The study describes the future goals and concerns of institutionalized adolescents, and also identifies their attitudes towards the past, the present and the future, comparing them with a group of non-institutionalized adolescents with similar characteristics. It is a descriptive study with a transversal design, of 34 institutionalized and 41 non-institutionalized adolescents between 15 to 17 years old. The instruments were the Motivational Induction Method (MIM) and the Time Attitude Scale (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Goals are related to interpersonal contacts, the self-realization and the self. Institutionalized adolescents show more goals related to the development of aptitudes and a major necessity of interpersonal contacts associated with the fear of the damage caused by settling these relationships. / Se describen las metas a futuro y preocupaciones que los adolescentes institucionalizados poseen y se identifican las actitudes temporales que presentan hacia el pasado, presente y futuro, comparándolas con un grupo de adolescentes no institucionalizados de similares características. Es un estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal en el que participaron 34 adolescentes institucionalizados y 41 no institucionalizados de 15 a 17 años. Los instrumentos fueron el Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM) y la Escala de Actitudes Temporales (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Se encontró que las metas se orientan principalmente hacia los contactos interpersonales, el deseo de autorrealización y el sí mismo. No obstante, los adolescentes institucionalizados muestran una mayor cantidad de metas relativas al desarrollo de aptitudes y una mayor necesidad de establecer contactos interpersonales, ligada, a su vez, a temores en torno al daño que se puede generar al entablar dichas relaciones.

A core construct in the lifespan theory of socioemotional selectivity, future time perspective (FTP) refers to individuals’ perceptions of their remaining time in life. Its adaptation to the work context, occupational future time perspective (OFTP), entails workers’ perceptions of remaining time and opportunities in their careers. Over the past decade, several quantitative studies have investigated antecedents and consequences of general FTP and OFTP in the work context (i.e., FTP at work). We systematically review and critically discuss this literature on general FTP (k = 17 studies) and OFTP (k = 16 studies) and highlight implications for future research and practice. Results of our systematic review show that, in addition to its strong negative relationship with age, FTP at work is also associated with other individual (e.g., personality traits) and contextual variables (e.g., job characteristics). Moreover, FTP at work has been shown to mediate and moderate relationships of individual and contextual antecedents with occupational well-being, as well as motivational and behavioral outcomes. As a whole, findings suggest that FTP at work is an important variable in the field of work and aging, and that future research should improve the ways in which FTP at work is measured and results on FTP at work are reported.

Health behavior change may prevent many fatal diseases, and may be influenced by social and motivational constructs. We assessed the interaction effect of future time perspective and basic psychological need fulfillment on positive and negative health behaviors. Future time perspective was associated with more positive, and less negative, health behaviors. Need fulfillment was associated with only positive health behaviors. In moderation analyses, individuals reporting both high need fulfillment and future perspective reported greater positive health behaviors, and were especially unlikely to smoke. Enhancing future-mindedness and supporting need satisfaction in interventions targeting modifiable health behaviors is encouraged.

The present  research studies Satisfaction  with  Life and Future Time Perspective, in itsdifferent dimensions (goals, temporal location of goals and temporal altitudes), from adolescence to elder ages. This study evaluated 570 males and females between 16 and 65 years old, from two different socioeconomic levels in Lima, Peru, through a non­ experimental, evolutionary transversal design. Tools used in this research were the Motivational Induction Method (MIM) and the Temporal Altitudes Scale (TAS) by Nultin (1985), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) by Pavot & Diener (1993). Results show that there are significan! differences on the construction and temporal Iocation of goals, altitudes towards present, past and future and in the levels of Life Satisfaction due to the variable age. lt was also found that socioeconomic leve! influences these processes more than gender. / Este estudio aborda los constructos de Perspectiva Temporal Futura, en sus diferentes dimensiones (Metas, ubicación temporal de las metas y Actitudes Temporales) y de Satisfacción con la vida, desde la adolescencia en adelante. A través de un diseño no experimental, evolutivo transversal, se evaluó a 570 personas de ambos sexos entre los 16 y los 65 años, de dos niveles socioeconómicos de Lima, Perú. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM), la Escala de Actitudes Temporales (TAS) de Nuttin (1985) y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) de Pavot y Diener  (1993). Los resultados muestran que la edad supone diferencias importantes en la construcción de las metas y su ubicación temporal, así como en las actitudes hacia el presente, pasado y futuro y en los ni veles de satisfacción. Asimismo, evidencia que el nivel socioeconómico, más que el sexo, influye en estos procesos.

abstract: Built upon Control Value Theory, this dissertation consists of two studies that examine university students’ future-oriented motivation, socio-emotional regulation, and diurnal cortisol patterns in understanding students’ well-being in the academic-context. Study 1 examined the roles that Learning-related Hopelessness and Future Time Perspective Connectedness play in predicting students’ diurnal cortisol patterns, diurnal cortisol slope (DS) and cortisol awakening response (CAR). Self-reported surveys were collected (N = 60), and diurnal cortisol samples were provided over two waves, the week before a mid-term examination (n = 46), and the week during students’ mid-term (n = 40). Using multi-nomial logistic regression, results showed that Learning-related Hopelessness was not predictive of diurnal cortisol pattern change after adjusting for key covariates; and that Future Time Perspective Connectedness predicted higher likelihood for students to have low CAR across both waves of data collection. Study 2 examined students’ future-oriented motivation (Future Time Perspective Value) and socio-emotional regulation (Effortful Control and Social Support) in predicting diurnal cortisol patterns over the course of a semester. Self-reported surveys were collected (N = 67), and diurnal cortisol samples were provided over three waves of data collection, at the beginning of the semester (n = 63), during a stressful academic period (n = 47), and during a relaxation phase near the end of the semester (n = 43). Results from RM ANCOVA showed that Non-academic Social Support was negatively associated with CAR at the beginning of the semester. Multi-nomial logistics regression results indicated that Future Time Perspective Value and Academic Social Support jointly predicted CAR pattern change. Specifically, the interaction term marginally predicted a higher likelihood of students switching from having high CAR at the beginning or stressful times in the semester to having low CAR at the end the semester, compared to those who had low CAR over all three waves. The two studies have major limits in sample size, which restricted the full inclusion of all hypothesized covariates in statistical models, and compromised interpretability of the data. However, the methodology and theoretical implications are unique, providing contributions to educational research, specifically with regard to post-secondary students’ academic experience and well-being. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Family and Human Development 2017

Cette thèse a pour objectif de proposer un cadre global dans l’étude de l’influence des conséquences identitaires du chômage sur la réinsertion professionnelle. La Partie I propose une revue de littérature ancrée dans les théories du Soi, et pointe l’intérêt de la prise en compte de la perspective future dans l’étude du chômage et de la réinsertion. La Partie II s’intéresse aux stéréotypes des demandeurs d’emploi (Manuscrit 1) et montre l’influence négative du chômage sur les concepts de soi actuels et futurs de ces personnes (Manuscrit 2). Elle traite aussi de l’influence des processus d’identification actuelle à l’endogroupe et future à l’exogroupe de salariés (Manuscrit 3) sur le pessimisme. Un dernier manuscrit œuvre à déterminer différents profils d’identification et leur impact sur le stress (Shortnote 1). Les études présentées dans la partie III sont centrées sur les antécédents de la recherche d’emploi. Un premier manuscrit présente la validation d’une nouvelle mesure, celle de motivation à (re)travailler (Manuscrit 4). Deux autres manuscrits s’intéressent au construit de Considération pour les Conséquences Futures, le premier en proposant une validation française de l’outil (Manuscrit 5) et un second ayant pour but de montrer l’intérêt d’étudier ce construit à un niveau contextuel (Manuscrit 6). Ces deux nouvelles mesures permettent de proposer un modèle temporel de la recherche d’emploi présenté dans un dernier document (Shortnote 2). Enfin, la Partie IV présente les premiers éléments statuant de l’influence de l’identification sur le modèle de la recherche d’emploi. Une discussion sur les apports et les ouvertures de ce travail doctoral conclut ce document. / This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive framework in the study of identity consequences of unemployment on vocational rehabilitation. Part I offers a review of the literature rooted in the theories of the Self, and points to the interest of taking into account future time perspective in the study of unemployment and reintegration. Part II takes an interest in the jobseekers’ stereotypes (Manuscript 1) and shows the negative impact of unemployment on current and future self-concepts of jobseekers (Manuscript 2). It also deals with the influence of identification processes –actual to the in-group and future to the out-group of workers- on the pessimism of job-seekers (Manuscript 3). A last manuscript aims at identifying specific identification profiles and study their impact on perceived stress (Shortnote 1). Studies presented in Part III focus on job search antecedents. A first manuscript presents the creation and validation of a new measure of the motivation to work again (manuscript 4). Two other manuscripts deal with another important construct – the Consideration for Future Consequences-, the first with the objective of validating a version of the tool in French (Manuscript 5) and the second with the aim of showing the interest to consider this construct at a contextual level of generality (Manuscript 6). Those two new measures helped to test for a temporal model of job search that is presented in a last manuscript (Shortnote 2). The fourth part focuses her to present the first elements which argue in favor of identification influence on the temporal job search model. A discussion on the contributions and openings of this doctoral work concludes this document.

Cette thèse vise à apporter des éléments de réponse au sujet du statut théorique de la Perspective Temporelle (PT) et plus précisément de l’extension temporelle future (mesurée par l’échelle Consideration of Future Consequences - CFC). Nous centrant sur l’idée de double contextualisation, nos résultats montrent, d’une part, que la CFC a bien un rôle contextualisant puisqu’elle influence la façon dont les individus appréhendent les problématiques environnementales. Si cette dimension contextualisante est bien établie dans la littérature, nous montrons d’autre part que l’effet de la CFC est un effet contextualisé, dépendant des enjeux sociaux associés à la situation. Cet angle d’approche de l’expérience temporelle est moins exploré dans la littérature, alors que c’est justement cette nécessaire prise en compte du contexte qui fonde l’approche psychosociale et la distingue d’une approche plus différentialiste. Afin de mettre en évidence cet effet contextualisé, nous avons d’abord montré que la CFC était dépendante de l’insertion sociale des sujets. Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence le caractère dynamique et socialement inscrit de la relation entre CFC et comportements écocitoyens, médiatisée par la perception des risques écologiques, variable sociocognitive. Dans une visée de triangulation, nous avons également réalisé une série de recherches expérimentales dans le cadre du paradigme de la communication engageante. Les résultats indiquent que le score de CFC des sujets influence leur sensibilité aux arguments présentés dans un message persuasif et leur acceptation face à une requête coûteuse engageante (rôle contextualisant), ces effets étant modulés par le contexte (condition contrôle vs. communication persuasive vs. communication engageante). Enfin, nous avons observé qu’il était possible de modifier, au moins momentanément, la sensibilité des sujets aux conséquences à long terme de leurs comportements dans le cadre d’une procédure de communication engageante. / This thesis aims to provide elements about the theoretical status of Time Perspective (TP), and more specifically of future time extension (as measured by the Consideration of Future Consequences scale - CFC). Focusing on the idea of double contextualization, our results show, on the one hand, that CFC plays a contextualizing role since it influences the way in which individuals apprehend environmental issues. If this contextualizing role is well established, we show on the other hand that the effect of CFC is a contextualized effect, depending on the social issues associated with the situation. This way of dealing with time experience is less explored in the literature, whereas it is precisely by taking account the context that a psychosocial approach distinguishes itself from a more personality-based conception. To highlight this contextualized effect, we first showed that CFC was dependent on the social insertion of the subjects. We then put in evidence the dynamic and socially marked character of the relationship between CFC and pro-environmental behaviors, mediated by the perception of ecological risks, a socio-cognitive variable. In an aim of triangulation, we also conducted a series of experimental research based on the binding communication paradigm. The results indicate that the CFC score influences the sensitivity to the arguments of a persuasive message and the acceptance of a costly query (contextualizing role), these effects being modulated by the context (control condition vs. persuasive communication vs. binding communication). Finally, we observed that it was possible to modify, at least momentarily, the sensitivity about long-term consequences of behaviors through a binding communication procedure.

Although population aging requires that employees increasingly work beyond traditional retirement ages, negative age stereotypes often portray older workers as unwilling or unable to work longer. However, recent lifespan developmental research suggests that there are significant individual differences in how fixed versus malleable people perceive the aging process possibly affecting how they envision their occupational future. We develop and test a theoretical model on the role of essentialist beliefs about aging (i.e., the extent to which people believe that aging is an immutable, genetically determined process) in shaping occupational future time perspective and, in turn, motivation to continue working beyond retirement age. Specifically, we hypothesized that older workers (40–65 years) who more strongly endorse essentialist beliefs about aging will be less motivated to continue working beyond retirement age, because they have a more constrained occupational future time perspective. On the basis of a three-wave study (N = 617) and an experiment (N = 358), we find evidence for our proposed indirect effect model, above and beyond previously established control variables (e.g., age, income, health, and age stereotypes). Our findings advance theorizing on work motivation in later adulthood and have important organizational implications in the context of demographic change.

Previous research using future time perspective or possible selves frameworks provided evidence that learners with definite and elaborate goals, and future self-guides are more motivated in school tasks (Reeve, 2009; Yowell, 2000), exert more effort, demonstrate persistence, and show greater performance (De Volder & Lens, 1982; Lens et al., 2002; Simons et al., 2000), and learners with positive possible selves were better able to face failure, demonstrated better performance, had higher levels of self-esteem, showed more persistence on tasks, and depicted greater motivation (Cross & Markus, 1994; Oyserman et al., 2004; Unemori et al., 2004). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of future orientation constructs, future time perspective and possible selves, on Turkish college level learners' motivation to learn English and their identity construction, and how future projections of themselves as L2 users (the ideal L2 self, the ought-to L2 self, and feared L2 self) impacted their motivation to learn English and their identities. A total of 299 Turkish graduate students studying in the United States participated in the study. Also, this study examined the extent to which adding a measure of the feared L2 self construct contributed to explaining motivation to learn English and identity construction. The data were collected via surveys and interviews, and they were analyzed quantitatively, using qualitative data for triangulation. Findings suggested that the L2 motivational self-system (Dornyei, 2005, 2009) contributed to explaining Turkish learners' motivation to learn English and their oriented identities. Also, adding a feared L2 self variable to measures of the L2 motivational self system could help explain learners' identity construction but not their language learning motivation. In addition, future time perspective connectedness and value were not useful in explaining the L2 motivation, but future connectedness was found to be related to the ideal L2 self and feared L2 self, and valuing the future goals was related to the ought-to L2 self. Qualitative data showed that learners presented combination of several identities, including national and oriented. They imagined themselves as professional and successful English users, and their L2 related worries included losing their native language and being seen as "assimilated" or as "showing off" individuals. / text

This diploma thesis is focused on relationship between time perspective and wisdom. The aim of this paper was firstly to transfer Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS) into Czech environment and test its psychometric properties, and secondly to explore relationships between wisdom conceptualized using above mentioned scale and time perspective. The sample encompassed 196 respondents. In order to measure time perspective Swedish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) and the Transcendental-Future Time Perspective scale were used; in order to explore wisdom Czech version of the Three- Dimensional Wisdom Scale was applied. Both newly translated questionnaires showed good psychometric properties in Czech sample. Balanced time perspective was calculated via two different methods and was related to education and health state. Only a very few respondents achieved optimal scores for BTP as well as for wisdom. Czech respondents scored the highest in reflective wisdom dimension and the lowest in the affective wisdom dimension. Women scored higher than men in affective subscale. Wisdom subscales and total wisdom had complex relations with different time perspectives. BTP was posivitely correlated with wisdom. Women scored higher than men in TFTP. This time perspective correlated with...