Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health challenge in Nigeria despite the fund appropriation for malaria control. The health challenges of malaria in pregnancy vary with populations and there is limited knowledge on the impact of the socioeconomic status and health-seeking behavior on malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria. The objective of this cross-sectional quantitative survey was to examine whether socioeconomic status and health-seeking behavior predict malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria using the social cognitive theoretical model. The data from a 2015 Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey was used in this study. Data were analyzed using chi-square, binary, and multivariate logistics regression analyses. The study demonstrated that socioeconomic status (wealth index/income [Poorest: OR 2.709, 95% CI 1.869-3.928, p 0.000; Poorer: OR 1.791, 95% CI 1.256-2.555, p 0.00] and no education: OR 2.868, 95% CI 1.761-4.671, p 0.000) made significant contributions in predicting malaria in pregnancy. The research results also showed that socioeconomic status is a predictor of health-seeking behavior (wealth index/income [Poorest: OR 0.414, 95% CI 0.244-0.705, p 0.001], no education: OR 0.329, 95% CI 0.174-0.622, p 0.001 and primary education: OR 0.348, 95% CI 0.191-0.636, p 0.001). Additionally, the study findings showed that malaria in pregnancy determined the choice of formal health-seeking behavior by pregnant women (malaria in pregnancy: OR 0.551, 95% CI 0.469-0.648, p 0.000). The results of this research might guide Nigeria's Ministry of Health to develop approaches on women empowerment that would focus on socioeconomic status and health-seeking behavior of women such as programs to improve women's education and income generation.

Aim. To observe and evaluate the health behaviour in school aged children and to get key insights into the health related behaviours of young people. Objectives. To analize and evaluate health behaviours among boys and girls in Pakistan. To analize and evaluate health-risk behaviors among boys and girls in Pakistan.To compare health behaviours of adolescents in Pakistan and Lithuania. Methods. Health Behavior in School aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire was used in this study. Questionnaire survey was carried out in 2 schools of Pakistan. One school was private and one school was public. The were 300 participants and majority of them were 14 and 15 years old. Health behavior was measured with questions concerning adolescent’s nutritional habits (breakfast, fresh fruit and vegetable, sweets, fast food and soft drinks with sugar consumption), health-risk behavior (cigarette use, injuries) and physical activity. Statistical data was analyzed using the statistic package SPSS 15.0 for Windows. Results. Two thirds (78.5%) of respondents thought they are in good health and just 4% claimed having excellent health. Study results showed, that 41% of school students exercise 2-3 times a week and 7.3% less than once a month. It was estimated that more than half of Pakistan adolescents eat breakfast every day on weekdays, but on weekends less than one third have breakfast at home. One third of respondents stated, that eat fresh vegetable and 20.1% of then eat fresh fruit every day... [to full text] / Santrauka.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2004. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-30).

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Submitted by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T18:20:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mpcc_ROBERTA PRADO_DEFESA FINAL_IMPRESSÃO FINAL rev RP.pdf: 4203884 bytes, checksum: a62e2b89f1998798da40dc3455f5cd80 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Alves Rodrigues (aalves@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T18:21:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mpcc_ROBERTA PRADO_DEFESA FINAL_IMPRESSÃO FINAL rev RP.pdf: 4203884 bytes, checksum: a62e2b89f1998798da40dc3455f5cd80 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Debora Cristina Bonfim Aquarone (deborabonfim@espm.br) on 2018-10-09T18:21:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mpcc_ROBERTA PRADO_DEFESA FINAL_IMPRESSÃO FINAL rev RP.pdf: 4203884 bytes, checksum: a62e2b89f1998798da40dc3455f5cd80 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T18:21:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mpcc_ROBERTA PRADO_DEFESA FINAL_IMPRESSÃO FINAL rev RP.pdf: 4203884 bytes, checksum: a62e2b89f1998798da40dc3455f5cd80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / The aim of this study was to understand the young person's perception about coffee as part of a healthy habit in their routine. The exploratory qualitative research turns to the consumer of 19-25 years, a relevant period for the development of long-lasting health behaviors. In the process, seventeen in-depth interviews were considered. The script was supported by the concepts of the Health Belief Model (HBM), considered one of the most used models to explain health behaviors. The predictive variables of the HBM were adapted to the context and from them emerged seven analytical categories for interpretation through the qualitative content analysis. The results showed that, in general, coffee is not associated with healthy habits. Despite the strong bond between coffee and young people, they are not familiar with all functional benefits of the beverage. Perception is limited: coffee is a source of energy and disposition (productivity) and/or relaxation (pleasure). It also identifies additional signs: coffee is also perceived as an instrument for socialization. In other words, coffee is seen by young people as a powerful ally of adult life, which justifies its relevance in this important period of quest for independence. Therefore, the perception of coffee as part of a healthy behavior can be stimulated if young people acquire more knowledge of the benefits of coffee (especially those that are fit into their daily routine) and the safe doses of caffeine, that less often is perceived as a potential addiction, despite they claim to consume less than the recommended daily doses. In addition, the positioning that relates coffee as an ally for physical activity seems to have the greatest potential, since it is the variable most associated with health and it is already a habit in the routine. However, coffee as a fuel for healthy habits appears to be believable and applicable by the eyes of this researched public. On the other hand, the benefits related to disease prevention showed less credibility and relevance. / O objetivo do estudo foi compreender a percepção do jovem sobre o café como parte de hábito saudável em sua rotina. A pesquisa exploratória qualitativa se volta para o consumidor de 19-25 anos, período relevante para desenvolvimento de comportamentos duradouros para a saúde. Foram consideradas dezessete entrevistas em profundidade. Os roteiros foram sustentados pelos conceitos do Health Belief Model (HBM), classificado como um dos modelos mais utilizados para explicar comportamentos de saúde. As variáveis preditivas do HBM foram adaptadas ao contexto e delas emergiram sete categorias analíticas para interpretação através da análise qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstraram que, em geral, o café não está associado a hábitos saudáveis. Apesar do vínculo forte com a bebida, os jovens não são familiarizados com todos os seus benefícios funcionais. A percepção é limitada: o café é fonte de disposição e energia (produtividade) ou de relaxamento (prazer). Identifica-se também signos adicionais: o café é instrumento para socialização. Em outras palavras, o café é tido pelos jovens como um grande aliado da vida adulta, o que justifica sua relevância nesta fase de busca por independência. Assim, a percepção do café como parte de um comportamento saudável pode ser estimulada se o público jovem obter maior conhecimento dos benefícios do café (principalmente os que se encaixam na rotina típica) e das doses diárias seguras de cafeína, que ainda são superiores à frequência de consumo deste público, que por vezes percebe a substância como um vício em potencial. Além disso, o posicionamento que relaciona o café como aliado para atividades físicas parece ter o maior potencial, uma vez que é a variável mais associada à saúde e já é um hábito na rotina. Contudo, o café como combustível para hábitos saudáveis parece ser crível e relevante aos olhos do público pesquisado. Já os benefícios ligados à prevenção de doença apresentaram menor credibilidade e relevância.

Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka vad som skiljer i personlighet mellan studenter som vaccinerade sig mot svininfluensan och studenter som inte vaccinerade sig. Studien genomfördes genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning på 194 studenter från ett universitet i Svealand. Deltagarna fick besvara psykometriska personlighetstester som mätte känslighet, ångest, depression, sympati och pålitlighet. Därefter utfördes statistiska test i SPSS för att i huvudsak beräkna medelvärdesskillnader. Resultaten visar att vaccinerade studenter är signifikant känsligare än ovaccinerade studenter. Vaccinerade studenter är också mer ångestfyllda men skillnaderna är inte signifikanta. Det finns inga nämnvärda skillnader i depression, sympati eller pålitlighet. Typ av utbildning och kön predicerar heller inte vaccinering. Sammanfattningsvis ska känslighet därmed ses som den viktigaste prediktorn för vilka personer som vaccinerar sig vid pandemier. Resultatet kan generaliseras till den svenska befolkningen eftersom studiens andel vaccinerade motsvarar befolkningens andel vaccinerade. Studiens urval motsvarar däremot inte den svenska populationens genomsnittliga utbildningsnivå. Å andra sidan har utbildningsnivå inte visat sig vara en betydande faktor för hälsoskyddande beteenden i tidigare forskning, varför mitt resultat bör betraktas som betydelsefullt. / The purpose of this study is to examine which personality aspects that are differing from students who got vaccinated against the swine flu, to students who did not get vaccinated. This study carried out a quantitative survey on 194 students from a mid-region university in Sweden. The participants were to answer psychometric personality tests on sensitivity, anxiety, depression, sympathy and dependability. Thereafter, statistical tests were conducted through SPSS, mainly to calculate mean differences. The results conclude that vaccinated students are significantly more sensitive than un-vaccinated students. Vaccinated students are also more anxious but these differences are not significant. There are no notable differences in depression, sympathy or dependability. Type of education and sex do not either predict vaccination. Finally, sensitivity shall be viewed as the most important predictor in a person’s likeliness to get vaccinated at pandemics. The findings can be generalized to the Swedish population because the proportion of vaccinated students in this study corresponds to the proportion of vaccinated people of the Swedish population. However, the sample of this study does not correspond to the educational level of the Swedish population. On the other hand, educational level has not been shown as an important determinant in health protective behaviors in former research literature, why my result should be considered as meaningful.

Tyrimo tikslas - išsiaiškinti sąmoningai save žalojančių ir turinčių savižudiškų tendencijų paauglių sveikatai nepalankaus elgesio ypatumus. Tyrime dalyvavo 690 tiriamųjų. Iš jų 379 (54,9 %) vaikinai ir 311 (45,1 %) merginų. 38 (5,5 %) respondentai nurodė sąmoningai save žalojantys, iš jų tik 13 (1,9 %) tiriamųjų išsakė neturintys savižudiškų ketinimų. 86 (12,5 %) paaugliai nurodė turintys savižudiškų ketinimų, iš kurių 61 (8,9 %) respondentas turintis savižudiškų ketinimų, tačiau savęs nežaloja. Tai reiškia, kad 25 (3,6 %) tiriamieji ir sąmoningai save žaloja, ir turi savižudiškų ketinimų. Tiriamųjų amžius nuo 12 iki 19 metų. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog paaugliai yra labiau linkę save žalojant turėti savižudiškų ketinimų, nei tie, kurie savęs nežaloja, tačiau turi savižudiškų ketinimų. Tik sąmoningai save žalojantys paaugliai be savižudiškų ketinimų vartoja alkoholinius gėrimus, elgiasi agresyviai ir turėjo ankstyvų lytinių santykių rečiau nei sąmoningai save žalojantys paaugliai turintys savižudiškų ketinimų, tačiau dažniau nei tik savižudiškų ketinimų turintys paaugliai. Taip pat galima pastebėti tendencijas, kad tik sąmoningai save žalojantys paaugliai be savižudiškų ketinimų rūko ir vartoja narkotines medžiagas rečiau nei sąmoningai save žalojantys paaugliai turintys savižudiškų ketinimų, tačiau dažniau nei tik savižudiškų ketinimų turintys paaugliai. / The survey has been targeted to find out the peculiarity of adolescents health untoward behavior between non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal tendencies. There were 690 participants in the survey, 379 (54,9 %) boys and 311 (45,1 %) girls. 38 (5,5 %) participants were self-injurers, 13 (1,9 %) of them were non-suicidal self-injurers. 86 (12,5 %) adolescents noted to have suicidal tendencies, 61 (8,9 %) of them noted to have only suicidal tendencies without self-injuring behavior. It means that 25 (3,6 %) respondents self-injure themselves and report suicidal tendencies. The participants age was from 12 to 19 years old. The results showed that adolescents are tend to report suicidal tendencies the same time when they are self-injuring compared to those who does not self-injure and report only suicidal tendencies. Adolescents who experience non-suicidal self-injure, use alcohol, drugs, behave aggressive and have early sexual intercourse more rarely than those who self-injure and report suicidal tendencies, but more often then those, who report only suicidal tendencies. Also there can be noted the tendency, that non-suicidal sel-injurers smoke cigarettes and use drugs more rarely than those adolescents who self-injure and report suicidal tendencies, but more often then those adolescents, who report only suicidal tendencies.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2008. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 46-05, page: 2673. Adviser: Linda Lloyd. Includes bibliographical references.