This study presents the complete design of a photovoltaic system in commercial buildings. PV installation for Multiarena was primary used for internal consumption, rest of production will be sent according intentions in grid. Project presents theoretical demand calculations for building consumptions. According to the theoretical calculations numerical study has been provided by software Indoor Climate and Energy program. Detailed electric optimization strategy can be founded in project description, as well as the sizing of the photovoltaic installation and economic and financial issues related to it. Study presents several models for photovoltaic system and their economic analysis. Environmental issues can be founded at the end of the study.

O trabalho apresenta uma análise térmica e energética de uma edificação localizada na zona bioclimática 1, que compreende as cidades mais frias do Brasil. A análise foi desenvolvida com o auxílio do programa de simulação dinâmica de edificações EnergyPlus em que foi determinado o consumo anual de energia elétrica de toda a edificação existente, bem como o consumo do sistema HVAC (Aquecimento, Ventilação e Ar Condicionado) do tipo split com ciclo reverso. O sistema HVAC existente representa 42% do consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação sendo que o aquecimento totaliza 89% do consumo do sistema HVAC. A avaliação do conforto térmico dos ambientes climatizados da edificação foi realizada tendo como referência as zonas de conforto de inverno e de verão definidas pela ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. Os ambientes apresentaram um percentual de 7,6 % a 33% das horas de operação do sistema HVAC fora da zona de conforto térmico de inverno da ASHRAE, considerando somente a temperatura operativa. A partir dos resultados da simulação da edificação existente foram propostas modificações na envoltória e o uso de um sistema de ar condicionado com tecnologia VRF (fluxo de refrigerante variável) a fim de reduzir o consumo de energia pelo HVAC e o número de horas desconfortáveis. A utilização de vidros duplos de maior transmissividade, superfícies com cores de maior absortividade solar, lã de vidro nas paredes externas e internas duplas e placas de EPS (Poliestireno Expandido) no piso da edificação, apresentaram ótimos resultados, reduzindo o consumo total de energia elétrica em 18,2% e o consumo do sistema HVAC passou a representar apenas 29,6% do total de energia da edificação. Após o aprimoramento da edificação foram selecionadas, a partir de catálogos de fabricantes, as máquinas com tecnologia VRF que atendessem a máxima carga térmica entre os dias de projeto ou arquivo climático sob determinadas condições. Os resultados obtidos com o sistema VRF apresentaram uma redução de 32,8% sobre o consumo de energia do sistema de HVAC e de 9,3 % sobre o consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação quando comparado com um ar condicionado tradicional do tipo split. Com a melhoria na envoltória e o uso da tecnologia VRF para climatização o percentual de horas fora das zonas de conforto da ASHRAE foram menores que os 4% estabelecido pela norma, quando considerado a temperatura operativa. O sistema VRF foi simulado adaptando o módulo de simulação de serpentinas de expansão direta com compressores de velocidade variável, do EnergyPlus, para quatro faixas de capacidades distintas do compressor (60%, 80%, 100% e 120%) e para cada faixa foram inseridas as correlações de desempenho da capacidade e potência elétrica de aquecimento e refrigeração para diferentes condições de operação. Nas simulações foram considerados a perda de desempenho e o consumo elétrico para a operação de degelo com ciclo reverso para temperaturas externas inferiores a 7º C. As simulações com o sistema VRF acoplado a edificação comprovam a capacidade de economizar energia elétrica, além de apresentar o menor custo especifico da energia para aquecimento em relação aos sistemas radiantes. / This dissertation presents the thermal and energetic analysis of a building located in the bioclimatic zone 01, which comprises the coldness regions of Brazil. The analysis was developed using the software for dynamic simulation of buildings called EnergyPlus, where was determined the annual consumption of electricity throughout the existing building as well as the consumption with lighting, electrical equipments and the HVAC system. The existing HVAC system represents 42% of total consumption and the heating corresponds to 89% of the total energy consumption of the HVAC system. The evaluation of thermal comfort zones of building were conducted with reference to the comfort zones of winter and summer from the ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. The thermal zones presented a percentage in the range of 7.6% to 33% of occupation hours outside the boundaries of ASHRAE thermal comfort zone (winter) evaluating the operating temperature. Based on simulation results of the existing building, changes were proposed in the envelope and in the use of a heat pump air conditioning system with VRF technology (variable refrigerant flow) to reduce the energy consumption of the HVAC and the number of hours outside the comfort zone. The use of double layers glasses with high transmissivity and surfaces colored with high solar absorption, wool glass in the external and double internal walls and EPS sheets on the building floor, presented excellent results. The modification of the envelope decreased 18.2 % in the total consumption of electricity and the HVAC system represents only 29.6% of the total energy of the building. After the building improvement was selected from catalogs of manufacturers, machines with VRF technology that could meet the maximum heat load between design days or weather file. The results obtained with the VRF system showed a 32.8% reduction on energy consumption of HVAC system and 9.3% about the total consumption of electricity of the building compared to a traditional heat pump air conditioning system with single speed compressor. With the improvement in the envelope and the use of VRF system the percentage of hours outside the ASHRAE comfort zones were lower than the 4% target set by the standard. The VRF system was modeled from model: Multi-Speed Electric DX Air Coil, of the EnergyPlus, for four different capacities of the compressor (60, 80, 100 and 120%) and for each capacity range were included the performance correlation of heating and cooling capacity, the correlations of electrical power heating and cooling for different condition of operate and correlation of the fraction of part load operation for each machine selected. As the study was conducted to the cooler regions of Brazil, defrost was considered in the simulation with reverse cycle for operating temperatures below 7°C. The heating energy with heat pump VRF presents lower specific cost compared to radiant systems like radiant floor and radiators.

O trabalho apresenta uma análise térmica e energética de uma edificação localizada na zona bioclimática 1, que compreende as cidades mais frias do Brasil. A análise foi desenvolvida com o auxílio do programa de simulação dinâmica de edificações EnergyPlus em que foi determinado o consumo anual de energia elétrica de toda a edificação existente, bem como o consumo do sistema HVAC (Aquecimento, Ventilação e Ar Condicionado) do tipo split com ciclo reverso. O sistema HVAC existente representa 42% do consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação sendo que o aquecimento totaliza 89% do consumo do sistema HVAC. A avaliação do conforto térmico dos ambientes climatizados da edificação foi realizada tendo como referência as zonas de conforto de inverno e de verão definidas pela ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. Os ambientes apresentaram um percentual de 7,6 % a 33% das horas de operação do sistema HVAC fora da zona de conforto térmico de inverno da ASHRAE, considerando somente a temperatura operativa. A partir dos resultados da simulação da edificação existente foram propostas modificações na envoltória e o uso de um sistema de ar condicionado com tecnologia VRF (fluxo de refrigerante variável) a fim de reduzir o consumo de energia pelo HVAC e o número de horas desconfortáveis. A utilização de vidros duplos de maior transmissividade, superfícies com cores de maior absortividade solar, lã de vidro nas paredes externas e internas duplas e placas de EPS (Poliestireno Expandido) no piso da edificação, apresentaram ótimos resultados, reduzindo o consumo total de energia elétrica em 18,2% e o consumo do sistema HVAC passou a representar apenas 29,6% do total de energia da edificação. Após o aprimoramento da edificação foram selecionadas, a partir de catálogos de fabricantes, as máquinas com tecnologia VRF que atendessem a máxima carga térmica entre os dias de projeto ou arquivo climático sob determinadas condições. Os resultados obtidos com o sistema VRF apresentaram uma redução de 32,8% sobre o consumo de energia do sistema de HVAC e de 9,3 % sobre o consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação quando comparado com um ar condicionado tradicional do tipo split. Com a melhoria na envoltória e o uso da tecnologia VRF para climatização o percentual de horas fora das zonas de conforto da ASHRAE foram menores que os 4% estabelecido pela norma, quando considerado a temperatura operativa. O sistema VRF foi simulado adaptando o módulo de simulação de serpentinas de expansão direta com compressores de velocidade variável, do EnergyPlus, para quatro faixas de capacidades distintas do compressor (60%, 80%, 100% e 120%) e para cada faixa foram inseridas as correlações de desempenho da capacidade e potência elétrica de aquecimento e refrigeração para diferentes condições de operação. Nas simulações foram considerados a perda de desempenho e o consumo elétrico para a operação de degelo com ciclo reverso para temperaturas externas inferiores a 7º C. As simulações com o sistema VRF acoplado a edificação comprovam a capacidade de economizar energia elétrica, além de apresentar o menor custo especifico da energia para aquecimento em relação aos sistemas radiantes. / This dissertation presents the thermal and energetic analysis of a building located in the bioclimatic zone 01, which comprises the coldness regions of Brazil. The analysis was developed using the software for dynamic simulation of buildings called EnergyPlus, where was determined the annual consumption of electricity throughout the existing building as well as the consumption with lighting, electrical equipments and the HVAC system. The existing HVAC system represents 42% of total consumption and the heating corresponds to 89% of the total energy consumption of the HVAC system. The evaluation of thermal comfort zones of building were conducted with reference to the comfort zones of winter and summer from the ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. The thermal zones presented a percentage in the range of 7.6% to 33% of occupation hours outside the boundaries of ASHRAE thermal comfort zone (winter) evaluating the operating temperature. Based on simulation results of the existing building, changes were proposed in the envelope and in the use of a heat pump air conditioning system with VRF technology (variable refrigerant flow) to reduce the energy consumption of the HVAC and the number of hours outside the comfort zone. The use of double layers glasses with high transmissivity and surfaces colored with high solar absorption, wool glass in the external and double internal walls and EPS sheets on the building floor, presented excellent results. The modification of the envelope decreased 18.2 % in the total consumption of electricity and the HVAC system represents only 29.6% of the total energy of the building. After the building improvement was selected from catalogs of manufacturers, machines with VRF technology that could meet the maximum heat load between design days or weather file. The results obtained with the VRF system showed a 32.8% reduction on energy consumption of HVAC system and 9.3% about the total consumption of electricity of the building compared to a traditional heat pump air conditioning system with single speed compressor. With the improvement in the envelope and the use of VRF system the percentage of hours outside the ASHRAE comfort zones were lower than the 4% target set by the standard. The VRF system was modeled from model: Multi-Speed Electric DX Air Coil, of the EnergyPlus, for four different capacities of the compressor (60, 80, 100 and 120%) and for each capacity range were included the performance correlation of heating and cooling capacity, the correlations of electrical power heating and cooling for different condition of operate and correlation of the fraction of part load operation for each machine selected. As the study was conducted to the cooler regions of Brazil, defrost was considered in the simulation with reverse cycle for operating temperatures below 7°C. The heating energy with heat pump VRF presents lower specific cost compared to radiant systems like radiant floor and radiators.

O trabalho apresenta uma análise térmica e energética de uma edificação localizada na zona bioclimática 1, que compreende as cidades mais frias do Brasil. A análise foi desenvolvida com o auxílio do programa de simulação dinâmica de edificações EnergyPlus em que foi determinado o consumo anual de energia elétrica de toda a edificação existente, bem como o consumo do sistema HVAC (Aquecimento, Ventilação e Ar Condicionado) do tipo split com ciclo reverso. O sistema HVAC existente representa 42% do consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação sendo que o aquecimento totaliza 89% do consumo do sistema HVAC. A avaliação do conforto térmico dos ambientes climatizados da edificação foi realizada tendo como referência as zonas de conforto de inverno e de verão definidas pela ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. Os ambientes apresentaram um percentual de 7,6 % a 33% das horas de operação do sistema HVAC fora da zona de conforto térmico de inverno da ASHRAE, considerando somente a temperatura operativa. A partir dos resultados da simulação da edificação existente foram propostas modificações na envoltória e o uso de um sistema de ar condicionado com tecnologia VRF (fluxo de refrigerante variável) a fim de reduzir o consumo de energia pelo HVAC e o número de horas desconfortáveis. A utilização de vidros duplos de maior transmissividade, superfícies com cores de maior absortividade solar, lã de vidro nas paredes externas e internas duplas e placas de EPS (Poliestireno Expandido) no piso da edificação, apresentaram ótimos resultados, reduzindo o consumo total de energia elétrica em 18,2% e o consumo do sistema HVAC passou a representar apenas 29,6% do total de energia da edificação. Após o aprimoramento da edificação foram selecionadas, a partir de catálogos de fabricantes, as máquinas com tecnologia VRF que atendessem a máxima carga térmica entre os dias de projeto ou arquivo climático sob determinadas condições. Os resultados obtidos com o sistema VRF apresentaram uma redução de 32,8% sobre o consumo de energia do sistema de HVAC e de 9,3 % sobre o consumo total de energia elétrica da edificação quando comparado com um ar condicionado tradicional do tipo split. Com a melhoria na envoltória e o uso da tecnologia VRF para climatização o percentual de horas fora das zonas de conforto da ASHRAE foram menores que os 4% estabelecido pela norma, quando considerado a temperatura operativa. O sistema VRF foi simulado adaptando o módulo de simulação de serpentinas de expansão direta com compressores de velocidade variável, do EnergyPlus, para quatro faixas de capacidades distintas do compressor (60%, 80%, 100% e 120%) e para cada faixa foram inseridas as correlações de desempenho da capacidade e potência elétrica de aquecimento e refrigeração para diferentes condições de operação. Nas simulações foram considerados a perda de desempenho e o consumo elétrico para a operação de degelo com ciclo reverso para temperaturas externas inferiores a 7º C. As simulações com o sistema VRF acoplado a edificação comprovam a capacidade de economizar energia elétrica, além de apresentar o menor custo especifico da energia para aquecimento em relação aos sistemas radiantes. / This dissertation presents the thermal and energetic analysis of a building located in the bioclimatic zone 01, which comprises the coldness regions of Brazil. The analysis was developed using the software for dynamic simulation of buildings called EnergyPlus, where was determined the annual consumption of electricity throughout the existing building as well as the consumption with lighting, electrical equipments and the HVAC system. The existing HVAC system represents 42% of total consumption and the heating corresponds to 89% of the total energy consumption of the HVAC system. The evaluation of thermal comfort zones of building were conducted with reference to the comfort zones of winter and summer from the ASHRAE Standard 55-2004. The thermal zones presented a percentage in the range of 7.6% to 33% of occupation hours outside the boundaries of ASHRAE thermal comfort zone (winter) evaluating the operating temperature. Based on simulation results of the existing building, changes were proposed in the envelope and in the use of a heat pump air conditioning system with VRF technology (variable refrigerant flow) to reduce the energy consumption of the HVAC and the number of hours outside the comfort zone. The use of double layers glasses with high transmissivity and surfaces colored with high solar absorption, wool glass in the external and double internal walls and EPS sheets on the building floor, presented excellent results. The modification of the envelope decreased 18.2 % in the total consumption of electricity and the HVAC system represents only 29.6% of the total energy of the building. After the building improvement was selected from catalogs of manufacturers, machines with VRF technology that could meet the maximum heat load between design days or weather file. The results obtained with the VRF system showed a 32.8% reduction on energy consumption of HVAC system and 9.3% about the total consumption of electricity of the building compared to a traditional heat pump air conditioning system with single speed compressor. With the improvement in the envelope and the use of VRF system the percentage of hours outside the ASHRAE comfort zones were lower than the 4% target set by the standard. The VRF system was modeled from model: Multi-Speed Electric DX Air Coil, of the EnergyPlus, for four different capacities of the compressor (60, 80, 100 and 120%) and for each capacity range were included the performance correlation of heating and cooling capacity, the correlations of electrical power heating and cooling for different condition of operate and correlation of the fraction of part load operation for each machine selected. As the study was conducted to the cooler regions of Brazil, defrost was considered in the simulation with reverse cycle for operating temperatures below 7°C. The heating energy with heat pump VRF presents lower specific cost compared to radiant systems like radiant floor and radiators.

Buildings consume a significant portion of the world's overall electricity consumptionand it is critical for people's well-being and performance to have a good indoor climate. This is projected to rise as living conditions improve and climate change occurs. This means that energy-efficient interior climate systems are critical, and it is a worthwhile topic to research. This Master Thesis is focused on the topic of indoor climate and how user experience design can improve efficiency and sustainability in the commissioning process. In addition to being a topic that is not much explored, the longer it takes to install wireless systems, the more expensive and more harmful it is to construction sites. The aim of this study was to identify challenges that users face during the commissioning process. Another aim of this research was to investigate what are the improvement opportunities in the indoor climate commissioning process. The final aim of this study is an artifact that has been created with suggested actions that address the identified challenges that users encounter during the commissioning process. The methods chosen for this research will be a combination of qualitative and quantitative research, known as a mixed-method approach. This approach will be used to obtain answers to the study's research questions. The outcome of the survey and interviews with employees who have participated in the commissioning processsomehow will enable us to answer the research questions. The project includes, for example, user studies, technical studies, and the development of new concepts.

In the first part, the diploma thesis addresses the issue of comparing individual HVAC systems for family houses. The second part is an experimental measurement of HVAC systems of a low-energy family house. The third part deals with the current state of heating and air conditioning of the family house, together with a certificate of energy performance of buildings. The diploma thesis is more focused on the experimental part.

The work description is to create a system of measures to prevent the spread and the consequent attenuation of sound in air handling systems serving the cleanrooms. The thesis presents a solution to noise attenuation in the investigated area, and in HVAC duct, which uses a commercially available material in the form of sound insulation hoses. In the systém solution is part of the work focuses on the optimal design of terminal elements to distribute air in a clean room. Processing methods utilize theoretical and experimental approach. The experiment comprises a unique analysis of the sound insulation properties of selected products under specific conditions. The data obtained are analyzed and incorporated into the framework of this work created program module for determining the attenuation and noise propagation in an enclosed space. Math and physical dependence are programmed into their own DLL by programming language DELPHI.

L'objectif des travaux présentés dans ce mémoire concerne le développement d'un modèle global représentant le couplage de l'enveloppe du bâtiment avec les équipements énergétiques. Une approche systémique appelée les Bond Graphs, peu employée jusqu'ici dans la modélisation des systèmes thermiques, est utilisée. Le modèle global du bâtiment, regroupant sous le même environnement de simulation, les modèles de l'enveloppe du bâtiment, les apports solaires, les émetteurs de chauffage et de rafraîchissement et le système de ventilation, est développé pour reconstituer l'ensemble des articulations énergétiques entre l'enveloppe et les environnements intérieur et extérieur. A travers la modélisation d'un bâtiment multizone, le couplage systémique des modèles de l'enveloppe et des apports solaires est présenté. Par ailleurs, un système combinant un plancher chauffant et un plafond rafraîchissant est étudié à l'aide des modèles des émetteurs de chauffage et de rafraîchissement. Le renouvèlement d'air dans le bâtiment est également concerné par la modélisation Bond Graph. Enfin, des éléments de validation expérimentale sont présentés. Pour cela, la plateforme de tri-génération d'énergie ENERBAT est exploitée. L'objectif est d'étudier le couplage optimal enveloppe du bâtiment - équipements énergétiques pour lequel les modèles BG sont développés. Une étude paramétrique tenant compte des interactions entre les paramètres étudiés est menée sur un projet réel de rénovation. Finalement, une combinaison appropriée des paramètres étudiés a été retenue afin de réduire la consommation énergétique selon la réglementation thermique française (RT2012) / Our works focus on the setting of reliable tools able to analyze the interaction between the building envelope and HVAC systems. The developed approach is based on Bond Graphs methodology, a graphical modeling language which is particularly suitable for energy exchanges. A numerical model gathering, under the same simulation environment, sub-models representing the building envelope, the solar gains, the floor heating, the chilled ceiling and the ventilation system, is developed in order to predict the energy interactions between these sub-systems. The multi-zone building model is developed in order to simulate and analyze the overall building thermal behavior. Then, the solar gains model is also included to predict the solar radiation exchanges in a way close to reality. The model of the heating and cooling system, combining the floor heating and the chilled ceiling, is developed in order to improve the thermal comfort of the building. Afterwards, the ventilation system is modeled in order to represent the air exchange inside the building. The experimental validation is carried out on the tri-generation unit integrated with a thermal solar system (platform ENERBAT). Furthermore, the parametrical study was realized in order to gain a better understanding according to the impact of some factors in the energy performance of the single-family building located in Meurthe-et-Moselle region (France). Optimization of several measures, such as insulation of the building envelope, type of glazing, building orientation and ventilation system, is performed to respond to the requirements of the French thermal standard (RT2012)

À mesure que les performances intrinsèques des bâtiments s’améliorent, les usages énergétiques non réglementés, que nous associons à une notion d’intensité énergétique des usages, prennent de plus en plus d’importance dans le bilan des consommations des bâtiments. De plus, les bâtiments performants font apparaître des problématiques au niveau de l’exploitation des installations. Ces constats nous permettent d’affirmer qu’il est aujourd’hui important de proposer un cadre pour le suivi et l’optimisation de la sobriété énergétique des usages et l’exploitation performante pour la maîtrise des consommations énergétiques réelles des bâtiments. Cette thèse propose tout d’abord de développer des modèles polynomiaux de prédiction de la consommation énergétique tous usages en fonction des facteurs caractérisant l’intensité d’usage, la qualité d’usage et la qualité d’exploitation. Pour cela, nous utilisons le logiciel EnergyPlus afin de réaliser des simulations énergétiques dynamiques (SED) sur des valeurs de paramètres définis par la méthode des plans d’expérience D-optimaux. Le modèle polynomial créé permet alors d’effectuer, avec un faible temps de calcul, une propagation des incertitudes sur les consommations d’énergie calculées. Pour ce faire, nous utilisons les données mesurées en exploitation dans le cadre de la mesure et de la vérification de la performance énergétique, associées à une incertitude concernant leur valeur. Nous pouvons alors déterminer l’incertitude globale sur les consommations énergétiques et identifier les pistes pour la réduire, permettant ainsi un meilleur suivi et encadrement de la consommation énergétique réelle. / Since building envelope and MEP systems characteristics regularly improve, the weight of non-regulatory energy end-uses increases. These energy end-uses are typically associated with tenants or owners’ activities. In addition, high performance buildings show new issues related to HVAC systems operations. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and improve non-regulatory energy end-uses energy as well as HVAC systems operations efficiencies. We have developed polynomial energy models that can predict energy consumption as a function of building’s activities characteristics and HVAC systems operations factors. We used EnergyPlus software in order to build reliable energy models along with the D-optimum design of experiments method (DOE). Then, we used measurement and verification (M&V) data, associated with probability functions, to determine the associated uncertainty of the calculated energy consumption. Finally, we combine the latter with the polynomial modeling error to calculate the energy consumption global uncertainty, with the goal to identify strategies to reduce it.

Heutzutage gewinnt die Simulation von Gebäuden und Anlagen zunehmend an Bedeutung, um die Betriebsweise der Anlagen zu diagnostizieren bzw. zu bewerten und den Energiebedarf vorherzusagen. Dabei hängt die erzielte Genauigkeit von dem Kompliziertheitsgrad des angewendeten Simulationsprogramms ab. Deshalb ist Modellbildung und -validierung ein sehr wichtiger Bestandteil eines Softwareentwicklungsprozesses, um die Zuverlässigkeit zu sichern. Am Institut für Thermodynamik und Technische Gebäudeausrüstung liegen zahlreiche Simulationsmodelle vor. Im Rahmen dieser vorliegenden Arbeit wurden weitere benötigte Modelle (hygrisches Verhalten der Wände (vereinfachtes Verfahren), Rippenrohrwärmeüberträger, Wärmeregenerator et al.) entwickelt und in das Programm TRNSYS eingefügt sowie die vorhandenen Modelle an ihre Genauigkeit angepasst. Insbesondere sind dies die Modelle für Splitsysteme bei stetiger und nichtstetiger Regelung mit der detaillierten Betrachtung des Anlagenverhaltens sowohl beim Voll- als auch beim Teillastbetrieb. Damit ist es erstmals gelungen, das gesamte Anlagensystem der Splittechnik ausführlich zu beschreiben. Um die analytische Validierung durchführen zu können, wurden die analytischen Modelle für eine Splitanlage bei stetiger und nichtstetiger Regelung unter den vordefinierten Randbedingungen entwickelt. Zur analytischen Validierung finden auch die vorhandenen Simulationsmodelle Anwendung, so dass sich die meisten Komponenten und das Simulationsprogramm TRNSYS verifizieren ließen. Diese Validierung erfolgte im Rahmen des IEA-SHC/HVAC BESTEST TASK 22. Da an diesem TASK verschiedene Forschungsinstitutionen mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Simulationsprogrammen teilnahmen, ergab sich die beste Möglichkeit, vergleichende Tests durchzuführen. Wenn dabei ein Programm signifikante Unterschiede zu den anderen liefert, liegt dies nicht immer an Programmfehlern. Aber kollektive Erfahrungen aus diesem TASK zeigen, dass bei Abweichungen meistens Fehler bzw. fragwürdige Algorithmen gefunden wurden. Nachdem das Simulationsprogramm TRNSYS validiert war, erfolgte die Erstellung eines Konzeptes zur Fehlererkennung und Diagnose der Regelstrategien von RLTA. Das Verfahren erlaubt sowohl die Beseitigung der möglichen Fehler in der Planungsphase beim Entwurf der Regelstrategien als auch den Test der vorhandenen Regelstrategien. Dies erhöht die Zuverlässigkeit und damit die Sicherheit beim Anlagenbetrieb. Schließlich dient das Verfahren als Werkzeug zur Optimierung der Betriebsweise von RLTA. Das Regelverhalten wurde anhand typischer Fälle vorgestellt und diskutiert. Mit Hilfe des Verfahrens zur Fehlererkennung und Diagnose der Betriebsweise von RLTA ließen sich vorhandene Regelstrategien testen und verbessern.