京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第22768号 / 工博第4767号 / 新制||工||1745(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市環境工学専攻 / (主査)教授 田中 宏明, 教授 清水 芳久, 教授 藤井 滋穂 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13492号 / 論工博第4201号 / 新制||工||1785(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 米田 稔, 教授 高野 裕久, 教授 松井 康人 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

The study aims to investigate an appropriate wastewater treatment process to treat domestic wastewater in Hanoi City which contain low-strength for COD (120-200 mg/L) but high in nitrogen content (10-40 mg/L). A lab scale anoxic-oxic system with a hollow fiber-Membrane Separation Bioreactor was operated at a flow rate of 5-10 L/h over a period of 150 days. The reactor was operated at different sludge recirculation rates. The MBR maintained relatively constant transmembrane pressure. During 150 days of reactor operation, treated water quality have COD of around 20 mg/L, NH4-N of less than 1 mg/L, NO3-N of less than 5 mg/L. The system shows good and stable efficiency for organic matter and nitrogen removal without adding an external carbon source and coagulants. The results based on the study indicated that the proposed process configuration has potential to treat the low-strength wastewater in Hanoi. / Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là đề xuất được một công nghệ hiệu quả và phù hợp để xử lý nước thải sinh họat ở các đô thị của Việt nam, là loại nước thải được thu gom từ hệ thống thoát nước chung có nồng độ chất hữu cơ thấp (COD 120-200 mg/l) nhưng hàm lượng chất dinh dưỡng như Nitơ, Phốt pho khá cao (T-N: 10-40 mg/L). Chúng tôi đã nghiên cứu và vận hành chạy thử mô hình xử lý sinh học yếm khí - kỵ khí (AO) kết hợp với màng vi lọc ở quy mô mô hình phòng thí nghiệm (công suất 5-10 L/h) ở các chế độ công suất bùn tuần hoàn khác nhau. Kết quả xử lý trong thời gian 5 tháng vận hành mô hình cho thấy chất lượng nước thải sau xử lý có hàm lượng COD nhỏ hơn 20 mg/L, NH4-N nhỏ hơn 1 mg/L, NO3-N nhỏ hơn 5 mg/L. Hiệu suất xử lý chất hữu cơ và chất dinh dưỡng rất ổn định và hệ thống không phải sử dụng các nguồn bổ sung chất hữu cơ hay các hóa chất trợ lắng như các công nghệ đang áp dụng. Kết quả cho thấy công nghệ AO kết hợp màng vi lọc có khả năng áp dụng thực tế, phù hợp với những nơi có quỹ đất nhỏ, chất lượng nước sau xử lý rất cao có thể phục vụ cho mục đích tái sử dụng.

Ce mémoire explore les différents processus qui sous-tendent la formalisation d'un système constructif de plancher adapté à l'habitat urbain de Hanoi. Plus spécifiquement sur la préfabrication d'un système constructif de plancher complémentaire en béton armé de bambou et en béton léger. Une partie de ce travail a été réalisé conjointement avec M. Jonathan Boucher (Boucher, 2006) qui s'est intéressé davantage à un élément du système de plancher soit, la poutre armée de bambou. La première partie de ce travail survole quelques grands thèmes actuels concernant les pays en voie de développement et, plus spécifiquement, met en relief des notions sur l'habitation à faible coût, sur les systèmes constructifs en béton et sur le marché de la construction relevé au Vietnam. La deuxième partie du travail recense la littérature et les diverses publications récentes sur les systèmes constructifs en béton et sur la technologie des bétons légers. La dernière partie du travail expose les différents processus de formalisation du système constructif développé en présentant l'évolution de la conception, de la réalisation et de la mise à l'épreuve du prototype de système de plancher en béton réalisé à grandeur réelle en laboratoire.

Cette thèse tente d'étudier la structure sociale des villes coloniales en Indochine française. Il s'agit d'une étude sur l'histoire de l'influence de la colonisation sur la société et les habitants urbains au Viêtnam, en prenant principalement le cas de Hanoi et Haiphong dans la première moitié du XXe siècle.Aprés avoir bien examiné la méthode, la politique et l'organisation de la colonisation de l'Indochine, nous mettons d'abord les questions comme suit : comment les villes de Hanoi et Haiphong ont-elles été construites ? ; À quels problèmes ont-elles fait face dans les processus de sa formation et son développement ? Ensuite, nous avons jeté un regard sur les habitants à la ville coloniale de Hanoi en remarquant la répartition géographique et démographique des professions et catégories socioprofessionnelles (PCS), notamment des petits commerçants-artisans. Les cadres indochinois auraient peut-être mieux exploités surtout en ce qui concerne le salaire et niveau de vie à la veille de l'indépendance.De cela, on pourra relever certaines caractéristiques de la structure sociale et de la stratification sociale de la ville coloniale de Hanoi. À ce propos, nous analysons le mouvement social dans le contexte mondial de la crise économique après 1930 et l'application du réglementation général du travail en Indochine de 1936, en mettant en scène une grève des ouvriers déclenchée à Hanoi en 1937, qui a permis d'exécuter la politique sociale au même niveau que la métropole. En conclusion, cette grève "légale" a eu pour résultat une création de « nouveaux réseaux sociaux indigènes » en regroupant les patrons et les ouvriers par même profession au Nord-Viêtnam. / This Thesis examines the social structure of colonial cities in French Indochina, which means that it aimes to reveal link between the colonial system and the colonial society. But we're talking about a study of history of the influence of colonization on society and urban inhabitants in Vietnam. Therefor it will take the case of Hanoi and Haiphong during the first half of the twentieth century.After examining method, policy and organization of the Indochinese colonization, we ask some questions as follows : how Hanoi was built ; what problem this city was faced with in the process of its formation and development. This subject will be treated from a comparative perspective with one of the most principal city in Vietnam : Haiphong.Then, we are intersted in the inhabitants of colonial city Hanoi pointing out the geographic distribution of "professions et catégories socioprofessionnelles" (PCS : professions and social-occupational categories). The best part of this research is characterized by demography of new PCS, especially of small marchants and craftmen.From such approach, we extract some caracteristics of social structure and social stratification of colonial city Hanoi. In this connection, we analyze, moreover, social movement in the worldwide contexte of economic crisis after 1930 and application of labour law of Indochina in 1936, directing labour strike broke out at Hanoi in 1937, only which allowed exercise the social policy at the same level as metropolitain France. In conclusion, this "legal" strike had the effect of creating « a new indigenous social network » grouping management and workers into same professions in North-Vietnam.

No description available.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among adults in Vietnam. Little is known about the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in NCDs and other NCD-related factors in urban areas, in particular among the poor living in slum areas. Understanding these disparities are essential in contributing to the knowledge, needed to reduce inequalities and close the related health gaps burdening the disadvantaged populations in urban areas.  Objective: To examine the burden and health system responsiveness to NCDs in Hanoi, Vietnam and investigate the role of socioeconomic inequalities in their prevalence, subsequent healthcare utilization and related impoverishment due to health expenditures.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,736 individuals aged 15 years and over who lived in 1211 randomly selected households in 2013 in urban Hanoi, Vietnam. The study collected information on household’s characteristics, household expenditures, and household member information. A qualitative approach was implemented to explore the responsiveness of commune health stations to the increasing burden of NCDs in urban Hanoi. In-depth interview approach was conducted among health staff involved in NCD tasks at four commune health stations in urban Hanoi. Furthermore, NCD managers at relevance district, provincial and national levels were interviewed.  Results: The prevalence of self-reported NCDs was significantly higher among individuals in non-slum areas (11.6%) than those in slum areas (7.9%). However, the prevalence of self-reported NCDs concentrated among the poor in both slum and non-slum areas. In slum areas, the poor needed more health care services, but the rich consumed more health care services. Among households with at least one household member reporting diagnosis of NCDs, the proportion of household facing catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment were the greater in slum areas than in non-slum areas. Poor households in slum areas were more likely to face catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment. The poor in non-slum areas were also more likely to face impoverishment if their household members experienced NCDs. Health system responses to NCDs at commune health stations in urban Hanoi were weak, characterized by the lack of health information, inadequate human resources, poor financing, inadequate quality and quantity of services, lack of essential medicines. The commune health stations were not prepared to respond to the rising prevalence of NCDs in urban Hanoi.  Conclusion: This thesis shows the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of self-reported NCDs in both non-slum and slum areas in urban Hanoi. NCDs associated with the inequalities in health care utilization, catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment, particular in slum areas. Appropriate interventions should focus more on specific population groups to reduce the socioeconomic inequalities in the NCD prevalence and health care utilization related to NCDs to prevent catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment among the households of NCD patients.  The functions of commune health stations in the urban setting should be strengthened through the development of NCDs service packages covered by the health insurance.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LARISSA DE OLIVEIRA E FERREIRA.pdf: 1804099 bytes, checksum: d2b4dba42341c787eb8c9b6b9ba6a815 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-08 / Neuropsychology in recent years has increased the number of research on executive function function. The increase in research was necessary because it is a subject that covers . functions directly linked to cognitive processes necessary for good per performance in daily ormance activities activities, and tasks that require a more elaborat , elaborate reasoning e reasoning. But most research, found . found, has as its object of study groups of children and adolescents with neuropsychi neuropsychiatric atric disorders or dysfunctions dysfunctions. In Brazil there are few standardized ba batte ttery to assess ry executive function. One of the instruments used is the Tower of Hanoi, but there is no consensus on how to apply and which components of this instrumen instrument assesses t executive function function. From this perspective we chose to study the Tower of Hanoi in the assessment of executive function with group of children with normal development . This study tested 55 children and adolescents between 10 and 16 years, with the aim to evaluate the relationship between time and performance in the Tower of Hanoi to assess executive function function. As convergent validity was used to scale . the implementation of WISC III III, which is a w , widely studied intelligence test idely test, which evaluates all components , of executive function and that has to count time as a key factor in the fi final s nal score of all core subtests subtests. The results provide data that seem to show that the number of movements . and me measure the execution time in ToH asure ToH, with children 10 , - 16 years o old, has no ld, discriminative power power, the comparison between the groups 10 , 10-13 years and 14 -16 year years and between genders s genders. We conclude that the ToH unlike many studies showed . that it is not an effective tool in the assessment of executive function in children 10 10-16 years. The measurement of time in carrying out the ToH is not necessary since no significa significant correlation in any of the comparisons made in this study. nt / Em neuropsicologia neuropsicologia, nos últimos anos tem aumentado o número de pesq pesquisas sobre a uisas função executiva. O aumento das pesquisas fez fez-se necessário por tratar tratar-se de um assunto que abrange funções diretamente ligadas a processos cognitivos necessário necessários para o bom desempenho em atividades cotidianas, e em tarefas que exij exijam um am raciocínio mais elaborado. No entanto, a maioria das pesquisas encontrada encontradas tem como s objeto de estudo grupos de crianças e adolescentes com disfunções ou transtornos neuropsiquiátr neuropsiquiátricos, icos, o que não permite esclarecer o que seria o desenvolvimento e o funcionamento da função executiva em grupos sem comprometimentos. No Brasil Brasil, existe existem poucas bateria baterias padronizadas para avaliar a função executiva. Um dos instrumentos muito usado é a Torr Torre de Hanói e (TOH) TOH), porém porém, não existe consenso quanto a forma de aplicação e quais componentes da função ex executiva esse ecutiva instrumento avalia. Com essa perspectiva perspectiva, optou optou-se por estudar a Torre de Hanói na avaliação da função executiva com grupo de crianças com desenvolvimento normal. Foram testadas 55 crianças e adolescentes, entre 10 e 16 anos, com o objetivo de avaliar a relação entre tempo e o d desempenho na Torre de Hanói para a esempenho avaliação da função executiva. Como medida de correlação usou usou-se a escala de ex execução do Wisc ecução III III. Os resultados fornecem dados que parecem demonstrar que o número de movimentos e a medida do tempo na execução na ToH, com crianças de 10 a 16 anos, não tem poder discriminativo, na comparação do desempenho do número e do tempo de execu execução ção ent entre os grupos de 10 a 13 anos, re de 14 a 16 anos e entre os gêneros. Conclu Conclui-se que a medida do tempo na realização da ToH ToH, de acordo com os , dados levantados e em grupos de crianças e adolescentes da 10 a 16 anos não se faz necessária necessária, uma vez que não apre apresentou correlação significativa. sentou

Recent years have witnessed many developments in the use of the communicative approach in language teaching. This approach aims at developing students' ability to communicate with native speakers of the target language. To achieve this ability, students are required to have not only linguistic competence but also communicative competence. That is why the students need not only the linguistic knowledge but also the background knowledge of the culture in which the language is spoken. Language is a part of culture. Cultural differences always cause problems for speakers of different cultures while communicating. Therefore, the " learning of a second culture is often a part of the learning of a second language " (Brown, 1980: 242 ) . Background Studies, including culture, used to be neglected or taught improperly in the curriculum of the Hanoi Foreign Languages College. In consequence, Vietnamese E.F.L students at the College have a poor background knowledge of the English speaking countries and their people's patterned ways of life. This causes difficulties for them when communicating with native speakers of English, even when they are studying at the College where culture-based textbooks and materials are commonly used. Therefore, Background Studies, including culture, must be seen as a separate and indispensable component of the curriculum of the College which aims at providing the students with the background knowledge of English speaking countries and with an awareness of their people's ways of life, their customs and habits and so on. Various techniques for the teaching of this subject are examined.

As a result of the development in foreign trade in Vietnam, there is a growing need for trained business executives and business people. A good command of spoken English is one of the most important qualifications of a foreign trade executive who needs English as a means of communicating with English speaking people in various business activities. At present, the responsibility for training students of commerce mainly rests with Hanoi Foreign Trade College. English language teaching in general, and the teaching of speaking skills in particular still leave much,to be desired. The students' oral proficiency is far from satisfactory. The purpose of this report is to explore the two main problematic areas in teaching speaking skills to students of commerce in Vietnam: syllabus design and teaching methods. The report consists of four chapters. Chapter one looks at some major theoretical problems and practical issues in English for Specific Purposes teaching. Chapter two provides an analysis of the teaching and learning situations at Hanoi Foreign Trade College and problems in teaching oral skills. Chapter three is mainly concerned with designing a communicative syllabus for the teaching of speaking skills to students of commerce. Chapter four deals with the theoretical assumptions and processes involved in oral communication and discusses some classroom methods and techniques in the light of the current communicative approach. This report should be regarded as an exploratory attempt in adopting the communicative approach to teaching oral skills to students of commerce in Vietnam.