The diploma thesis deals with media freedom in the Visegrád Group countries (Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary) from the perspective of professional journalists. It aims to map how journalists in these four countries perceive freedom in relation to their profession - how they understand the concept of freedom of expression, what threatens freedom of expression or freedom of the media according to them, how free they feel in their profession and what is the trend regarding media freedom in the coming years in their opinion. The theoretical part thoroughly captures the historical development of freedom of expression, its legal protection in constitutional documents and international conventions, the limits of freedom of expression as well as forms of its restriction. It also introduces the most important non-governmental non- profit organizations monitoring media freedom in the world and presents the media environment in each country. The theoretical part also pursues the perception and approach of professional journalists to freedom of expression, media freedom and other journalistic concepts and values. The analytical part then follows a journalistic professional discourse in the form of a qualitative analysis based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with active journalists from the Visegrád...

In its evaluation of the main political and cultural-social tendencies of the Czechoslovak-Hungarian interwar relations, this dissertation aims to introduce a new approach to investigating the forms, shapes and perspectives of relations that in the crucial period between 1925 and 1932 reflected a sphere that was far more significant than the political and economic spheres (these only reflected the current interests of individual policies). This sphere, bringing an entirely new perspective on research of Czechoslovak-Hungarian relations, was the internal level of the Czechoslovak-Hungarian relationship - the relationship between Czechoslovak society and its internal policy regarding activities of the Hungarian minority. In this period, there was a diametric difference between these activities and official Hungarian policy. This dissertation attempts to point out that which has until now been ignored: in terms of internal organization and foreign policy goals, the two states were distinctly incompatible (during the whole period between 1918 and 1939), whereas the internal Czechoslovak-Hungarian relations (the evolving relationship between the majority and minority) indicated that there existed areas and population groups that could have allowed for gradual cultural and social convergence occurring...

The main aim of this work is to analyze the development of the foundations sector in three countries, in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Bavaria. From methodological point of wiew it is conceived as a comparative study. The main goal is the analysis of the development of foundations in these countries, especially after the year 1989 which meant a possibility to reestablish the foundations as a full-fledged institutions of civic society. Main theoretical basis of the work is the assumption, that the interruption of natural development of foundations in the Czech Republic and Hungary after the year 1948 had significant effects on their restoration and function after the year 1989. The work aims to analyze different approaches to restoration of foundations in the Czech Republic and Hungary and to compare their different initial conditions with the conditions in Bavaria, where the development of foundations in democratic environment with the exception of the era of Nazi Germany wasn't broken. Keywords: Foundation, development, comparison, Czech Republic, Hungary, Bavaria, communism, funding, legislation, public benefit

The Convent of Dominicans on the Hare Island in Budapest. The topic of the master thesis is the architectural analysis of the Nunnery of Dominicans on the Hare Island in Budapest, which was established with Bela the IV. to his daughter Margaret - later Saint Margeret of Hungary. The Nunnery was originated around the middle of the 13th century (the most probably between 1246-1252). And is presented as an example of the archtitecture of Nunnery of the Orders of Dominicans in Europe. This master thesis presents the history of this Nunnery and also the origin of the guild of the nunnery. The guild was working all around Buda for the king of Hungary - Béla IV. Some of the Hungarian Art Historians think, that the guild originally came to Hungary after they finished their works on the Nunnery of the Cistercianer Order in Porta Coeli in Tišnov near Brno. The person of Saint Margaret of Hungary and her Cult in Hungary and Europe is also discussed in this master thesis.

Europe of the early 19th century is searching for its new artistic persona. Several new and distinct directions come into being, all vying for a spot on the landscape of arts and for the leading position. This desire to search for new directions deepens Europe's interest in the Orient. Meeting of the West with the East goes all the way back to early Middle Ages and manifests through several phases all the way to the present day. Fascination by the Orient in the 19th century was connected mainly to Napoleon's Egypt campaign, Greek uprising against the Turks, France's conquest of Northern Africa, World Exhibition in London and excursions into exotic lands themselves undertaken by contemporary enthusiasts. The wave of orientalism permeated all levels of fine art. It is most often seen in painting, graphic arts and photography and seen the least in sculpture. The thesis follows the orientalism phenomenon from the end of 18th century to the First World War. The goal is to provide some insight into its influence on areas of the fine arts in central Europe and provide background for future research in doing so. Key focus of the thesis is the research of exotic tendencies in architecture in the Kingdom of Bohemia and presenting it in the context of oriental architecture of other countries under the...

The purpose of this case study is to use Ian Manner’s normative power theory and Adrian Hyde-Price’s neo-realism theory, in order to explain the Visegrad countries’ resistance against the EU relocation. There is great tension within the EU on how to handle the migration and refugee crisis. The efforts to establish EU relocation plan were extremely controversial since the European Commission adopted legislation directly related to territorial integrity and state sovereignty through qualified majority. The main opponents of the relocation scheme are the Visegrad group (Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia). This paper concluded that Ian Manner’s theory on Normative Power Europe is limited in explaining the Member States resistance, rather Adrian Hyde-Price’s theory on neorealism is more accurate in explaining the resistance.

Ever since its inception, the EU’s main goal has always been to spread its values of democracy and freedom. The EU’s success in spreading these values has been great until recently when some of the member states have gone through an autocratization. The clearest case of this is Hungary, which can no longer be seen as a democracy, due to its autocratization. Seeing as the EU has certain demands in democracy for countries that want to join the EU, it is strange that they let Hungary continue to be a part of the EU.  This paper will examine what the EU has done to hinder Hungary’s autocratization through its normative power. The results show that the EU has penalised Hungary in terms of sanctions and an article-7 procedure. Though, the EU is far away from throwing Hungary out of the EU, mostly because it is near impossible for the EU to exclude Hungary from the EU. The only way that Hungary can leave the EU is by their own choice.

This thesis analyses the theme of power and ideology in the fiction of the Hungarian writer Tibor Déry. Through the techniques of textual interpretation and the New Historicism, it explores issues of class struggle, the conflict of ideologies in the twentieth century as well as aspects of the application of power and violence against individuals in Déry's novels at the thematic and motivational level of the plot. The author has been inspired by the ideas of Michel Foucault, Elias Canetti and Hannah Arendt in his analysis of the writer's texts. The interpretive part of the thesis traces the compositional and plot elements of Déry's novels The Unfinished Sentence and The Answer in particular, considering also other novels and novelistic texts. Keywords: Tibor Déry, power, ideology, Hungary, novel, communism, nationalism, twentieth century, violence

In den dreißiger Jahren verschärfte sich die Lage durch das Vorrücken der nationalistischen Rechten sowohl in Ungarn als auch in Rumänien. 1934 wurde auch Bartóks Konzerttätigkeit eingeschränkt und er selbst zum Ziel unwürdiger politischer Angriffe. Die Korrespondenz Bartók - Brăiloiu muss in diesem historischen Kontext, den sie auch reichlich widerspiegelt, gedeutet werden.

Human osteological and dental remains are important for reconstruction of health and disease patterns in the past, preserving information in the form of abnormal changes on bones and teeth. These changes can reflect the spread of numerous diseases and the consequences they had on the health of various historical populations and groups. Systematic investigation performed within the present thesis explored pathologies in skeletal collections from six archaeological sites from across Slovakia and Hungary, dating to the 1st and 5th centuries AP. The total sample consisted of 300 individuals that were divided among three populations: the Germanic (GS), the Roman (RS) and the Sarmatian series (SS). Pathologies were assessed macroscopically and discussed on population and individual levels. Overall, sex, age and lesion distribution frequencies were used to determine a disease pattern characteristic for a corresponding group and then compared between the series. Conditions identified during the analysis were arranged into nine main categories. The analysis revealed that the health status of GS, RS and SS was generally good, though adults from GS and RS had experienced poorer dental health. The most common lesions observed in all series, particularly in GS, were due to degenerative and dental diseases,...