Este trabalho é composto pela tradução anotada do texto original em inglês Fyodor Dostoevski (1821 1881), que faz parte das aulas de literatura russa que o autor russo Vladímir Nabókov ministrou em universidades americanas de 1941 a 1959, bem como por uma introdução biobibliográfica e crítica sobre o autor, de um modo geral, e de um ensaio crítico sobre suas opiniões a respeito das principais obras de Fiódor Dostoiévski, em particular. Para tanto, serão comentadas as principais opiniões críticas de Nabókov sobre os romances Crime e Castigo, Memórias do Subsolo, O Idiota, Os Demônios e os Irmãos Karámazov de Dostoiévski à luz das concepções de Mikhail Bakhtin, Leonid Grossman, Joseph Frank, entre outros. / This research is composed of the annotated translation of the original text in English Fyodor Dostoevski (1821 - 1881), which is part of the lectures on Russian literature that the Russian author Vladimir Nabokov gave in American universities from 1941 to 1959, as well as by a biobibliographical and critical introduction about the author, in a general way, and a critical essay about his opinions concerning the major works of Fyodor Dostoevski, in particular. To accomplish this task, Nabokovs opinions about the novels Crime and Punishment, Memories from the Underground, The Possessed, The Idiot and The Brothers Karamazov have been studied in the light of Mikhail Bakhtin, Leonid Grossman, Joseph Frank, among others.

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Au moment où la prostitution semble exploser dans les villes, la fille des rues envahit la littérature de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. Cette héroïne nouvelle acquiert bien vite le premier rôle de ce qui devient un sous-genre romanesque à part entière, le « roman de fille », dont on mettra en évidence la structure et les motifs privilégiés. Un détour par les discours médicaux, moraux et sociaux du temps sur la femme et la prostituée nous permettra de mieux appréhender le fonctionnement et les significations multiples que ce personnage revêt en littérature. Figure du manque et de la dépossession, la prostituée interroge la vision masculine du féminin, mais elle traduit aussi les inquiétudes des contemporains face aux nombreuses mutations sociales, économiques et politiques du siècle ; elle se fait le reflet d’angoisses existentielles sur le rapport au corps, aux autres et à la mort, ainsi que le lieu privilégié de réflexions artistiques et esthétiques / While prostitution was exploding within the cities, the character of the prostitute flourished in the second part of the nineteenth-Century literature. This new heroine quickly gets the leading part in a soon-To-Be proper literary fictional sub-genre, the “prostitute novel”, whose structure and motifs will be pointed out in our research. We will evoke medical, moral and social discourses about women and prostitutes in the 19th century in order to grasp the numerous roles this character can assume in literature. As a protagonist of the loss and deprivation, the prostitute questions the masculine vision of women, but she also embodies her time’s worries about the multiple social, economical and political transformations happening. She also holds a mirror to existential anxieties about the relationship to the Body, the Other and Death, and appears to be a privileged character for artistic and aesthetic considerations