Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:07:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO NICOLLE MARRA IVANOSKI2.pdf: 3628376 bytes, checksum: 17aca111a6601d71609edcded07a5945 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / This work aims to analyze what the formative processes from a very specific reality are the Latin American Institute of Agroecology - Amazonian IALA. For this purpose, some basic premises will be established initially; the first one is related to the importance of comprehending the role of social movement and the strengthening of the Via Campesina international struggle, taking the roots of the Latin-American fight and MST s expressiveness as the main point, detailing the movement s history, its collective actions and the pedagogical elements that compose its formal and non formal educational practices as well. The principle grounds of human formation process and some questions on this matter will be drawn since we defend the centrality of work as an educational principle in this research. Thenceforth, in order to describe and analyze the concept and the organization of the formation processes of the Amazonian IALA, we present some fundamental categories of analyses, such as Self-organization; Omnilateralism; Work and praxis. Through interviews and observations done in field, we attempt to demonstrate the elements that evince these categories as part of the methodological strategies carried in the Amazonian IALA which, differently from the educational practices enrooted in the capitalistic society, consider the collectivity as part of the subject formation and retrieve the educative dimension of work as a theoretical and practical category. Given the main characteristics, challenges and limits of entrenching a counter-hegemonic space of formation aiming to social transformation will be presented too. / O presente trabalho visa analisar quais são os processos formativos a partir de uma realidade específica o Instituto de Agroecologia Latino Americano IALA Amazônico. Para tanto, inicialmente são estabelecidos alguns pressupostos fundamentais; o primeiro está relacionado à importância de compreender o papel dos movimentos sociais e a consolidação da luta internacional da Via Campesina, tomando como ponto central as raízes de luta latino-americanas e a expressividade do MST. Detalhando a história do movimento, suas ações coletivas e os elementos pedagógicos que constituem as práticas educativas formais e não formais. Defendendo a centralidade do trabalho enquanto princípio educativo em toda extensão da obra, serão sistematizadas questões e delineados os fundamentos referentes aos princípios que compõem os processos de formação humana. A partir daí, são elencadas categorias de análise fundamentais para descrever e analisar a concepção e a organização dos processos formativos do IALA Amazônico. São elas: Auto-organização; Omnilateralidade; Trabalho e Práxis. Para categorizar e analisar os processos formativos e os princípios educativos do IALA Amazônico foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo e, por meio de entrevistas e de observações, são demonstrados os elementos que evidenciam que tais categorias fazem parte da estratégia metodológica do IALA Amazônico que, diferentemente das práticas educativas que permeiam a sociedade capitalista, consideram a formação do sujeito na coletividade e resgatam a dimensão educativa do trabalho como categoria teórica e prática. Dadas as principais características, são delineados os limites e os desafios referentes à tarefa de consolidar um espaço de formação contra hegemônico com vistas à transformação social.

Pesquisas recentes apontam para o fenômeno construtivo de sambaquis fluviais na região do médio Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, São Paulo, mais precisamente em três regiões, Itaoca, bacia do rio Jacupiranguinha e bacia do Juquiá, durante, pelo menos, o período de 9000 anos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo definir o perfil de um sambaqui fluvial, sítio Moraes (6000-4000 anos a.P.), no município de Miracatu, SP, com a finalidade de criar a compreensão intra-sítio dos processos formativos envolvidos para a elevação desta estrutura monticular, através de diferentes abordagens: distribuição espacial intra-sítio, tecnologia, subsistência, isótopos estáveis, estudo sedimentológico e análise de proporção componencial volumétrico. Os resultados destas análises associados aos dados advindos de outras pesquisas nos permitiram ampliar a discussão sobre o processo formativo do sítio Moraes e abordar a questão sobre as relações genética e cultural entre sambaquieiros fluviais e os demais grupos vizinhos. / Previous research at the Ribeira de Iguape valley, at the southern part of the State of São Paulo, Brasil, has revealed a long cultural sequence (ca. 11 to 1,2 kyBP) characterized by small shellmound sites generally designated as riverine, or fluvial, sambaquis. Besides the conspicuous presence of a terrestrial gastropod (Megalobulimus sp.) shells, these little mounds also share relevant amounts of human burials and similar technological patterns as regards lithic and bone industries, among other compositional elements. The principal aim of this thesis is to describe one of these mounds, Moraes, investigating the cultural and post-depositional formation processes implied on the long duration (6 to 4 kyBP) construction phase of such mound structure and after its abandonment, by means of zooarchaeological, technological, geochemical and isotopic analysis of its various deposits and cultural components therein, as well as their spatial distribution and articulation. This thesis also discusses the cultural and historical relationships of this fluvial shellmound culture with other cultural patterns and populations found at the same and nearby areas.

This thesis investigates the word formation processes of the neologisms in the Harry Potter books by JK Rowling. The aim is to find the frequencies of these processes and then discuss why the frequency looks this way. By collecting and analysing the neologisms with the help of the classification of Plag (2003) and Ljung (2003), the frequencies of the different formation processes is established. The reasons why the distribution of word formation processes looks this way is then discussed and compared to the background information about the author. The conclusion is that compound is the most frequent word formation of this sample. The arguments why the distribution looks this way could be that the semantic meaning of the Harry Potter words is important and that many of the neologisms are based on humour, mythology and folklore.

O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é o sítio arqueológico Capelinha 1, situado nas proximidades da cidade de Cajati-SP. Tanto sua implantação na paisagem quanto suas características estruturais - particularmente sua composição conchífera - sugerem, em princípio, sua inclusão na categoria dos \"sambaquis fluviais\", encontrados no médio vale do Ribeira. A presença, porém, de uma indústria lítica associada à Tradição Umbu, inserida em uma estratigrafia em que predomina a matriz conchífera, contribui para a indefinição da natureza cultural do sítio e uma conseqüente dificuldade em relacioná-lo ao contexto arqueológico regional. Assim, o objetivo precípuo desta pesquisa é investigar os processos de formação do sítio Capelinha, procurando solucionar as questões por ele apresentadas e inseri-lo no contexto arqueológico do médio vale do Ribeira, com reflexos na arqueologia do Brasil meridional. Esta pesquisa é integrada ao projeto temático Investigações Arqueológicas e Geofísicas nos Sambaquis Fluviais do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, Estado de São Paulo, apoiado pela FAPESP / The study object of this research is the Capelinha 1 archaeological site, located in the outskirts of Cajati-SP. Both its placement in the landscape and its structural characteristics - particularly its conchiferous composition - suggest, initially, its inclusion among the \"fluvial shellmounds\", very common in the Ribeira de Iguape valley. However, the presence of a lithic industry associated to the Umbu Tradition, inserted in a stratigraphy in which the conchiferous matrix is predominant, contributes to the lack of definition of the cultural nature of the site and, consequently, makes it difficult to relate to the regional archaeological context. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the formation processes of the Capelinha 1 site, aiming to solve the many questions presented and incorporating it to the archaeological context of the Ribeira de Iguape valley; this has further consequences in the archaeology of southern Brazil. This research is integrated to the thematic project Investigações Arqueológicas e Geofísicas nos Sambaquis Fluviais do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, Estado de São Paulo.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aims at the university extension within the continuing formation for elementary education teachers. This way, the investigation has brought a profile in relation to the university extentionist actions done in the education field, within the continuing formation of teachers, specifically the extension projects. Under this perspective, the guiding problematic of the thesis has questioned how it is established the dynamics of university extensionist actions within the formation processes of municipal teachers in Santa Maria/RS from the relationship network between the university and the school. In order to understand such problematic, the general objective was to comprehend the extensionist dynamics within the formation process of municipal teachers in Santa Maria/RS. As specific objectives, getting to know how the university extension actions are streamlined in two schools from the Municipal Education System in Santa Maria/RS; identifying which are the conceptions of city teachers about the university extensionist actions; and analyzing how the extensionist activities imply in the continuing formation of teachers in the municipal schools. The investigative study was directed to the principles of qualitative narrative research within social-cultural aspects. This way, there have been eleven teachers from two schools researched and two university professors who were the coordinators in the extension projects taking part. The research has made it possible to highlight the dynamics happening in the extensionist activity while being built from the emergency in the university-school interaction and the university study activity which have developed in an inter-related way, spread through the dimension of the university autonomy. Therefore, this formation dynamics has constituted into inter and auto formation processes. The relationship reciprocity between university and school has generated auto formation in teaching learning processes, emerging as source of the collaborative culture. We highlight the relevance of extensionist actions that privilege reflection and problematics in the school reality as a way of promoting consolidation within studies and research that contribute for better understanding the pedagogical environment, as well as managing a more creative and autonomous way of being and becoming a teacher in the elementary education. / Este estudo teve como foco a extensão universitária na formação continuada de professores da educação básica. Assim, a investigação trouxe um recorte em relação às ações extensionistas universitárias realizadas no campo da educação, na linha da formação continuada de professores, especificamente nos projetos de extensão. Nesta perspectiva, a problemática norteadora da tese questionou como se estabelece a dinâmica de ações extensionistas universitária na formação continuada de professores municipais de Santa Maria/RS a partir da rede de relações entre a universidade e a escola. A fim de compreender esta problemática tivemos como objetivo geral compreender a dinâmica extensionista no processo de formação de professores municipais da Santa Maria/RS. Como objetivos específicos: i) conhecer como são dinamizadas as ações de extensão universitária em duas escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Santa Maria/RS; ii) a identificar quais são as concepções de professores municipais sobre as ações extensionistas universitária; iii) analisar como as atividades extensionistas implicam na formação continuada de professores das escolas municipais. O estudo investigativo direcionou-se aos princípios da pesquisa qualitativa narrativa de cunho sociocultural. Assim, contamos com a participação de onze professores de duas escolas pesquisadas e dois professores universitários coordenadores dos projetos de extensão. A pesquisa realizada permitiu-nos destacar que a dinamização da atividade extensionista foi tecida a partir da emergência das categorias da interação universidade/escola e da atividade formativa docente, as quais se desenvolveram de modo inter-relacionadas permeadas pela dimensão da autonomização docente. Portanto, essa dinâmica extensionista constituiu em processos de inter e autoformação docente, em que a reciprocidade nas relações entre universidade e escola foi geradora desses processos formativos emergindo como fonte da cultura colaborativa. Destacamos a relevância de ações extensionistas que privilegiem a reflexão e a problematização da realidade escolar como forma de promover a consolidação de estudos e pesquisa que colaborem para a melhor compreensão do espaço pedagógico e para a gestão de um modo mais criativo e autônomo de ser e se fazer professor na educação básica.

O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa é o sítio arqueológico Capelinha 1, situado nas proximidades da cidade de Cajati-SP. Tanto sua implantação na paisagem quanto suas características estruturais - particularmente sua composição conchífera - sugerem, em princípio, sua inclusão na categoria dos \"sambaquis fluviais\", encontrados no médio vale do Ribeira. A presença, porém, de uma indústria lítica associada à Tradição Umbu, inserida em uma estratigrafia em que predomina a matriz conchífera, contribui para a indefinição da natureza cultural do sítio e uma conseqüente dificuldade em relacioná-lo ao contexto arqueológico regional. Assim, o objetivo precípuo desta pesquisa é investigar os processos de formação do sítio Capelinha, procurando solucionar as questões por ele apresentadas e inseri-lo no contexto arqueológico do médio vale do Ribeira, com reflexos na arqueologia do Brasil meridional. Esta pesquisa é integrada ao projeto temático Investigações Arqueológicas e Geofísicas nos Sambaquis Fluviais do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, Estado de São Paulo, apoiado pela FAPESP / The study object of this research is the Capelinha 1 archaeological site, located in the outskirts of Cajati-SP. Both its placement in the landscape and its structural characteristics - particularly its conchiferous composition - suggest, initially, its inclusion among the \"fluvial shellmounds\", very common in the Ribeira de Iguape valley. However, the presence of a lithic industry associated to the Umbu Tradition, inserted in a stratigraphy in which the conchiferous matrix is predominant, contributes to the lack of definition of the cultural nature of the site and, consequently, makes it difficult to relate to the regional archaeological context. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the formation processes of the Capelinha 1 site, aiming to solve the many questions presented and incorporating it to the archaeological context of the Ribeira de Iguape valley; this has further consequences in the archaeology of southern Brazil. This research is integrated to the thematic project Investigações Arqueológicas e Geofísicas nos Sambaquis Fluviais do Vale do Ribeira de Iguape, Estado de São Paulo.

随着社会的发展，尤其是互联网的发展，很多语言每年都涌现出了不少新词汇。词语是每个语言最基本也是最重要的组成部分，因此分析这些新词汇的结构特点以及构词法是很有意义的。这篇文章分析了2014年出现在中文里的新词汇和它们的构词方式，论文的目的是为了更好地了解中文词汇的发展和特点。本文以《2014汉语新词语》中公布的2014年出现的新词汇作为语料进行分析，发现了以下两个主要特点：第一，合成法，派生法，缩略法是2014年产生的新词汇的主要构词方式；第二， 百分之七十二的新词汇是多音节词（包含三个或者三个以上音节），而百分之八十的是名词。这些特点说明中文词汇现阶段的特点和发展趋势，跟传统的中文词汇有不同之处。 / The aim of this thesis was to investigate how new Chinese words are formed and to examine the linguistic patterns among them. This thesis focused on the analysis of Chinese words formed in 2014. The quantitative data for the analysis included a collection of 423 new Chinese words from the book 2014 汉语新词语 (hànyǔxīn cíyǔ) by Hou and Zhou. Parts of speech and number of syllables in the new words were investigated, although the focus was on word-formation processes. A discussion of derivation, blending, abbreviation, analogy, borrowing, change of meaning, compounding and inventions is also included. The share of each word-formation process used for each of the new words was presented statistically in order to reveal the significance of each word-formation process. The analysis showed that compounding, derivation and abbreviation were the major word-formation processes in 2014. The study also suggests that words formed by derivation and analogy were much more frequent in 2014, in comparison to previous studies. Furthermore, the ways words are formed in Chinese are changing and evolving, as some word-formation processes are becoming more frequently used in the formation of new words.

This thesis examines the French translation of the 224 neologisms in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the seventh book in J.K. Rowling’s fantasy series. By analyzing the original neologisms and their French equivalents, this research compares the word formation processes used by both the author and the translator, Jean-François Ménard. Additionally, to categorize Ménard’s translation techniques, this study adapts a framework designed by Jacqueline Henry to classify translations of word play. While Ménard uses the same types of word formation as Rowling to create his lexicon, this study reveals that he often chooses a different neological process or distinct lexemes to recreate the effect of the original neologism. To achieve this, Ménard relies on his own creativity and embraces the norms of the French language to give his audience a reading experience comparable to that offered to the readers of the original text. / Graduate

This work explains the types of affixation errors second language learners make when learning English word formation processes, especially derivational and inflectional affixations. The data for the study were collected as primary sources from two secondary schools in Sweden. The data were analyzed with the use of Error Analysis noted by Corder (1967) and the error analysis framework adapted by Ellis et al. (2005, p. 57). The method chosen was to identify, classify, describe,and evaluate derivational and inflectional affixation errors. In total 2,812 answers were retrieved. The results consist of some findings, for example, some of the derivationaland inflectional affixations errors were noticed to be intralingual and interlingual. Also, the nature of the errors issuch that they are either transferred, omissive, additive or substitutive errors. Moreover, the errors were also due to overgeneralization, including substitutionerrors, or additive errors. Previous research findings showedstudents make grammatical errors with letter insertions, letter omission, or substitutionerrors. This study made the same findings as students made errors of letter insertion, letter omission, substitution errors, and errors due to overgeneralization. Some of the most difficult derivational and inflectional affixation errors were also noticed across all the grades.

Conflict Event theory has the potential to change how archaeologists investigate battlefield sites. As a theoretical paradigm, eventful archaeology allows us to give agency to social-structure changing events, going beyond collect artifacts after the battle is over. Coupled with site formation processes, this model allows us to project battle elements to re-create the historical events that occurred at conflict sites. Within this theoretical framework, we can begin to understand why the conflict unfolded in a particular manner. Two site of the Texian Revolution are particularly appropriate to this new theoretical model: the San Jacinto Battleground (SJB), the location of the last battle of the Texian Revolution, and Washington-on-the-Brazos (WOB), the location of the signing of the Texas Declaration of Independence. Merging this theoretical model with an investigation of site formation processes (understanding the matrix in which the artifacts lie) and pulse-domain electromagnetic surveying allows for a much more robust approach to Battlefield Archaeology. Pulse-induction allows for the detection of discrete artifacts in the soil, and is a much more reliable method than the more commonly used magnetometry. Analyzing characteristics of the soil surrounding the artifacts then gives us a third line of inquiry as to why artifacts are in certain locations in the archaeological record, allowing for an explanation as to their quality and quantity. La teoría del Acontecimiento del conflicto tiene el potencial para cambiar cómo arqueólogos investigan sitios de campo de batalla. Como un paradigma teórico, la arqueología llena de acontecimientos nos permite dar agencia a la social-estructura que cambia acontecimientos, yendo más allá de reúne artefactos después de que la batalla esté sobre. Asociado con procesos de formación de sitio, este modelo nos permite proyectar batalla elementos para recrear los acontecimientos históricos que ocurrieron en sitios de conflicto. Dentro de esta armazón teórica, nosotros podemos comenzar a comprender por qué el conflicto desplegó en una manera particular. Dos sitio de la Revolución de Texian es especialmente apropiado a este nuevo modelo teórico: el San Campo de batalla de Jacinto (SJB), la ubicación de la última batalla de la Revolución de Texian, y de Washington en el Brazos (WOB), la ubicación del firmar de la Declaración de Tejas de Independencia. Unir este modelo teórico con una investigación de sitúa procesos de formación (comprendiendo la matriz en la que los artefactos están) y el pulso-dominio inspeccionar electromagnético tiene en cuenta un enfoque mucho más robusto a la Arqueología del Campo de batalla. La pulso-inducción tiene en cuenta el descubrimiento de artefactos distintos en la tierra, y es un método mucho más seguro que el magnetometry más comúnmente utilizado. Analizar características de la tierra que rodea los artefactos entonces nos dan una tercera línea de indagación en cuanto a por qué artefactos están en ciertas ubicaciones en el registro arqueológico, teniendo en cuenta una explicación en cuanto a su calidad y la cantidad.