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Often play therapists are faced with challenges when working with caregivers of transgender and gender expansive children. We are legally and ethically called to provide affirmative services and support. This presentation assists in developing skills for supporting all clients in play therapy

La conciliabilità lavorativa è un nodo complesso del nostro tempo, che fatica ad essere sciolto. Non si tratta di un problema individuale da risolvere a livello personale, quanto piuttosto di una tematica a rilevanza societaria che richiede pertanto un intreccio virtuoso di progettazione politica, intervento legislativo e misure aziendali a supporto. La questione tuttavia, non si gioca solo a livello istituzionale. Come mostrato dal presente lavoro di ricerca, infatti, lavoratori e le lavoratrici si trovano ad essere, in un quadro di generale incertezza, attori protagonisti di un lento e difficoltoso processo di trasformazione sociale e organizzativa che richiede un consenso unanime ed un accordo trasversale, pena la sua incompiutezza e contraddittorietà. Da qui l'importanza di chiarire e mettere in luce le differenti, e a volte contrapposte, valenze che il tema assume tra i diversi protagonisti del mondo del lavoro e mostrare come le relazioni personali e lavorative, familiari e di coppia, intervengano nella definizione e nell'utilizzo delle misure di conciliazione. / Work-life integration is a complicated knot of our society, difficult to be undone. It is not a personal problem to be solved individually; rather it is a social issue and therefore needs a coherent mix of policy, legislation, organizational measures. Anyway the institutional level is not enough. Actually, as this work shows, men and women are the main characters of a slow and tough process of social and organizational change that requires the agreement of all the parties concerned. Thus it is important to make clear the different, and sometimes contrary, meanings of work-life integration among subjects acting in the labour market and to show how family, gender and labour relationships affect the definition and usage of work-life balance benefits.

Abstract This thesis investigates the extent to which gender considerations are being incorporated into the planning and policy making of the public transport system in Queensland, Australia. Using public transport in South East Queensland (SEQ) as a case study, this thesis analyses why and how gender issues are still being overlooked and excluded from mainstream planning. It investigates the application of a gender analysis approach in theory and practice and provides recommendations for integrating a gender perspective in the development of public transport policy. The study is beneficial in terms of making contributions to promote better understanding of how feminist theory could enhance the development of public transport policy. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Participants were selected from different demographic groups (politicians, bureaucrats, academics, women’s subgroups and individuals from the broader community) using theoretical/purposive sampling methods. The collection and analysis of data were guided by feminist sociological theory as a framework and gender analysis was utilised in reviewing transport research, policies, programs, plans and legislation. The thesis findings showed that there are gender differentiated behaviours between men and women in relation to their transport needs. In particular, the manner in which men and women behave is linked to an array of underlying factors such as gender relations, the social role of women and their personal circumstances, household structure, transport-disadvantage issues, and their broader socio-economic environment. The research noted that gaps exist in the current public transport delivery in SEQ. Three main categories of issues were identified namely key gender issues, gender-obscured issues and gender-neutral issues. The key gender issues included personal safety and security, time-space pressured travel, lack of adequate facilities, driver’s knowledge, skills and attitudes, mobility-constraint issues and features of public transport that have gender impacts. The gender-obscured issues included language difficulty, cost and infrequency of service. The gender-neutral issues included but not limited to public transport design, unequal distribution of transport services and impacts specific to areas outside the TransLink network. The research highlights how the issues interlock with the social, economic, cultural, structural and political factors of the environment in which women and men live. The thesis concludes that there is a lack of effective engagement with women, and that greater attention to gender consideration in developing public transport policies is required. While Queensland State Government has made a commitment to improving public transport provision for women, it appears that such rhetoric has not yet been translated into practice. The research also noted that the practicality and political implications of transport policy seem to obtain a higher priority in decision-making domains than gender considerations. Failure to examine both ends of the gender continuum in service delivery will make more difficult the development of public transport policy as a gender-sensitive social policy. Furthermore, public transport policy making should not be undertaken in isolation from other planning activities. Other considerations outside the traditional planning approach have to be examined, so planners will have a greater appreciation of, not only the needs of the conventional public transport users, but also of those not belonging to this category including different subgroups of women. Policy planning often overlooks the construction of women as an homogenous category, without considering that they are a heterogeneous group with tremendous differences in age, ethnicity, religion and class, thus requiring different considerations for policy intervention. Policy planning has been constructed as an exercise with a focus on a narrowly defined scope and immediate concerns, paying little attention to long-term impacts on a broader and holistic level. The consideration of gender in transport planning is a case in point – gender considerations are important in transport planning not only because there are significant differential impacts between men and women, but also because in the long run, these impacts in turn will have great economic and social implications. Economically, the lack of consideration of gender issues in public transport often results in increased travel time for women, leading to loss in productivity for the economy. Socially, difficulties and inaccessibility of public transport for women, particularly in relation to performing and balancing their care and work duties could also lead to increased stress and tensions, affecting family relations and wellbeing, would also incur considerable social costs. Policy planning tends to assume the position of policy makers and rarely considers the policy impacts from a user or benefactor perspective. In the case of public transport planning, how best an experiential perspective rigorously incorporate the users and gender point of view, will require not only consultation but also political will and commitment. A true incorporation of gender consideration into public transport planning will also require the support of other social policies including welfare policies. Hence, the thesis argues that new ways of researching, designing and planning for public transport as a gendered set of practices are required. Keywords public transport planning, gender-sensitive policy, gender equity, women and transport, feminism and transport planning, gender analysis, policy development, and feminist sociology. Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classifications (ANZSRC) 120506 - Transport Planning (40%); 160512 - Social Policy (20%); and 169901 - Gender Specific Studies (40%).

Abstract This thesis investigates the extent to which gender considerations are being incorporated into the planning and policy making of the public transport system in Queensland, Australia. Using public transport in South East Queensland (SEQ) as a case study, this thesis analyses why and how gender issues are still being overlooked and excluded from mainstream planning. It investigates the application of a gender analysis approach in theory and practice and provides recommendations for integrating a gender perspective in the development of public transport policy. The study is beneficial in terms of making contributions to promote better understanding of how feminist theory could enhance the development of public transport policy. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Participants were selected from different demographic groups (politicians, bureaucrats, academics, women’s subgroups and individuals from the broader community) using theoretical/purposive sampling methods. The collection and analysis of data were guided by feminist sociological theory as a framework and gender analysis was utilised in reviewing transport research, policies, programs, plans and legislation. The thesis findings showed that there are gender differentiated behaviours between men and women in relation to their transport needs. In particular, the manner in which men and women behave is linked to an array of underlying factors such as gender relations, the social role of women and their personal circumstances, household structure, transport-disadvantage issues, and their broader socio-economic environment. The research noted that gaps exist in the current public transport delivery in SEQ. Three main categories of issues were identified namely key gender issues, gender-obscured issues and gender-neutral issues. The key gender issues included personal safety and security, time-space pressured travel, lack of adequate facilities, driver’s knowledge, skills and attitudes, mobility-constraint issues and features of public transport that have gender impacts. The gender-obscured issues included language difficulty, cost and infrequency of service. The gender-neutral issues included but not limited to public transport design, unequal distribution of transport services and impacts specific to areas outside the TransLink network. The research highlights how the issues interlock with the social, economic, cultural, structural and political factors of the environment in which women and men live. The thesis concludes that there is a lack of effective engagement with women, and that greater attention to gender consideration in developing public transport policies is required. While Queensland State Government has made a commitment to improving public transport provision for women, it appears that such rhetoric has not yet been translated into practice. The research also noted that the practicality and political implications of transport policy seem to obtain a higher priority in decision-making domains than gender considerations. Failure to examine both ends of the gender continuum in service delivery will make more difficult the development of public transport policy as a gender-sensitive social policy. Furthermore, public transport policy making should not be undertaken in isolation from other planning activities. Other considerations outside the traditional planning approach have to be examined, so planners will have a greater appreciation of, not only the needs of the conventional public transport users, but also of those not belonging to this category including different subgroups of women. Policy planning often overlooks the construction of women as an homogenous category, without considering that they are a heterogeneous group with tremendous differences in age, ethnicity, religion and class, thus requiring different considerations for policy intervention. Policy planning has been constructed as an exercise with a focus on a narrowly defined scope and immediate concerns, paying little attention to long-term impacts on a broader and holistic level. The consideration of gender in transport planning is a case in point – gender considerations are important in transport planning not only because there are significant differential impacts between men and women, but also because in the long run, these impacts in turn will have great economic and social implications. Economically, the lack of consideration of gender issues in public transport often results in increased travel time for women, leading to loss in productivity for the economy. Socially, difficulties and inaccessibility of public transport for women, particularly in relation to performing and balancing their care and work duties could also lead to increased stress and tensions, affecting family relations and wellbeing, would also incur considerable social costs. Policy planning tends to assume the position of policy makers and rarely considers the policy impacts from a user or benefactor perspective. In the case of public transport planning, how best an experiential perspective rigorously incorporate the users and gender point of view, will require not only consultation but also political will and commitment. A true incorporation of gender consideration into public transport planning will also require the support of other social policies including welfare policies. Hence, the thesis argues that new ways of researching, designing and planning for public transport as a gendered set of practices are required. Keywords public transport planning, gender-sensitive policy, gender equity, women and transport, feminism and transport planning, gender analysis, policy development, and feminist sociology. Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classifications (ANZSRC) 120506 - Transport Planning (40%); 160512 - Social Policy (20%); and 169901 - Gender Specific Studies (40%).

Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-197).

Submitted by Patrícia Way (patriciaway1@gmail.com) on 2018-01-30T17:40:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final PatriciaWay v5, 28122017.pdf: 3340990 bytes, checksum: 66c01a3a92e9a58b0f57e7c22deaaaba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2018-01-31T17:54:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final PatriciaWay v5, 28122017.pdf: 3340990 bytes, checksum: 66c01a3a92e9a58b0f57e7c22deaaaba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-07T19:09:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final PatriciaWay v5, 28122017.pdf: 3340990 bytes, checksum: 66c01a3a92e9a58b0f57e7c22deaaaba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Purpose: The present study addresses the emergence of labor relations between men and women; their diferences, mishaps, trajectory and challenges faced to reach professional development in private and public organizations. Design/Methodology: It seeks to answer, through a comparative study of initiatives in Brazil and in Portugal, how to promote gender equity in a public organization. Findings: The approaches to these experiences will lead to initiatives to promote gender equity at Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), a public administration body in Brazil, to overcome the challenge of reducing historic-cultural inequality between men and women at work, and to leverage their professional development Research limitations: Gender Equity is a controversial subject often little addressed in organizations. Practical implications: It is necessary to know, to analyze, to revise concepts, to exchange information and experiences of best practices to improve knowledge, to discuss and to expand the involvement of people, workers, civil servants, and managers, for a path that provides development conditions for men and women professionally. Social implications: These proposals, if put into effect, can contribute to increase the degree of gender equality in a public organization in Brazil, which confirms Fiocruz as an innovative and an effective organization to tackle gender inequality and its resulting inequities. Originality: To our knowledge, this is the first study comparative study of initiatives in Brazil and in Portugal how to promote gender equity in a public organization. Keywords: gender equity, organizations, public administration, development opportunities for men and women. Paper category: Master’s thesis / Objetivo: O presente estudo aborda o nascedouro das relações laborais entre homens e mulheres; suas diferenças; percalços e trajetória de desafios de ascensão profissional nas organizações privadas e públicas Metodologia: Busca responder por meio de um estudo comporativo das iniciativas ocorridas no Brasil e em Portugal como promover a equidade de gênero em uma organização pública. Resultados: As abordagens dessas experiências conduzirão a possibilidade de realização de iniciativas para promoção da equidade de gênero na Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, órgão da Administração Pública no Brasil, em resposta ao desafio de reduzir a desigualdade histórica-cultural entre homens e mulheres no trabalho, e de alavancar o desenvolvimento de suas carreiras profissionais. Limitações: A Equidade de Gênero é um assunto polêmico, e, por isso, pouco abordado nas organizações. Contribuições práticas: É necessário conhecer, analisar, rever conceitos, trocar informações e experiências de boas práticas para aprimorar o conhecimento, a discussão, ampliar o envolvimento das pessoas, dos trabalhadores, servidores, gestores, em prol de um caminho que forneça condições e oportunidades de desenvolvimento para homens e mulheres profissionalmente. Contribuições sociais: Essas proposições, se efetivadas, podem contribuir para a elevação do grau de igualdade de gênero em uma organização da Adminsitração Pública no Brasil, ratificando a Fiocruz como uma organização inovadora e eficaz no combate a desigualdade de gênero e as iniquidades dela decorrentes. Originalidade: Pelo nosso conhecimento, essse é o primeiro estudo comparativo de iniciativas no Brasil e em Portugal, de como promover a equidade de gênero em uma organização pública. Palavras-chave: equidade de gênero, organizações, administração pública, oportunidades de desenvolvimento para homens e mulheres. Categoria do artigo: Dissertação de mestrado.

This study aimed to analyze the social representations of gender workers a public bank in Sergipe about the Pro-Gender Equity (PPEG). Created by the federal government in 2005, PPEG is one of the main actions of the II National Plan of Policies for Women of the Presidency, is to develop new concepts in the management of people and organizational culture to achieve gender equality in the workplace with emphasis on three pillars: a) Promotion of citizenship and combating discrimination in the work of women and men, b) Commitment of institutions (organizations) with gender equity (prioritizing people management and organizational culture of the institution); c) dissemination of best practice between organizations . The grant Seal Pro-Gender Equity organizations is the culmination of the process as a whole, a condition for obtaining the Seal the fulfillment of the Plan of Action agreed by the organization and the Secretariat of Policies for Women. To achieve the research objectives, we opted for the conceptual framework of labor sociology, gender studies and social representations theory. The main categories were analytical work, gender and social gender representation. Methodologically, this qualitative research was conducted from the perspective of organizational case study. Therefore, data were collected through semistructured interviews and document analysis. The participants were four workers bank, three women and one man. This choice was intentional, since these four, two were members of the Committee on PPEG Sergipe elected in 2010, then participated in the activities related to the Program. The results report that the increased number of women in positions of higher hierarchical level. After joining the program, the bank showed that gender indicators confirmed the nearly quantitative equivalence between women and men. Moreover, the number of women decreased as the hierarchy of the post increased. / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as representações sociais de gênero dos(as) trabalhadores(as) de um banco público em Sergipe acerca do Programa Pró-equidade de Gênero (PPEG). Criado pelo governo federal em 2005, o PPEG é uma das principais ações do II Plano Nacional de Políticas para as Mulheres da Presidência da República, consiste em desenvolver novas concepções na gestão de pessoas e cultura organizacional para alcançar a equidade de gênero no mundo do trabalho, com ênfase em três pilares: a) Promoção da cidadania e combate à discriminação no trabalho de mulheres e homens; b) Compromisso das Instituições (organizações) com a equidade de gênero (priorizando gestão de pessoas e a cultura organizacional da instituição); c) Difusão de práticas exemplares entre as organizações. Para o programa, a concessão do selo Pró-equidade de Gênero às organizações é o coroamento do processo como um todo, sendo condição para a obtenção do Selo o cumprimento do Plano de Ação pactuado pela organização e Secretaria de Políticas para as Mulheres. Para alcançar os objetivos da pesquisa, optou-se pelo quadro conceitual da sociologia do trabalho, dos estudos de gênero e da teoria das representações sociais. As principais categorias analíticas foram trabalho, gênero e representação sociais de gênero. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa de cunho qualitativo foi realizada na perspectiva do estudo de caso organizacional. Para tanto, os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise de documentos. Participaram da pesquisa quatro trabalhadores(as) do banco, sendo três mulheres e um homem. Essa escolha ocorreu de forma intencional, uma vez que desses quatro, dois eram membros da Comissão do PPEG em Sergipe eleita em 2010, portanto estiveram inseridos nas atividades relacionadas ao Programa. Os resultados informam que aumentou a quantidade de mulheres nos cargos de nível hierárquico superior. Após a adesão ao Programa, o banco apresentou indicadores de gênero que confirmaram a quase equivalência quantitativa entre mulheres e homens. Por outro lado, a quantidade de mulheres diminuiu à medida que a hierarquia do cargo aumentou. / São Cristóvão, SE

This study is a qualitative exploration of the gendered discourses of South African women in middle management. It explores the locations and perspectives from which middle management women speak, the institutions and traditions that inform their discourses and the challenges to dominant discourses on gender present in their talk. It is conducted from a social constructionist framework. The broader South African context is fraught with a contradiction between policy and practice. South Africa’s progressive constitution does not erode women’s tenuous and vulnerable position as is seen in the high incidence of violence against women, sexual harassment and women’s specific vulnerability to and rates of HIV infection. This contradiction is also evident in the labour market where South Africa echoes a global tendency of the continuation of gender stratification in the workplace. This is characterised by a tendency towards gender traditional occupations, a continuing wage gap, discontinued career paths for women, gender stratification of task division at work and unequal work division on the home front. This results in continued gender stratification of management and executive management positions. Women make up approximately 50% of the global, economically active population yet they have not been successful in entering the management world with the same proportion. Using social constructionism and a focus on discourse, this study examines the discursive construction of the gender stratification of the workplace. It starts by exploring how available literature on the topic constructs the problem as related to internal and individual matters, societal and social factors or organisational and institutional processes. It further explores the developments in the field of gender, discourse and organisations. Interview data from semi-structured interviews with women in middle management are analysed using discourse analysis. Different and contradicting discourses emerge from this analysis illustrating different discourses and associated identity positions available to women. The discourse analysis shows how different and contradicting discourses support the status quo by structuring certain subject positions into desirable explications of femininity but also how these contradictions allow space for resistance. The study argues that establishing a feminine identity remains vital to participants and that this requires ‘identity footwork’ within complex and contradictory discursive positions. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Psychology / unrestricted

The literature review shows that gender inequality in computer use exists today. The inequality begins at birth with society giving boys and girl's roles that they have to play. One possible solution to gender inequality in computer use is to put a gender equity program in place at public schools. Such a program would have to be woven into teaching practices and school activities to strengthen girls' confidence and their ability to achieve in computers.