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Development and assessment of medicines information for antiretroviral therapy in Sub-Saharan AfricaMwingira, Betty January 2005 (has links)
No description available.
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A comparative analysis of quality of life and stigma experienced by people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in a home-based care project in Malema an Ribaue districts, MozambiqueMassicotte, Alexandre Claude Raynald January 2011 (has links)
Stigma is broadly considered as an important obstacle in HIV prevention and
treatment. In Mozambique, more PLWHIV have access to treatment than ever.
ART increased their QoL and created a new context for stigma production.
This cross-sectional study conducted in Northern Mozambique explored a
possible association between stigma and QoL. The Berger Stigma Scale and
WHOQOL-BREF were used to measure levels of HIV-related stigma and
perceived QoL in two groups of PLWHIV receiving ARV, with participation in a
HBC programme as the independent variable.
The study uncovered a weak to moderate negative correlation between stigma
and QoL scores. Statistically significant differences were discovered between the
groups’ scores on the Berger Stigma Scale and a higher perceived QoL for
PLWHIV in the HBC group on three WHOQOL-BREF subscales and on the
overall score. The scores on the social relationships subscale indicated lower
perceived QoL for PLWHIV in the HBC group. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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Social support for male prisoners who are living with HIV at Pretoria Central PrisonMamosadi, Tseke January 2010 (has links)
A qualitative study aimed at exploring the nature and extent of the perceived social support available to male prisoners living with HIV at Pretoria Central Prison was conducted. A literature investigation into the life and world of male prisoners, with a focus on the nature and extent of the perceived social support provided to prisoners living with HIV, is presented. Fifteen (15) prisoners were identified by means of non-probability purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect information on how male prisoners living with HIV at Pretoria Central Prison viewed the nature and extent of the social support available to them. The study shows that the research participants living with HIV tended to receive social support from practitioners and other prisoners trained as voluntary caregivers. The study recommends that prisoners living with HIV should have greater access to social support from their significant others. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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Factors contributing to mortality among HIV infected people on Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in BotswanaBengtsson, Mavis Neo 19 March 2014 (has links)
The purpose of the study was to describe factors contributing to mortality among HIVinfected
people on Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) in Botswana. A quantitative,
explorative, descriptive study was used and 80 records of deceased IPT respondents
were reviewed through the use of a checklist.
The demographic factors, baseline physical examination, hospitalisation and drug
history were taken into consideration. Out of the deceased patients, 75% were female.
The major findings showed that 100% (N=80), the most highly indicated causes of death
were gastroenteritis (18.75%), cryptococcal meningitis (17.5%) andpneumonia
(16.25%). Of the patients (28.75%) who died before completing the six months of IPT.
The causes of death were gastroenteritis (21.7%), symptoms and signs of bacterial
pneumonia (17.4%), cryptococcal meningitis (13%), Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB)
(13%), septicaemia (13%), and murder (13%). It has been recommended that there
should be reorganisation of services of care for HIV-infected persons, such as provision
of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Therapy (CPT) and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) to ensure
holistic approach care. The future study should include HIV-infected children on IPT
using the same or modified objectives. The conclusion drawn was that disintegrated
interventions of IPT, CPT and ART and lack of holistic care for PLHIV lead to
opportunistic infections that caused mortality on patients on IPT. / Department of Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)
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A model for revitalising caregiver social support competencies : the value of support group participation on behavioural outcomes of people living with HIV in NigeriaTumwikirize, Simpson 07 1900 (has links)
Text in English / The discovery that anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is important for human
immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV) prevention has increased interest in factors that influence adherence to HIV treatment. Studies have shown that non-adherence to ART results in drug resistance, morbidity and person-to-person HIV transmission. For
persons defaulting on or living risky sexual lives, becoming adherent is a life-saving
behavioural change, both for themselves and for their sexual partners. HIV/AIDS programmes are trying different innovations to enhance behavioural outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study sought to determine the value of support group participation and based on the findings, to develop an evidence-based model for
revitalising caregiver social support competencies.
The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a cross-sectional descriptive design was used to compare PLHIV who participate in support group activities with those who do not, in terms of their behavioural outcomes. Multistage probability sampling was used to select study respondents. Data was collected using a selfadministered questionnaire from 1,676 respondents between February and May 2014.
Data was analysed using STATA.
Data analysis shows that 47% of respondents had once (ever) participated in support group activities while 53% had never. PLHIV who participated in support group activities differed from those who did not in terms of HIV-related stigma (p=<0.001), positive HIV
status disclosure (p=0.005), ART adherence (p=0.021), and sexual risk behaviours (p=0.045). PLHIV who participated in support group activities were more likely to have less internal HIV-related stigma, disclose their positive HIV status, adhere to ART and live less risky sexual lives. The two study groups were not different in terms of perceived social support (p=0.28) and external stigma (p=0.250). More PLHIV obtained social support from health workers (66%) and family members (36%) than from PLHIV support groups (16%).
The researcher concludes that participating in support group activities positively impacts on behavioural outcomes of PLHIV, but PLHIV support groups are not the only sources
of social support. In the second phase, a model for revitalising PLHIV caregiver social support competencies was developed as a recommendation for assuring PLHIV access to holistic care and support. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Intercultural communication in three Eastern Cape HIV/AIDS clinicsMandla, Veliswa Maureen January 2009 (has links)
There are many inequities that exist in health-care that stem from culture related communication misunderstandings. In most cases where doctors and patients from different cultural and linguistic background interact, doctors use medical language which is different from everyday language used by patients. Patients enter this communication context with anxiety because they depend on the physicians to give them accurate information concerning their health, but they do not always understand all the terms used by physicians to inform them about their conditions. In some cases interpreters are used but their expertise is often inadequate and the interpreting of the patient’s statements to the health staff is also prone to distortion by interpreter / doctor because of the lack of proper understanding of the messages / languages. This may result in a deterioration of the patient’s health condition and unavoidable complications.
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Workplace HIV and AIDS-related discrimination : unravelling the phenomenon’s persistenceMukasa, Joel Wilberforce Senankya 06 1900 (has links)
Despite HIV and AIDS knowledge and attitude change programmes, workplace HIV and
AIDS-related discrimination persists in workplaces in many sectors, including the
education sector. This study set out to investigate why the phenomenon of workplace
HIV and AIDS-related discrimination persists; and to predict which factors were
responsible and how they related to HIV and AIDS-related discrimination in the
workplace. A stratified random sample of 205 teachers; 123 of whom were from 10
schools of varied backgrounds in Bojanala Region of North West Province of South
Africa and 82 from schools around Kampala, Central Region of Uganda was drawn.
Twenty-seven respondents of the South African sample participated in both the
quantitative survey and in-depth interview while the rest responded to a selfadministered
questionnaire. Using a stepwise regression analysis, traditional beliefs
predicted workplace HIV and AIDS-related discrimination, explained11% of variance in
the second model while the third model explained only 2% more – 13% (R square of
0.136) but each of the three models was significant (p-values of 0.000). Attitudes were
the second strongest predictor; and only HIV and AIDS-legal knowledge could predict
discrimination but not biomedical HIV and AIDS knowledge. In the in-depth interview,
incidents of discrimination were reported, possible reasons for HIV and AIDS-related
discrimination were reported; and it was found that workers varied in ways of keeping
secrets regarding sensitive information such as colleagues’ HIV-positive status, and
cited reasons for revealing such information which included malice, jealousy, moral
responsibility, anger and loose talks. There are implications for reducing workplace HIV
and AIDS-related discrimination which include: Integrating HIV and AIDS-legal
knowledge with biomedical HIV and AIDS knowledge, more efforts should be spent in
designing and imparting information to reduce traditional beliefs, develop and evaluate
instruments to measure traditional beliefs and HIV and AIDS-legal knowledge; and to
study more about secret keeping, particularly in regard to workplace HIV and AIDSrelated
discrimination. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Admin. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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A qualitative analysis of the communication process between HIV-positive patients and medical staff : a study at Stanger Regional Hospital's antiretroviral therapy clinicMoola, Sabihah 07 1900 (has links)
Health communication is a vital part of health care and treatment. For patients living with HIV, effective health communication is crucial. This study aimed at describing health communication from the perspective of HIV-positive patients by uncovering their experiences as they interacted with various medical staff members at Stanger Hospital. Guided by a review of various health communication models, data were collected via individual interviews and non-participant observation. The findings showed that interactive communication was favoured by all the respondents, especially communication that was patient-centred. Such communication encompassed education on how to live and cope with HIV. Obstacles to effective communication such as power differentials, lack of time and privacy at public health care clinics were identified. The study found that the different medical staff members at the clinic to various degrees addressed distinctive communication needs of HIV-positive patients. This study contributed to effectively understating the communication process as a whole. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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The role of community-based organisations in response to the HIV/AIDS in Botswana : the case of Gabane Community Home Based Care OrganisationChibamba, Fortune Michelo 06 1900 (has links)
This study examines the role of Community Based-Organisations (CBOs) in the response to HIV/AIDS as a development challenge drawing examples from the Gabane Community Home-Based Care CBO in Botswana. The study adopted qualitative methods of research and used group discussions, relative unstructured interviews, direct observation and literature review as methods of data collection. The study found out that HIV/AIDS is indeed a development problem and that it can be dealt with using some existing development approaches such as the sustainable livelihoods approaches. The study further identified specific roles that CBOs play in the response to HIV/AIDS. It also revealed the potential that CBOs have in achieving development. In addition, the study identified and outlined challenges that CBOs face in responding to HIV/AIDS. Key recommendations are that CBOs must integrate poverty reduction interventions in their activities. They must also form coalitions and strengthen their capacity to sustain their activities and manage partnerships. / Development Studies
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An explorationary study of the types of psychosocial services provided to educators living with HIV at selected primary schools in Limpopo ProvinceThindisa, Johanna Ntlwaneng 09 1900 (has links)
Educators play an essential role within the education system as role models. Many
educators, in addition to being affected by learners living with HIV and AIDS, are
themselves living with HIV and struggle to cope. SMTs have to play a role in the
provision of psychosocial services. The purpose of this study was to explore the types
of psychosocial services provided to ELWHIV by their SMTs in order to gain insight and
understanding and to make suggestions on how psychosocial services can be
improved. A qualitative study was undertaken in 2008. Fifteen interviews were
conducted with ELWHIV and members of SMTs at four primary schools in Bela-Bela,
Limpopo Province. The findings reveal that SMTs are failing to implement government
policies and are not providing adequate support for ELWHIV. None of the participating
schools had a functional AIDS policy. Support structures were found to be inadequate
and ineffective. Disclosure was identified as one of the major obstacles to the provision
of effective services. / Sociology / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)
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