[pt] A tese de doutorado tem por objetivo avaliar os impactos decorrentes da implementação de estratégias de eficientizacão energética na indústria de papel e celulose. A motivação pela escolha do tema resultou da necessidade de obter ganhos de energia considerando aspectos que, usualmente, não são considerando em programas de eficiência de energética (i.e.: aspectos sociais, técnicos, econômicos e ambientais). A metodologia utilizada –Método Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Fuzzy-AHP-TOPSIS– (i) permitiu selecionar as tecnologias de eficientização aplicáveis ao subsetor de papel e celulose e (ii) possibilitou avaliar a influência de cada critério e subcritério na hierarquização de alternativas de eficientização energética. Os resultados consolidados permitiram: (i) confirmar que mudanças tanto nos processos, quantos nas tecnologias transversais do subsetor de papel e celulose devem ser implementadas; (ii) identificar os principais critérios decorrentes da eficientização energética no âmbito social, técnico, econômico e ambiental. Como conclusão, a pesquisa avaliou a relevância de cada critério, sugerindo, inclui-los em programas brasileiros de eficiência energética. Assim, a pesquisa legitima a sua contribuição para o setor energético brasileiro, promovendo o desenvolvimento de novos estudos na área de eficiência energética. / [en] The goal of this work is to evaluate the impacts of the implementation of energy efficiency strategies in the pulp and paper industry. The motivation for choosing the theme resulted from the need to obtain energy gains considering aspects that, usually not considered in energy efficiency programs (i.e.: social, technical, economical and environmental aspects). The methodology used –Multicriteria Decision Making Method Fuzzy-AHP-TOPSIS – (i) allowed to select the efficiency technologies applicable to the pulp and paper sub-sector and (ii) made it possible to evaluate the influence of each criterion and sub-criterion in the hierarchy of alternatives of energy efficiency. The consolidated results allowed: (i) to confirm that changes in the processes and in the transversal technologies of the pulp and paper subsector must be implemented; (ii) identify the main criteria resulting from energy efficiency in social, technical, economic and environmental aspects. As a conclusion, this work evaluated the relevance of each criterion, suggesting that it be included in Brazilian energy efficiency programs. Thus, the research legitimizes its contribution to the Brazilian energy sector, promoting the development of new studies in the area of energy efficiency.

Global competition is growing for companies everywhere and the demand for new and improved products are rising for each day that passes. The globalization brings new opportunities as well as new challenges since companies need to stay up to date and implement new technologies to stay competitive. Not only do customers want up to date products, they also want high quality, low price and individualized products, customized for their needs. This puts high demand on manufacturing companies to adapt their businesses, increase product diversity and to being able to introduce new variations and new products quickly.  Since the drastic evolution of technology has increased the competitiveness of industrial companies, and the mass customization demands have increased, the necessity to investigate potential system alternatives towards improving production processes, with the help from the new technology, is required. One way of doing this is to revaluate one's assembly layouts since the layout design decision is highly connected to the product portfolio and the production volumes. The specific objective of this thesis is to broaden the case company’s, ABB, knowledge on ways their assembly of large robots can be improved with the focus on potential future assembly solutions. The overall aim of this thesis work is to identify state-of-the-art possible layout design alternatives, evaluate their performances and finding a method of choosing the final layout approach. This is answered by research questions connected to plant layout selection methodology, plant layout options and finally recommendations for the case company. The methodology chosen for deciding the recommended layout is the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process which is a multi-criteria decision-making tool suitable for decision problems with a hierarchical structure, having main attributes and sub attributes connected to each main attribute. Twenty-four attributes were created and ten layouts based on company observations and a literature study. The layout with the highest score was a layout based on a modernized version of the common fixed position layout. The overall recommendation for the case company was to focus on having a layout in the future with focus on a high technology level as well as high flexibility, for also receiving high performance.

The increased demand for biofuels is expected to put additional strain on the available agricultural resources while at the same time causing environmental degradation. Hence, new energy policies need to be formulated and implemented in order to meet global energy needs while reducing the impact of biofuels farming and production. This research focuses on proving a decision support system which can aid the formulation of policies for the sustainable biofuel production. The system seeks to address policy formulation that requires reconciliation of the qualitative aspects of decision making (such as stakeholder’s viewpoints) with quantitative data, which often may be imprecise. To allow this, based on: Fuzzy logic and Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) in the form of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Using these concepts, three software functionalities, “Options vs. Fuzzy Criteria Matrix”, “Analytical Hierarchy Process” and “Fuzzy AHP” were developed. These were added within the framework of pre-existing base software, Compendium (developed by the Open University, UK). A number of case study based models have been investigated using the software. These models made use of data from the Philippines and India in order to pinpoint suitable land and crop options for these countries. The models based on AHP and Fuzzy AHP were very successful in identifying suitable crop options for India by capturing both the stakeholder viewpoints and quantitative data. The software functionalities are very effective in scenario planning and selection of policies that would be beneficial in achieving a desired future scenario. The models further revealed that the newly developed software correctly identified many of the important issues in a consistent manner.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:10:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joel.pdf: 1373421 bytes, checksum: 9493a0d93e7c7b57b98f34a2d9660992 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-13 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The transport infrastructure is essential to the socioeconomic development of a nation. In Brazil, the infrastructure is inefficient and does not meet the potential growth of its different regions. In the state of Amazonas, the situation is critical, because the peculiar characteristics of their climatic and environmental conditions hamper regional mobility. This directly impacts on the productive sector, as the main agent of economic development of the State, the Industrial Pole of Manaus - PIM suffers directly with the conditions of the modal area. The problems related to transport infrastructure are usually from poor management of financial resources and lack of appropriate tools for decision-making in public investments. In this sense, the use of tools that effectively assist the selection of public projects, can provide substantial improvements to society. This study aims to evaluate the applicability of fuzzy AHP model to support decision making in the selection of investment projects to the transportation infrastructure that meet the PIM. The method is based on a complex representation by a hierarchical structure, which consists of defining the main objective and decomposition of the system at different levels, enabling the visualization of the entire system and its components, being used mainly in the treatment the uncertainty and imprecision inherent in decision-making. With the satisfactory outcome of applicability, the AHP fuzzy proved consistently apply the PIM scenario where the uncertainties and inaccurate information are present, besides being a good communication tool between stakeholders. / A infraestrutura de transportes é essencial ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico de uma nação. No Brasil, a infraestrutura é ineficiente e não atende ao potencial crescimento de suas diferentes regiões. No estado do Amazonas, a situação é crítica, pois as características peculiares de suas condições climáticas e ambientais dificultam a mobilidade regional. Isso impacta diretamente no setor produtivo, já que o principal agente do desenvolvimento econômico do Estado, o Polo Industrial de Manaus PIM sofre diretamente com as condições dos modais da região. Os problemas relacionados à infraestrutura de transportes são normalmente oriundos da má gestão de recursos financeiros e à ausência de ferramentas apropriadas à tomada de decisão em investimentos públicos. Nesse sentido, o uso de ferramentas que auxiliem com eficácia a seleção de projetos públicos, pode propiciar melhorias substanciais para a sociedade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade do modelo AHP Fuzzy como suporte a tomada de decisão na seleção de projetos de investimentos para a infraestrutura de transporte que atendam ao PIM. O método tem como base a representação de um problema complexo por meio de uma estrutura hierárquica, que consiste da definição do objetivo principal e decomposição do sistema em vários níveis, possibilitando a visualização do sistema como um todo e seus componentes, sendo utilizado principalmente no tratamento da incerteza e imprecisão inerentes à tomada de decisões. Com o resultado satisfatório da aplicabilidade, o método AHP fuzzy mostrou-se aplicável de forma coerente ao cenário do PIM, onde as incertezas e informações imprecisas estão presentes, além de ser uma boa ferramenta de comunicação entre as partes interessadas.

本研究主要目的為透過灰色區間數的概念，利用其解決小樣本不確定問題的特性，修正在模糊層級分析法 (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, FAHP) 下專家 (評估小組) 意見回饋時的不確定因素來進行供應商評選，使專家 (評估小組) 在進行指標或構面間比較時，能夠反映最真實的意見。 研究方法以模糊層級分析法為基礎進行供應商選擇，藉由模糊數概念解決舊有分析層級程序法中主觀及不精確的問題，並透過灰色區間數的概念，利用其解決小樣本不確定問題的特性，解決在進行模糊層級分析過程時，評選人員數量少而導至意見回饋樣本數較少，難以估算的問題；或評估人員對於語意尺度認知不明確，而成意見回饋時的不精確，避免因為這些原因，造成評估結果不準確，導至決策的偏差。 透過專家 (評估小組) 針對需求擬定參考構面及構面下的指標，利用層級的結構，將其做有系統的連結，透過專家 (評估小組) 針對各構面及各構面下指標間的強弱依據的回答，依此結果進行分析層級程序法的計算，找出各構面及各構面下指標間權重，進行供應商評選。 本研究實驗設計假設情境為在MTO生產流程下，透過系統動態學建構流程模型，模擬製造商生產運作。另外再設立專家意見實驗組及對照組，藉由同組評估小組填答不同意見所得的權重，加乘模擬所產生的供應商基本資料轉換為相對強度得分，進行研究方法運算，再比對模擬產生之績效結果，驗證所選供應商績效的確是最佳，驗證本研究所提出之選商方法確實有效。 / In the environment of globalization, the cooperation between enterprises and the suppliers has changed closeness into diversity. How to look for the best supplier in the use of objectivity in order to meet the need of product becomes very important. Nowadays, every industry aims at the international and various developments. Materials that consist in a product may come from every corners of the world; in that case, we have more choices in picking the suitable copartner. However, the standard of the suppliers has a big influence in the production quality. This research based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) use to supplier selection. Use fuzzy number to solve the problems about subjective and imprecise in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). And solve the problem about small sample and uncertain situation, sometimes come about who can’t clearly understand the meaning about item to choice, during jury making decision by Grey Interval Numbers. This situation may bring about incorrect results and wrong decision. This research makes a case under the MTO (make-to-order) producing process by SCOR model. Build the System Dynamic process model to simulate the supplier’s production process. And there have two different questionnaires result every different item’s weight. Herewith prove using this research method to select supplier is feasible and efficacious. Based on the evaluation criteria of need, we hope that enterprises can make an objective and correct decision in choosing the appropriate supplier.

[pt] Na perspectiva de estimular o aprimoramento do processo de gestão da inovação pelas micro, pequenas e médias empresas (MPMEs) brasileiras e contribuir para formulação ou revisão de políticas públicas de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CTeI) voltadas para esse segmento, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo geral propor um modelo para monitorar e avaliar a capacidade inovativa de MPMEs. A pesquisa pode ser considerada descritiva, metodológica e aplicada. A partir dos resultados da revisão bibliográfica e documental sobre os temas centrais da pesquisa, desenvolveu-se um modelo para mensuração e avaliação da capacidade inovativa de MPMEs, com base na integração de dois métodos multicritério fuzzy de apoio à decisão – Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) e Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS). Visando demonstrar a aplicabilidade desse modelo no contexto das MPMEs e explicitar seus diferenciais metodológicos em comparação a outros métodos de apoio à decisão, não combinados com a teoria de conjuntos fuzzy, realizou-se um estudo junto a 15 MPMEs participantes do Programa NAGI da PUC-Rio. Destacam-se como principais contribuições da pesquisa um modelo para mensuração e avaliação da capacidade inovativa de MPMEs, que considera a complexidade, subjetividade e incerteza como características inerentes a essa atividade, e um conjunto de indicadores compostos associados às três dimensões de capacidade inovativa contempladas no modelo proposto. / [en] From the perspective of stimulating the improvement of the process of innovation management by micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and contributing to the formulation or review of public policies concerning the area of Science, Technology and Innovation (CTandI), focusing on this segment, the aim of the dissertation is to propose a model to monitor and evaluate the innovative capacity of MSMEs. This research can be classified as descriptive, methodological and applied. From the bibliographic and documentary review on the central themes of the research, a model was developed to measure and evaluate the innovative capacity of MSMEs based on the integration of two fuzzy multi-criteria methods of decision support - Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS). Aiming to demonstrate the applicability of this model in the context of MSMEs and to explicit its methodological differentials in comparison to other methods for measuring the innovative capacity of enterprises, an empirical study with 15 MSMEs participants of the NAGI Program at PUC-Rio was carried out during the applied phase of this research. The main contributions are a model for measuring and evaluating the innovative capacity of MSMEs, which considers the complexity, subjectivity, and uncertainty as characteristics inherent to these activities, and a set of composed indicators associated with the three dimensions of the innovative capacity considered in the proposed model.

Tesis por compendio / [ES] La oportunidad en la atención es uno de los críticos de mayor relevancia en la satisfacción de los pacientes que acuden a los servicios de Urgencias. Por tal motivo, las instituciones prestadoras de servicio y las organizaciones gubernamentales deben propender conjuntamente por una atención cada vez más oportuna a costos operacionales razonables. En el caso de la Red Pública en Servicios de Urgencias de Barrannquilla, compuesta por 8 puntos de atención y 2 hospitales, la tendencia marca un continuo crecimiento de la oportunidad en la atención con una tasa de 3,08 minutos/semestre y una probabilidad del 93,13% de atender a los pacientes después de una espera mayor a 30 minutos. Lo anterior se constituye en un síntoma inequívoco de la incapacidad de la Red para satisfacer los estándares de oportunidad establecidos por el Ministerio de Salud, hecho que podría desencadenar el desarrollo de sintomatologías de mayor complejidad, el incremento de la probabilidad de mortalidad, el requerimiento de servicios clínicos más complejos (hospitalización y cuidados intensivos) y el aumento de los costos asociados al servicio. En consecuencia, la presente tesis doctoral presenta el rediseño de la Red Pública en Servicios de Urgencias anteriormente mencionada a fin de otorgar a la población diana un servicio eficiente y altamente oportuno donde tanto las instituciones prestadoras del servicio como los organismos gubernamentales converjan efectivamente. Para ello, fue necesaria la ejecución de 4 grandes fases a través de las cuales se consolidó una propuesta orientada al desarrollo efectivo y sostenible de las operaciones de la Red. Primero, se caracterizó la Red Pública de Servicios de Urgencias en Salud considerando su comportamiento actual en términos de demanda y oportunidad de la atención. Luego, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, se identificaron los enfoques metodológicos que se han implementado para la mejora de la oportunidad y otros indicadores de rendimiento asociados al servicio de Urgencias. Posteriormente, se diseñó una metodología para la creación de redes de Urgencias eficientes y sostenibles la cual luego se validó en la Red Pública sudamericana a fin de disminuir la oportunidad de atención promedio en Urgencias y garantizar la distribución equitativa de los beneficios financieros derivados de la colaboración. Finalmente, se construyó un modelo multicriterio que permitió evaluar el rendimiento de los departamentos de Urgencia e impulsó la creación de estrategias de mejora focalizadas en incrementar su respuesta ante la demanda cambiante, los críticos de satisfacción y las condiciones de operación estipuladas en la ley. Los resultados de esta aplicación evidenciaron que los pacientes que acceden a la Red tienden a esperar en promedio 201,6 min con desviación de estándar de 81,6 min antes de ser atendidos por urgencia. Por otro lado, de acuerdo con la revisión de literatura, la combinación de técnicas de investigación de operaciones, ingeniería de la calidad y analítica de datos es ampliamente recomendada para abordar este problema. En ese sentido, una metodología basada en modelos colaterales de pago, simulación de procesos y lean seis sigma fue propuesta y validada generando un rediseño de Red cuya oportunidad de atención promedio podría disminuir entre 6,71 min y 9,08 min con beneficios financieros promedio de US$29,980/nodo. En último lugar, un modelo compuesto por 8 criterios y 35 sub-criterios fue diseñado para evaluar el rendimiento general de los departamentos de Urgencias. Los resultados del modelo evidenciaron el rol crítico de la infraestructura (Peso global = 21,5%) en el rendimiento de los departamentos de Urgencia y la naturaleza interactiva de la Seguridad del Paciente (C + R = 12,771). / [CA] L'oportunitat en l'atenció és un dels crítics de major rellevància en la satisfacció dels pacients que acudeixen als serveis d'Urgències. Per tal motiu, les institucions prestadores de servei i les organitzacions governamentals han de propendir conjuntament per una atenció cada vegada més oportuna a costos operacionals raonables. En el cas de la Xarxa Pública en Serveis d'Urgències de Barrannquilla, composta per 8 punts d'atenció i 2 hospitals, la tendència marca un continu creixement de l'oportunitat en l'atenció amb una taxa de 3,08 minuts / semestre i una probabilitat de l' 93,13% d'atendre els pacients després d'una espera major a 30 minuts. L'anterior es constitueix en un símptoma inequívoc de la incapacitat de la Xarxa per satisfer els estàndards d'oportunitat establerts pel Ministeri de Salut, fet que podria desencadenar el desenvolupament de simptomatologies de major complexitat, l'increment de la probabilitat de mortalitat, el requeriment de serveis clínics més complexos (hospitalització i cures intensives) i l'augment dels costos associats a el servei. En conseqüència, la present tesi doctoral presenta el redisseny de la Xarxa Pública en Serveis d'Urgències anteriorment esmentada a fi d'atorgar a la població diana un servei eficient i altament oportú on tant les institucions prestadores de el servei com els organismes governamentals convergeixin efectivament. Per a això, va ser necessària l'execució de 4 grans fases a través de les quals es va consolidar una proposta orientada a el desenvolupament efectiu i sostenible de les operacions de la Xarxa. Primer, es va caracteritzar la Xarxa Pública de Serveis d'Urgències en Salut considerant el seu comportament actual en termes de demanda i oportunitat de l'atenció. Després, a través d'una revisió sistemàtica de la literatura, es van identificar els enfocaments metodològics que s'han implementat per a la millora de l'oportunitat i altres indicadors de rendiment associats a el servei d'Urgències. Posteriorment, es va dissenyar una metodologia per a la creació de xarxes d'Urgències eficients i sostenibles la qual després es va validar a la Xarxa Pública sud-americana a fi de disminuir l'oportunitat d'atenció mitjana a Urgències i garantir la distribució equitativa dels beneficis financers derivats de la col´laboració. Finalment, es va construir un model multicriteri que va permetre avaluar el rendiment dels departaments d'Urgència i va impulsar la creació d'estratègies de millora focalitzades en incrementar la seva resposta davant la demanda canviant, els crítics de satisfacció i les condicions d'operació estipulades en la llei. Els resultats d'aquesta aplicació van evidenciar que els pacients que accedeixen a la Xarxa tendeixen a esperar de mitjana 201,6 min amb desviació d'estàndard de 81,6 min abans de ser atesos per urgència. D'altra banda, d'acord amb la revisió de literatura, la combinació de tècniques d'investigació d'operacions, enginyeria de la qualitat i analítica de dades és àmpliament recomanada per abordar aquest problema. En aquest sentit, una metodologia basada en models col´laterals de pagament, simulació de processos i llegeixin 6 sigma va ser proposada i validada generant un redisseny de Xarxa la oportunitat d'atenció mitjana podria disminuir entre 6,71 min i 9,08 min amb beneficis financers mitjana d'US $ 29,980 / node. En darrer lloc, un model compost per 8 criteris i 35 sub-criteris va ser dissenyat per avaluar el rendiment general dels departaments d'Urgències. Els resultats de el model evidenciar el paper crític de la infraestructura (Pes global = 21,5%) en el rendiment dels departaments d'Urgència i la naturalesa interactiva de la Seguretat de l'Pacient (C + R = 12,771). / [EN] Waiting time is one of the most critical measures in the satisfaction of patients admitted within emergency departments. Therefore, hospitals and governmental organizations should jointly aim to provide timely attention at reasonable costs. In the case of Barranquilla's Pubic Emergency Service Network, composed by 8 Points of care (POCs) and 2 hospitals, the trend evidences a continuous growing of the waiting time with a rate of 3,08 min/semester and a 93,13% likelihood of serving patients after waiting for more than 30 minutes. This is an unmistakable symptom of the network inability for satisfying the standards established by the Ministry of Health, which may trigger the development of more complex symptoms, increase in the death rate, requirement for more complex clinical services (hospitalization and intensive care unit) and increased service costs. This doctoral dissertation then illustrates the redesign of the aforementioned Public Emergency Service Network aiming at providing the target population with an efficient and highly timely service where both hospitals and governmental institutions effectively converge. It was then necessary to implement a 4-phase methodology consolidating a proposal oriented to the effective and sustainable development of network operations. First, the Public Emergency Service Network was characterized considering its current behavior in terms of demand and waiting time. A systematic literature review was then undertaken for identifying the methodological approaches that have been implementing for improving the waiting time and other performance indicators associated with the emergency care service. Following this, a methodology for the creation of efficient and sustainable emergency care networks was designed and later validated in the Southamerican Public network for lessening the average waiting time and ensuring the equitable distribution of profits derived from the collaboration. Ultimately, a multicriteria decision-making model was created for assessing the performance of the emergency departments and propelling the design of improvement strategies focused on bettering the response against the changing demand conditions, critical to satisfaction and operational conditions. The results evidenced that the patients accessing to the network tend to wait 201,6 min on average with a standard deviation of 81,6 min before being served by the emergency care unit. On the other hand, based on the reported literature, it is highly suggested to combine Operations Research (OR) methods, quality-based techniques, and data-driven approaches for addressing this problem. In this sense, a methodology based on collateral payment models, Discrete-event simulation, and Lean Six Sigma was proposed and validated resulting in a redesigned network whose average waiting time may diminish between 6,71 min and 9,08 min with an average profit US$29,980/node. Lately, a model comprising of 8 criteria and 35 sub-criteria was designed for evaluating the overall performance of emergency departments. The model outcomes revealed the critical role of Infrastructure (Global weight = 21,5%) in ED performance and the interactive nature of Patient Safety (C + R = 12,771). / Ortíz Barrios, MÁ. (2020). Redesigning the Barranquilla's public emergency care network to improve the patient waiting time [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/156215 / Compendio

都會區之主要幹道除為串連交通行為的空間外，更為眾多活動發生之場域，然在以機動車輛為主之道路空間規劃下，許多都市問題與亂象發生，由此1990年代提倡都市規劃應以「人」為本的新都市主義(New Urbanism)思潮出現，針對都市空間景觀倡導運用都市設計、永續運輸等策略，創造適宜人居之都市環境。而台北市為台灣首善之都，雖自民國80年起進行一連串都市空間檢討，然仍忽略主要幹道空間，而台北都會區大眾捷運網絡基本雛形已於民國89年底完成，路網設計多沿主要幹道興建，營運至今，民眾對公共運具之使用率確有增加並降低部分汽車使用量。由此，若能重新檢討並調整道路空間比例，基於人車共存之概念，綠美化主要幹道景觀，營造正面感受之環境意象，可提升市民對所居都市之認同感，亦可符合民眾日益昇高之生活環境品質要求，創造優質都市環境。 / 有鑑於此，本研究以台北都會區主要幹道為研究空間，忠孝東路、羅斯福路部份路段為實驗場域，進行幹道空間之檢討與空間改造計畫之評估，將「以人為主」之都市規劃理念導入交通規劃中，整合都市永續發展、都市設計及運輸相關理論，歸納出都會區主要幹道空間之規劃手法應包涵TOD之都市發展型態、塑造適宜之人行空間、調整幹道道路空間、結合都市設計之規範及永續運輸之交通規劃方式等五大項目。基此，考量人行、車行、幹道景觀、社會公平與幹道空間多樣化使用，在達成永續運輸之目標下，從「交通順暢性」、「步行親和性」、「景觀寧適性」、「場域複合性」等四大層面，建立適合研究範圍之「都會區主要景觀幹道最佳設計」評估架構。本研究應用模糊多準則評估方法，先透過專家德爾菲(Delphi)法確定評估架構後求取評估架構之權重值，並依所建立之評估架構計算忠孝東路與羅斯福路各幹道空間改造方案之績效值，以相對客觀的方式整合不同領域專家之價值判斷，應用模糊層級分析(Fuzzy AHP)法遴選研究範圍最適之幹道空間改造計畫，進行研究範圍最佳幹道空間改造方案之排序。 / 本研究評估結果發現最後遴選出之最適空間改造方案內容，均為調整道路路型、配置最大化人行空間之方案，將過去以汽車為主的幹道空間轉為對行人友善之場域，並強調綠化幹道景觀與多樣化使用。同時，由不同群體對各評估面向權重值之差異可發現學生群體著重幹道所提供之交通功能，學者及政府都市計劃單位著重幹道之人行空間，政府交通單位則並重幹道之車行與人行空間。此外，本研究亦根據評估結果研提相關改造計畫執行配套措施之建議，期所採行之幹道空間改造計畫評估方式，可供政府有關單位進行幹道空間檢討與改造評估時，一個相對客觀的決策進行過程與執行參考。 / The major arterials of a metropolis are places where not only connect traffic but lots of activities occurred. However, many urban problems came up under the roadway planning that according to mobile vehicles and resulted in an ideological trend named “New Urbanism” in 1990s. That promote urban planning should according to human beings and use strategies as urban design and sustainable transport for landscape to create a urban environment that is livable-in. / Taipei city is the biggest city of Taiwan at which we have reflected on urban space but have ignored review the major arterials since 1991. Then, the embryo network of mass rapid transit system of Taipei metropolitan area which was designed along major arterials has established in 2000. Since that, the using rate of public transportation has been increasing and decreasing part of quantity of private transportation. We can base on the construct “people-cars coexist”, therefore, review and regulate road -way scale to green the major arterials’ landscape, to shape a positive environmental image. It could promote townspeople’s identification of the city where they live in and conform to the increasing request for the quality of medium in the result of a high quality urban circumstance. / Base the above, this research chose Zong-Xiao east road and Roosevelt road of Taipei metropolis as the survey area to review the roadway landscape and evaluate spatial transforming schemes. We blended the new urbanism into transport planning and integrated with theories of sustainable development, urban design and transportation to generalize the medium of the major arterials area planning should contain five contents: TOD, mold a pedestrian-friendly area, adjust the allotment ratio of arterial, combine methods of urban design and sustainable transportation. Therefore, we took pedestrian, vehicles, arterial’s landscape, arterial space using diversification into account and under the goal, which achieve sustainable transportation established evaluative framework with four objectives: ” traffic smooth”, pedestrian-friendly” , “elegant and comfortable landscape”, and ”space complexity”. By utilizing fuzzy-MCDM approach, first, depended on fuzzy-Delphi method to ascertain that evaluative framework then counted the weights of criteria. According to the evaluative framework established by this research calculated the results of spatial transforming schemes of Zong-Xiao East road and Roosevelt road. Then adopting fuzzy-AHP method to integrate experts’ judgements of different domains, all proposed spatial schemes are reviewed and best arterial landscape transforming scheme were generated. / Evaluation result found that the best scheme with maximum pedestrian space shows the concepts of transforming the arterial area to be a pedestrian-friendly space and emphasizing green landscape, mixed land use. Furthermore, divergent preference of different groups were analyzed and found that students concentrate the transportation capability of arterial, experts and government planning departments focus on the pedestrian space of arterial, government’s transportation departments emphasize both on the car-lanes and pedestrian space. Research result construct a objective framework and review process for evaluating major arterial and also generate a best transforming scheme of those two roads, can be as a reference basis for urban re-design work of city government.

<p>Одрживи индустријски развој директно је повезан са стварањем повољних услова за спровођење иновативних активности. Главни изазов на пољу управљања иновацијама је избор и рангирање индикатора који омогућавају стварање иновација, како на нивоу државе / регије (макро нивоу), тако и на нивоу предузећа (микро нивоу).Oво истраживање је спроведено за оба нивоа одвојено. Рангирање индикатора на макро нивоу извршено је за појединачне државе чланице ЕУ и за ЕУ као јединствену регију За ту сврху примењена је метода статистичког учења. На микро нивоу, урађена је студија случаја за рангирање индикатора иновацијског потенцијала за сектор ММСП у Србији, коришћeњем методe структурираног упитника и методe вишекритеријумске анализе. Резултати истраживања пружају прилику да се укаже на значај појединих индикатора у процесу стварања иновације, како на макро тако и на микро нивоу.</p> / <p>Održivi industrijski razvoj direktno je povezan sa stvaranjem povoljnih uslova za sprovođenje inovativnih aktivnosti. Glavni izazov na polju upravljanja inovacijama je izbor i rangiranje indikatora koji omogućavaju stvaranje inovacija, kako na nivou države / regije (makro nivou), tako i na nivou preduzeća (mikro nivou).Ovo istraživanje je sprovedeno za oba nivoa odvojeno. Rangiranje indikatora na makro nivou izvršeno je za pojedinačne države članice EU i za EU kao jedinstvenu regiju Za tu svrhu primenjena je metoda statističkog učenja. Na mikro nivou, urađena je studija slučaja za rangiranje indikatora inovacijskog potencijala za sektor MMSP u Srbiji, korišćenjem metode strukturiranog upitnika i metode višekriterijumske analize. Rezultati istraživanja pružaju priliku da se ukaže na značaj pojedinih indikatora u procesu stvaranja inovacije, kako na makro tako i na mikro nivou.</p> / <p>Sustainable industrial development is directly related to the creation of favorable conditions for the implementation of innovative activities. The main challenge in the field of innovation management is the selection and ranking of indicators that enable the creation of innovation, both at the state/region level (macro level) and at the enterprise level (micro level). This research was conducted for both levels separately. The ranking of indicators at the macro level was done for individual member states of EU, and for the EU as a unique region. For this purpose, the method of statistical learning was applied. At the micro level, a case study for ranking the indicators of innovation potential was done for the MSME sector in Serbia, using the method of a structured questionnaire and the method of multi-criteria analysis. The results of the research provide an opportunity to see the importance of individual indicators in the process of creation of innovation, both at the macro and micro levels.</p>