World War II women are commonly understood to have come closer to equality than any previous generation. Their mass entry into the workforce is remembered as a united front to support the troops while simultaneously claiming ground to demonstrate their abilities as workers. However, scholarship which emphasizes the collaboration between the government and advertisers to create propaganda that persuaded women to enter the workforce and thus serve as the "domestic front" of the war begins to question the prevailing notion of wartime employment as strides towards equality. This project begins with the question: why did post-war women seemingly willingly abandon these jobs and move to the suburbs? I argue the construct of the post-war housewife, which positions women as willing to abandon careers for the suburban kitchen, is a social imaginary which responds to and uses social anxieties to constrain women’s gender performance and silence gender anxieties. I use the context of the time, as well as rhetorical analysis of mediated artifacts of representations of housewife, to argue this social imaginary silences women’s post-war lived experience and replaces it in public discourse with the multimodal image of Fifties housewife. A visual rhetorical analysis of post-war advertisements which portray the housewife reveals the work of the social imaginary using social anxieties concerning gender roles as well as Cold War fears to define woman’s place. Examining the way Hollywood uses housewife as a frame for its female stars uncovers how circulated use of the imaginary of housewife perpetuates the imaginary by seeming to evidence its claims to representation. However, an analysis of televised representations of the housewife imaginary reveals the fabric of the imaginary fraying. Television humor illuminates the illusion of the imaginary of housewife’s claims to representativeness, and therefore creates a public space in which women can contest the imaginary by exposing women’s discontent with the role of housewife. I conclude with a discussion of the ways this social imaginary of housewife continues to define women’s lives in political debate seventy years after it began to define and constrain post-war women’s gender performance.

This thesis utilized the field hermeneutics within the study of gender roles of  women within religion.  It argues the relevance of interpretation that have lead to the patriarchal structures within culture and society.  In effort to restructure their place in society, women are redefining gender roles through a combination of hermeneutics and Feminism.  They are looking at commonly misinterpreted verses that have lead to their subordination to male culture, while also bringing attention to texts and stories within the Bible and the Quran  that have long been neglected to show the equality that lies within their religions.

This thesis reexamines the purpose of fairy tales throughout history and explores the effectiveness of a modern alternative to classical methods of telling these stories. To increase interactivity as well as the agency of the female protagonist and players themselves, this thesis reimagines the popular classic, Cinderella, as a visual novel.

Battered women's perceptions of gender roles within the family were studied. Twenty white, working-class women who were victims of domestic violence were interviewed. It was determined that battered women have very traditional views of gender roles in the family and these views affected the choices that they made within their relationships and their ability to escape these abusive relationships.

This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Gender Role Conflict upon college men's scores of psychological well-being, substance usage, and attitudes toward psychological help-seeking. It was found that the Success, Power, and Competition variable of Gender Role Conflict was the one variable that was consistently related to the measures of interest. Moreover, it was found to be significantly related to a decrease in psychological well-being, including Trait Anger, Angry Reaction subtype of trait anger, Angry Temperament subtype of trait anger, and Trait Anxiety. It was also found that this same variable was significantly related to increased reports of alcohol usage. Where as four of the possible five Gender Role Conflict variables were related to a negative attitude toward help-seeking, the Success, Power, and Competition variable was most heavily weighted.

Studien syftade till att explorativt undersöka mäns erfarenheter av att vara föräldraledig samt till att få en ökad förståelse kring deras upplevelser av föräldraledigheten. Tio män som hade varit föräldralediga minst nittio dagar deltog i studien. Intervjuer användes för datainsamling tillsammans med en intervjuguide. En tematisk analys användes för att analysera datamaterialet. Ur analysen skapades tre teman som beskriver mäns upplevelser av att vara föräldraledig. Temana var: Att kliva in i en värld tillsammans med barnet, Förståelsen för partnern samt Traditionella könsroller. Ur berättelserna framkom bland annat att det krävs viss anpassning att hitta sin nya roll i en situation som tidigare tillhört kvinnans domän och att det kan vara svårt att bryta sig in. Respondenterna beskrev hur dem utvecklat en närmare relation till barnen tack vare föräldraledigheten. Vidare belyste respondenterna att gamla könsroller till viss del är framträdande och att inställningen till mäns föräldraledighet inte alltid överensstämmer med dagens diskussioner om ökad jämställdhet. / The study aimed at explorative describe men`s experiences of parental leave and to get a greater understanding of their experiences of parental leave. Ten men who had been on parental leave for at least ninety days participated in the study. Interviews where used in collecting data along with an interview guide. A thematic analysis was used to analyze data. From the analysis three themes that narrate men`s perceptions of parental leave were created. The themes where: To step into a world with the child, Understanding of the partner and Traditional gender roles. The stories revealed among other things that it takes some adjustment to find their new role in a situation that previously belonged to the woman`s domain and that it can be difficult to enter. The respondents described how they developed a closer relationship with the children thanks to parental leave. Futhermore the respondents highlighted that old gender roles to some extent is prominent and that the attitude towards men´s parental leave is not always consistent with today´s discussions about greater equality.

This correlational study investigates traditional gender roles, self-efficacy for career and parenting, and socioeconomic status (SES), as they relate to university undergraduates’ planning for career and family and anticipation of work-family conflict regarding their future families. Unmarried, undergraduate women and men of varying socioeconomic status will complete an online survey consisting of several scales. Proposed results predict that women must often choose between career goals and family care, whereas men usually do not. Expectedly, women will show higher self-efficacy for parenting and increased anticipation of work-family conflict and planning for career and family compared to men. It is proposed that men will exhibit greater self-efficacy for career. Women of lower SES and women who aspire to obtain leadership positions at work will likely report higher anticipated work-family conflict. Those of lower SES will likely hold more traditional gender beliefs than the middle and upper SES groups, and men whose fathers helped in the home will likely have higher self-efficacy for their own parenting. The anticipated results indicate a discrepancy between men’s and women’s and those of differing SES’s planning for work and family. Women will tend to undertake an increased burden; however, a switch to more family-friendly workplace policies for men and women would likely help couples become more egalitarian in their division of family and career labor and planning.

The purpose of this study is to find out from a didactic perspective, how traditional gender roles emerge in the classroom and the conceptions of traditional gender roles. This is explored from a student’s perspective. The theoretical frame of this study is gender system, which consists of the principles of separation and hierarchy. The survey is conducted in two classes in third grade. This study answers following questions: How do traditional gender roles appear in the classroom from a student´s perspective? Which conception exist about traditional gender roles from a student's perspective? The study is based on observations and interviews, which is analysed of the gender system theory and the theoretical concept traditional gender roles. The results of this study show that the students' behavior in the classroom and their thinking are mostly based on the traditional gender roles, which is characterized mostly by the principles of separation and hierarchy.  However, some situations and statements show a change, in which the principles of separation and hierarchy are questioned. The individual situations reflect that the transfer of the gender contract is minimized from one generation to another.

Rollkongruensteorin innebär att kvinnor har svårare än män att nå ledarroller och kvinnliga ledares beteende bedöms mindre fördelaktigt än manliga ledares på grund av att ledarroller anses passa stereotypiskt manliga egenskaper bättre än stereotypiskt kvinnliga egenskaper. Studien undersökte om män och kvinnor uppskattade en chef och dennes meddelande med hård ton bättre eller sämre beroende på chefens kön och yrke som militär- eller förskolechef. Fyrtionio män och fyrtiofem kvinnor besvarade en av fyra versioner av enkäter innehållande frågor och påståenden med svarsalternativ. Variansanalyser visade att kvinnor tyckte att militärchefer hade bättre yrkeslämplighet och bättre ledaregenskaper än förskolechefer. Både kvinnor och män ansåg att ledaregenskaperna hos en manlig chef var bättre än hos en kvinnlig chef. Chefen ansågs ha mer relationsinriktade egenskaper om denne var militär eller man. Vidare ansåg kvinnor att kvinnliga chefer var yrkeslämpliga i större utsträckning än vad män ansåg. Resultatet både stöder och motsätter sig rollkongruensteorin.

This essay discusses how women in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby (1925) are portrayed in different ways. During this time between the world wars, progressive women walked the streets of New York. These ‘New Women’ wore short dresses, cut their hair, smoked and drank in public, and showed interest in politics and education. The New Woman is portrayed in different versions in the female characters Daisy Buchanan, Jordan Baker and Myrtle Wilson. These characters are also representations of the patriarchal idea of women as ‘good girls’ and ‘bad girls’, depending on how well they adapt to and fit into the traditional gender roles. Through a discussion of how Daisy, Jordan and Myrtle are portrayed as ‘good’ and ‘bad’, the essay shows how the ‘bad girls’ in the novel are punished by patriarchy by being described unfavorably by the narrator or by suffering socially in a society with patriarchal values. / Den här uppsatsen diskuterar hur kvinnorna i F. Scott Fitzgeralds verk Den store Gatsby (1925) skildras på olika sätt. USA började förändras under mellankrigstiden, bland annat började en kvinnorörelse som resulterade i en ”ny typ av kvinna”. Kvinnorna började bära korta klänningar, klippte håret, drack och rökte offentligt samt intresserade sig för utbildning och politik. Den här nya kvinnan skildras på olika vis i de kvinnliga huvudkaraktärerna Daisy Buchanan, Jordan Baker och Myrtle Wilson. Men dessa karaktärer fungerar även som representationer av den patriarkala idén om att kvinnor är uppdelade i två kategorier: ’duktig flicka’ och ’dålig flicka’ beroende på hur väl de följer de traditionella könsrollerna. Genom att diskutera hur Daisy, Jordan och Myrtle är porträtterade som ’duktiga’ och ’dåliga’ visar uppsatsen hur de ’dåliga’ blir bestraffade av patriarkatet genom att bli ofördelaktigt beskrivna av berättaren eller bestraffade socialt i ett samhälle som genomsyras av patriarkala värderingar.