Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Moreira dos Santos.pdf: 2356896 bytes, checksum: bce58a70b1d7d58a682c1bf70c922709 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-09 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This critical natured doctoral dissertation, proposes examining the interpersonal functions of the causal, conditional and concessional connectors - also involving cases in which they do not occur - focusing on the persuasive process created by these connectors. The research focuses on the pragmatic function performed by these connectors in addition to its known role to signal the syntactic-semantic dependence on the main clause. In markedly argumentative texts, such as conversation and opinion article, the connector will be examined as interactive elements, guiding the reader in the the course of the text, and as interaction elements, contributing to the persuasive process by setting the logic of the argument. On the other hand, in terms of the structure of both genres, whose texture is supported in text modes - description, narration and argument - the research examines the prevalence of these connectors in each of these modes in different examined genres, as well as how such persuasive function occurs. The research is supported by the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) - considered the most suitable proposal for the application of Critical Linguistics. The SFG is a multi-perspective model, designed to offer analysts more choice for the interpretation of the language in use - which builds three simultaneous meanings, according to the orientation of the GSF: Ideational (information), interpersonal (interaction) and textual (linguistic organization of two other meanings). Such simultaneity is due to the fact that languages have an intermediate coding level, the lexicogrammar, a set of concrete forms language options that relate with the deep structure, where, for example, underlying ideologies are found. The SFG provides thus examining the interface grammar / speech, the alliance between the morphosyntactic forms of language with the semantic and pragmatic functions they serve in communication, viz., the use of language. This research, with theoretical and methodological support of the Systemic Functional Grammar attempts to answer the following questions: (a) How are the relations of cause, condition and concession realized in the examined texts?; (b) what is the role of these relations in the persuasion that runs along the argumentative text? The analyzes show the uses of connective cause, condition and concession with various forms of implicit and explicit expression, with different discursive functions / Esta tese de doutorado, de cunho crítico, propõe o exame das funções interpessoais dos conectivos causais, condicionais e concessivos - envolvendo também os casos de sua omissão - com enfoque no processo persuasivo exercido por esses conectivos. A pesquisa centra-se na função pragmática exercida por esses conectivos, além do seu conhecido papel de sinalizar a dependência sintático-semântica em relação à oração principal. Em textos marcadamente argumentativos, tais como, a conversa e o artigo de opinião, os conectivos serão examinados tanto como elementos interativos, orientando o leitor no percurso do texto, quanto como elementos interacionais, contribuindo no processo persuasivo, ao estabelecer a lógica da argumentação. Por outro lado, em termos da estrutura dos dois gêneros, cuja textura tem apoio nos modos textuais descrição, narração e argumentação a pesquisa examina a prevalência desses conectivos em cada um desses modos, nos diferentes gêneros examinados, bem como o modo como exercem sua função persuasiva. A pesquisa tem o apoio da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (GSF) - proposta apontada como a mais adequada para a aplicação da Linguística Crítica. A GSF é um modelo multiperspectivo, designado a dar aos analistas lentes complementares para a interpretação da língua em uso - a qual constrói três significados simultâneos: Ideacional, Interpessoal e Textual. A referida simultaneidade deve-se ao fato de a língua possuir um nível intermediário de codificação, a lexicogramática, um conjunto de opções de formas linguísticas concretas, que se relacionam com a estrutura profunda, onde se encontram, por exemplo, posições ideológicas subjacentes. A GSF propicia, assim, o exame da interface gramática/discurso, a aliança entre as formas morfossintáticas da língua com as funções semânticas e pragmáticas a que elas servem na comunicação, ou seja, no uso da língua. A presente pesquisa, com o apoio teórico-metodológico da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional, responde às seguintes perguntas: (a) Como são realizadas as relações de causa, condição e concessão nos textos examinados?; (b) Qual é o papel dessas relações na persuasão que percorre o texto argumentativo? As análises mostram os usos dos conectivos de causa, condição e concessão com diversas formas de expressão, implícitas e explícitas, com diferentes funções discursivas

Submitted by Lara Cristina Ribeiro Piau Marques (lara.piau@gmail.com) on 2018-02-28T00:05:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação LCRPM.pdf: 2211229 bytes, checksum: c982ec3190d133cc63d6dd2ee78f9483 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diego Andrade (diego.andrade@fgv.br) on 2018-03-01T12:20:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação LCRPM.pdf: 2211229 bytes, checksum: c982ec3190d133cc63d6dd2ee78f9483 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-02T13:09:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação LCRPM.pdf: 2211229 bytes, checksum: c982ec3190d133cc63d6dd2ee78f9483 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-29 / TO DAPP Report é uma publicação sem vinculação política ou partidária, produzida pela Diretoria de Análise de Políticas Públicas da Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV DAPP), que tem o objetivo de disponibilizar uma análise do cenário político brasileiro a partir do debate público nas redes sociais. A metodologia de análise de redes sociais aplicada pode ser aferida na publicação "Nem tão #simples assim: o desafio de monitorar políticas públicas nas redes sociais", disponível em http://dapp.fgv.br/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/web-nem-tao-simples-assim-corrigido-18-12-17-941-1.pdfThe legitimacy and autonomy of the decisions that guide and define the regulatory action are supported by a regulatory model designed by the Federal Constitution, laws and principles that configure the so-called regulatory framework. It is therefore within the perimeter of the regulatory framework that the decisions and regulatory choices of the Brazilian Electricity Sector must be defined and adopted. These presuppose clear rules, predictability and absence of external interference, always observing the need to preserve an environment that reconciles the investor's confidence and the guarantee of the adequate provision of the service. But the impact and scope of regulatory choices have been increasingly submitted to the Judiciary. Based on the intense judicialization of regulatory choices in the Brazilian Electricity Sector, which impact the settlement and accounting of energy purchase and sale contracts, carried out by the Electric Energy Trading Chamber (CCEE), this work pretend to identify, through the study of CNPE 03/2013 and GSF cases, the factor or the element that is provoking the migration of the discussion of these subjects, of preponderant technical-regulatory nature, to the Judiciary Power. The hypothesis is that the judicialization is responsive and reactive, and stems from the attempt to avoid imbalance and financial burden imposed on agents, with changes in contractual conditions and business plan, by regulatory choices out of alignment with the logic and regulatory structure / A legitimidade e a autonomia das decisões que orientam e que definem a atuação regulatória são sustentadas por um modelo regulatório desenhado pela Constituição Federal, leis e princípios que configuram o chamado marco regulatório. É, portanto, no perímetro do marco regulatório que devem ser definidas e adotadas as decisões e escolhas regulatórias do Setor Elétrico Brasileiro. Estas pressupõem regras claras, previsibilidade e ausência de interferências externas, observando-se sempre a necessidade de se preservar um ambiente que concilie a confiança do investidor e a garantia da adequada prestação do serviço. Mas o impacto e o alcance das escolhas regulatórias têm sido cada vez submetidos ao Poder Judiciário. A partir da constatação da intensa judicialização de escolhas regulatórias do Setor Elétrico Brasileiro, que impactam a liquidação e contabilização dos contratos de compra e venda de energia, realizadas pela Câmara de Comercialização de Energia Elétrica – CCEE –, este trabalho buscou identificar, pelo estudo dos casos CNPE 03/2013 e GSF, o fator ou o elemento que está provocando a migração da discussão destes temas, de natureza preponderantemente técnica-regulatória, para o Poder Judiciário. A hipótese é que a judicialização é responsiva e reativa, e decorre da tentativa de se evitar desequilíbrio e ônus financeiro impostos aos agentes, com alteração das condições contratuais e do plano de negócio, por escolhas regulatórias desalinhadas com a lógica e com a estrutura regulatórias

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The theoretical perspective adopted in this study is part of a systemic-functionalist view of language. The language can be analyzed from different angles, as the postulates of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), which considers the texts with metafunciont encompassing ideational, interpersonal and textual meanings. The textual metafunction organizes the language in a unit of meaning (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004, 2014) that allows us to recognize how we build the flow of information in texts. On the internet, a range of publications explodes daily and we realized many new textual genres arising from the heavy use of technologies and their interference in daily communication activities. Among these new genres are the fanfiction. In this sense, the objective of this study focuses on analyzing how to process the flow of textual information in fanfiction, that is, how we can build these texts as a unit of meaning. The texts are written in portuguese and published in the two largest sites of fanfiction publications in Brazil. The results show that the functional units of amusement - Theme occur mainly at the level of the clause and that the boundary between the subject and the Rheme is located immediately after the first phrasal element with a representation or representational function. The notion of theme, initially equated in terms of the clause, can provide valuable input for the analysis of textual structures. The results also show that in each phase of the text, there may be different sets of semantic topics and N-Rheme, which is essential stages of progression in the textual and therefore all the texts. We consider Theme and N-Rheme as important elements for the analysis above surfaces of sentence - in particular the thematic and rhemetic progression and development, and in general, the construction of textual structure. / A perspectiva teórica adotada neste estudo insere-se numa visão sistêmico-funcionalista da linguagem. A linguagem pode ser analisada de diferentes ângulos, conforme os postulados da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (GFS), que considera os textos como construções metafuncionais que englobam complexos de significados ideacionais, interpessoais e textuais. A metafunção textual organiza a linguagem em uma unidade de sentido (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) que permite averiguar de que forma se constrói o fluxo de informação em textos. Na internet, uma gama de publicações explode diariamente e percebemos muitos gêneros textuais novos advindos do intenso uso das tecnologias e suas interferências nas atividades comunicativas diárias. Dentre esses novos gêneros estão as chamadas fanfictions. Nesse sentido o objetivo deste estudo concentra-se em analisar como se processa o fluxo de informação textual de fanfictions, ou seja, a forma como se constroem esses textos como unidade de sentido. Os textos são escritos em língua portuguesa e publicados nos dois maiores sites de publicações de fanfictions do Brasil. Os resultados mostram que as unidades funcionais Tema-Rema se manifestam principalmente ao nível da oração e que a fronteira entre o Tema e o Rema se situa imediatamente após o primeiro elemento frásico com uma função ideacional ou de representação. A noção de Tema, inicialmente equacionada ao nível da oração, pode fornecer elementos válidos para a análise de estruturas textuais. Os resultados mostram ainda que, em cada estágio do texto, é possível haver distintos conjuntos semânticos de Temas e N-Remas oracionais, o que é determinante na progressão textual dos estágios e, por conseguinte, da globalidade dos textos. Consideramos os Temas oracionais e a análise do conjunto de N-Rema como elementos importantes para a análise de diversas dimensões acima da oração designadamente a progressão e o desenvolvimento temáticos e remáticos e, de um modo geral, a construção da estrutura textual.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / An increasing number of measurements reveal the presence of a low-energy enhancement in the gamma-ray strength function (GSF). The GSF, which is the ability of nuclei to absorb or emit rays, provides insight into the statistical properties of atomic nuclei. For this project the GSF was studied for 74Ge which was populated in the reaction 74Ge(p,p')74Ge* at a beam energy of 18 MeV. The data were collected with the STARS-LIBERACE array at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Silicon detector telescopes were used for particle identi cation and rays in coincidence were detected with 5 clover-type high-purity germanium detectors. Through the analysis particle- - coincidence events were constructed. These events, together with well-known energy levels, were used to identify primary rays from the quasicontinuum. Primary rays from a broad excitation energy region, which decay to six 2+ states could be identi ed. These states and the associated primary rays are used to measure the GSF for 74Ge with the Ratio Method [1], which entails taking ratios of e ciency-corrected primary -ray intensities from the quasicontinuum. Results from the analysis of the data and focus on the existence of the low-energy enhancement in 74Ge will be discussed. The results are further discussed in the context of other work done on 74Ge using the ( , ') [2], (3He,3He') [3] and ( , ') [4] reactions.

O setor elétrico brasileiro é composto, majoritariamente, por usinas hidrelétricas, cuja operação é realizada de forma centralizada pelo Operador Nacional do Sistema (ONS). Devido às características do setor, foi criado durante a década de 1990 o Mecanismo de Realocação de Energia (MRE) com o intuito de compartilhar o risco hidrológico entre as usinas participantes deste mecanismo, o qual é medido pelo Generation Scaling Factor (GSF). Entre os anos de 2014 e 2015, o Brasil enfrentou um período de escassez hídrica que impactou negativamente o caixa dos geradores hídricos. Estes, insatisfeitos com o cenário, articularam-se junto à Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL) e ao Ministério de Minas e Energia (MME) para que o risco hidrológico fosse transferido para os consumidores. A agência reguladora posicionou-se contrária ao pleito dos geradores na primeira fase da Audiência Pública 32/2015, que tratou do tema em questão, entretanto o governo editou a Medida Provisória 688/2015 que possibilitou a repactuação do risco hidrológico mediante um pagamento de prêmio de risco pelos geradores hídricos. Neste contexto, esta dissertação foi desenvolvida com o objetivo principal de avaliar o processo de repactuação do risco hidrológico, a partir dos estudos sobre a evolução da Teoria da Regulação, com foco na atuação dos grupos de interesse. Os resultados indicam possibilidade em aplicar os pressupostos da Teoria dos Grupos de Interesse, principalmente a abordagem de Pelztman (1976), no processo de repactuação do risco hidrológico, demonstrando que: (i) a regulação surge como demanda dos grupos de interesse; (ii) a regulação tende a beneficiar os grupos de interesse que forem mais ativos politicamente; (iii) os agentes envolvidos no processo de regulação atuam para maximizar sua própria utilidade; e (iv) a regulação tende a beneficiar grupos de interesse cujo benefício per capita seja maior. / The Brazilian Power sector consists of hydroelectric plants, whose operation is performed centrally by the mainly National System Operator. Due to the system characteristics, during the 1990s, was created the Energy Reallocation Mechanism in order to share hydrological risk among mechanism\'s participating, which is measured by the Generation Scaling Factor (GSF). Between 2014 and 2015, Brazil faced a water scarcity period that negatively affected the hydropower generators revenue. The generators unsatisfied with this situation have started seek to influence the electricity regulatory agency and the Ministry of Mines and Energy in order to transferred the hydrologic risk to consumers. The regulatory agency has positioned itself against the claim of the generators in the first phase of the Public Hearing 32/2015, but the government has published Interim Measure 688/2015 which allowed the renegotiation of the hydrological risk through a premium risk payment by hydropower generators. In this context, this work was developed with the main objective of analysing the renegotiation process of hydrological risk, such analysis was based on the evolution of regulation theory studies, focusing on the role of interest groups. The results indicate the possibility of applying the assumptions of Theory of Economics Regulation, mainly the Pelztman (1976) approach, on the renegotiation of the hydrological risk process demonstrating that: (i) regulation is supplied in reponse to the interest groups demand for regulation; (ii) regulation is most likely to benefit the interest groups that are more active politically; (iii) agents involved in the regulatory process act to maximize their own utility; and (iv) regulation trends to benefit interest groups which highest per capita benefit.

O setor elétrico brasileiro é composto, majoritariamente, por usinas hidrelétricas, cuja operação é realizada de forma centralizada pelo Operador Nacional do Sistema (ONS). Devido às características do setor, foi criado durante a década de 1990 o Mecanismo de Realocação de Energia (MRE) com o intuito de compartilhar o risco hidrológico entre as usinas participantes deste mecanismo, o qual é medido pelo Generation Scaling Factor (GSF). Entre os anos de 2014 e 2015, o Brasil enfrentou um período de escassez hídrica que impactou negativamente o caixa dos geradores hídricos. Estes, insatisfeitos com o cenário, articularam-se junto à Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL) e ao Ministério de Minas e Energia (MME) para que o risco hidrológico fosse transferido para os consumidores. A agência reguladora posicionou-se contrária ao pleito dos geradores na primeira fase da Audiência Pública 32/2015, que tratou do tema em questão, entretanto o governo editou a Medida Provisória 688/2015 que possibilitou a repactuação do risco hidrológico mediante um pagamento de prêmio de risco pelos geradores hídricos. Neste contexto, esta dissertação foi desenvolvida com o objetivo principal de avaliar o processo de repactuação do risco hidrológico, a partir dos estudos sobre a evolução da Teoria da Regulação, com foco na atuação dos grupos de interesse. Os resultados indicam possibilidade em aplicar os pressupostos da Teoria dos Grupos de Interesse, principalmente a abordagem de Pelztman (1976), no processo de repactuação do risco hidrológico, demonstrando que: (i) a regulação surge como demanda dos grupos de interesse; (ii) a regulação tende a beneficiar os grupos de interesse que forem mais ativos politicamente; (iii) os agentes envolvidos no processo de regulação atuam para maximizar sua própria utilidade; e (iv) a regulação tende a beneficiar grupos de interesse cujo benefício per capita seja maior. / The Brazilian Power sector consists of hydroelectric plants, whose operation is performed centrally by the mainly National System Operator. Due to the system characteristics, during the 1990s, was created the Energy Reallocation Mechanism in order to share hydrological risk among mechanism\'s participating, which is measured by the Generation Scaling Factor (GSF). Between 2014 and 2015, Brazil faced a water scarcity period that negatively affected the hydropower generators revenue. The generators unsatisfied with this situation have started seek to influence the electricity regulatory agency and the Ministry of Mines and Energy in order to transferred the hydrologic risk to consumers. The regulatory agency has positioned itself against the claim of the generators in the first phase of the Public Hearing 32/2015, but the government has published Interim Measure 688/2015 which allowed the renegotiation of the hydrological risk through a premium risk payment by hydropower generators. In this context, this work was developed with the main objective of analysing the renegotiation process of hydrological risk, such analysis was based on the evolution of regulation theory studies, focusing on the role of interest groups. The results indicate the possibility of applying the assumptions of Theory of Economics Regulation, mainly the Pelztman (1976) approach, on the renegotiation of the hydrological risk process demonstrating that: (i) regulation is supplied in reponse to the interest groups demand for regulation; (ii) regulation is most likely to benefit the interest groups that are more active politically; (iii) agents involved in the regulatory process act to maximize their own utility; and (iv) regulation trends to benefit interest groups which highest per capita benefit.

The South African Department of Basic Education and Department of Higher Education and Training (2011a) made a call for the development of mathematics knowledge and practice standards in the foundation phase to serve as guidelines for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in the different higher education institutions. The purpose of the study in hand was to develop draft knowledge and practice standards in the number domain for the preparation of foundation phase teachers (referred to as mathematics knowledge and practice standards). These standards have to be refined and improved in further studies and should in the end serve as knowledge and practice standards for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa. Through a conceptual qualitative research methodology the researcher purposefully collected documents and analysed them through content analysis. The data-gathering process took place in three phases. During the first phase, policy documents with regard to general standards for teacher preparation, written school curriculum documents and mathematical standards for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa, the United States of America, Australia and the Netherlands were gathered. The second phase involved the purposeful gathering of articles, research reports and teacher preparation textbooks with regard to the preparation of foundation phase teachers to teach the number domain. During the first and second phases of data gathering, the documents were analysed according to mathematical knowledge for teaching as described by Ball, Thames and Phelps (2008) and the first draft of mathematical knowledge and practice standards was compiled. During the third data-gathering phase, critical evaluation reports were gathered from experts in the field of mathematics education (including researchers at universities and practising foundation phase teachers). The critical evaluation includes gaps/shortcomings in the draft mathematics knowledge and practice standards, as well as comments with regard to the clarity, applicability and functionality of the document. The draft mathematics knowledge and practice standards (MKPSs) for the preparation of foundation phase teachers include: Standard 1: Common content knowledge – The foundation phase teacher has a clear understanding of the common content knowledge of the number domain. Standard 2: Specialised content knowledge – The foundation phase teacher has a clear understanding of the specialised content of the number domain. Standard 3: Knowledge at the mathematical horizon – The foundation phase teacher understands how mathematical themes in the number domain relate to other themes in the different foundation phase year groups and in other phases. Standard 4: Knowledge of content and teaching – The foundation phase teacher is able to plan lessons and knows how to teach the number domain. Standard 5: Knowledge of content and learners – The foundation phase teacher knows the foundation phase learners and knows how they learn the number domain. Standard 6: Knowledge of content and the curriculum – The foundation phase teacher understands the South African school curriculum, as well as international trends in the school curriculum concerning the number domain. Those experts in the field of mathematics education in the foundation phase who participated in the study all indicated that the mathematics knowledge and practice standards in the number domain have the potential to boost the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa. / MEd (Mathematics Education), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The South African Department of Basic Education and Department of Higher Education and Training (2011a) made a call for the development of mathematics knowledge and practice standards in the foundation phase to serve as guidelines for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in the different higher education institutions. The purpose of the study in hand was to develop draft knowledge and practice standards in the number domain for the preparation of foundation phase teachers (referred to as mathematics knowledge and practice standards). These standards have to be refined and improved in further studies and should in the end serve as knowledge and practice standards for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa. Through a conceptual qualitative research methodology the researcher purposefully collected documents and analysed them through content analysis. The data-gathering process took place in three phases. During the first phase, policy documents with regard to general standards for teacher preparation, written school curriculum documents and mathematical standards for the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa, the United States of America, Australia and the Netherlands were gathered. The second phase involved the purposeful gathering of articles, research reports and teacher preparation textbooks with regard to the preparation of foundation phase teachers to teach the number domain. During the first and second phases of data gathering, the documents were analysed according to mathematical knowledge for teaching as described by Ball, Thames and Phelps (2008) and the first draft of mathematical knowledge and practice standards was compiled. During the third data-gathering phase, critical evaluation reports were gathered from experts in the field of mathematics education (including researchers at universities and practising foundation phase teachers). The critical evaluation includes gaps/shortcomings in the draft mathematics knowledge and practice standards, as well as comments with regard to the clarity, applicability and functionality of the document. The draft mathematics knowledge and practice standards (MKPSs) for the preparation of foundation phase teachers include: Standard 1: Common content knowledge – The foundation phase teacher has a clear understanding of the common content knowledge of the number domain. Standard 2: Specialised content knowledge – The foundation phase teacher has a clear understanding of the specialised content of the number domain. Standard 3: Knowledge at the mathematical horizon – The foundation phase teacher understands how mathematical themes in the number domain relate to other themes in the different foundation phase year groups and in other phases. Standard 4: Knowledge of content and teaching – The foundation phase teacher is able to plan lessons and knows how to teach the number domain. Standard 5: Knowledge of content and learners – The foundation phase teacher knows the foundation phase learners and knows how they learn the number domain. Standard 6: Knowledge of content and the curriculum – The foundation phase teacher understands the South African school curriculum, as well as international trends in the school curriculum concerning the number domain. Those experts in the field of mathematics education in the foundation phase who participated in the study all indicated that the mathematics knowledge and practice standards in the number domain have the potential to boost the preparation of foundation phase teachers in South Africa. / MEd (Mathematics Education), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014