O maior enfoque na graduação de enfermagem continua sendo na capacidade de reter as informações que surgem no dia-a-dia, especialmente de caráter técnico e procedimental. Para promover a formação de um profissional autônomo, crítico e reflexivo, é preciso que sejam também desenvolvidos conteúdos de natureza atitudinal e relacional. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral investigar o ensino dos conteúdos atitudinais ministrado por docentes de uma instituição pública na formação inicial do enfermeiro. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva, de natureza qualitativa realizada na Escola de Enfermagem da USP (EEUSP), com docentes envolvidos no ensino de graduação em Enfermagem e que participam do Grupo de Apoio Pedagógico (GAP). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada utilizando-se um roteiro composto de uma parte de caracterização geral e outra de questões relacionadas ao ensino destes conteúdos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Participaram da pesquisa nove docentes que apontaram que os conteúdos atitudinais são entendidos como valores, comportamentos e posturas, porém com dificuldade em identificá-los nos conteúdos programáticos das disciplinas, pois estão diluídos nos conteúdos factuais e procedimentais, além de serem pouco valorizados no ensino de graduação. Os conteúdos atitudinais são trabalhados por iniciativa individual dos docentes que utilizam diferentes estratégias, em sala de aula ou em campo de prática. No processo de ensino, os docentes identificaram possibilidades e limites relacionados à instituição, aos docentes e aos estudantes. A grande dificuldade consiste na avaliação dos conteúdos atitudinais e há necessidade de instrumentos que direcionem a avaliação do docente para os conteúdos. Tendo em vista que a EEUSP é referência no ensino de Enfermagem e o tema abordado nesta pesquisa é ainda pouco investigado, é necessário o desenvolvimento de novas investigações nesta temática, pela sua importância e complexidade / The nursing graduation most important focus still remais on the capacity of retaining information that arises on a daily basis, specialy when it comes to its technical and procedural ones. To promote the formation of a critical and reflective professional, it is demanding that contents of attitudinal and relational nature are also developed. The general objective of this study is investigating the attitudinal contents taught by professors at a nurse graduation course at a public institution. It is an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative research held at Escola de Enfermagem da USP (EEUSP) - Nursing School of the University of São Paulo, whith professors involved in teaching undergraduate nursing and participating in the Pedagogical Support Group (GAP - Grupo de Apoio Pedagógico).The data has been collected through semi-structured interview using a script composed by a part of general characterization and other with issues related to the teaching of these contents.The data has been annalized using Bardin\'s content analisys. The nine professors who participated in this research indicated that the attidudinal contents are understood as values, behaviors and attitudes, but they are very difficult to be identified in the disciplines programs because they are diluted in the factual and procedural contents. Their value is also not very well recognized on graduation teaching. The attitudinal contents are brought to light by the professors\' individual initiative and different strategies are used in the classroom or in the fieldwork. In the teaching process the professors identified the possibilities and limitations related to the institution, the professors and the students. The major dificulty is the evaluation of the attitudinal contents and there is also the need of instruments capable to lead the professors\' evaluation to them. Considering that EEUSP is the reference on nursing graduation in Brazil and the addressed issue is still poorly investigated, and because of its importance and complexity, it is necessary to develop new research on this topic

Os Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) disponibilizam a testagem para o HIV e o aconselhamento. Alguns pacientes não retornam para pegar o resultado. Investigou-se características associadas a "falha no retorno" (FNR) no CTA-Betinho, em 2003 e 2004. Conduziu-se um estudo observacional transversal. A FNR foi de 19,4% (n=548). Foram associadas a FNR: faixa etária; faixa etária adolescente; origem do cliente; tipo de orientação; primeiro teste no CTA; CTA-Itinerante; tempo de espera do resultado e tempo de espera maior que 30 dias; resultado HIV reagente. Após análise multivariada, permaneceram: faixa etária adolescente; CTA-Itinerante; tempo de espera do resultado maior que 30 dias; resultado HIV reagente. Aspectos de vulnerabilidade estariam contribuindo para FNR. Procedimentos implantados no CTA poderiam diminuir a FNR. Os resultados condizem com a literatura internacional / The HIV Counseling and Testing Centers (CTC) offer the HIV test and counseling. Some of the patients fail to return for HIV test result delivery. It was investigated characteristics related to failure to return (FTR) at the CTC Betinho in 2003 and 2004. A cross-sectional study was conducted. FTR during the study period was 19.4% (n=548). Variables associated to FTR were: age; teenagers; patient's reference; kind of pretest counseling; first HIV test at the CTA; Itinerant CTA; waiting period for the result; waiting period for the result of more than 30 days; HIV positive test result. After logistic regression, the following variables remained: teenagers; Itinerant CTA; waiting period for the result of more than 30 days; HIV positive test result. FTR could be explained by some issues related to social and individual vulnerability. Procedures could be implemented at CTA to minimize FTR. These results corroborate international studies

Este trabalho promove um estudo em informática em saúde no qual se analisam laudos de radiologia torácica através de métodos de processamento estatístico de linguagem natural com o intuito de subsidiar a interoperabilidade entre sistemas de saúde. Foram utilizados 2000 laudos de radiologia do tórax para a extração de conhecimento identificando-se as palavras, n-gramas e frases que os compõem. Foi calculado o índice de Zipf e verificou-se que poucas palavras compõem a maioria dos laudos e que a maioria das palavras não tem representatividade estatística A partir dos termos identificados foi realizada a tradução e a comparação da existência desses em um vocabulário médico padronizado com terminologia internacional, o SNOMEDCT. Os termos que tinham uma relação completa e direta com os termos traduzidos foram incorporados nos termos de referência juntamente com a classe à qual o termo pertence e seu identificador. Foram selecionados outros 200 laudos de radiologia de tórax para realizar o experimento de rotulação dos termos em relação à referência. A eficiência obtida neste estágio, que é o percentual de rotulação dos laudos, foi de 45,55%. A partir de então foram incorporados aos termos de referência, sob a classe de conceito de ligação, artigos, preposições e pronomes. É importante ressaltar que esses termos não adicionam conhecimento de saúde ao texto. A eficiência obtida foi de 73,23%, aumentando significativamente a eficiência obtida anteriormente. Finalizamos o trabalho com algumas formas de aplicação dos laudos rotulados para a interoperabilidade de sistemas, utilizando para isto ontologias, o HL7 CDA (Clinical Documents Architecture) e o modelo de arquétipos da Fundação OpenEHR. / This work promotes a study in health informatics technology which analyses reports of chest X-ray through statistical natural language processing methods for the purpose of supporting the interoperability between health systems. Two thousand radiology reports were used for the extraction of knowledge by identifying the words, n-grams and phrases of reports. Zipfs constant was studied and it was determined that few words make up the majority of the reports and that most of the words do not have statistical significance. The translation and comparison with exisiting standardized medical vocabulary with international terminology, called SNOMED-CT, was done based on the terms identified. The terms that had a complete and direct correlation with the translated terms were incorporated into the reference terms along with its class and the word identifier. Another 200 reports of chest x-rays were selected to perform the terms tagging experiment of with respect to the reference. The efficiency obtained, which is the percentage of labeling of the reports, was 45.55%. Subsequentely, articles, prepositions and pronouns were incorporated into the terms of reference under the linkage concept of class. It is important to note that these terms do not carry health knowledge to the text. Thus, the efficiency ratio was 73.23%, significantly increasing the efficiency obtained previously. The study was concluded with some forms of application of the reports tagged for system interoperability, using different ontologies, the HL7 CDA (Clinical Documents Architecture) and the archetypes at OpenEHR Fondation.

Background: Female circumcision or female genital mutilation is a tradition that is carried out mainly in Africa. The intervention refers to that part of- or all of the girl’s external genital organs are removed.  Aim: The study's purpose was to highlight the consequences of female circumcision in the encounter with western health care. Method: A systematic literature reviews was performed as a method. Twelve articles were selected for the study and these were sought in Chinal, PubMed and PsycINFO. Analysis and interpretation was done according to qualitative content analysis, inspired by Lundman and Granheim. Eriksson, Birkler, Dahlberg and Segersten’s nursing theory was used as background in the discussion. Results: The analysis process resulted in six categories: laws and guidelines, offence, communication, knowledge, vulnerability and nursing. The results showed that offence occur extensively against genitally mutilated women and the exposure of these women. The results also showed a strong need for knowledge, laws and guidelines. Conclusions: Health care professionals need to have a basic knowledge of female circumcision and clear guidelines to ensure good care. The nurse should also keep themselves updated of new research and search for knowledge to improve their care.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-82).

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 159-175.

No description available.

Uždaviniai : 1. įvertinti mokinių sveikatą ir jų naudojimąsi sveikatinimo paslaugomis; 2. nustatyti mokinių žinias apie sveikatą, gyvenseną ir žalingus įpročius; 3. nustatyti veiksnius, įtakojančius mokyklos sveikatos specialisto veiklos vertinimą; 4. palyginti nuomones apie VSS veiklą tarp mieste ir rajone gyvenančių mokinių bei tarp mokinių, lankančių vidurines mokyklas ir gimnazijas. Metodika. Tyrimo objektas – mokyklos sveikatos specialisto veiklos vertinimas. Tiriamos VSS veiklos sąsajos su mokinių sveikatos vertinimu ir sveikatos raštingumu. Atlikta anoniminė anketinė apklausa ir lyginamoji statistinė analizė naudojant SPSS programą (12.0 versiją). Apklausoje dalyvavo 406 8-tų ir 11-tų klasių mokiniai iš Kauno miesto ir rajono gimnazijų bei bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų. Atsako dažnis – 95,7 proc. Rezultatai. Mokiniai mokyklos VSS veiklą vertino patenkinamai. Paaugliai nurodė, jog pagrindinis, gautos sveikatinimo informacijos šaltinis yra gydytojas, antrasis – artimieji, tik 4 proc. nurodė VSS. Trečdalis paauglių sveikatos žinių negauna per jokias pamokas. 42,6 proc. dėl traumos apsilankiusiųjų specialisto darbą vertino gerai. Dauguma apsilankiusių iš jo negavo pakankamai informacijos. 59,9 proc. nurodė, jog VSS veikla nepakito. Blogiausiai įvertintos dvi VSS veiklos sritys – medicininės pagalbos, patarimų sveikatos klausimais teikimas bei jų suprantamumas, geriausiai – prevencinių priemonių įgyvendinimas. Dauguma buvo nepatenkinti VSS darbo laiku. Svarbiausia veikla... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Goals: 1. to evaluate schoolchildren’ health status and ability to seek for medical help. 2. to evaluate schoolchildren’ knowledge of health, lifestyle and bad habits. 3. to evaluate assessment of school health care specialists influencing factors. 4. to compare students opinion about SHCS activity between urban and rural, comprehensive school and gymnasium. Methodology. The object of research – activities of school health care specialists (SHCS) from schoolchildren’ point of view. Researching SHCS activities coherence with schoolchildren knowledge of health and own health status. Methods – questionnaire survey and statistical data analysis using statistical package SPSS 12.0. 406 students studying in 8th and 11th grades from various gymnasiums and schools of Kaunas (urban and rural areas) were questioned. The feedback – 95.7%. Results. The schoolchildren evaluated the activities of a SHCS as satisfactory. A half of teenagers the main source of health information noted doctor and family members. Only 4 % marked SHCS. The third children don’t get any health information during their lessons. 42.6 % children, visited SHCS with trauma, described his work as fine. The majority of visitors had insufficiency in health information from SHCS. 59.9 % noted that SHCS work hasn’t changed. The worst evaluations have medical help, advices rendering and its transparency, the best – promoting preventive implements. Respondents wished SHCS to be on full time. As the main SHCS activity... [to full text]

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.