the folk high school's reflections and conclusions as regards its future activities in relation to its history and contemporary society. The theoretical framework of the thesis is built on the sociologist Anthony Giddens 'Theory of Structuration' and the concepts of structure and agency. Reflections about the surrounding world and the contributions the schools' want to make in society is assumed to result in a more or less conscious strategy for the future, the folk high school's course politics as it is expressed in action. The identity has been interpreted in vocational roles as they appear in course contents. The word 'vocation' is used in almost the same sense as Giddens defines 'work'. Self-identity was analysed from three different kinds of texts and with one question for each. In the first perspective focus is on official investigations and political decisions, in the period 1970-2000. What role in society is imposed upon the folk high school in contemporary educational policies? In the second perspective all courses offered at all folk high schools in 1972 and 2000 are studied, in order to present a picture of the overall pattern of vocational orientation. In the third perspective the course politics of the ten selected folk high schools are investigated, from the start of the respective schools, and in relation to what each school thinks it 'is'- with different owners and in its particular geographical situation. One overriding conclusion is that the characteristics that make the identity of the folk high school seem unclear and paradoxical are the very same that constitute the self-identity of the folk high school as being complex and multifaceted. The self-identity seems paradoxical when the vocational orientation presents itself as both preserving traditions and answering to today's needs. In other words, the school 'does what it has always done' (is conservative) and at the same time 'captures new needs and tasks' (is flexible). The folk high school's role and uniqueness in what they actually do can be understood as what I have called 'contemporaneous civic functionaries'. Their profiles emerge when flexibility is based on history. I want to designate 'existential rationality' to the motivating mechanism that seems to at the same time force changes and lean on own experiences. Expressing contemporary self-identity is grounded in the individual tradition as motivationbased values, cultural and geographic conditions.

In this thesis the vocational orientation of the courses offered - as an expression of the folk high school's self-identity- is analysed. The point of departure was that what the folk high school do, is a way to show what it wants to be and, therefore, reflects what it is. Focus is on how the folk high school meets with contemporary tasks and demands in different areas of society. The research objects are, the folk high school as type of school (a total of 147 schools) and a sample of ten individual schools with different ownership. The study is about what the offered courses reveal about the folk high school's reflections and conclusions as regards its future activities in relation to its history and contemporary society. The theoretical framework of the thesis is built on the sociologist Anthony Giddens 'Theory of Structuration' and the concepts of structure and agency. Reflections about the surrounding world and the contributions the schools' want to make in society is assumed to result in a more or less conscious strategy for the future, the folk high school's course politics as it is expressed in action. The identity has been interpreted in vocational roles as they appear in course contents. The word 'vocation' is used in almost the same sense as Giddens defines 'work'. Self-identity was analysed from three different kinds of texts and with one question for each. In the first perspective focus is on official investigations and political decisions, in the period 1970-2000. What role in society is imposed upon the folk high school in contemporary educational policies? In the second perspective all courses offered at all folk high schools in 1972 and 2000 are studied, in order to present a picture of the overall pattern of vocational orientation. In the third perspective the course politics of the ten selected folk high schools are investigated, from the start of the respective schools, and in relation to what each school thinks it 'is'- with different owners and in its particular geographical situation. One overriding conclusion is that the characteristics that make the identity of the folk high school seem unclear and paradoxical are the very same that constitute the self-identity of the folk high school as being complex and multifaceted. The self-identity seems paradoxical when the vocational orientation presents itself as both preserving traditions and answering to today's needs. In other words, the school 'does what it has always done' (is conservative) and at the same time 'captures new needs and tasks' (is flexible). The folk high school's role and uniqueness in what they actually do can be understood as what I have called 'contemporaneous civic functionaries'. Their profiles emerge when flexibility is based on history. I want to designate 'existential rationality' to the motivating mechanism that seems to at the same time force changes and lean on own experiences. Expressing contemporary self-identity is grounded in the individual tradition as motivationbased values, cultural and geographic conditions.