Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462501.pdf: 1626962 bytes, checksum: 59c8b40a771521a79897a11fa56edddd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-27 / Introduction: The increase in life expectancy brings new demands with regard to the creation of strategies to provide a healthy aging with a better quality of life for the population. The dance can be one of these ways due to be a low cost activity and culturally accepted. Purpose: Evaluate the relationship between regular dance practice, quality of life, self-image and self-esteem in postmenopausal women and depressive symptoms in elderly women. Methods: It was conducted a clinical trial of quantitative-qualitative approach, with a sample of postmenopausal women in a social group in the town of Bayeux, PB, Brazil. The study was conducted in three stages, including an initial assessment, three months of intervention with dance lessons and a final assessment. WHOQOL Bref, Self-image and self-esteem Questionnaire of Stob?us, Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale, data sheet including socioeconomic and health data and a questionnaire with open questions were applied. The paired t-student test was used to compare averages between evaluated moments. The Wilcoxon test was applied in case of asymmetry. The McNemar test was used to evaluate proportions. It was adopted the significance level of 5 % (p0,05) and the analyzes were performed using SPSS version 18.0. Qualitative analysis was performed using the technique of content analysis proposed by Bardin. The study was initiated after approval by the Ethics Research Committee at PUCRS and followed the rules of Resolution No. 466 of December 12, 2012 of the National Board of Health. Results: 38 women with a mean age of 62.7?7,2 years took part in this study. There was a predominance of married women. Most of them do not have a complete primary education and has the income, median, of a minimum wage. 73.7% reported health problems with the majority having cardiovascular diseases. Most subjects believed that the dance means health. There is happiness with the body and it was said that dancing provides wellness. There was significant improvement in the social domain of the WHOQOL - bref (p = 0.033). The self-image and self-esteem, which was already positive at the beginning of this study, did not change significantly. The education level was significantly associated with adherence to dance. The subjects that increased their self-image and self-esteem were those who most reduced depressive symptoms (p=0.050). There was a statistically significant positive association among the changes in overall QV score of the WHOQOL - bref with changes in self-image and self-esteem score (p=0.043). Conclusion: The results indicate that cardiovascular diseases are the ones that reach the subjects of sample; Dancing is seen as an activity that promotes health and provides joy, satisfaction and well being. If regularly practiced, it can improve the quality of life of post-menopausal women, particularly with regard to the social domain. Although the dance is not shown effective in reducing depressive symptoms, it may favor the emergence of positive emotions such as joy, cheer, cheerfulness and freedom. / Introdu??o: O aumento da expectativa de vida traz novas demandas no que diz respeito ? cria??o de estrat?gias para proporcionar um envelhecimento saud?vel e com melhor qualidade de vida ? popula??o. A dan?a pode ser um desses caminhos, por ser uma atividade de baixo custo e culturalmente aceita. Objetivos: Avaliar a rela??o entre a pr?tica regular da dan?a, qualidade de vida, autoimagem e autoestima em mulheres p?s-menop?usicas e sintomas depressivos em idosas. M?todos: Ensaio cl?nico de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado com uma amostra de mulheres p?s-menop?usicas de um grupo de conviv?ncia na cidade de Bayeux, PB, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado em tr?s etapas, sendo uma avalia??o inicial, tr?s meses de interven??o com aulas de dan?a e uma avalia??o final. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: WHOQOL-bref, Question?rio de Autoimagem e autoestima de Stob?us, Escala de Depress?o Geri?trica Yesavage, ficha informativa incluindo dados socioecon?micos e de sa?de e um question?rio com quest?es abertas. Para comparar m?dias entre os momentos avaliados, foi utilizado o teste t-Student pareado. Em caso de assimetria, foi aplicado o teste de Wilcoxon. Na avalia??o de propor??es foi utilizado o teste de McNemar. Foi adotado o n?vel de signific?ncia de 5% (p0,05) e as an?lises foram realizadas no programa SPSS vers?o 18.0. A an?lise qualitativa foi feita atrav?s da t?cnica de An?lise de Conte?do, proposta por Bardin. O Estudo teve in?cio ap?s a aprova??o pelo Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da PUCRS e seguiu as normas da Resolu??o n? 466 de 12 de dezembro de 2012 do Conselho Nacional de Sa?de. Resultados: Participaram 38 mulheres com m?dia de idade de 62,7?7,2 anos, com predom?nio de mulheres casadas, a maioria com ensino fundamental incompleto e renda, em mediana, de um sal?rio m?nimo. Destas, 73,7% relataram problemas de sa?de sendo a maioria com doen?as cardiovasculares. A maioria dos sujeitos acredita que a dan?a significa sa?de, est? satisfeita com o pr?prio corpo, e referiu que a dan?a proporciona bem estar. Houve melhora significativa no dom?nio social do WHOQOL-bref (p=0,033). A autoimagem e autoestima, que j? eram positivas, no in?cio do estudo n?o sofreram altera??o significativa. O n?vel de escolaridade se associou significativamente ? ades?o ? dan?a. Os sujeitos que mais aumentaram sua AIAE foram os que mais reduziram os sintomas depressivos (p=0,050). Houve associa??o positiva estatisticamente significativa entre as varia??es do escore geral de QV do WHOQOL-bref com as varia??es do escore de AIAE (p=0,043). Conclus?o: Os resultados indicaram que as doen?as cardiovasculares s?o as que mais atingem os sujeitos da amostra; a dan?a ? vista como uma atividade que favorece a sa?de e que proporciona alegria, satisfa??o e bem estar. Se praticada regularmente, pode melhorar a qualidade de vida de mulheres p?s menop?usicas, em especial no que diz respeito ao dom?nio social. Embora a dan?a n?o se mostre eficaz na redu??o da sintomatologia depressiva, pode favorecer o surgimento de emo??es positivas, como alegria, ?nimo, jovialidade e liberdade.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-23T12:39:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467601 - Texto Completo.pdf: 684935 bytes, checksum: 82cce47fb2c9d3e147c76b79015ba426 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-23T12:39:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467601 - Texto Completo.pdf: 684935 bytes, checksum: 82cce47fb2c9d3e147c76b79015ba426 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-09 / The Brazilian population aging has been a reality, occurring in unprecedented levels. This epidemiologic profile has been arousing the interest of researchers in several social, cultural and physiological changes of the elderly. Among the most common health complaints, the low back pain has been highlighted, and, it is estimated that 70% of the adults suffer from chronic or recurrent lumbar pain. Therefore, this study aims mainly to relate the degree of low back pain with the functionality of the elderly, determining the main pathologies according to gender and age group. This study was outlined in a transversal way counting on a prospective data collection with an observational feature. In addition, this research has evaluated patients above 60 years old complaining on having lumbar pain and by considering their image tests. The participants were evaluated through the following instruments: 1. Mini Mental Test, 2.The Oswestry Quiz; 3.The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; 4.Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and 5. Roland-Morris Incapacity Quiz. Furthermore, the statistical analysis has described the quantitative variables by mean and standard deviation as well as the categories through absolute and relative frequencies. The association among the indexes used Spearman?s correlation, and, when comparing Oswestry Quiz with Katz Index, Mann-Whitney test was, then, utilized. The level of significance adopted was of 5% and the analyses were carried out through SPSS 21.0 program. The sample was compounded by 140 patients, however, 22 (15.7%) were excluded by cognitive deficit. Thus, this study counted on 118 patients with mean age of 67.1 years (? 5.6). Referring to the age groups, 90 (76.3%) patients were between 60-69 years old, 22 (18.6%) between 70-79 years old and 6 (5.1%) above 80 years old, while women predominated (n=92; 78%). Related to the tests, 66 (55.9%) realized X-ray, 6 (5.1%) computerized tomography and 46 (39%) magnetic resonance. When the diagnoses were evaluated by magnetic resonance, the three most prevalent ones were, respectively: arthrosis facet (80%), degenerative disc disease (75.6%) and foraminal stenosis (42.2%), considering that the patients with degenerative disc disease presented higher scores in Oswestry Quiz and lower scores in Lawton Instrumental. There was no significant difference among the prevalence of diagnosis by magnetic resonance in accordance to gender and age group. There was an inverse significant association between Oswestry score and Lawton functional score (r= -0.538; p<0.001), although the higher Oswestry values, the lower the functional capacity in IADLs was. Hence, Oswestryscores were significantly lower in patients demonstrating independence in activities of daily living, evaluated through Katz index. There was a significant direct association between Oswestry score and Roland-Morris score (r=0.720; p<0.001), while the higher the Oswestry score, the higher the Roland Morris one was.It can be concluded, then, that the low back pain seems to have impact on the functionality of the elderly; it does not seem to exist any considerable difference between the prevalence of diagnoses, within the predominant age group of this study, and the mean age of 67.5 years. Thereby, the degenerative disc disease and the foraminal stenosis seem to cause low back pain with higher correlation in relation to the decrease of the functionality of the elderly. / O envelhecimento da popula??o brasileira ? uma realidade e est? ocorrendo em n?veis sem precedentes. Este perfil epidemiol?gico vem despertando o interesse de pesquisadores em diversas altera??es sociais, culturais e fisiol?gicas do idoso. Entre as queixas m?dicas comuns aos idosos, destaca-se a lombalgia. Estima-se que 70% dos adultos sofram de dor lombar cr?nica ou recorrente. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal relacionar o grau da lombalgia com a funcionalidade do idoso, e determinar as principais patologias de acordo com a faixa et?ria e g?nero. Esse estudo foi delineado de forma transversal com coleta prospectiva de dados de car?ter observacional. A pesquisa avaliou os pacientes acima de 60 anos com queixa de dor lombar e com exames de imagem. Os participantes foram avaliados atrav?s dos seguintes instrumentos: 1. Mini Mental, 2. Question?rio de Oswestry 3. Atividades Instrumentais da Vida di?ria de Lawton 4. Escala de atividades de vida di?ria Katz 5. Question?rio de incapacidade de Roland-Morris. A an?lise estat?stica descreveu as vari?veis quantitativas por m?dia e desvio padr?o e as categ?ricas por freq??ncias absolutas e relativas. Associa??o entre as escalas utilizou o teste da correla??o de Spearman. Na compara??o entre Oswestry com a Escala de Katz o teste de Mann- Whitney foi utilizado. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de 5% e as an?lises foram realizadas no programa SPSS 21.0. A amostra foi composta por 140 pacientes, no entanto 22 (15,7%) foram exclu?dos por d?ficit cognitivo. Assim, o estudo contou com 118 pacientes com m?dia de idade de 67,1 anos (? 5,6). Quanto ?s faixas et?rias, 90 (76,3%) pacientes tinham entre 60-69 anos, 22 (18,6%) entre 70-79 anos e 6 (5,1%) acima de 80 anos. A predomin?ncia foi de mulheres (n=92; 78%). Quanto aos exames realizados, 66 (55,9%) realizaram Raio-X, 6 (5,1%) tomografia computadorizada e 46 (39%) resson?ncia magn?tica. Quando avaliados os diagn?sticos por Resson?ncia Magn?tica, os tr?s mais prevalentes foram respectivamente: artrosefacet?ria (80%), discopatia degenerativa (75,6%) e estenose foraminal (42,2%), sendo que os pacientes com discopatia degenerativa apresentaram maiores escores de Oswestry e menores de Lawton. N?o houve diferen?a significativa entre as preval?ncias de diagn?stico por Resson?ncia Magn?tica conforme g?nero e faixa et?ria. Houve associa??o inversa significativa entre o Escore de Oswestry com o escore funcional de Lawton (r=-0,538; p<0,001), sendo que quanto maior os valores de Oswestry, menor a capacidade funcional nas AIVDs. Os escores de Oswestry foram significativamente mais baixos nos pacientes com independ?ncia nas atividades de vida di?ria, avaliado pelo Katz. Houve associa??o direta significativa entre o escore de Oswestry com o de Roland Morris (r=0,720; p<0,001), sendo que quanto maior o de Oswestry, maior o de Roland Morris. Concluiu-se que a lombalgia parece ter impacto na funcionalidade dos idosos. N?o parece existir diferen?a consider?vel entre as preval?ncias de diagn?sticos dentro da faixa et?ria predominante do estudo com idade media de 67,5. A discopatia degenerativa e a estenose foraminal parecem ser as causas de lombalgia com maior correla??o em rela??o a diminui??o de funcionalidade no idoso.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-12T13:01:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 468410 - Texto Completo.pdf: 2047741 bytes, checksum: afaf70991c827a282ac9545f01d4a085 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-12T13:01:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 468410 - Texto Completo.pdf: 2047741 bytes, checksum: afaf70991c827a282ac9545f01d4a085 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-11 / With the increase in life expectancy there is a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and functional limitations that are common in aging. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD?s) are in the group of chronic diseases that most affect the elderly, being characterized by pain and decrease in function. When associated with pain these disorders are among the most disabling diseases and are associated with considerable functional, psychological and social limitations. To analyze the impact of musculoskeletal diseases is important to measure the problems associated with them, like pain, emotional factors and quality of life. Therefore, the goals of this study are to measure the levels of anxiety and depression symptoms and quality of life in elderly women with chronic musculoskeletal pain and compare them with elderly women without pain, and to measure the influence of pain?s intensity in these variables. This was a cross-sectional study among women who were 60 years old or older, who were members of mothers' clubs in the city of Caxias do Sul, Brazil. The elderly women were separated into two groups, group G1 consisted of women with chronic musculoskeletal pain for over three months and group G2 consisted of women with no musculoskeletal pain for over three months.To measure anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, quality of life and pain intensity the following instruments were used, respectively: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); Beck Depression Inventory- II (BDI-II); WHOQOL-bref; and visual analogue scale (VAS). 178 elderly women participated on this research, of which four were excluded since they did not meet all the inclusion criteria. Of the 174 remaining, 95 were included in G1 and 79 in G2. The mean age was 70 years old in G1 and 70,3 years old in G2. The G1 group showed higher levels of anxiety symptoms (p<0,001) and depression symptoms (p<0,001) and worse quality of life in all domains of WHOQOL-BREF (p<0,05) when compared with group G2. The pain intensity was negatively correlated with the levels of anxiety symptoms (p<0,001) and the physical domain of the WHOQOL-BREF (p <0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that chronic musculoskeletal pain is frequent in the elderly and is associated with higher incidence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and it also affects negatively the quality of life. It is suggested that new researches explore more deeply this relation through longitudinal studies made with different populations. / Com o aumento da expectativa de vida h? maior preval?ncia de doen?as cr?nicas e limita??es funcionais pr?prias do envelhecimento humano. As doen?as musculoesquel?ticas (ME) est?o entre as patologias cr?nicas que mais acometem idosos, sendo caracterizadas por dor e diminui??o da fun??o. Quando associadas ? dor, est?o entre as doen?as mais incapacitantes e est?o relacionadas a consider?veis limita??es funcionais, psicol?gicas e sociais. Para analisar o impacto das doen?as ME ? importante mensurar os problemas associados com elas que s?o a dor, os fatores emocionais e a qualidade de vida. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os n?veis de sintomas de ansiedade e depress?o e a qualidade de vida em idosas com dores ME cr?nicas e comparar com idosas sem dores, como tamb?m relacionar a intensidade ?lgica com essas vari?veis. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com mulheres com 60 anos ou mais, participantes dos clubes de m?es da cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS. As idosas foram separadas em dois grupos, grupo G1 composto por mulheres com dor ME cr?nica h? mais de tr?s meses e grupo G2 composto por mulheres com aus?ncia de dor ME h? mais de tr?s meses.Para avaliar os sintomas de ansiedade foi utilizado o Invent?rio de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI), para os sintomas de depress?o o question?rio de Depress?o de Beck II (BDI-II), para a qualidade de vida o WHOQOL-bref e para avaliar a intensidade ?lgica foi utilizada a escala visual anal?gica (EVA). Participaram do estudo 178 idosas, sendo que 4 idosas foram exclu?das por n?o se adequarem em todos os crit?rios de inclus?o. Das 174 restantes, 95 foram inclusas do grupo G1 e 79 no grupo G2. A m?dia de idade do G1 foi de 70 anos e do G2 de 70,3 anos. As mulheres do G1 apresentaram n?veis mais elevados de sintomas de ansiedade (p<0,001) e depress?o (p<0,001) e pior qualidade de vida em todos os dom?nios do WHOQOL-bref que as mulheres do G2 (p<0,05). A intensidade ?lgica correlacionou-se negativamente com os n?veis de sintomas de ansiedade (p<0,001) e com o dom?nio f?sico do WHOQOL-bref (p<0,05). Conclui-se, portanto, que a dor ME cr?nica ? frequente na popula??o idosa e est? associada com maior incid?ncia de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos, al?m de afetar negativamente a qualidade de vida dos indiv?duos acometidos. Sugerem-se novas pesquisas que aprofundem esta rela??o atrav?s de estudos longitudinais e que sejam realizados com diferentes popula??es.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-10-21T17:41:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 475831 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1316173 bytes, checksum: 64789fc45b950fe6aa4f2838868214bd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T17:41:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 475831 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1316173 bytes, checksum: 64789fc45b950fe6aa4f2838868214bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-04 / Introduction : Physical activity and martial arts have a major influence on cognitive performance of elderly, and can be important tools for preventing the development of cognitive decline and improve intervention strategies. Martial arts, especially Karate-Do, our object of study, are considered forms of complete exercise, which besides bringing benefits to physical health, contribute to stimulate motor and cognitive skills, improved quality of life and emotional aspects of their practitioners. Objective : to determine the effectiveness of a Karate-Do training, Wado-ryu style, on cognition in healthy elderly. Methods : A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 33 elderly divided into two groups: Karate group (n = 16) and Control group (n = 17). In the pre and post-intervention phases, the elderly answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, a battery of neuropsychological tests (evaluation of attention, memory, language, perception, visoconstruction abilities and executive functions), subjective cognitive complaints and mood scales (anxiety and depression). Intervention with Karate-Do was conducted twice a week, lasting 60 minutes each session, for 12 weeks. The exercises consisted of kihon, kata and kumite typical of Karate-Do. Control group did not perform any physical activity or cognitive stimulation during the intervention period. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferences statistics. A comparison of performance neuropsychological tests and subjective complaints scales, within and between-groups in the pre- and post-intervention, was performed using the Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon test. Results : the groups showed no statistically significant differences in the sociodemographic and clinical data in the pre-intervention phase. In intra-group comparison, at the end of the intervention, Karate Group achieved better performance in visual memory (Mpre: 11,78; sdpre: 6,12 / Mpost: 14,38; sdpost: 5,35 / p: 0,041), alternating attention (Mpre: 146,98; sdpre: 92,74 / Mpost: 121,39; sdpost: 70,71; p: 0,017), episodic verbal memory (Mpre: 43,88; sdpre: 7,74 / Mpost: 49,06; sdpost: 8,06; p: ?0,001), executive functions tasks (Mpre: 21,88; sdpre: 15,07 / Mpost: 31,88; sdpost: 14,91; p: 0,024) and reduction of subjective memory complaints by relatives (Mpre: 24,63; sdpre: 3,12 / Mpost: 19,69; sdpost: 5,61; p: 0,003). Control Group showed no significant differences in cognitive performance between pre- and post-intervention. In between-groups analysis at post-intervention phase, Karate group had higher scores than the Control Group in visual memory task (MGK: 14,38; sdGK: 5,35 / MGC: 10,03; sdGC: 3,43; p: 0,019) and reduction of subjective memory complaints by relatives (MGK: 19,69; sdGK: 5,61 / MGC: 24,41; sdGC: 5,12; p: 0,008). Conclusions : The Karate-Do training, Wado-ryu style, was effective in cognitive stimulation in healthy elderly, especially in tasks of attention, memory and executive functions. / Introdu??o : a atividade f?sica e artes marciais possuem uma grande influ?ncia no desempenho cognitivo de idosos, e podem ser ferramentas importantes de preven??o do desenvolvimento de decl?nio cognitivo e incrementar estrat?gias de interven??o. As artes marciais, especialmente o Karate-Do, nosso objeto de estudo, s?o consideradas formas de exerc?cio completas, que al?m de trazerem benef?cios ? sa?de f?sica, contribuem para estimular habilidades motoras e cognitivas, melhora da qualidade de vida e de aspectos emocionais de seus praticantes. Objetivo : verificar a efic?cia de um treinamento de Karate-Do, estilo Wado-ryu, sobre a cogni??o de idosos saud?veis. M?todo : realizou-se um ensaio cl?nico controlado e randomizado com 33 idosos divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Karate (n = 16) e Grupo Controle (n = 17). Nas etapas pr? e p?s-interven??o os idosos responderam a um question?rio sociodemogr?fico, a uma bateria de testes neuropsicol?gicos (avalia??o de aten??o, mem?ria, linguagem, percep??o, habilidades visuoconstrutivas e fun??es executivas) e a escalas de queixas cognitivas subjetivas e de humor (ansiedade e depress?o). A interven??o foi conduzida duas vezes por semana, com dura??o de 60 minutos/aula, por 12 semanas. Os exerc?cios eram compostos de kihon, kata e kumite t?picos de Karate-Do. O Grupo Controle n?o realizou nenhuma atividade f?sica ou de estimula??o cognitiva durante o per?odo de interven??o. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada com estat?sticas descritivas e de infer?ncias. A compara??o de desempenho nos testes neuropsicol?gicos e nas escalas de queixas subjetivas intra e entre-grupos, nos per?odos pr? e p?s-interven??o, foi realizada atrav?s do Teste U de Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. Resultados : os grupos n?o apresentaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas com rela??o aos dados sociodemogr?ficos e cl?nicos na etapa pr?-interven??o. Na compara??o intra-grupos, ap?s a interven??o, o Grupo Karate demonstrou diferen?a significativa nas tarefas de mem?ria visual (Mpr?: 11,78; dppr?: 6,12 / Mp?s: 14,38; dpp?s: 5,35 / p: 0,041), aten??o alternada (Mpr?: 146,98; dppr?: 92,74 / Mp?s: 121,39; dpp?s: 70,71; p: 0,017), mem?ria verbal epis?dica (Mpr?: 43,88; dppr?: 7,74 / Mp?s: 49,06; dpp?s: 8,06; p: ?0,001), fun??es executivas (Mpr?: 21,88; dppr?: 15,07 / Mp?s: 31,88; dpp?s: 14,91; p: 0,024) e queixas de mem?ria pelo familiar (Mpr?: 24,63; dppr?: 3,12 / Mp?s: 19,69; dpp?s: 5,61; p: 0,003). N?o foram encontradas diferen?as significativas de desempenho cognitivo do Grupo Controle entre os per?odos pr? e p?s-interven??o. Na compara??o entre-grupos no ap?s a interven??o, o Grupo Karate apresentou escores mais elevados nas tarefas de mem?ria visual (MGK: 14,38; dpGK: 5,35 / MGC: 10,03; dpGC: 3,43; p: 0,019) e redu??o nas queixas subjetivas de mem?ria pelo familiar em compara??o ao Grupo Controle (MGK: 19,69; dpGK: 5,61 / MGC: 24,41; dpGC: 5,12; p: 0,008). Conclus?o : O treinamento de Karate-Do estilo Wado-ryu mostrou-se eficaz na estimula??o cognitiva de idosos saud?veis, especialmente em tarefas de aten??o, mem?ria e fun??es executivas.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-11-24T11:33:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476412 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 1327214 bytes, checksum: 641c0c6140859480f5f2d22d545e8ff8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-24T11:33:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476412 - Texto Parcial.pdf: 1327214 bytes, checksum: 641c0c6140859480f5f2d22d545e8ff8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Depression, along with cognitive disorders, has been a concern among mental health services due to the high injury rate in functionality and quality of life of this population. However, still remains open understanding of cognitive changes due to depression and difficult differential diagnosis with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). It is known that the performance on cognitive tests are strongly influenced by education, however, few studies have been conducted on very low education populations. Objective: To evaluate the performance Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and his cognitive domains in low schooling elderly, without dementia, and compare those with a diagnosis of Major Current Depression Episode (MCDE) with those without depression.Method: analytical, retrospective cross-sectional study using the medical records of patients treated at the Brain Aging Clinic (BAC) of the Hospital S?o Lucas. It included 116 individuals with low education (<8 years of study) and aged between 60 and 84 years (69.6 ? 6.7) with MCDE (N = 41) and controls (N = 75). Results: When comparing the means of ACE-R, MMSE and from the five cognitive domains, between the control group and the group with MCDE, there was no significant difference. There was no difference between groups when analyzed separately the results of the clock drawing test, the categorical and phonological verbal fluency and naming test. Discussion: Unlike what happens with the more educated elderly, depressive symptoms do not change the values of the tests performed on ACE-R of older people with low education. / Depress?o, juntamente com os transtornos cognitivos, tem sido uma preocupa??o entre os servi?os de sa?de mental, devido ao alto ?ndice de preju?zo na funcionalidade e qualidade de vida desta popula??o. Contudo, ainda permanece em aberto a compreens?o das altera??es cognitivas decorrentes da depress?o e de dif?cil diagn?stico diferencial com o comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL). Sabe-se que o desempenho nos testes cognitivos s?o fortemente influenciados pela escolaridade, no entanto, poucos estudos tem sido realizados em popula??es de muito baixa escolaridade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho no Addenbrooke?s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) e seus dom?nios cognitivos em idosos de baixa escolaridade, sem dem?ncia, e comparar aqueles que possuem diagn?stico de Epis?dio de Depress?o Maior Atual (EDMA), com os que n?o apresentam tal diagn?stico.M?todo: Estudo transversal anal?tico, retrospectivo, atrav?s dos prontu?rios dos pacientes atendidos no Ambulat?rio de Envelhecimento Cerebral (AMBEC) do Hospital S?o Lucas da PUCRS. Foram inclu?dos 116 idosos com baixa escolaridade (< 8 anos de estudo) e idade entre 60 e 84 anos (69,6?6,7), 41 com EDMA e 75 controles. Na compara??o das m?dias do ACE-R e dos cinco dom?nios cognitivos e do MEEM, entre o grupo controle e o grupo com EDMA, n?o foi observada diferen?a significativa. Tamb?m n?o houve diferen?a entre os grupos quando analisado separadamente os resultados do teste do rel?gio, da flu?ncia verbal categ?rica e fonol?gica e do teste de nomea??o. Diferente do que acontece com os idosos mais escolarizados, os sintomas depressivos n?o modificam os valores dos testes realizados no ACE-R de idosos com baixa escolaridade.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-01-14T16:18:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ST?FANI_RIBEIRO_RODRIGUES_COMPLETO.pdf: 1850672 bytes, checksum: fb7fe168f40514a0d72f0f240c308fd2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-14T16:18:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ST?FANI_RIBEIRO_RODRIGUES_COMPLETO.pdf: 1850672 bytes, checksum: fb7fe168f40514a0d72f0f240c308fd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-24 / The body balance is the capacity of standing or generate acceleration movements and body rotations without oscillations or falls. For this to happen, it is necessary the integrity of different structures and systems, especially visual, proprioceptive and vestibular systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensorial systems involved in body balance maintenance in young, adults and old people using the Foam-Laser Dynamic Posturography. We evaluated 69 subjects, in which 34% of the sample represented by women, 34% by young, 34% by adults and 32% by old people. The elderly group performed significantly better in visual system than other groups. The young group showed visual preference significantly higher than other groups. We concluded that there are differences in the performance of the sensorial systems involved in body balance maintenance among the evaluated age groups, although those differences had a straighter relation with diseases and lifestyle than with the aging process itself. / O equili?brio corporal e?a capacidade do ser humano de manter-se ereto ou executar movimentos de acelerac?a?o e rotac?a?o do corpo sem oscilac?o?es ou quedas. Para que isso ocorra, v?rias estruturas e sistemas necessitam estar ?ntegros, entre eles o sistema vestibular, o proprioceptivo e a vis?o. O objetivo dessa pesquisa que foi avaliar as diferen?as no desempenho dos sistemas sensoriais envolvidos na manuten??o do equil?brio corporal de jovens, adultos e idosos. Utilizando a Posturografia Din?mica foam-laser, 69 sujeitos foram avaliados, sendo que as mulheres representavam 66,1% da amostra, os indiv?duos jovens representavam 34%, os adultos 34% e os idosos 32% da amostra estudada. Os sujeitos idosos apresentavam desempenho significativamente melhor do sistema visual que as pessoas jovens e adultas. O grupo dos jovens apresentava prefer?ncia visual significativamente maior que os demais grupos. Concluiu-se que existem diferen?as no desempenho dos sistemas sensoriais envolvidos na manuten??o do equil?brio corporal entre as faixas et?rias avaliadas, por?m estas diferen?as apresentam-se associadas muito mais as doen?as e h?bitos de vida que ao envelhecimento.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-02-10T12:59:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_VERA_ELIZABETH_CLOSS_PARCIAL.pdf: 344877 bytes, checksum: 83c1713273477d9c1c0fb821d224a93c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-10T12:59:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_VERA_ELIZABETH_CLOSS_PARCIAL.pdf: 344877 bytes, checksum: 83c1713273477d9c1c0fb821d224a93c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-27 / Population ageing has been the focus of many studies as it reflects an important transformation of society that creates a reality with new challenges to be faced. The ageing process can be categorized in two forms: normal ageing or ageing per se or senescence (with associated molecular, anatomical and physiological alterations) and usual ageing or senility (associated with diseases and disabilities). The frailty syndrome is among the most discussed current themes. Frailty is a condition in which the individual presents increased vulnerability to the development of dependency, hospitalization, institutionalization, fall-risk and mortality, among other adverse outcomes, when exposed to a stressor. Various pathophysiological processes involved in frailty are closely related to nutritional and body composition aspects, and anthropometry presents as a useful technique for evaluating these conditions. Given that frailty in its early stages is commonly seen in the elderly community and that available instruments for its identification (such as the widely used Fried Phenotype) are complex and difficult to apply in primary care, the search for simple tools becomes important. In this thesis, three original articles are presented. In the first, article, AGING INDEX DEVELOPMENT IN BRAZIL, REGIONS, AND FEDERATIVE UNITS FROM 1970 TO 2010, we sought to address the ageing index, the parameter through which to evaluate the expansion process of the elderly segment of total population in relation to the relative change in young age group. To this end, data from the Demographic Census and Social Indicators of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IGBE) were analysed. It was evidenced that the Brazilian population is undergoing a rapid ageing process. For the second article, DESCRIPTION OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYSIS OF THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH GENDER, AGE, AND FRAILTY SYNDROME IN ELDERLY ASSISTED AT THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY: DATA FROM THE EMI-SUS, data from 583 elderly participants of a cross-sectional study ?Clinical and Epidemiological Study of the Elderly Attended at the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the City of Porto Alegre (EMI-SUS)?, were analyzed. The frequency of frailty (diagnosed by Fried Phenotype) was observed to be 21.5% and pre-frailty 51.1%, and that only one of the 41 evaluated anthropometric measures was not associated with at least one of the investigated dependent variables (gender, age group or frailty). In the third article, PERFORMANCE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASURES IN PREDICTING FRAILTY IN THE ELDERLY: LOGISTIC REGRESSION AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS, we sought to investigate the performance of 26 anthropometric measurements in predicting frailty and to develop a tool for their identification. Data from 583 participants of the EMI-SUS were analyzed, randomly divided into a learning sample (n=439) and test sample (n=144). Logistic regression and artificial neural network models were used. The neural network demonstrated a superior predictive performance to the logistic regression model and resulted in a reliable tool for identifying frailty in the elderly. The anthropometric measures of weight, biceps skinfold, sagittal abdominal diameter and waist circumference, grouped, proved to be good predictors of frailty in the elderly. / O envelhecimento da popula??o tem sido foco de muitos estudos por se tratar de uma transforma??o importante da sociedade e que implica uma realidade com novos desafios a serem enfrentados. O processo de envelhecimento pode ser categorizado em dois padr?es: o envelhecimento normal ou envelhecimento per se ou senesc?ncia (com altera??es moleculares, anat?micas e fisiol?gicas associadas) e o envelhecimento usual ou senilidade (associado a doen?as e incapacidades). Dentre as tem?ticas mais abordadas atualmente, encontra-se a s?ndrome da fragilidade. Fragilidade ? uma condi??o na qual o indiv?duo apresenta uma maior vulnerabilidade para o desenvolvimento de depend?ncia, hospitaliza??o, institucionaliza??o, queda e mortalidade, dentre outros desfechos negativos, quando exposto a um estressor. V?rios processos fisiopatol?gicos envolvidos na fragilidade t?m estreita rela??o com aspectos nutricionais e de composi??o corporal e que, na avalia??o destas condi??es, a antropometria se apresenta como uma t?cnica ?til. Considerando que est?gios iniciais de fragilidade s?o comumente observados em idosos da comunidade e que instrumentos dispon?veis para a identifica??o de fragilidade (como o fen?tipo de Fried que ? amplamente utilizado) s?o complexos e de dif?cil aplica??o na aten??o b?sica, a busca por ferramentas simples torna-se importante. Na presente tese, s?o apresentados tr?s artigos originais. No primeiro artigo, A EVOLU??O DO ?NDICE DE ENVELHECIMENTO NO BRASIL, NAS SUAS REGI?ES E UNIDADES FEDERATIVAS NO PER?ODO DE 1970 A 2010, buscou-se abordar o ?ndice de envelhecimento, par?metro atrav?s do qual se avalia o processo de amplia??o do segmento idoso na popula??o total em rela??o ? varia??o relativa no grupo et?rio jovem. Para tanto, foram pesquisados dados dos Censos Demogr?ficos e dos Indicadores Sociais do IBGE. Evidenciou-se que a popula??o brasileira se encontra em franco processo de envelhecimento. Para o segundo artigo, DESCRI??O DE MEDIDAS ANTROPOM?TRICAS E AN?LISE DE SUA ASSOCIA??O COM G?NERO, IDADE E S?NDROME DA FRAGILIDADE EM IDOSOS ASSISTIDOS NA ESTRAT?GIA SA?DE DA FAM?LIA: DADOS DO EMI-SUS, foram analisados os dados de 583 idosos participantes de um estudo transversal denominado ?Estudo Epidemiol?gico e Cl?nico dos Idosos Atendidos na Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF) do Munic?pio de Porto Alegre (EMI-SUS)?. Observou-se que a frequ?ncia de fragilidade (diagnosticada pelo Fen?tipo de Fried) foi 21,5% e de pr?-fragilidade, 51,1% e que, das 41 medidas antropom?tricas avaliadas, somente uma n?o se mostrou associada com pelo menos uma das vari?veis dependentes investigadas (sexo, faixa et?ria ou fragilidade). No terceiro artigo, PERFORMANCE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASURES IN PREDICTING FRAILTY IN ELDERLY: LOGISTIC REGRESSION AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS, buscou-se investigar a performance de 26 medidas antropom?tricas na predi??o de fragilidade e formular uma ferramenta para sua identifica??o. Foram analisados os dados de 583 idosos participantes do EMI-SUS, divididos randomicamente em uma amostra de aprendizado (n=439) e uma amostra teste (n=144). Foram utilizados modelos de regress?o log?stica e rede neural artificial. A rede neural mostrou performance preditiva superior ? regress?o log?stica e resultou em uma ferramenta confi?vel na identifica??o de fragilidade em idosos. As medidas antropom?tricas peso, dobra cut?nea bicipital, di?metro abdominal sagital e circunfer?ncia da cintura, agrupadas, mostraram-se bons preditores de fragilidade em idosos.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-03-09T19:40:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CAMILA_ROSA_DE_OLIVEIRA_PARCIAL.pdf: 460793 bytes, checksum: 47da10ffea8be40e9499ca0d67b9964b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-09T19:40:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CAMILA_ROSA_DE_OLIVEIRA_PARCIAL.pdf: 460793 bytes, checksum: 47da10ffea8be40e9499ca0d67b9964b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The use of virtual reality technology in clinical neuropsychology has received emphasis in the areas of assessment and rehabilitation in recent decades. Thereby, this doctoral thesis consisted of four studies with the objective of developing an ecological task in virtual reality for neuropsychological assessment in elderly (the ECO-VR), and provide evidence of its validity and reliability. Overall, the studies were characterized by cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, correlational, and between participants comparison design. At the development stage, the sample included 29 non-specialist judges, who analyzed the representativeness degree of the ECO-VR scene and three-dimensional stimuli, five expert judges have verified the apparent validity of the tasks, and six elderly who responded to the pilot studies. In other thesis studies, initial overall sample included 169 community dwelling elderly, recruited by convenience and snowball technique. In addition, 141 informants were included to respond questionnaires of cognitive complaints and functional capacity in relation to the elderly. After considering the exclusion criteria, final overall sample consisted of 149 elderly, 38 identified with mild cognitive decline, according to international criteria. In addition to the ECO-VR, the instruments used were a socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire, the CAGE questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Geriatric Depression Scale-short form, a battery of neuropsychological tests, questionnaires of cognitive complaints and functional capacity. Data distribution was investigated by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and associations between the scores of ECO-RV and other variables were investigated by Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. In the reliability tests, we used the Cronbach's coefficient alpha and the halves method (half-split), by adjusting the value according to the Spearman-Brown formula. Comparisons between groups were performed using chi-square test, Student's t test for independent samples, Mann-Whitney test and univariate analysis, and the effect magnitude was assessed by the Cohen?s d. A discriminant analysis was also carried out with enter method, and variance-covariance homogeneity was investigated with the Shapiro-Wilk test and Box?s M. Results were considered significant when p ? 0.05 and the SPSS 22 version for Windows was used for data analysis. According to the results, the ECO-VR has shown evidence for apparent, criterion, construct, and ecological validity, as well as adequate reliability indices. Correlations between ECO-TV scores and demographic data, neuropsychological performance and functional capacity were found. The inclusion of technological tools in the clinical neuropsychology field seeks to enhance the evaluation methods, particulary in the diagnosis of cognitive disorders associated with aging process. / O uso da tecnologia de realidade virtual na neuropsicologia cl?nica tem recebido destaque tanto nos contextos de avalia??o quanto de reabilita??o nas ?ltimas d?cadas. Assim, a presente tese de doutorado foi composta por quatro estudos com o objetivo de desenvolver uma tarefa ecol?gica em realidade virtual para avalia??o neuropsicol?gica de idosos (a ECO-RV), bem como prover evid?ncias de validade e de fidedignidade desta. De maneira geral, os estudos caracterizaram-se por um delineamento transversal, quase-experimental, correlacional e entre participantes. Durante a etapa de desenvolvimento da ECO-RV, a amostra incluiu 29 ju?zes n?o especialistas, os quais analisaram o grau de representatividade do cen?rio e est?mulos tridimensionais, cinco ju?zes especialistas que verificaram a validade aparente das tarefas, e seis idosos que responderam aos estudos pilotos. Na realiza??o dos demais estudos da tese, a amostra geral inicial incluiu 169 idosos residentes da comunidade, recrutados por conveni?ncia e pela t?cnica de snowball. Ademais, foram inclu?dos 141 informantes que responderam a question?rios de queixas cognitivas e de capacidade funcional em rela??o aos idosos. Ap?s considerar os crit?rios de exclus?o, a amostra geral final foi composta por 149 idosos, sendo 38 identificados com decl?nio cognitivo leve conforme crit?rios internacionais. Al?m da ECO-RV, os instrumentos utilizados foram uma ficha de dados sociodemogr?ficos e cl?nicos, question?rio CAGE, Mini Exame do Estado Mental, Escala de Depress?o Geri?trica de 15 itens, uma bateria de testes neuropsicol?gicos, question?rios de queixas cognitivas e de capacidade funcional. A distribui??o dos dados foi verificada pelo teste de Kolmogotov-Smirnov, e associa??es entre os escores da ECO-RV e demais vari?veis foram investigadas por correla??o de Pearson e an?lises de regress?o linear m?ltiplas com m?todo stepwise. Nas an?lises de fidedignidade, utilizou-se o coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach e o m?todo das metades (split-half), cujo valor foi corrigido de acordo com a f?rmula de Spearman-Brown. Compara??es entre grupos foram realizadas atrav?s do teste qui-quadrado, teste t de Student para amostras independentes, teste U de Mann-Withney e an?lise univariada, e a magnitude de efeito foi verificada pelo d de Cohen. Realizou-se tamb?m uma an?lise discriminante com m?todo enter e a homogeneidade das vari?ncias-covari?ncias foi investigada com os testes de Shapiro-Wilk e M de Box. Resultados significativos foram considerados quando p ? 0,05 e utilizou-se o software SPSS vers?o 22 para Windows para a an?lise dos dados. De acordo com os resultados, a ECO-RV demonstrou evid?ncias de validade aparente, crit?rio, construto e ecol?gica, al?m de adequados ?ndices de confiabilidade. Encontraram-se correla??es entre os escores da ECO-RV e dados sociodemogr?ficos, desempenho neuropsicol?gico e capacidade funcional. A inclus?o de ferramentas tecnol?gicas no campo da neuropsicologia cl?nica busca incrementar os m?todos de avalia??o, principalmente na investiga??o de transtornos cognitivos associados ao processo de envelhecimento.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-04-18T11:31:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_DANIELA_VIROTE_KASSICK_MULLER_COMPLETO.pdf: 2995565 bytes, checksum: 5c9ca087f0739a0b8a2c517a21a0b2ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T11:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_DANIELA_VIROTE_KASSICK_MULLER_COMPLETO.pdf: 2995565 bytes, checksum: 5c9ca087f0739a0b8a2c517a21a0b2ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-15 / Aging is a natural process and result of the passage of time, common to all living beings. Can be considered biologically as involution morphofunctional that affect all major physiological systems; however, in varying degrees, as it does not prevent the person ages remain active, independent and happy. Population aging is a global phenomenon and brings with it a greater concern of gerontologists for this process to occur with minimal dysfunctions and pathologies, thus preserving the old, so that it has a better chance of going through this period of life with greater functionality and autonomy as possible. Therefore, in this thesis, we present three original articles that deal with the aging process and its consequences, both functional and morphological point of view, from an evaluation of a total of 105 residents community-dwelling elderly of the west side of Rio Grande do Sul. In the first article, entitled isokinetic muscle strength of knee flexors and extensors between sarcopenic elderly and non sarcopenic, data of muscle function obtained by exclusively isokinetic dynamometer among elderly men introduced himself, classifying them according the muscular mass index (MMI) between sarcopenic and not sarcopenic. This manuscript intended to verify the actual reduction of the decrease in muscle mass associated with muscular performance and the results demonstrated decreased that older adults with decreased MMI showed reduced muscle function when compared to older people without this disorder. In the second, Comparison of muscle mass, isokinetic muscle strength test and sits and raises 30' in the elderly, the findings related to muscle function of the lower limbs in the elderly are demonstrated by comparing female and male, with and without a diagnosis of sarcopenia. This article also sought to analyze whether there was relationship between muscle function assessed by isokinetic dynamometer to test and sit up for 30 seconds between older men and women. The results made it possible to verify that, although the elderly men have a worse body mass index they have managed to preserve a better muscle function that older women compared through the isokinetic dynamometer. The third article, entitled Analysis of body balance in elderly classified into different age groups using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP), presented the data obtained from the evaluation of the body balance in the balance of cash by sensory organization test and motor control. In order to classify the elderly, this study grouped them into three age groups hoping to see if advancing age had significant association with reduced body control. Through statistical analysis it was seen that those still younger preserve a better body stability. / O envelhecimento ? um processo natural e consequ?ncia da passagem dos anos, comum a todos os seres vivos. Pode ser considerado biologicamente como a involu??o morfofuncional que afeta todos os sistemas fisiol?gicos principais; por?m, de forma vari?vel, j? que n?o impede que a pessoa que envelhece se mantenha ativa, independente e feliz. O envelhecimento populacional ? um fen?meno mundial e traz consigo uma maior preocupa??o de geront?logos para que esse processo ocorra com o m?nimo de disfun??es e patologias, preservando, assim, o idoso, a fim de que o mesmo tenha maiores chances de atravessar este per?odo da vida com a maior funcionalidade e autonomia poss?vel. Diante disso, na presente tese, s?o apresentados tr?s artigos originais que versam sobre o processo de envelhecimento e suas consequ?ncias, tanto do ponto de vista morfol?gico, quanto funcional a partir de uma avalia??o de um total de 105 idosos comunit?rios residentes da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul. No primeiro artigo, intitulado For?a muscular isocin?tica de flexores e extensores de joelho entre idosos sarcop?nicos e n?o sarcop?nicos, apresentou-se os dados da fun??o muscular obtidos atrav?s da dinamometria isocin?tica exclusivamente entre os idosos do sexo masculino, classificando-os segundo o ?ndice de massa muscular (IMM) entre sarcop?nicos e n?o sarcop?nicos. Este manuscrito pretendia verificar a real redu??o da performance muscular associada a diminui??o da massa muscular e os resultados demontraram que idosos com diminui??o do IMM apresentaram fun??o muscular reduzida quando comparados aos idosos sem esta desordem. No segundo, Compara??o da massa muscular, for?a muscular isocin?tica e teste senta e levanta 30? em idosos, s?o demonstrados os achados referentes ? fun??o muscular dos membros inferiores entre idosos, comparando sexo feminino e masculino, com e sem diagn?stico de sarcopenia. Este artigo tamb?m pretendeu analisar se haveria rela??o entre a fun??o muscular avaliada pela dinamometria isocin?tica com o teste de senta e levanta por 30 segundos entre homens e mulheres idosos. Os resultados encontrados possibilitaram verificar que, apesar de os idosos do sexo masculino apresentarem pior ?ndice de massa muscular estes conseguiram preservar uma melhor fun??o do m?sculo que as mulheres idosas quando comparados atrav?s da dinamometria isocin?tica. O terceiro artigo, com o t?tulo de An?lise do equil?brio corporal em idosos classificados em diferentes faixas et?rias atrav?s da posturografia din?mica computadorizada (PDC), apresentou os dados obtidos atrav?s da avalia??o do equil?brio corporal na caixa de equil?brio pelos testes de organiza??o sensorial e controle motor. A fim de classificar os idosos, este estudo os agrupou em tr?s faixas et?rias na expectativa de visualizar se o avan?o da idade apresentava rela??o significativa com a redu??o do controle corporal. Atrav?s da an?lise estat?stica foi visto que os idosos considerados mais jovens preservam uma melhor estabilidade corporal.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-04-22T13:04:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_SIMONE_APARECIDA_CELINA_DAS_NEVES_ASSIS_COMPLETO.pdf: 2684611 bytes, checksum: ced2f2d90221a7a6dd0b4f297923e4b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-22T13:04:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_SIMONE_APARECIDA_CELINA_DAS_NEVES_ASSIS_COMPLETO.pdf: 2684611 bytes, checksum: ced2f2d90221a7a6dd0b4f297923e4b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-21 / Introduction: Epidemiological studies have shown that practicing, in the course of life, activities such as studying, working and leisure promotes what science calls cognitive reserve, a type of brain resilience that makes the individual that has this property more tolerant to the pathological decline of cognition than others. Studies have evidence that keeping practicing these activities late in life may increase this reserve and reduce the risk of Alzheimer's Disease development. Currently, a modality of cognitive training, neurorehabilitation using video games, has demonstrated a likely positive effect on different domains of cognition, especially on memory. Goal: To verify the effect of cognitive training modality, neurorehabilitation using video games controlled by body movements, on the cognition of elderly individuals suffering from amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), clustered in three educational levels, primary, secondary and higher education. Methods: Eighty-nine elderly women suffering from amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) completed the intervention period of a cognitive neurorehabilitation program. The elderly were grouped in three educational levels, primary, secondary and higher education. Participants were also divided into an Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG) for each educational level. EG included 44 participants and CG, 45. The period of cognitive intervention was three months, 12 weeks, 24 sessions (60 minutes each) twice a week, with total workload of 24 hours. Cognitive performance was assessed using neuropsychological tests before and after the 24 intervention sessions. The control group participated in cognitive performance assessments and meetings with the team of investigators (psychoeducational lectures). Instruments administered included the 3rd edition of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS III) and the 3rd edition of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS III). Results: A two-way repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated the interaction between session, education and group. Cognitive intervention improved the performance of the elderly with primary education in all memory measures of the WMS III; whereas the performance of the elderly with secondary education improved in some memory measures, such as immediate and delayed auditory memory, immediate memory, and general memory. There is no improvement on performance in memory measures of the elderly group with higher education. The intervention did not change the performance of volunteers in the WAIS III intelligence measures to which participants were subjected. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that the benefit found in the performance in all memory measures for elderly women with primary education resulted from the plastic stimulation promoted by the cognitive training period, cognitive tasks using video games, therapeutic setting of the cognitive training program and, especially, the motivation of participants to learn during aging. The combination of all these variables led to new experiences and learning for the elderly. The findings suggest that the improvement in performance in the ability of the memory of elderly women with basic education be assimilated to the performance of the elderly participants with a higher education level. We can conclude that the new experiences and motivation alert brought about by the opportunity to learn promoted the consolidation of learning in volunteers with a lower educational level. / Introdu??o: Estudos epidemiol?gicos t?m demonstrado que praticar ao longo da vida atividades como estudo, trabalho e lazer promovem o que a ci?ncia denomina de reserva cognitiva, uma forma de resili?ncia cerebral que torna o indiv?duo que a possui mais tolerante ao decl?nio patol?gico da cogni??o do que outros. Estudos evidenciam que manter a pratica destas atividades tardiamente na vida pode aumentar esta reserva e reduzir o risco de desenvolvimento da Doen?a de Alzheimer. Atualmente, uma modalidade de treino cognitivo, a neuro reabilita??o com o uso de jogos de v?deo game tem demonstrado potencial efeito positivo em diferentes dom?nios da cogni??o, em especial na mem?ria. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos de uma modalidade de treino cognitivo, a neuro reabilita??o com o uso de jogos de v?deo game controlados por movimento corporal na cogni??o de idosos portadores de Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve tipo amn?sico (a CCL) agrupados em tr?s n?veis educacionais ensino fundamental, m?dio e superior. M?todos: 89 idosas portadoras de Comprometimento Cognitivo Leve tipo amn?sico (aCCL) completaram o per?odo de interven??o de um programa de neuro reabilita??o cognitiva. As idosas foram agrupadas em tr?s n?veis educacionais fundamental, m?dio e superior. As participantes, tamb?m, foram divididas em Grupo Experimental (GE) e Grupo Controle (GC) para cada n?vel educacional. O GE contou com 44 participantes e o GC com 45. O per?odo da interven??o cognitiva foi de 3 meses, 12 semanas, 24 sess?es (60 minutos cada) por 2 vezes/semana com carga hor?ria total de 24 horas. Foram realizadas avalia??es de desempenho cognitivo com testes neuropsicol?gicos antes e ap?s as 24 sess?es de interven??o. O grupo controle participou das avalia??es de desempenho cognitivo e de encontros com o time de pesquisadores (palestras psicoeducativas). Os instrumentos administrados inclu?ram a Escala Wechsler de Mem?ria 3? Ed. (WMS III) e a Escala Wechsler de Intelig?ncia para adultos 3? Ed. (WAIS III). Resultados: ANOVA de duas vias mais medidas repetidas demonstra intera??o entre sess?o, educa??o e grupo. A interven??o cognitiva melhorou o desempenho das idosas com ensino fundamental em todas as medidas de mem?ria da Escala Wechsler de Mem?ria 3? ed. (WMS III). Por outro lado, a interven??o cognitiva melhorou o desempenho das idosas com ensino m?dio em algumas medidas de mem?ria como, mem?ria auditiva imediata e tardia, mem?ria imediata e mem?ria geral. E n?o h? melhora no desempenho em medidas de mem?ria no grupo de idosas com ensino superior. A interven??o n?o alterou o desempenho das volunt?rias em medidas de intelig?ncia da Escala Wechsler de Intelig?ncia 3? ed. (WAIS III) as quais as participantes foram submetidas. Conclus?o: Os achados demonstram que o benef?cio encontrado no desempenho em todas as medidas de mem?ria para idosas com ensino fundamental foram resultantes da estimula??o pl?stica promovida pelo tempo de treino cognitivo, pelas tarefas cognitivas dos jogos de v?deo game, pelo setting terap?utico do programa de treino cognitivo e principalmente pela motiva??o das participantes em aprender no envelhecimento. Todos esses fatores em conjunto promoveram novas experi?ncias e aprendizagens para as idosas. Os achados sugerem que a melhora no desempenho na habilidade de mem?ria das idosas com ensino fundamental pode ser equiparado ao desempenho das idosas participantes com escolaridade mais alta. Podemos concluir que as novas experi?ncias e o alerta motivacional gerado pela oportunidade de aprender promoveram a consolida??o do aprendizado nas volunt?rias com baixo n?vel educacional.